人教新課標(biāo)必修4 Unit2 Working the land全套課件

Unit2Workingtheland

Warmingupandreading1Poem-byLiShenFarmersweedingatnoonSweatdownthefieldsoonWhoknowsfoodonatrayDuetotheirtoilingdayFarming

Brainstorming(connectinthemind)soilploughing

cropsweather&climateIrrigating(灌溉)……Agricultureinthepasthomebred/domesticanimalsox-ploughingfarmingnonirrigatedfieldorganicfertilizer/animalwastelabourAgricultureinthepastAgricultureinthemoderntimeschemicfertilizermechanicfarmingcombine/machinegreenhousesfowl-run/chickenfarmpesticide/pestcontrolProgressorproblem?Pre-readingWhatisthemainfoodinallEastAsianandSoutheastAsiancountries?Rice.Itissaidthatthereare2.4billionpeopletoeatriceeverydaythroughouttheworld.Whatdoyouthinkwouldhappeniftomorrowtherewassuddenlynoricetoeat?Ifthathappened,peopletherewouldsufferfromstarvation.Peoplewouldbepanic(驚慌)andthewholecountrywouldgetintotrouble.Dr.Yuanwasnominated(被提名）forNobel

PeacePrize.enoughfoodproduced

VerSus

over800millionpeoplegotobedhungryeverydayDoyouwanttoendthefamine(饑荒)intheworld?Ifyouhadthechancetodosomethingtohelpendhungerintheworld,whatwouldyoudo?ThemeasurestakentodealwithhungerInventanewkindofplanttoproducemorefood.Findasortoffertilizer(肥料)togivericeenoughnutrition.Stopthepollutiontotheenvironmentandprotectthesoilinthefield.袁隆平被譽(yù)為中國(guó)的“雜交水稻之父”.中國(guó)農(nóng)民說(shuō)，吃飯靠“兩平”，一靠鄧小平制定了生產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制的政策，二靠袁隆平發(fā)明了雜交稻。袁隆平，男，１９３０年９月出生于北京，１９５３年畢業(yè)于西南農(nóng)學(xué)院。畢業(yè)后，一直從事農(nóng)業(yè)教育及雜交水稻研究。在中國(guó)人民正鬧饑荒的20世紀(jì)60年代，袁隆平提出了雜交水稻的概念，這種新型水稻具有高產(chǎn)量的特點(diǎn)。10年后，他研制成功了一種產(chǎn)量比一般水稻高出20%的新型水稻。袁隆平一生獻(xiàn)身于農(nóng)業(yè)研究，先后受到聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織、糧農(nóng)組織的稱(chēng)譽(yù)。袁隆平雖已年屆７０歲，仍然一如既往地從事農(nóng)業(yè)研究。袁隆平人物簡(jiǎn)歷hybridrice;SystemofProductionResponsibility;institute;sufferfamine;Yield;UNESCO,FAO.=FoodandAgricultureOrganization，指聯(lián)合國(guó)糧食及農(nóng)業(yè)組織1.WhatdoesDrYuanlooklike?2.What’shisachievement?3.Whatdoyouthinkofhim?Whatkindofpersonishe？

Listentothetapeandanswerthefollowingquestions:1.WhatdoesDrYuanlooklike?Hehasasunburntfaceandarmsandaslim,strongbody.Heismorelikeafarmerthanascientist.2.What’shisachievement?Hegrowswhatiscalled

superhybridrice,whichmakesitpossibletoproduce

one-thirdmoreofthecropinthesamefields.

Nowmorethan

60%ofthericeproducedinChinacomesfromthishybridstrainthefirstagriculturalpioneertogrowricethathasahighoutputUsinghishybridricefarmers’producingharvests

twice

aslargeas

before.3.Whatdoyouthinkofhim?Hedoesn’tlikemoneybecausehegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture.Hedoesn’tlikefametoothoughhehasmadegreatcontributionstotheworld.He’sreallyrespectable.WhydidDrYuanwanttoincreasethericeoutputwhenhewasyoung?Howdoeshehelpridtheworldofhunger?WhatkindoflifeisDrYuanleading?UseafewwordstodescribeDrYuan’spersonality.SecondReadingReadingWhydidDrYuanwanttoincreasethericeoutputwhenhewasyoung?DrYuanwantedtoincreasethericeoutputbecausehesawmanypeoplegohungrywhenhewasyoung.2.Howdoeshehelpridtheworldofhunger?Hehelpstheworldgetridofhungerbyproducingahybridstrainofricewhichincreasetheharvest.3.WhatkindoflifeisDrYuanleading?DrYuanisleadingasimplelife,doinghisresearch,listeningtohismusicandridinghismotor-bike.4.UseafewwordstodescribeDrYuan’spersonality.

