高考英語復(fù)習(xí)：非謂語動(dòng)詞一

高考語法復(fù)習(xí)系列八非謂語動(dòng)詞一、非謂語動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn)1、謂語動(dòng)詞與非謂語動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別；2、非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語和表語；3、非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語；4、非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)；

5.非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語6、非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語；7、非謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)。非謂語動(dòng)詞要記住三句話：不定式表將來，表目的。動(dòng)詞ing表主動(dòng)進(jìn)行。動(dòng)詞ed表被動(dòng)完成。三、謂語動(dòng)詞與非謂語動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別高考題點(diǎn)擊：1.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid_____tothenotice.(93N)A.angrilypointing B.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointed D.andangrilypointing2.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage____thegirlandtookheraway,____intothewoods.（04上海春季）

A.seizing..,disappearedB.seized..,disappearedC.seizing,disappearingD.seized,disappearing兩個(gè)動(dòng)作之間用

and

連接稱為并列謂語，并列謂語需注意兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞的形式的一致性，故B、D皆錯(cuò)；不用and連接時(shí)稱之為狀語，只能用非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，故C錯(cuò)。seized

和took

是并列謂語，disappearing是伴隨狀語。此題的關(guān)鍵是and

的位置，如果and

在disappear

前，則三個(gè)動(dòng)詞并列。AD四、不定式和動(dòng)名詞作主語和表語高考題點(diǎn)擊：

1.Fishingishisfavoritehobby,and_____.(01上海)A.he’dliketocollectcoinsaswellB.hefeelslikecollectingcoins,tooC.tocollectcoinsisalsohishobbyD.collectingcoinsalsogiveshimgreatpleasure2.It’snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview.____theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.(05北京卷)A.TohavehadB.HavinghadC.HaveD.Having在and連接的并列句中，兩個(gè)主語最好要保持一致的形式。動(dòng)名詞fishing和collectingcoins分別作兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句的主語。這句話的意思為“釣魚是他的愛好，集郵也給他帶來極大的樂趣?！盌D非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語時(shí)要注意以下兩個(gè)重要問題：第一是并行結(jié)構(gòu)問題，如：Seeingisbelieving./Toseeistobelieve.第二需要注意一些結(jié)構(gòu)：A)在It’snouse(good;value;importance)等結(jié)構(gòu)中只用動(dòng)名詞作主語。如：It’snousequarrellingwithsuchafellow.

注意比較：There’snoneedtotellhimaboutit.B)在It’s+adj.結(jié)構(gòu)中都用不定式作主語。注意兩種句型：

It’seasy(difficult,hard,important,possible,impossible,

comfortable,necessary,better;thefirst,thenext,thelast,

thebest,toomuch,toolittle,notenough)后加forsb.todoIt’skind(nice,stupid,rude,clever,foolish,thoughtful,

thoughtless,brave,considerate(考慮周到的),silly,

selfish(自私的))后加ofsb.todoeg.Ilike

,butIdon’tliketoskatetoday.

Playingwithfireisdangerous.Mydreamistobeateacher.Hishobbyiscollectingstamps..動(dòng)名詞作表語和作主語能互換。不定式作表語在表示“目的、愿望、夢(mèng)想、需求”之后。

主語、表語。1.todo表示具體的動(dòng)作，-ingform表示泛指的動(dòng)作。skating五、非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語

高考題點(diǎn)擊：

1.Weagreed_____herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.(95N)A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeet D.tohavemet2.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_____tomynewjob.(00N)A.expected B.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expectsCB注意2：動(dòng)詞know,show等常帶疑問詞加todo作賓語。不定式作賓語，請(qǐng)牢記下面的口決決心學(xué)會(huì)想希望，拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝．主動(dòng)答應(yīng)選計(jì)劃，同意請(qǐng)求幫一幫．僅帶不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：determine／decide,learn,want,expect/long/wish/hope,refuse,manage,bewilling,pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,ask/beg,help.此外，還有，afford,strive,happen,wait.3.Ireallyappreciate_____torelaxwithyouonthisniceisland.(01上海)A.tohavehadtime B.havingtime C.tohavetime D.tohavingtimeB動(dòng)名詞作賓語的口決；考慮建議盼原諒，承認(rèn)推遲沒得想．避免錯(cuò)過繼續(xù)練，否認(rèn)完成就欣賞．禁止想象才冒險(xiǎn)，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡．consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto/excuse/pardon;admitdelay/putoff,fancy,avoidMiss,keepon,pratice,deny,finish,appreciate

