上外課件：Unit 01-A (第六冊,英語綜合教程,外教社)

Unit1

TechnologyinReverse

TextExplanationPartIAbouttheAuthorRobertJacobSamuelson(bornDecember23,1945)isacontributingeditorofNewsweekandTheWashingtonPostwherehehaswrittenaboutbusinessandeconomicissuessince1977.Hiscolumnsappearinbothpublications.HisarticlesalsoappearintheLosAngelesTimes,TheBostonGlobe,andotherinfluentialnewspapers.TextStructureSection1:

Paragraph1Section2:Paragraphs2-4Section3:Paragraph5Section4:Paragraph6Section5:

Paragraph7Section6:Paragraph8Section7:Paragraph9Section8:Paragraphs10-11TextAnalysisInPara1theauthordefines"retardedtechnology.InPara2-4hecomparese-bookswith"old-fashioned"booksinanattempttoshowthedisadvantagesoftheformer.Para5offersathirdexamplethatprovesthat"retardedtechnologycreatesnewandexpensivewaysofdoingthingsthatwereoncedonesimplyandinexpensively".Para6expressestheauthor'sdoubtaboutthepro-technologytheory.Para7classifiestechnologicalinnovationsaseitherusefulorwasteful.Parag8exploresthereasonwhypeoplearefrivolousaboutretardedtechnology.Para9implieshowpeopledenytheirfrivolity.Para10-11providetheconclusionParagraph1Bycontrast,retardedtechnologycreatesnewandexpensivewaysofdoingthingsthatwereoncedonesimplyandinexpensively.Worse,itencouragesustodothingsthatdon'tneeddoingatall.Ithasmade

waste

respectable,elaborate,alluringandevenfun.retard(v.)slowthegrowthordevelopmentof,causetomovemoreslowlyoroperateataslowerrateColdweatherretardsthegrowthofthecrops.寒冷的天氣妨礙了莊稼生長。Lackofsunretardsplantgrowth.光照不足則植物生長緩慢。retarded(adj.)relativelyslowinmentaloremotionalorphysicaldevelopment

efficiently(adv.)inanefficientmannerefficient+ly---efficientlyantonym:deficientlyThepolicehandlethetrafficveryefficiently.警察把交通管得井井有條。Inordertoefficientlymanagesuchextensivequantityofdata,theprogramofferanotherexcitingnewfeature.為了高效地管理這么大量的數(shù)據(jù)，程序提供了另外一個令人激動的新特征。effective,efficienteffective:有效用的。Histeachingwasnotveryeffective.他的教學(xué)效果不好。//Thenewinterestratebecomeseffectivenextmonth.新的利率下個月開始生效//Thismedicine,takenintime,canbeveryeffective.這種藥如果及時吃會很有效。//Myheadacheismuchbetter.Thosetabletsreallyareeffective.我的頭疼好多了，那些藥片的確很有效。efficient:效率高的，(可指人)。Heneedsanefficientsecretary他需要一個高效率的秘書。//Thedieselengineishighlyefficient.這臺柴油機效率很高。//Ourefficientnewmachinesaremuchcheapertorun.我們高效率的新機器開起來要便宜得多。respectable(adj.)characterizedbyproperbehaviororconventionalconduct;worthyofrespect//deservingofesteemandrespect//largeinamountorextentordegreeIt'snotrespectabletobedrunkonthestreet.在大街上醉倒是不體面的。Heisarespectableman.他是個受人尊敬的人。Westillhavearepsectableamountoffoodsupply.我們的食物還相當(dāng)充足。elaborate(v.)adddetails,astoanaccountoridea;clarifythemeaningofanddiscourseinalearnedway,usuallyinwriting;(adj.)markedbycomplexityandrichnessofdetail;developedorexecutedwithcareandinminutedetailOrthodoxChristianchurchesoftenhaveelaboratesteeples.傳統(tǒng)的基督教堂都有精致的尖塔。Thecurtainshadanelaboratepatternofflowers窗簾上繪有精美的花卉圖案。Whatyou'vetoldmeofyourplansoundsmostinteresting;wouldyoucaretoelaborateit?你給我講的這個計劃很有意思，你能詳細地談一談嗎？alluring(adj.)activeorexcitingYetanotherofPluto'salluringfeaturesisitsbizarreatmosphere.冥王星另一誘人的特色，是其詭異的大氣層。IfNature'sparadisesoundsalluring,makeapointofvisitingSouthIsland.如果大自然中的天堂聽起來讓你覺得有吸引力，那么別忘了到南島去玩一玩。Paragraph2Ontheonehand,youcanbuya$900or$9,000book-readingcomputerthatyoucanfeedwith$20discsofyourfavoritebooks.Ifyoutakeittothebeach,itgetscloggedwithsand.Ifitslipsoffthekitchencounter,itsamshes.boom(n.)astateofeconomicprosperity;(v.)growstrongerTheeconomywasbooming.Theaftermathofthewarwasnotaboom,butaruraldepression.戰(zhàn)爭的結(jié)果不是繁榮和興旺，而是農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的不景氣。Thebabyboomcreatedabulgeinschoolenrollment.生育高峰造成學(xué)校入學(xué)人數(shù)的暴漲。customized(adj.)madeaccordingtorequirements;madeaccordingtothespecificationsofanindividualThecompanyprovidescustomizedprocessingofvariousexternalaccessories.本公司對外提供定制加工各種配件。Thewordcustomizedreferstoaproduct/servicewhichismadetoacustomer'sspecification.“定做”一詞指的是按照顧客要求的規(guī)格制作產(chǎn)品或提供服務(wù)。swell

(adj.)verygoodorpleasant;(v.)increaseinsize,magnitude,number,orintensityHereisanswellideaofretardedtechnology!Addalittleoiltothepan,continuetobakeuntiltheeggsinsidethecakeswell.在鍋里加一點油，繼續(xù)烘烤直到里面的雞蛋膨脹開來。cumbersome(adj.)difficulttohandleoruseespeciallybecauseofsizeorweight;notelegantorgracefulinexpressionIt'srathercumbersomehavingtocarryallthesecasesaround.把這些箱子都帶著走動是件相當(dāng)麻煩的事。Yourarticleistoocumbersome.Lopoffthoserepeatedandemptywords.你的文章太冗長了。把那些重復(fù)的，空洞的話都刪掉。clogbecomeorcausetobecomeobstructed;impedethemotionof,aswithachainoraburdenDon'tclog(up)yourmindwithuselessinformation.不要讓你的頭腦被無用的訊息所阻礙。"Additonally,"besuretouseskin-careproductsthatwon'tclogyourpores.另外“你要確定你用的護膚產(chǎn)品不會堵塞你的毛孔?！眘mashbreakintopieces,asbystrikingorknockingover;hitviolentlyIncaseofemergency,smashtheglasscoverandpressthebutton.遇到緊急情況時，擊碎玻璃罩并摁下按鈕。TheBeatleshadmoresmashhitsthananyrockbandinhistory.披頭四是有史以來出最多暢銷歌曲的搖滾樂隊。Paragraph3Ontheotherhand,youcanbuyanold-fashionedbook.Ifyoudon'tlikeit,youcanstopreadingwithouthatingyourselfforeverbuyingit.Lostingitisnotatraumatizingevent.fragiledurableexistingforalongtime;verylonglastingItcallsforadurablesolutioninthearea.在該地區(qū)需要一個持久的解決方法。Wemustmakeadurablepeace.我們必須締造持久的和平。

PresidentBushstressedonceagainthatwhilehewouldliketoseetheviolenceend,anycease-firemustbedurableandrespectedbyall.布什總統(tǒng)再次強調(diào)，雖然他希望暴力沖突結(jié)束，但是任何?；鸨仨毷悄軌虺志玫?，而且受到所有各方的尊重。traumatize(v.)inflictatraumaupontrauma(n.)anyphysicaldamagetothebodycausedbyviolenceoraccidentorfractureetc.//anemotionalwoundorshockoftenhavinglong-lastingeffectsOkwellhaveyouthoughtabouthowthiscouldtraumatizeBenandCarol?好吧！你有沒有想過這會傷害本和卡羅爾的心？Thesepeoplehastheserioustraumaduetotheearthquake.這些人因為地震受到嚴重的精神創(chuàng)傷。Paragraph4Thepro-technologycomebackisthatcomputerswillsomedaycompressentirelibrariesontochipsordiscsand,thereby,openvastvistasofinformationtoalmostanyone.Finally,there'scommonsense:domostpeoplereallyneedaccessto,say,theentirecollectionoftheNewYorkPulblicLibrary?compressmakemorecompactbyorasifbypressing;squeezeorpresstogetherTheyusedanaircompressortotakeinatmosphericair,compressit,andforceitintothecabin.他們用一臺空氣壓縮機把大氣中的空氣吸進來，加以壓縮，然后送入船艙。Itcanbeusedtocompressapackage,makingmorecargofitinacarrier.它可以用來壓緊包裹，使得一件行李中裝進更多的東西。vistathevisualperceptofaregionHecouldseethroughthewindowsavistaofgreenfields.透過窗戶他可以看到碧綠的田野風(fēng)光。Thisdiscoveryopenupnewvistaofresearchforbiologist.這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為生物學(xué)家展示了新的研究前景。Thedaysstretchoutinanendlessvista.時日在無窮的展望中延展著.arithmetic(n.)thebranchofpuremathematicsdealingwiththetheoryofnumericalcalculations,算術(shù)(adj.)relatingtoorinvolvingarithmeticOthermathematicsbranches:Algebra代數(shù),Geometry幾何,

Calculous

微積分,simultaneously(adv.)atthesameinstantOnlyhumanshaveabrainbigenoughtodothissimultaneouslyanddoitwell.只有人類的腦袋夠大，同時去做這多樣?xùn)|西，而且做得很好。Everythingintheuniverseexistsatonetimesimultaneously.宇宙中的一切在一個時間內(nèi)同時存在。Thismakespeoplealmostreceiveinformationsimultaneouslyorintime.這使人們幾乎得以同時或即刻收到訊息。terminalelectronicequipmentconsistingofadeviceprovidingaccesstoacomputer;hasakeyboardanddisplay終端；stationwheretransportvehiclesloadorunloadpassengersorgoods終點"DatasentbetweentheTerminalserverandtheclientcanbeencryptedforsecurity."終端服務(wù)器和客戶端之間發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)可以加密以確保安全。YourTerminalServerclientlicensenumberiscurrentlybeingusedbyanotheruser.你的終端服務(wù)器客戶許可證目前正在被另一個用戶使用。bottleneck(n.)thenarrowpartofabottlenearthetop;anarrowingthatreducestheflowthroughachannel;(v.)slowdownorimpedebycreatinganobstructionHislazinesshasbottleneckedoureffortstoreformthesystem..Howeveritisthebottleneckthatrestrainsmedicalimageapplicationinclinicalpractice.accesstherighttoenter;therighttoobtainormakeuseofortakeadvantageofsomething(asservicesormembership);awayofenteringorleavingCheckyouraccesspermissionsonthisresource.檢查您對該資源的訪問權(quán)限。Thiswizardwillletyouchangeaccesstoasharedfolder.使用該向?qū)Э筛膶蚕砦募A的訪問權(quán)限。Thisresortiseasilyaccessiblebyroad,railandair.Paragraph5Insteadofa10-centpressreleasethattooktwodaystoprepareand29centstomail,Igeta$4.50tapethatcost$2tomailandtwomonthstoprepare.ToviewthemwouldrequirefindingaVCRandwastingfiveto10minuteswatching.bombardthrowbombsatorattackwithbombs;addresswithcontinuouslyorpersistently,asifwithabarrageThereportersbombardthepresidentwithquestionsabouthiseconomicpolicy.新聞記者提出許多有關(guān)經(jīng)濟政策的問題圍攻總統(tǒng)Thenewjournalisbombardedwithlettersofcriticismfromthesubscribers.訂閱者的批評信使這份新雜志感到措手不及。promotionaloforrelatingtoservingaspublicity;oforrelatingtoadvancementPerhapsIcouldsendyousomepromotionalmaterialonHangzhou.也許我可以給你寄一些介紹杭州的旅游資料。Bettyproposedanewpromotionaladcampaignthatshouldboostsales.貝蒂提出了一個新的可以推進銷售的獎勵性廣告活動。tosstheactofflippingacoin;tothrowsomethingcarelesslytossandturn翻來覆去難以入睡；輾轉(zhuǎn)反側(cè)Iwouldtossthemintothesea.我會把它們統(tǒng)統(tǒng)地扔進大海。Let'stossupwhoplaysfirst.我們來擲硬幣決定誰先玩吧。Elsewhere,itisatoss-up.在別處，這是碰運氣的事。Paragraph6Iamnotabouttoarguethatalltechnologyisbad.Oursisaneraofconspicuoustechnologicalupheaval.Butthepurportedgainsofnewtechnology--risingincomes,greaterproductivity--seemtoeludeus....thecomputerrevolution,whosefullbenefitswillsoonburstuponus.conspicuousobvioustotheeyeormind;withoutanyattemptatconcealment;completelyobviousHewasconspicuousamonghiscolleagues.他在同事中是出類拔萃的。Thebuildingisconspicuousforitsstyle.這個建筑風(fēng)格獨特，很顯眼。Onlyunderthedualguidanceofschoolandfamilycanconspicuouseffectsbeachieved.只有在學(xué)校和家長的雙重引導(dǎo)下,才能產(chǎn)生顯著的效果。upheavalastateofviolentdisturbanceanddisorder(asinpoliticsorsocialconditionsgenerally);aviolentdisturbanceMassunemploymentmayleadtosocialupheaval.大批失業(yè)會導(dǎo)致社會動亂。ItwasfacedwiththegreatestsocialupheavalsinceWorldWarll.它面臨第二次世界大戰(zhàn)以來最大的社會動亂。Manyyearsago,Johnsonfacedamajorupheavalinhislife.許多年前，約翰遜遭遇生命中的劇變。purportedcommonlyputforthoracceptedastrueoninconclusivegroundsApurportedbiographyofhimisafake.“所謂的有關(guān)他的傳記是偽造的?！盩heletterpurportedtobefromthegovernor.據(jù)稱,該信來自州長。purport(v.)proposeorintendHisplansarenotwhattheypurporttobe.他的計劃并不如他們所聲稱的那樣。eludeescape,eitherphy