DrYuanisasimple,academicmanwhoismoreinterestedinhelpingothersthanbeingfamous.Detailreading

Pleasewritedownthesmallerheadinggivingalittlemoreinformationaccordingtothelargeheadingsasfollows:Hewantseveryonetocallhimafarmer.Hisbiography.Hispersonality.Hisdreams.ApioneerforallpeoplelargeheadingsHewantseveryonetocallhimafarmer.Ascientistworkstheland.Sunburntfaceandarms,slim,strongbody.Growhybridrice.Thefirstagriculturalpioneer.Hisbiography.In1931,hewasborn.In1953,hegraduatedanddevotedhislifetofindingwaystogrowrice.Lastyear,twentybilliontonsofricewasproduced.Now,DrYuaniscirculatinghiskownledge.HispersonalityHeissatisfiedwithhislife.Whyishesatisfiedwithhislife?Becausehedoesn’tlikemoneyandfame.Thefirstdream.Theseconddream.HisdreamsLanguagepointsforreading1Ifso=Ifyouhaveevergrownsomeplants.so表示“象那樣的，如前所說(shuō)的”，用于代替已陳述的事。如：canyoupasstheexam?Ihopeso.2.DrYuangrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice.袁博士種植了被人稱(chēng)作超級(jí)雜交水稻的稻谷。e.g.Idon’tquiteunderstandwhatyouareexplaining.PleasewatchwhatIamdoingcarefully.What=thething(s)that______theemperorsawwasquitedifferentfrom_______theoldministertoldhim.A.What,thatB.That,whatC.Which,thatD.All,all2.Itisprettywellunderstood_______controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how3.

Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduceone-thirdmoreofthecropinthesamefields.這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田地多收獲三分之一的產(chǎn)量。it在句中作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)為toproduce…,結(jié)構(gòu)為：動(dòng)詞（make,feel,think,regard…）+it+adj+todo.e.g.

WethinkitimportanttolearnEnglishwell.4.Borninapoorfarmer’sfamilyin1931,Dr.YuangraduatefromSouthwestAgricultureCollegein1953.

袁博士1931年出身于一個(gè)貧苦農(nóng)民的家庭，1953年畢業(yè)于西南農(nóng)學(xué)院。

graduaten.apersonwhohascompletedauniversitydegreecourse.畢業(yè)生undergraduate本科畢業(yè)生post-graduate碩士畢業(yè)生，研究生pleteaneducationalcourse.常跟介詞from，表示“畢業(yè)于”graduationn.畢業(yè)e.g.Afterhisgraduationfromcollege,hewenttoworkasanengineerinacompany.=Afterhegraduatedfromcollege,hewenttoworkasanengineerinacompany.Supplement:bachelor’sdegree學(xué)士學(xué)位master’sdegree碩士學(xué)位doctor’sdegree博士學(xué)位6.DrYuansearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestwithoutexpandingtheareaoffields.袁博士尋求一種在不擴(kuò)大種植面積的情況下提高水稻產(chǎn)量的方法。注意：search強(qiáng)調(diào)搜查，一般表示目標(biāo)明確范圍較小。searchsb

搜身；searchspl

搜查某地searchfor強(qiáng)調(diào)尋找，一般表示范圍較大。searchforsb

尋找某人e.g.Thepolicesearchedthewoodsforthelostchild.警察在樹(shù)林里尋找失蹤的小孩。Scientistsarestillsearchingforacuretothecommoncold.科學(xué)家們?nèi)匀辉趯ふ移胀ǜ忻暗闹委煼椒?。search/search

for/insearchof1.Theofficerwentup______________themurder.2.Thethievesare____________________thehiddentreasureinthemuseum.3.Birdsflytothesouth______________thewintersunshine.tosearch

searchingforinsearchof7.Thankstohisresearch,theUNistryingtoridtheworldofhunger.由于他的研究，聯(lián)合國(guó)正在努力清除世界饑餓。thanksto=becauseof;owingto

