賓語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)

會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1賓語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)LearningAims1Learnaboutwhattheobjectiveclauseisandthentellwhichsentencesaretheobjectiveclausesfromthepassage.2Graspthethreekeypointsoftheobjectiveclause.3Tobeabletodoallkindsofexercisesabouttheobjectiveclause.第1頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Haveadiscussioningroup1IloveEnglish.2Didyourememberhisname?3Thesewordsareveryeasy.5Itwokeeverybodyup.6Itwaswrongtopullleavesoffplants.7I’llencouragehertoworkharderathislessons.8Whathappenedinourschoolyesterday?第2頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)

We

know

him．

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s謂v謂v賓o賓o賓語(yǔ)從句就是賓語(yǔ)由一個(gè)句子來(lái)構(gòu)成的.主s謂v賓o簡(jiǎn)單句復(fù)合句一

什么是賓語(yǔ)從句？試比較第3頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)

賓語(yǔ)從句是主從復(fù)合句的一種。主從復(fù)合句是由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句構(gòu)成的。主句是復(fù)合句的主體，從句僅僅是主句的一個(gè)成分，它從屬于主句，不能獨(dú)立。從句在全句中充當(dāng)什么成分，就叫什么從句。賓語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)中的從句在全句中作賓語(yǔ)。了解賓語(yǔ)從句第4頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut(宇航員)?Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.

Pleasetellme

whereshehasgone.Idon’tknowifhewillcometonight.Let’sfindoutwhat’sontonight.FindouttheObjectClauses

WeareproudofthatBeijingisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.第5頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Theteacherasked

Iwaslatetoday.Doyoustillremember

hesaidinthemeeting?Doyouknow

theyarewaitingfor?Canyoutellme

countryyouarefrom,AmericaorEngland?Ireallywanttoknow

yourhometownis.Nooneknows

theyopenedthebox.what,which,who,whom,when,why,where,how,whatever,whoever…whywhatwhom/whowhichwherehow第6頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)2.由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which,what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。這些連詞既有詞義又充當(dāng)句子成份。e.g.1)Doyouknowwhosebookitis?（誰(shuí)的，作定語(yǔ)）2)Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?（為什么，作狀語(yǔ)）3)Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.（誰(shuí)，作主語(yǔ)）注：that在句中無(wú)詞義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)句子成分，在口語(yǔ)中往往被省略。e.g.Ihear(that)

hewillbebackinanhour.1.由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句二.賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞第7頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)3.由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句e.g.Iwanttoknowif/whethersheisright.Theydidn’tknowwhetherTomcouldcomebackornot.if/whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句表示“是否”之義，在句中不充當(dāng)句子成份。if/whether可互換,但whether…ornot為固定搭配.看一看：Idon’tknowifitwillraintomorrow.Ifitrains,I’llstayathome.Iwanttoknowwhenhewillcomeback.Whenhecomesback,pleasetellme.想一想：when和if可以引導(dǎo)什么從句？它們的時(shí)態(tài)有什么特點(diǎn)？when和if既可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，也可以引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。在賓語(yǔ)從句中，時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)需要確定；在狀語(yǔ)從句中，遵循主將從現(xiàn)的原則。第8頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)HelensaysthatshewilllearnFrenchnextyear.

Doyouknowwherehecomesfrom?

HeaskedmeifIcouldgettothebusstationontime.三.賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序無(wú)論主句是陳述句還是疑問(wèn)句，賓語(yǔ)從句都是運(yùn)用陳述句的語(yǔ)序，即是“主語(yǔ)在前，謂語(yǔ)在后”的順序。第9頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)四.賓語(yǔ)從句中時(shí)態(tài)的變化Ihear(that)Jim

(be)

aworkertwoyearsago.Jim

(be)anEnglishteachernow.

Jim(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jim(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.Jim

(learn)1000Chinesewordsbytheendoflastsemester.

填一填wasiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplayinghadlearned1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的需要使用任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。（需要性原則）第10頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)2.當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語(yǔ)從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。（呼應(yīng)性原則）1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heissick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinishedhiswork.1)HetoHongKong.2)Hesick.3)He

abook.4)HeHesaid辨一辨wouldgo

waswasreading

hiswork.hadfinished第11頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)確定從句的時(shí)態(tài)(根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài))主句時(shí)態(tài)從句時(shí)態(tài)連接前連接后一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)保持不變一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)haddone第12頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)3.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明的是客觀存在的事實(shí)或者是客觀存在的真理時(shí)，就不用受到主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。（特殊性原則）Hetoldme(that)SummerisafterSpring.Iwastold(that)thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.

Myparentstoldme(that)nonewsisgoodnews.比一比,想一想第13頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)1．could/would是委婉語(yǔ)氣，而不是過(guò)去式，因此賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況用不同時(shí)態(tài)。注意事項(xiàng)Couldyoupleasetellmewherewe_______ourtickets?(show)Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhe_________back?

