Unit 1 Grammar and usage 導(dǎo)學(xué)案-高中英語牛津譯林版（2020）選修第二冊

=page99SubjectB9U1BewareandtakecareHostCheckerTeachingobjectivesBytheendofthissection,studentswillbeableto:1.memorizethekeywords,phrasesandsentencesofthispartandapplythemflexibly;2.improvestudents’comprehensiveabilitiesTeachingimportantanddifficultpointsUsethewordsandphrasesincontexts.TeachingtypesNewlessonPeriodsPeriod2PreparationTimeNov.18PresentationTimeNov.21Teachingprocedures:Activity1：Fillintheblanksofthekeysentencesaccordingtothecontext.1.BelowisablogpostwrittenbyKevinaboutaself-medicatingexperiencethatputhimatrisk.（一次自己用藥的經(jīng)歷讓他處于危險中）medicate給......用藥Additionally,theseparticularmedicationsweredamaginganalreadydamagedliver.self-medicate(v);self-medication(n)2.However,IwishIhadpaidcloserattentionto(密切關(guān)注)thisandtakengoodcareofmybody.Iwokeuponemorningwithabadbackache(嚴重的背疼)andIassumedthatitwasbecauseIhadpulledamuscleinmyback(背上肌肉拉傷)whenplayingbasketballthedaybefore.Ratherthandothesensiblething（沒有去做一些明智的事情）ofgoingtoseeadoctor,IsearchedtheInternetforsuitablepainkillersandorderedsomeonline.

sensible（adv.）sensibly5.Foronething,Iwastoolazytodragmyselftothehospital（拖著自己去醫(yī)院）soIendupmakingmyselfseriouslyill.(使我自己病得嚴重)6.Aftertakingthepainkillersforafewdays,Ibegantolosemyappetite（失去了我的胃口）andfeeltired.Notonlydidmybackpaingetworse,butIalsostartedhavingastomachache.Thenitturnedoutthatmybackpainhadnothingtodowithamusclestrain.（與肌肉勞損無關(guān)）9.Onthecontrary,itwascausedbyaseriousliverinfection.（肝臟感染)10.AsIlearntlaterfrommydoctor,Ihadtakentoomanypainkillers,whichwereirritatingtheliningofmystomach.(刺激胃內(nèi)壁）irritatevt.刺激；使煩惱irritating

adj.Ifoundherextremelyirritating.我覺得她極其令人惱火。anirritatinghabit惱人的習(xí)慣anirritatingcough/rash令人痛苦的咳嗽/皮疹irritatingly

adv.irritation

naskinirritation皮膚發(fā)炎11.Intheend,Imadeafullrecovery（完全恢復(fù)）,butitwasacostly(cost)andpainfullearningexperience.12.Ilearntthehardway(經(jīng)歷挫折才懂得)thatwhenitcomestoourownhealth,weshouldseekprofessionalmedicaladvice(尋求專業(yè)建議）atthefirstsignoftrouble.13.Remember.ourbodyisourmostpricelesspossession.（我們無價的財產(chǎn)）14.weoftendoaquicksearchonlineandreachformedicinessuchascoughmixtureandheadachetabletswithoutasecondthought.（立即，馬上）15.Assymptomsofdifferentillnessescanbeverysimilarintheinitialstages,（在初始階段）anon-professionalmaymisdiagnoseanillness（誤診疾?。?6.Moreover,youarelikelytotakeaninaccurate(accurate)doseofmedicine.17.Self-medicationcouldhavedisastrous(disaster)consequencesandmayalsoleadtodelays(delay)inseekingmedicaladvicewhenitismostneeded.18.Toavoidthetrapofself-medicating,itisabsolutely(absolute)essentialtogotohospitalandhaveyourselfexamined(examine)byadoctorwithprofessionalskillsandspecialistequipment.19Onceaprofessionaldiagnosishasbeenmade,youmaybeprescribedacourseoftreatment.(一旦做出專業(yè)診斷，您可能會被開一個療程的處方)diagnosediagnosismisdiagnoseacourseof一系列的；一療程的20.Thereareanydangerousinteractions(interact)withotherdrugsorwithcertainfoods.21.Althoughtheamountofinformationthatyouneedtokeeptrackof(記錄)mightsoundexcessive(過分的；過度的),notfollowingacourseoftreatmentproperlymayresultintheillnesscomingbackevenmorestrongly,orleadtootherhealthconditionsexcessn過量過度過分exceedvt超過超越22.Iamsureweallknowthatpreventionisbetterthancure.（預(yù)防勝于治療）IntegratedskillsPartAintotal總共2.QRcodefraud二維碼欺詐3.fakeQRcodes假二維碼4.stayalert保持警覺5.makeapayment支付6.confirmthepayment確定支付7.installandregistertheNationalAnti-fraudCenterapp安裝和注冊國家反詐中心應(yīng)用軟件PartB1.ItwasestimatedthatasofJanuary2021,therewere6billionactiveInternetusersglobally,representingalmost6%oftheworld'spopulation.2.TheInternethas,inarelatively(relative)shortspanoftime,completely(complete)revolutionizedhowwecommunicatewitheachother,exchangeinformationandconductbusiness.lifespan壽命3.Unfortunately,duetoitswidereachandrelativeprivacy(private),theInternethasbecomeveryattractivetocriminals.(crime)4.Phishing(網(wǎng)絡(luò)釣魚)isoneofthemostcommontypesofcybercrime.5.Whenclickingonlinkstodangerouswebsitesorsoftware,youmaybefooledinto(被騙)providingpersonalinformationsuchaspasswords,usernamesorfinancialdetails.6.Malware(惡意軟件),anotherformofcybercrime,cancausedamageorgainillegalaccesstoacomputerornetwork.(獲得非法途徑進入網(wǎng)絡(luò))7.Cybercriminalstrickyouintopartingwithyourmoney,騙你交出錢infectingyourcomputerwithavirustostealyourpersonaldata,orblockingyoufromaccessingyourowndatauntilaransomispaid.8.Forexample,in2021,acomputermanufacturersufferedaransomware(勒索軟件)attack.9.Cybercriminalstookadvantageof(利用）aweaknessinaserver,accessedthecompany'sfilesanddemandedalargesumofmoney.10.Fortunately,youcantakepreventivemeasurestoreduceyourchancesoffallingvictimtosuchcybercrimes(采取預(yù)防性的措施去減少成為網(wǎng)絡(luò)受害者的可能性)11.Toavoidgettingtakenin(避免被騙),becautiousaboutadvertisementsofferingbargainsandrewardsthatseemtoogoodtobetrue.12.And,ofcourse,donotopenemailattachments(附件)orclickonlinksfromunknownsources,nomatterhowcuriousyoumightbe!13.Secondly,youcanturntotechnicaldefence（求助于技術(shù)防護）andturnonyourspamblocker（打開電子郵件垃圾阻擋器）topreventunwantedmessagesfromgettingtoyourinbox.14.Makesureyouhavereliableantivirussoftware（有可靠的反病毒軟件）andalwayskeepitturnedon.15.Itisalsoagoodideatokeepyoursoftwareandoperatingsystemuptodatebydownloadingandinstallingthelatestsecuritypatches.（下載和安裝最新的安全補?。?6.So,nexttimeyougoonline,neverdropyourguard

(放松警惕.)Nexttime,everytime,eachtime,themoment,theinstant,thefirsttime,thelasttime引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句Eachtime（每次）hecametoNanjing,Iwouldtreathimtoameal.Activity2:Dosomeexercise閱讀理解AHeadingsoccerballsseemstotakegreaterinjuriesonwomenthanonmen,accordingtoanewstudywhichfocusedonthebrainsofsoccerplayers.Headknockscanreallyhurtthebrain.Femaleathletestendtosuffermorebraindamagethanmalesdoafterinjuries,thestudypointsout.Butuntilnow,noonehaddirectlycompareddamageinmenandwomenafterheadingballs.MichaelLipton,abrain-imagingexpertattheAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicineinNewYorkCity,ledtheresearch.Henoted,“It’simportanttofigureouthowmalesandfemalesmightbedifferentafterbraininjury.Hopefully,determininghowthesexesdifferafterbraindamagewillhelpchoosebettertreatmentsforeach.”Researcherschose98soccerplayersfromamateurteams.Theplayersestimatedhowoftentheyhadheadedaballinthepastyear.Theaverageheadersamongmenwere487whilewomen469.Theresearchersthenstudiedthebrainscansofeachplayerlookingforsignsofdamage.Theyusedaspecialtypeofscantohighlightchangesinthebrain’swhitematter.Whitematterismadeupoffibers(纖維),whichcarryelectricalsignalsfromnervecellsinonepartofthebraintothoseinanother.Sodamagetowhitematteraffectshowwellthebrainworks.Thescansturnedupmorewidespreadbraindamageinthefemaleplayers.Inwomen,eightregionsshowedpotentialdamagelinkedtofrequentheaders.Inmen,onlythreeregionsdid.Thebrainchangesstudiedhereweren’tbigenoughtocausebraindamage.Butrepeatedblowstothebraincancontributetomemoryloss,depressionandotherproblems.OnebiggerconcernisCTE,whichcanleadtoconfusion,troublerememberingthingsandemotionaloutbursts.Researchersdon’tknowwhywomen’sbrainsappearatgreaterrisk.Differencesintheirheadsandnecksmayplayarole.Somightgeneticsandhormones.1．Whatdoesthenewstudyfocuson?A．Comparisonofbraindamagebetweensexes. B．Causesofbraininjuriesamongplayers.C．Functionsofwhitematterinourbrain. D．Effectofrepeatedblowsonathletes.2．WhydidMichaelLipton’steamcarryoutthestudy?A．Tofindoutthedifferencesbetweenmenandwomen. B．Tocontributetotreatmentsforbraininjury.C．Topreventsoccerplayersfromgettinghurt. D．Tomakeabreakthroughinsoccerskillstudy.3．Howwastheresearchcarriedout?A．Byinterviewingsoccerplayers. B．Bystudyingthebrainscans.C．Byusingacomputermodel. D．Byreferringtoformerstudies.4．Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A．Itishardtoidentifybraindamage. B．Thestudyprovestobeatotalfailure.C．Reasonsforbraindamageremainsunclear. D．Mentalproblemscausephysicaldifferences.BMostpeoplehavenoideawhattodowiththeirolddrugs.Unusedorexpired(到期的)medicineslyingaroundathomecangetintothewronghands,leadingtoaccidentalpoisoningordrugoverdose.Whendrugsareflushedorsenttolandfill,themedicinescanpolluteourgroundwater,rivers,andstreams,threateninghumanandsealife.Inanefforttofindasolutionfordrugskeptinmedicineboxesorwaterways,theU.S.DrugEnforcementAdministrationlauncheditsfirstNationalTake-BackDayinSeptember2010.Inthedrugtake-backprogram,thereturneddrugsaresenttomedicalwasteincinerators(焚燒爐).However,theprocessoftransportingandburningsuchwastecanreleasegreenhousegasemissionsthatcouldbepotentiallygreaterthanthosegeneratedifthedrugswerepouredintolandfills.“Buttake-backprogramsarepreferredastheyreducetheriskofdrugmisuseandtheincinerationeffectivelyeliminatestheentranceofthesemedicinesintoournation’swaters,”saysTimCarroll,aspokespersonfortheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency.Perhapssurprisingly,notallunusedmedicinesneedtobethrownaway.Everyyearfivebilliondollars’worthofunexpiredmedicinesendupbeingdesertedintheU.S.“We’rewastingalotofmedicineswhicharealreadypaidfor,”saysAnandiLaw,apatientengagementspecialist.“MillionsofU.S.adultsskipordelaygettingtheirprescriptionsfilledduetohighcosts.Wecouldgivethemtosomebodyelsewhoneedsit.”Now,atleast40stateshavepassedlegislationestablishingdrugdonationprogramsthatallowdrugmanufacturers,medicalandlong-termcarefacilities,andsometimesindividualstodonatetheirunuseddrugs.Forexample,sinceitsstartin2007,Iowa’sprogram,SafeNetRx,hasservedmorethan117,000patientsandredistributednearly54-million-dollarworthofmedicinesandsupplies.Georgia’sprogramformallylaunchedin2018,andithasalreadyfilledprescriptionsworthover50milliondollars.“Alloftheseeffortsarestillrelativelynew,”Carrollsays.“Westillhavealongwaytogountilhouseholdschangetheirhabits.”5．Whatdisadvantageofthedrugtake-backprogramismentionedinparagraph2?A．Itcostslargeamountsofmoney.B．Itincreasesthegreenhouseeffect.C．Itcanproducepoisonouschemicals.D．Itwasteslotsofmoneytodealwitholddrugs.6．WhatisTimCarroll’sattitudetowardsthetake-backprogram?A．Cautious.B．Indifferent.C．Supportive.D．Disapproving.7．AccordingtoAnandiLaw,howcanunusedandunexpiredmedicinesbedealtwith?A．Sendingthemtolandfills.B．Sellingthematalowprice.C．Donatingthemtosomeoneinneed.D．Developingtechnologiestorecyclethem.8．Whatdothenumbersinparagraph5mainlyindicate?A．ThechallengingtaskofSafeNetRx.B．Theexpenseofrecyclingunuseddrugs.C．Thesignificanceofhealthcarefacilities.D．Theachievementsofdrugdonationprograms.二、七選五TheUnitedStateshasannouncedaplantofightthequicklygrowingthreatfromcyber（網(wǎng)絡(luò)）spiesandInternetattackersknownashackers.America'sAttorneyGeneral(司法部長)EricHolderrecentlysaidthatever-improvingtechnologyismakingiteasierforpeopleandcountriestostrikeattheUnitedStates.Mr.HoldersaidtheJusticeDepartmentisfightingbackaggressively.Hesaiditisworkingwithvariousstatesandgovernmentagencies._9__.Andtheattorneygeneralcalledforincreasedco-operationwithprivatecompanies.___10__.Hesaid:“Asingletradesecretcanbeworthmillions—orevenbillions—ofdollars.Tradesecrettheftcanrequirecompaniestolayoffemployees,closefactories,tolosesalesandprofits,toexperienceadeclineincompetitivepositionandadvantage,oreventogooutofbusiness.”___11___,aimingtoprotectAmerica’sinterestsandbenefits.TheplanwasannouncedthedayaftertheAmericaninformationsecuritycompanyMandiantpublishedthefindingsofitsinvestigationofcyber-attacks.___12___.ThevictimsofcyberattackincludesomeofthebiggestprivatecompaniesintheUnitedStateslikeAppleComputer,Facebook,CocaColaandmanyothers.___13___.Theattackareasrangefromsatellites,informationtechnology,telecommunications,aerospace,publicadministrationtoscientificresearchacrosstheUnitedStates.A．ThenewplanalsocallsforfinesandtradeactionsagainstcrimescommittedbyindividualsandcountriesB．CybertheftalsoleadstomuchharmtocompaniesandcountriesinAsiaC．Theytogetherinvestigate(調(diào)查)cybertheftandcybercrimeandsharetheinformationD．Thehackersarealsoreportedtohavestruckfederal(聯(lián)邦)andinternationalagenciesE．Theyshowthatmorethan140companieshavebeenattackedsince2006F．Similarinvestigationofcyber-attacksisbeingcarryingonbyothercountrieslikeChinaG．Hedescribedtheimportanceofkeepingtradesecretsasecret三、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Latelastnight38-year-oldDavidKleinwassenttoprisonforcybercrime.Overthecourseofafewmonths,Kleinhadcheateddozensof___14___（youth）outoftheirmoneyovertheInternet.Oneofthevictimswas15-year-oldToddJonesofWashington,DC．Inachatroom,Toddstartedtalkingtosomeone___15___（say）hewasa13-year-oldmiddleschoolstudentinTexasnamedJosh.Forseveralweeks,theychattedonlineabouttheirhobbiesandschools.“Heseemed___16___agreatguy,”saidTodd.ThenJoshstartedtellingToddabouthisfamily.Hesaidthathisfatherhadlosthisjobandhisgrandmotherwasveryillandtherewasnomoney___17__（pay）forthetreatmentandmedicinesheneeded.Hewasworriedthathewouldhavetogetapart-timejobtohelphisfamilypaybills.HewonderedifToddcouldhelp.“Ifeltreallysorryforhim,”explainedTodd.“___18__（want）tohelpmynewfriend,Iagreedtosendhimsomemoney.IreallythoughtIwasdoingagoodthing.”Josh