e.g.__________________________,wewonthegame.由于你的支持，我們贏得了比賽。Thankstoyoursupport8.Usinghishybridricefarmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.用他的雜交水稻種子，農(nóng)民們種出比以前多一倍的糧食。倍數(shù)詞（twice/half/threetimes/aquarteretc.）+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as…表示“是…的多少倍e.g.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolis___________________________intheirschool.我們學(xué)校學(xué)生的數(shù)量是他們學(xué)校的兩倍。twiceaslargeasthat9.However,hecareslittleaboutspendingthemoneyonhimselforleadingacomfortablelife.但是他很少想到要把錢(qián)花在自己的身上，或享受舒適的生活。leada…life過(guò)……生活。英語(yǔ)中少數(shù)動(dòng)詞，包括一些不及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)可能是與它同源的名詞類(lèi)似的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：diea…death,smilea…smile,dreama…dream,livea…life,sigha…sighetc.care(little/much)aboutbeconcernedabout關(guān)心，介意，后面跟從句時(shí)候，about常省略。careforlookafter照料；

likeorwant想要，喜歡e.g.AlbertEinsteindidn’tcaremuchaboutwhattowear.WouldyouhelptocareformypetwhileIamaway?10.DrYuanismoreofafarmerthanascientist.與其說(shuō)袁博士是一個(gè)科學(xué)家不如說(shuō)他是一個(gè)農(nóng)民。bemore

than=notonly不僅僅，超過(guò)e.g.Learningismorethanreading.bemoreof+A+than+ofB

與其說(shuō)是B還倒不如說(shuō)是Ae.g.Heismoreofanordinarypersonthan

ofaleader.Usefulstructure(30m)Theuseofthe-ingformThe–ingformastheSubject＆Object1．作主語(yǔ)

動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子有兩種形式：①動(dòng)名詞直接置于句首主語(yǔ)的位置上。1)捉弄?jiǎng)e人是我們?nèi)f萬(wàn)不能干的.Playingtricksonothersissomethingweshouldneverdo．2)學(xué)習(xí)新單詞對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)非常重要。

Learningnewwordsisveryimportantforme．3)說(shuō)比做容易。Talkingiseasierthandoing.②用形式主語(yǔ)it，把真正的主語(yǔ)——?jiǎng)用~結(jié)構(gòu)移置句尾。但這種句子形式有一定的限制，作表語(yǔ)的只能是某些形容詞或少數(shù)名詞，如useful，useless，good，fun；nouse，worth等。如：和夏洛克爭(zhēng)辯是沒(méi)有什么用的。ItisuselesstryingtoarguewithShylock．這事值得去做。

It’sworthmakingtheeffort．想再解釋一次有好處嗎?Isitanygoodtryingtoexplain?跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。Itispleasantworkingwithyou．③在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語(yǔ)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)的意思相當(dāng)于“Itisimpossibletodo…”。例如：若要人不知，除非己莫為。Thereisnohidingofevilbutnottodoit．這種事開(kāi)不得玩笑。

Hereisnojokingaboutsuchmatter.無(wú)法知道他什么時(shí)候離開(kāi)

Therewasnoknowingwhenhewouldleave.動(dòng)名詞與不定式做主語(yǔ)時(shí)的比較：動(dòng)名詞表示的動(dòng)作通常是一個(gè)泛指的動(dòng)作，不定式則通常表示具體的動(dòng)作。如：還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)侯，她就覺(jué)得探視病人是一種責(zé)任，也是一種愉悅。Asachild，shefeltthatvisitingsickpeoplewasadutyandapleasure．到美國(guó)人家里做客對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)將是一個(gè)極好的經(jīng)歷。BeingaguestinanAmericanhomewillbeagoodexperienceforme.一直不做就是作惡。Doingnothingisdoingill．他說(shuō)：“繼續(xù)這樣下去是無(wú)用的。”

Hesaid，“Togoonlikethisisnouse．”我很榮幸被邀請(qǐng)參加這個(gè)晚會(huì)。It’sanhonorformetobeinvitedtotheparty．歸納：常用-ing形式作主語(yǔ)的句型有：It+be+awasteoftimedoing做、、、是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的Itis/wasnogood/usedoing做、、、是沒(méi)用處的Itis/washardly/scarcelyworthdoing做、、、不值得Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing做、、、是值得的Thereisnodoing無(wú)法、、、，不允許、、、Thereisnosenseindoing做、、、沒(méi)有道理Thereis/wasnousedoing干、、、無(wú)意義Thereis/wasnothingworsethandoing沒(méi)有比、、、更糟的Thereis/wasnopointdoing干、、、無(wú)意義我們不知道要去哪兒。Therewasnoknowingwherewewouldgo.

做這件傻事毫無(wú)意義。Thereisnopointdoingsuchasillything.