(come)showwillcome第14頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)引導(dǎo)詞陳述句(主+v/主+adj.):

特殊疑問(wèn)句:

一般疑問(wèn)句:祈使句:

先____后_____(that)

特殊疑問(wèn)詞如what/where/when/who/howmuch/howmany...

if/whethertell/asksb.(not)todo.主謂語(yǔ)序時(shí)態(tài)賓語(yǔ)從句

三要素主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)_________而定。

主句為過(guò)去時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)用___________時(shí)態(tài)。實(shí)際情況相應(yīng)的過(guò)去第15頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)主句時(shí)態(tài)從句時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、祈使句時(shí)根據(jù)句意的需要用任意一種時(shí)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)與原句相對(duì)應(yīng)的過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言警句、諺語(yǔ)等一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)3.從句的時(shí)態(tài)必須和主句保持一致。注意：第16頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)correctourmistakes第17頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)曾老師問(wèn)他為什么遲到了。MissZengaskedwhywashelateforschool。2.我不知道他昨天做了什么事情。Idon’tknowwhatdidhedoyesterday.3.晏主任問(wèn)她怎么了。DirectorYanaskedwhatthematterwaswithher.4.何老師說(shuō)過(guò)月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。MissHesaidthatthemoonmovedroundtheearth第18頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)5.我有信心你們明天一定考得好。I’mconfidentthatyouwilldowellintheexamtomorrow.6.他們不確定明天是否轉(zhuǎn)冷。Theyareuncertainthatifitwillturncoldornottomorrow.第19頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)1.MissZengaskedwhywashelateforschool.(集英社）語(yǔ)序必須先主語(yǔ)后謂語(yǔ)。主句為過(guò)去時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。2.Idon’tknowwhatdidhedoyesterday.（WarmHome)hewasa.賓語(yǔ)從句的助動(dòng)詞要去掉.

主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句出現(xiàn)yesterday的過(guò)去時(shí)間，因此從句用過(guò)去時(shí)。hedid第20頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)3.DirectorYanaskedwhatthematterwaswithher.4.MissHesaidthatthemoonwentroundtheearth.whatwasthematterwithhergoes

從句內(nèi)容為真理時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。what在這里既做引導(dǎo)詞，也做主語(yǔ)。仍用疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序。who..,whichis…同理。第21頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)5.I’mconfidentthatyouwilldowellintheexamtomorrow.whetherb.只能用whether:(1)與

ornot連用(2)不定式前：whether+todo(3)介詞

+whether…6.Theyareuncertainthatifitwillturncoldornottomorrow.主語(yǔ)+形容詞，賓語(yǔ)從句用that引導(dǎo).a.賓語(yǔ)從句不能同時(shí)用兩個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞。√第22頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)AttentionIaskedher__________shehadabike.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.Idon’tknow_________hehasrecoveredornot.Hecan’tdecide

tostay.if/

whetherwhetherwhetherwhether第23頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)whetherorif?Letmeknow_______youcancomeornot.Iwonder________Icangetsomeadvicefromyou.Idon’tknow________toacceptorrefuse.whetherwhether/ifwhether第24頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think,believe,suppose,expect等時(shí)，從句的否定要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。Idon'tthinksheisright.我認(rèn)為她不對(duì)。我相信他不會(huì)通過(guò)考試。注意三：否定轉(zhuǎn)移Idon’tbelievehewillpasstheexam.第25頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)否定轉(zhuǎn)移在含有賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)為第一人稱，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think，believe,guess,suppose等時(shí)，要將從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用否定式，賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用肯定式。

eg:(5)Idon’tthinkhewillcomewithyou.

注意：這種句子在其后接附加問(wèn)句時(shí)，要特別小心。

eg:(6)Idon’tbelievehehasfinishedthework,________?(7)HeknewwhyJimwasn’tatschool,___________?

解析：例6，當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)由賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)充當(dāng)。例7，如果主句的主語(yǔ)非第一人稱時(shí)，則附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)由主句的主語(yǔ)充當(dāng)。hashedidn’the第26頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)1.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.A.whoishe

B.whoheis

C.whoisit

D.whoitis2.Canyoumakesure_______thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadput

B.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasput

D.wherehasAliceput

即時(shí)練習(xí)第27頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)1.--Canyoumakesure_______?--Sorry,Ican’t.ButIsawherjustnow.A.wheredidshegoB.whereshehadgoneC.whereshehasgoneD.wherewillshego

2.Iwantedtoknow_________.A.whatdidshesayB.whydoesshegotobedlateC.whyshewenttobedlateD.whyshegoestobedlateCC第28頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)3.Heisnotsure_______towatchTVorgotobed.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./4.Idon’tknow_______hewillcomeornot.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./BB第29頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)5.--Idon’tknowifhe_____toKate’sbirthdayparty.--He’ssuretogoifhe______.A.goes,knowsB.willgo,knowsC.goes,willknowD.go,know6.Sheaskedthedoctor______keephealthy.A.howtoB.howcouldsheC.howshecouldD.howcansheB是否假如A.C賓語(yǔ)從句與特殊疑問(wèn)詞+不定式可互換。第30頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)howtodoit與whattodo的區(qū)別D

7.--Couldyoutellme_________?--It’snexttothepostoffice.A.wherethesupermarketisB.whereisthesupermarketC.wherewasthesupermarketD.wherethesupermarketwasAcould表示委婉的語(yǔ)氣,不是過(guò)去時(shí)8.Couldyoutellme___________it.A.whatcanIdoB.howcanIdoC.whattodoD.howtodo特殊用法5第31頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)

willbe

goes

wereplaying

havereturned

travels

aretalking

were

weredoing第32頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)9.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)10.MissWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundtheearth.11.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)12.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)13.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)

wrote

moves

hastakenrisesdid第33頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)將下列句子合并為一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefrien