上海市張堰中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

上海市張堰中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.FinallyIgottomygrandmother’shomeonfoot.

Really?You______aridethere.A.couldhavetaken

B.couldtakeC.shouldn’thavetaken

D.musthavetaken參考答案：A試題分析：考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣?！捌渌麆?dòng)詞+havedone”既可以表示對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，也可以表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的推測(cè)。短語(yǔ)couldhavedone本可以做某事，實(shí)際上卻沒(méi)有做；shouldn'thavedone本不應(yīng)該做某事，實(shí)際上卻做了；musthavedone一定做了某事，表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的肯定推測(cè)。句意：—最終我步行到了奶奶家?！娴膯幔磕惚究梢宰?chē)去那里的。根據(jù)句意可知A正確。【名師點(diǎn)睛】“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have+done”是歷年高考的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)之一，現(xiàn)將其用法總結(jié)歸納如下：一、“must+have+done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定推測(cè)，譯成“一定做過(guò)某事”，該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句。1.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨晚一定下雨了，因?yàn)榈孛孢€是濕的。2.Youmusthavebeenmadtospeaktotheservant.你和仆人說(shuō)話，一定是發(fā)瘋了。二、“can't+have+done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的否定推測(cè)，譯成“不可能做過(guò)某事”。1.Mr.Smithcan'thavegonetoBeijing,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我剛才還在圖書(shū)館見(jiàn)過(guò)他。2.Marycan'thavestolenyourmoney.Shehasgonehome.瑪麗不可能偷你的錢(qián)，她回家去了。三、“can+have+done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的懷疑，用于疑問(wèn)句，譯成“可能做過(guò)……嗎？”。1.Thereisnolightintheroom.Cantheyhavegoneout?屋里沒(méi)有燈，他們可能出去了嗎？2.Thereisnowheretofindthem.Wherecantheyhavegone?到處找不到他們，他們可能到什么地方去呢？四、“could+have+done”是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的假設(shè)，意思是本來(lái)能夠做某事而沒(méi)有做。Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewastoocareless.本來(lái)他能夠通過(guò)考試，但是他太粗心。五、“may+have+done”表示對(duì)發(fā)生過(guò)的事情的推測(cè)，意思是“可能已經(jīng)”或“也許已經(jīng)”，用于肯定句中。—WhathashappenedtoGeorge?—Idon'tknow.Hemayhavegotlost.—喬治發(fā)生了什么事？——我不知道，他可能迷路了。六、“might+have+done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的推測(cè)，might與may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)中。1.Hemighthavegivenyoumorehelp,eventhoughhewasbusy.(MET90)他或許會(huì)多給你一些幫助，即使他很忙。2.Shemighthaveachievedgreaterprogress,ifyouhadgivenhermorechances.如果你多給她點(diǎn)機(jī)會(huì)，她可能已經(jīng)取得更大的成績(jī)。七、“would+have+done”虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的假設(shè)，意思是“本來(lái)會(huì)做”。1.Iwouldhavetoldyouallabouttheboy'sstory,butyoudidn'taskme.我本來(lái)會(huì)告訴你這個(gè)小男孩的故事，但是你沒(méi)有問(wèn)我。2.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldn'thaveachievedsomuch.沒(méi)有你的幫助，我是不會(huì)取得如此大的成績(jī)。八、“should+have+done”意思是“本來(lái)應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際沒(méi)做?！薄皊houldn't+have+done”表示本來(lái)不應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際做了。含有指責(zé)對(duì)方或自責(zé)的含意。1.Tom,youaretoolazy.Theworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.湯姆，你太懶惰了，這項(xiàng)工作本來(lái)應(yīng)該昨天就做完的。2.Look,Tomiscrying.Ishouldn'thavebeensoharshonhim.看，湯姆哭了，我本來(lái)不應(yīng)該對(duì)他如此嚴(yán)厲。九、“oughtto+have+done”表示過(guò)去應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際并沒(méi)有做，譯成“理應(yīng)做……”，往往表示遺憾。與“should+have+done”用法基本一樣。IoughttohavegonehomelastSunday.我理應(yīng)上星期日回家。Yououghtnottohavegivenhimmorehelp.你不應(yīng)該幫助他那么多。十、“need+have+done”表示本來(lái)需要做某事而沒(méi)有做。“needn't+have+done”則表示“本來(lái)不需要做某事而做了”。Ineedn'thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.我本來(lái)沒(méi)有必要買(mǎi)這么多酒，只來(lái)了五個(gè)人。Heneedhavehurriedtothestation.Inthatcase,bewouldn'thavemissedthetrain.他本來(lái)需要快點(diǎn)去車(chē)站，那樣的話，他就不會(huì)誤了火車(chē)。2.Theyhave_________aplanforreducingthedailyoutcome,whichisquitepractical.A.putoff

B.putaway

C.putdown

D.putforward參考答案：D3.Wehadabig_______yesterday,soIturnedmybacktohimandleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.A.comment

B.statement

C.announcement

D.argument參考答案：D4.WhywasHughoutofbreathwhenwemethim?He_____forthreehours.A.hasjogged

B.wasjogging

C.hadbeenjogging

D.hasbeenjogging參考答案：C5.Hisresearchhas___________mostofhistime,buthehasenjoyedit.

A.takenoff

B.takenup

C.takendown

D.takenaway參考答案：B6.Thetraditionis__________studentsthemselveshavetoraisethemoneytopayfortheirpromA.what

B.whenC.that

D.whether參考答案：C考查名詞性從句。此處為表語(yǔ)從句，從句句子成分齊全，應(yīng)使用只起連接作用的代詞that引導(dǎo)。句意：這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)是學(xué)生們自己為他們的班級(jí)舞會(huì)籌集資金。故選C。7.Hewarnedme________goingoutsidealoneatnight.A．a(chǎn)gainst

B．ofC．a(chǎn)bout

D．for參考答案：Awarnsb.againstdoingsth.“警告某人不要做某事”。8.—Whydoesthelakesmellterrible?

—Becauselargequantitiesofwater______.

A.havepolluted

B.isbeingpolluted

C.hasbeenpolluted

D.havebeenpolluted參考答案：D略9.參考答案：C略10.Itremainstobeseen_____thenewlyformedpolicycanbeputintopractice.A.whether

B.that

C.what

D.which參考答案：A11.Iwonderwhatdifficultyhehad______theproject.A.carryingout

B.tocarryout

C.carriedout

D.tobecarriedout參考答案：A12.Wouldyoukindlytellme______?

A.howcanIgettotheSecondHospital

B.howIcangettotheSecondHospitalC.whereIcangettotheSecondHospital

D.whethercanIgettotheSecondHospital參考答案：B略13.Withtrees,flowersandgrass

everywhere,Meizhouhastakenonanewlook.A.

planting

B.planted

C.toplant

D.tobeplanted參考答案：B略14.

Whoisitthatismakingsomuchnoiseupstairs?

______thestudentspreparingfortheNewYear’sParty.

A.Thereare

B.Theyare

C.Itis

D.Thatis參考答案：C15.______hisoverseasstudy,hewaseventuallyemployedbyhisdreamcompany.

A.CompletingB.TocompleteC.CompletedD.Havingcompleted參考答案：D16.TheChinesescientistsclaimed_______acureforthedisease．A．havingdiscovered

B．discoveringC．tohavediscovered

D．thattheydiscover參考答案：C考查動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式作賓語(yǔ)。句意：中國(guó)科學(xué)家聲稱已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了治療這種疾病的方法。固定搭配：claimtodosth.“聲稱”，此處動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作discover先于claim的動(dòng)作，所以用動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式，故答案為C。17.Weshouldproducefewerthingsfromrawmaterials,

thesupplyisgrowingsmallerandsmaller.A.whose B.ofwhich C.where D.withwhich參考答案：B18.theteacherpraisedmefor____progressIhadmade,whichwas_____greatencouragementtome.A.the;/

B.the;a

.C./;

a

D./;/參考答案：B二、短文改錯(cuò)19.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞。2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。EverymorningStevewenttoworkbytrain.Ashehasalongtrip,healwaysbuysnewspaper.Ithelpsmakethetimepassingmorequickly.OneTuesdaymorning,heturnedoverthesportspage.Hewantedtoseethereportaboutanimportantfootballmatchthenightbefore.Thereportwassointerestingthatheforgottogetoffathisstation.Hedidnotknowitunlesshesawthesea.Hegotoffatthenextstation,buthadtowaitalongtimeforatraintogoback.Itwasnodoubtthathearrivedlateattheoffice.HisbosswasangrywhenSievetoldtohimwhyhewaslate.“Workisveryimportantthanfootball!”heshouted.參考答案：1.went→goes

2.newspaper前面加a

3.passing→pass

4.over→to5.see→read

6.unless→until

7.but–and

8.It改為T(mén)here9.去掉to

10.very→more三、閱讀理解20.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Therearemanycommonlyheldbeliefsabouteyeglassesandeyesightthatarenotprovedfacts.Forexample,somepeoplebelievethatwearingglassestoosoonweakentheeyes.Butthereisnothingtoshowthatthestructure(結(jié)構(gòu))ofeyesischangedbywearinggalssesatayoungage.Wearingthewronggalsses,however,canproveharmful.Studiesshowthatonlychildrencandeveloplossofsihgtiftheyhavethewrongglasses.Wehaveallheardsomeofthecommonmyths(荒誕的說(shuō)法)abouthoweyesightgetbad.Toolittlelightmakestheeyesworkharder,sotheydogettiredandstrained(過(guò)勞).Eyestrainalsoresulstsfromreadingalot,readinginbed,andwatchingtoomuchtelevision.But,althougheyestrainmaycausesomepainorheadaches,itdoesnotharmeyesightallthetime.Anothermythabouteyesisthattheycanbereplacedfromonepersontoanother.Itisquitedifficulttoconnectaneyeballtoanewbrain.Anditisimpossibletoreplaceawholeeyeballtoanewperson.Onlycertainpartsoftheeyecanbereplacednow.Butifwekeepclearingupthemythsandlearningmoreabouttheeyes,somedayitmaybepossibletoreplaceafulleyeball.69.Onecauseofeyestrainmentionedinthepassageis____.

.A.wearingeyeglassestoolong

B.goingtothecinemasC.readingalot

D.notvisitingyoureyedoctor70.Fromthispassageonecanconcludethat____.

.A.doctorsarestilllearningthingsabouteyesight

B.headcachesareusuallycausedbyeyestainC.peopleshouldwearglassesassoonaspossible

D.peopleonlybelievethingsthatareprovedfacts71."Commonlyheldbeliefs"are____.

.A.ideasthatonlylowclasspeoplebelieve

B.ideasthatmoetpeoplebelieveC.beliefsthathavesomethingincommon

D.foolishbeliefs72.Thispassagemainlytellsusthat____.A.peoplehavemanywrongbeliefsabouteyesandsight.B.therearemanythingsaboutthebodythatarenotcompletelyunderstoodC.thereareseveralcuasesofeyestrain

D.eyesareveryimportanttopeople參考答案：69-72CABA略21.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Forawhile,myneighborhoodwastakeneverbyanarmyofjoggers.Theywerethereallthetime:earlymorning,noon,andevening.Therewerelittleoldladiesingraysweats,youngcouplesinAdidasshoes,middle-agedmenwithredfaces.“Comeon!”MyfriendAlexencouragedmetojoinhimashejoggedbymyhouseeveryevening.“You’llfeelgreat.”

Well,IhadnothingagainstfeelinggreatandifAlexcouldjogeveryday,anyonecould.SoItookupjoggingseriouslyandgaveitagoodtwomonthsofmylife,andnotadaymore.Basedonmyexperience,joggingisthemostovervaluedformofexercisearound,andjudgingfromthenumberofthepeoplewholeftourneighborhoodjoggingarmy,I’mnotaloneinmyopinion.

Firstofall,joggingisveryhardonthebody.Yourlegsandfeetneedarealpounding（追擊）runningdownaroadfortwoorthreemiles.Idevelopedfoot,leg,andbackproblems.ThenIreadaboutanationallyfamousjoggerwhodiedofaheartattackwhilejogging,andIhadsomethingelsetoworryabout.Joggingdoesn’tkillhundredsofpeople,butifyouhaveanyphysicalweaknesses,joggingwillsurelybringthemout,astheydidwithme.

Secondly,Igotnoenjoymentoutofjogging.Puttingonefootinfrontoftheotherforforty-fiveminutesisn’tmyideaoffun.Joggingisalsoalonelypastime.Somejoggerssay,“Ilovebeingouttherewithjustmythoughts”Well,mythoughtsbegantoboreme,andmostofthemwereonhowmuchmylegshurt.

AndhowcouldIenjoysomethingthatbroughtmepain?Andthatwasn’tjustthefirstweek:itwaspracticallyeverydayfortwomonths.Inevergotpastthepainlevel,andpainisn’tfun.Whatacruelwaytodoit!Somanyotherexercises,includingwalking,leadtoalmostthesameresultspainlessly,sowhyjog?

Idon’tjoganymore,andIdon’tthinkIeverwill.I’mwalkingtwomilesthreetimesaweekatafastpace,andthatfeelsgood.Ibicycletoworkwhentheweatherisgood.I’mgettingexercise,andI’menjoyingitatthesametime.Icouldneversay