注意：Thereisnoneedtodosth

干、、、沒(méi)必要，在此句式中todo不可換為doing..

沒(méi)有必要告訴她。Thereisnoneedtotellher.

提示：當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)由形容詞性物主代詞和名詞所有格構(gòu)成。我姐姐病了，使我很擔(dān)心。Mysister'sbeingillmadeweworried.你正確未必就意味著我錯(cuò)了。

Yourbeingrightdoesn'tnecessarilymeanmybeingwrong.2、用作賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)有兩種情況。一是有些動(dòng)詞只能后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)；二是有些動(dòng)詞既可后接動(dòng)名詞也可后接不定式作賓語(yǔ)。①只能后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，常見(jiàn)的有avoid，consider，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest，dislike，delay，escape，cannothelp，imagine，mind，miss，practise，cannotstand等。如：我不能不去。Ican’tavoidgoing．你是否考慮過(guò)找一位摯友?Haveyouconsideredlookingforonespecialfriend?我們必須設(shè)法避免犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。

Wemusttrytoavoidrepeatingthesamemistake．晚飯后你想和我一起散步嗎?

Doyoufeellikehavingawalkwithmeaftersupper?人們?nèi)滩蛔〕靶δ莻€(gè)愚蠢的人。

Peoplecouldn’thelplaughingfoolishman．

這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞還有：excuse，fancy，giveup，putoff，risk等。②既可接動(dòng)名詞又可接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，常見(jiàn)的有：begin，start，continue，like，love，prefer，by，mean，forget，remember，hate等?！．在like，love，hate，prefer等動(dòng)詞之后，用-ing或不定式意義上沒(méi)有什么不同，只是側(cè)重點(diǎn)有些不同，動(dòng)名詞表示泛指的動(dòng)作，不定式表示具體的一次性動(dòng)作。B．在begin/start，continue之后，用動(dòng)名詞和不定式，意義無(wú)甚區(qū)別，尤其是當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人的時(shí)候。C．在動(dòng)詞forget，remember，regret之后，用動(dòng)名詞與不定式意義不同。動(dòng)名詞表示動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)發(fā)生，不定式表示后于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作，如：我記得我已把信寄了。

Irememberpostingtheletter．我會(huì)記著去寄信的。

I’llremembertoposttheletter．我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記見(jiàn)到過(guò)那位著名作家。

Ishallneverforgetseeingthefamouswriter．不要忘了給你母親寫(xiě)信。Don’tforgettowritetoyourmother．我真后悔沒(méi)趕上那次報(bào)告會(huì)。

Iregretmissingthereport．我遺憾地告訴你我不能接受你的建議。

IregrettosayIcan’ttakeyouradvice．D．在try，mean之后，意義各不相同，如trytodo(設(shè)法)，trydoing(試試)，meantodo(打算，有意要做)，meandoing(意思是，意味著)。如：我們必須設(shè)法及時(shí)把一切搞好。

Wemusttrytogeteverythingdoneintime．我們用別的方法做這工作試試。

Let’strydoingtheworkinginsomeotherway．我并不想叫你生氣。Ididn’tmeantomakeyouangry．你的計(jì)劃意味著要花費(fèi)幾個(gè)小時(shí)。

Yourplanwouldmeanspendinghours．E·goondoing和goontodoGoondoing繼續(xù)做一直在做的事；goontodo接著做另一件事。如：請(qǐng)接著做這同一個(gè)練習(xí)。Pleasegoondoingthesameexercise．請(qǐng)做另外一個(gè)練習(xí)。Pleasegoontodotheotherexercise．F．stopdoing與stoptodo:Stopdoing停止做，stoptodo停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如：我們停止了交談。Westoppedtalking．我們停了下來(lái)去談話。

Westoppedtotalk．3．作介詞賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞可與介詞一起構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)。

A．介詞+動(dòng)名詞，如：我們得想些法子改變?nèi)藗兊牧?xí)慣。We’vegottothinkofwaysofchangingpeople’shabits.我向你道歉，剛才對(duì)你那樣生氣。Iapologizeforbeingsoangrywithyou.離開(kāi)幾年之后再回到你生長(zhǎng)的地方，感覺(jué)有點(diǎn)怪。

Afterbeingawayforseveralyears，itisastrangeexperiencetoreturntotheplaceyouwerebornandbroughtup．

B．動(dòng)詞+介詞+動(dòng)名詞，如：我堅(jiān)持為這次出行帶足需要的食物。

Iinsistontakingpro