/enjoy,forbid,imagine,risk,can’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape

但如果在allowadvisepermitforbid后提到有關(guān)的人，就只能用不定式作賓補(bǔ)。在動(dòng)詞want,need,require,demand等詞后加動(dòng)名詞作賓語時(shí)表示被動(dòng)意義，相當(dāng)于tobedone。4.---Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.---Well,nowIregret_____that.(95N)A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone5.---Letmetellyousomethingaboutthejournalists.---Don’tyouremember_____methestoryyesterday?(99上海)A.told B.telling C.totell tohavetold6.InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans_____foranotherhour.(02上海春季)A.waiting B.towait C.waitD.tobewaitingDBA特別注意帶不定式和動(dòng)名詞作賓語時(shí)意義不同的動(dòng)詞：

remember,forget,regret,try,goon,mean,stop，can’thelptodo不能幫助做某事，doingsth,情不自禁地做某事．7.Howaboutthetwoofus___awalkdownthegarden?(93N)A.totake B.take C.taking D.tobetaking8.---Imustapologizefor_____aheadoftime.---That’sallright.(94N)A.lettingyounotknow B.notlettingyouknowC.lettingyouknownot D.lettingnotyouknow9.Sandycoulddonothingbut_____tohisteacherthathewaswrong.(01上海春季)A.admit B.admitted C.admitting D.toadmitCBA介詞的賓語一般都用動(dòng)名詞，但有三個(gè)介詞but(except)/than/beabout后要接不定式作賓語。如：Ihavenochoicebuttostudy.10.Ratherthan____onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers____abicycle.(94N)A.ride…ride B.riding…ride C.ride…toride D.toride…riding注意prefer的幾個(gè)常用句型：prefertodosth.thandosth.preferdoingsth.todoingsth.prefer+n.to+n.C六。不定式與動(dòng)名詞作定語Hehasgotalotofquestions

.A.tobeaskedB.toaskHeisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.awaitingroom,areadingroom，adininghall.因此動(dòng)名詞作定語表用途。七。不定式和動(dòng)名詞作賓補(bǔ)高考題點(diǎn)擊：

Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_____.(95N)A.notto B.nottodo C.nottoit D.donottoA為了避免重復(fù)，常用省略形式to來代替前面的動(dòng)作。如：Wouldyouliketovisitourschool?Yes,I’dliketo.有些動(dòng)詞后面需要用不定式作賓補(bǔ)，除tell外，常見的還有：advise

allow

cause

consider

encourageforbid

forceintend

order

permit

persuade

remind

request

require

urgewarnaskwishwant等特別注意：

hope,agree,demand,suggest等沒有賓補(bǔ)。2.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade_____.Healwaysworkshard.(95N)A.learn B.tolearn C.learned D.learning3.Acomputerdoesonlywhatthinkingpeople___.(99上海)A.haveitdo B.haveitdone C.havedoneit D.havingitdone使役動(dòng)詞make/have/letsb.dosth.但改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)后，則應(yīng)為：bemade/lettodo。注意其它不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式的用法。此句中的it指代的是acomputer，what在從句中作do的賓語，表示“人們讓計(jì)算機(jī)所做的事“應(yīng)該用…peoplehaveacomputerdo…這一結(jié)構(gòu)。需要注意的是have的幾個(gè)常用結(jié)構(gòu)：havesb./sth.do…;havesb./sth.done…;havesb./sth.doing…;havesb./sth.todoBA11.Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_____someschoolsforpoorchildren.(01上海春季)A.setupB.settingup C.havesetupD.havingsetup12.---Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?---Thekey_____theproblemistomeetthedemand_____bythecustomers.(02北京)A.tosolving…making B.tosolving…madeC.tosolve…making D.tosolve…madeBB要特別注意to的詞性，分析其為介詞還是不定式。admitto，beaccustomedto習(xí)慣于，beusedto，stickto，turnto，devoteoneselfto，bedevotedto，lookforwardto，payattentionto,getdownto等作賓補(bǔ)的注意點(diǎn)１.吾看三室兩廳一感覺．即：see/watch/observe,notice／lookat,let/make/have,,listento/hear,.Feel.如：IhearedhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.(主動(dòng)，完成）IheardhersingingwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.I’dliketoseetheplancarriedout.have/get作賓補(bǔ)的情況Ihad/gotmybikerepairedyesterdayMymotherhad/let/mademecleantheroom.Ihadthemachinerunningallthemorning.Mothergotmetogototheshopandbuysomesalt.Leave的用法：leavesb.doing/sth.undone/sb.todosth/sth.tobedone.It’swrongofyoutoleavethemachinerunning.Weendedourmeeting,leavingmanyproblemstobesettled.八、不定式作狀語高考題點(diǎn)擊：

1.---Mum,whydoyoualwaysmakemeeataneggeveryday?---_____enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.(99上海)A.Get B.Getting C.Toget D.Tobegetting2._____lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.(01北京春季)A.Tosleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.HavingsleptHesearchedtheroomonlytofindnothing.不定式與only連用,通常表示相反或出乎意料之外的結(jié)果,而現(xiàn)在分詞表示意料之中的結(jié)果.Theyliftedarockonly__itontheirownfeet.A.dropB.droppedC.droppingD.todropAD六.考查不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)動(dòng)詞不定式有時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)變化,以動(dòng)詞為例,看下表:Robertissaid___abroad,butIdon`tknowwhichcountryhestudiedin.A.tostudyB.tohavestudiedC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudyingHavingatripiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains___whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seenHeclaimed(聲稱)___inthesupermarketwhenhewasdoingshoppingyesterday.A.beingbadlytreatedB.treatingbadlyC.tobebadlytreatedD.tohavebeenbadlytreated---DidyouseeTom?Hesaidhewouldcomebackforsupperatsixo`clock.--Heseems___withBobinthelake.A.toswimB.tobeswimmingC.tohaveswumD.swimming非謂語動(dòng)詞的否定形式Not+todo/-ingformHedecidednottodoit.Shewishednevertoseehimagain.Ifancyithasdoneyoualotofgoodnotgoing.NotseeingJohn,Iaskedwherehewas.Nothavingdoneitright,Itriedagain.1.Doyoumindopeningthedoor?2.Goingtheresavedusagooddealoftrouble.3.Beinglateagainmadetheteacherangry.→Doyoumindme/myopening…→Tom’sgoingtheresavedusagood…→Hisbeinglateagainmade…說出-ingform動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，須用復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu).ingform的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)1.形容詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格+ingform2.代詞賓格/名詞+ingform↗主語→表語↘賓語→賓語1.Icannotunderstand_____suchawell-paidjob.A.himtogiveup B.himtohavegivenupC.hisgivingup D.hisbeinggivenup2.Jane’ssummervacationinEnglandledto_____anEnglishman.hermarry B.hertomarry C.herbeingmarried D.hermarrying3.Shewassadbecauseof_____anychanceleft.therebeingnot B.therenotbeing C.nottherebeing D.therewasnot4.Ifyouthinkaletteristooslow,whynot_____atelegram?A.trytohavesent B.tryingtosend C.totrytosend D.trysending5.Thereisnochance_____himtoday.A.inseeing B.toseeing C.ofseeing D.aboutseeing6.Iknowyoulike_____.Wouldyoulike_____withmenow?A.toswim,toswim B.swimming,swimmingC.swimming,toswim D.toswim,swimming7.Before_____,themachinemustbechecked.A.beingused B.usingit C.beingusedto D.using8.Togiveup_____means_____.smoking,stoppingsmoking B.smoking,tostopsmokingC.tosmoke,tostoptosmoke D.tosmoke,stoppingtosmoke9.—Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?—Oh,excellent.It’sworth_____asecondtime.A.toread B.reading C.toberead D.beingread10.“Whathasmadeyousoupset?”“________mynewbike.”A.Lost B.Becauseoflosing C.SinceIlost D.Losing11.Istillremember_____toBeijingwhenIwassix.totake B.takingC.havingtaking D.havingbeentaken12.Someforeignerusedto_____ontheleftintheirowncountries,butnowtheyhavegotusedto_____ontherightinourcountry.A.driving,drive B.drive,drive C.drive,driving D.driving,driving13.Heremained____there,forhegrew____inmanythingsthere.staying,interesting