英語-二級課件unit1reading

BeforereadingGlobalreadingDetailedreadingAfterreadingSurveyIhaveadreamSocialaffairsintheUSDiscussionBeforereadingSurveyCheckthestatementsonp2whicharetrueforyou.Thenworkinpairstogiveadescriptionofwhatyouaredoingnow.SurveyIneedatleasttwoalarmclockstogetmeupinthemorning.Ialwaysleavewritingessaysuntilthelastminute.Thebestthingaboutmylifeasastudentisthepartying.Itakepartineveryprotestoncampus.IthinkImaybestudyingthewrongsubject.Icametocollegetogetaneducation,I’mnotthinkingaboutwhatjobI’dlike.I’mcrazyabouttheBeatles.Ithinknoonehaseverimprovedontheminiskirt.I’mnotinterestedinpolitics.Ifeelyoungpeoplecanchangetheworld.ExampleA:Doyouneedatleasttwoalarmclockstogetyouupinthemorning?B:No,IalwaysgetupearlyinthemorningtopractisemyEnglishinacorneroncampus.Whataboutyou?A:…SocialaffairsReadapassageaboutsocialaffairsintheUSduringthe1960s.Takenotesonthemainpoints.SocialaffairsThe1960sbeganwiththeelectionofthefirstpresidentborninthe20thcentury--JohnKennedy.FormanyAmericans,theyoungpresidentwasthesymbolofaspiritofhopeforthenation.WhenKennedywasmurderedin1963,manyfeltthattheirhopesdied,too.Thiswasespeciallytrueofyoungpeople,andmembersandsupportersofminoritygroups.Atimeofinnocenceandhopesoonbegantolooklikeatimeofangerandviolence.MoreAmericansprotestedtodemandanendtotheunfairtreatmentofblackcitizens.MoreprotestedtodemandanendtothewarinVietnam.Andmoreprotestedtodemandfullequalityforwomen.MoreSocialaffairsBythemiddleofthe1960s,ithadealmostimpossibleforPresidentLyndonJohnsontoleavetheWhiteHousewithoutfacingprotestersagainstthewarinVietnam.InMarchof1968,heannouncedthathewouldnotrunforanotherterm.InadditiontoPresidentJohnKennedy,twootherinfluentialleadersweremurderedduringthenineteensixties.CivilrightsleaderMartinLutherKingJuniorwasshotinMemphis,Tennesseein1968.Severalweekslater,RobertKennedy--JohnKennedy'sbrother--wasshotinLosAngeles,California.Hewascampaigningtowinhisparty'snominationforpresident.Theirdeathsresultedinriotsincitiesacrossthecountry.IHaveaDreamListentoapartofMartinLutherKing’sspeechIHaveaDreamandcompletethesentences.Ihaveadreamthatonedaythisnationwillriseupand1)__________thetruemeaningofitscreed:“Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident,thatallmenarecreatedequal.”IhaveadreamthatonedayontheredhillsofGeorgia,thesonsofformerslavesandthesonsofformerslaveownerswillbeabletositdowntogetheratthetableof

2)_______________.IhaveadreamthatonedayeventhestateofMississippi,astateswelteringwiththeheatof3)_________,swelteringwiththeheatofoppression,willbetransformedintoanoasisof4)__________andjustice.Ihaveadreamthatmyfourlittlechildrenwillonedayliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudgedbythecoloroftheirskinbutbythecontentoftheir5)__________.brotherhoodinjusticecharacterliveoutfreedomIhaveadreamtoday!Ihaveadreamthatoneday,downinAlabama,withitsviciousracists,withitsgovernorhavinghislipsdrippingwiththewordsof“interposition”and“nullification”--onedayrightthereinAlabamalittleblackboysandblackgirlswillbeableto6)__________withlittlewhiteboysandwhitegirlsassistersandbrothers.Ihaveadreamtoday!Ihaveadreamthatonedayeveryvalleyshallbeexalted,andeveryhillandmountainshallbemadelow,the7)______placeswillbemadeplain,andthecrookedplaceswillbemadestraight;andthe8)_________oftheLordshallberevealedandallfleshshallseeittogether.roughgloryjoinhandsInthe1960s,youngpeoplegotthemselvesinvolvedinseekingfreedomandjusticewhileyoungpeopletodayaremainlyconcernedabouthowtoimprovetheirchancesofbeingcompetitiveintheemploymentmarket.Basedonwhatyou’vegotaboutthelifeinthe1960s,howdoyouthinkthelifeofyoungpeoplehaschanged?DiscussionTextorganisationTextevaluationGlobalreadingLanguageandcultureExpressingcontrastinginformationComprehendingthetexttheSorbonnetheJuniorCommonRoomanindiefilmJimiHendrixLennyBruceWilliamWordsworth(SeeStudent’sBook,p3)TheVietnamWarTheFrenchRevolution

(SeeTeacher’sBook,p3&4)LanguageandCultureTextorganisationReadthetextquicklyandfillintheflowcharttounderstandthestructureofthetext.TextOrganisationStudentsinthe1960sTopicStudentstodayConclusionCollege:special?Collegeisn’tspecialanymore.clickclickclickclickTextOrganisationCollege:aplacetotasterealfreedomSupportingidea1

Supportingidea2

College:aplacetofight

forfreedomandjusticeAgeneralideaaboutcollegeinthe1960s

aplacetoexperienceexcitingandstimulatinglifeTextOrganisationSupportingidea1

Supportingidea2

Ageneralideaaboutcollegetoday

College:amereplacetoincreasechancesofgettingagoodjobCollege:aplacenotdifferentfromtherealworldaplacewhichproducesnopassionComprehendingthetextWorkingroups.Group1readPara.1-4tocheckthetruestatementsaboutthe1960s.Group2readPara.5-7tocheckthetruestatementsabouttheUKtoday.ComprehendingthetextGroup1readPara.1-4tocheckthetruestatementsaboutthe1960s.studentsattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleydidnotprotest.studentsinEuropeandtheUSspentalotoftimeprotesting.therewasviolenceonuniversitycampusesinEurope.studentsandworkerswentonstriketogetherinFrance.theUKPrimeMinisterhadtoresignbecauseofstudentprotests.studentsdiscoveredasenseoffreedomoncampus.ComprehendingthetextGroup2readPara.5-7tocheckthetruestatementsabouttheUKernationalstudentsaremoreinterestedinlifestylethanqualityofcourses.studentsneedtheirparentsforfinancialhelp.studentsdon’tcontacttheirparentsasoftenastheyusedto.studentsdon’tenjoyuniversitylifeasmuchastheyusedto.ExpressingcontrastinginformationWorkingroupstofindoutexamplesofcontrastingtechniquesinthetext.“Collegeisn’tspecialone”isanopinionpieceof

writingwhichdiscussescollegelifeinthe60sandnow.

Toexpresstheideathatstudentlifehaschanged,the

authoradoptsthefollowing3techniques:WordssuggestingthechangeQuestionsComparativestructureWordssuggestingthechange:

Thesedayspolitical,socialandcreativeawakeningseemstohappennotbecauseofcollege,butinspiteofit.

Yetcollegeeducationisnolongeratopicofgreatnationalimportance.

Insteadoftheheadyatmosphereoffreedomwhichstudentsinthe1960sdiscovered,studentstodayaremuchmoreserious.

Gonearethedayswhenasonordaughterranghomeonceortwiceaterm.ExpressingcontrastinginformationQuestions:

Where’sthepassiontoday?

What’sthematterwithcollege?

Sowhyaren’ttheytrueforthestudentsoftoday?Comparativestructure:Insteadoftheheadyatmosphereoffreedomwhichstudentsinthe1960sdiscovered,studentstodayaremuchmoreserious.Inanuncertainworld,manychildrenrelyontheirparents’supportmuchlongerthantheyusedto.Expressingcontrastinginformation

Whatdoyouthinkisthepurposeofauniversity

education?

Shoulditbeanendinitselforameanstoanend?

Whatfactorsinfluencedyourchoiceofuniversityand

thecourseyouaredoing?

Ifyouhadthechancetocontinueyourstudiesabroad,

whatfactorswouldinfluenceyourchoiceofdestination?

Whydoyoungpeopleprotestmorethanoldpeople?5.Doyouthinktoday’syoungpeopleinChinaareverydifferentfromthepreviousgenerations?TextevaluationWorkingroupsanddiscussthequestions,each

groupwithonequestiononly.clickclickclickclickclick1.Whatdoyouthinkisthepurposeofauniversity

education?

Shoulditbeanendinitselforameansto

anend?Textevaluation(1)totrainpeopletocreatethinkingandthings(2)totransmittheories,knowledgeandskillsAnendinitselfAmeanstoanendgiveSsthenecessaryabilitiestosurviveintherealworldandtocontributetosociety2.Whatfactorsinfluencedyourchoiceofuniversityand

thecourseyouaredoing?Textevaluationfactorsintereststraditionqualityofcoursesofferedteachingstafflearningenvironmentlocation3.Ifyouhadthechancetocontinueyourstudies

abroad,whatfactorswouldinfluenceyourchoiceof

destination?Textevaluationqualityofcourses

offeredteachingstafffactorshowtheuniversity

andstaffcare

abouttheirstudents4.Whydoyoungpeopleprotestmorethanoldpeople?TextevaluationWecanchange

theworld!strong

energynofeareasily

manipulated5.Doyouthinktoday’syoungpeopleinChinaarevery

differentfromthepreviousgenerations?TextevaluationhavegreatpressurebespoiltDifficultsentencesWordstonoteDetailedreadingDifficultsentences1.Theliberalsrepliedthatitwastheabilitytotolerate

noisy,dissidentminoritieswhichmadeuniversities

great.(para.2)英語常用的強調(diào)結構是“Itis(was)+被強調(diào)部分(主語、賓語或狀語)+who(that)...”。一般說來,被強調(diào)部分指人時，用who；指事物時用that，但that也可以指人。在美國英語中指事物時常用which來代替that。翻譯：自由派人士回答說，大學之所以偉大正是因為它們有能力容忍喧鬧的、唱反調(diào)的少數(shù)人。(1)ItwasIsadoraDuncanwho＿＿＿＿responsible

formanyoftheinnovationsthathavemade

moderndancedifferentfromclassicalballet.

A.is

B.was

C.hasbeen

D.were(2)MoreoftenitisthePresident,＿＿＿＿andnot

themembersofhiscabinet,tothepopulace.A.whichappeal

B.thatappeal

C.whoappeal

D.whoappeals(3)It___Ithat____againstyou.A.am,isB.is,

isC.is,amD.was,am(4)____thatyouleftyourcoat？A.ItwaswhereB.Wherewasit

C.WasitwhereD.WasthatwhereAnalsTrans

Ex.Difficultsentences2.Everywhere,goingtocollegemeantyourfirsttasteofrealfreedom,oflatenightsinthedormorintheJuniorCommonRoom,discussingthemeaningoflife.(para.4)翻譯：不論在什么地方，上大學都意味著你初次品嘗真正自由的滋味，初次品嘗深更半夜在宿舍或?qū)W生活動室里討論人生意義的滋味。oflatenights前省略了yourfirsttaste;theJuniorCommonRoom意為學生活動室AnalsTransDifficultsentences3.Thesedayspolitical,socialandcreativeawakening

seemstohappennotbecauseofcollege,butinspite

ofit.(para.5)翻譯：現(xiàn)在，政治、社會和創(chuàng)造意識的覺醒似乎不是憑借大學的助力，而是沖破其阻力才發(fā)生的。inspiteofsthisusedforreferringtoafactthatmakessomethingelsesurprising.AnalsTransDifficultsentences4.Somepeopledropout,butthemostapatheticstaythecoursebecauseit’stoomuchefforttoleave.(para.5)“Staythecourse”isusedinthecontextofawarorbattlemeaningtopursueagoalregardlessofanyobstaclesorcriticism.ItsmodernusagewaspopularizedbyAmericanpresidentsGeorgeH.W.BushandRonaldReagan.ThephrasewasfirstusedbyBushinJuly2003whiletalkingabouthisplanforIraq,“Wewillstaythecourse,wewillhelpthisyoungIraqidemocracysucceed…”翻譯：有些人輟學，但大多數(shù)已經(jīng)有些麻木，還是堅持混到

畢業(yè)，因為離開學校實在是太費事了。AnalsTransDifficultsentences5.Collegehaseameanstoanend,an

opportunitytoincreaseone’schancesonthe

employmentmarket,andnotanendinitself,which

givesyouthechancetoimagine,justforashortwhile,

thatyoucanchangetheworld.(para.6)這句話主語為college，謂語hase，表語為ameanstoanend，anopportunity…employmentmarket作為ameanstoanend的同位語。notanendinitself同樣為hase的表語，與前面的ameanstoanend形成對比，它還做定語從句whichgivesyouthechancetoimagine的主語。imagine后面跟了一個賓語從句thatyoucanchangetheworld。翻譯：大學已變成實現(xiàn)目的的手段，是在就業(yè)市場上增加就業(yè)

幾率的一個機會，上大學本身不再是目的，不再是給你提供

一個機會，讓你暫時想象一下：你能夠改變世界。AnalsTransDifficultsentences6.Gonearethedayswhenasonordaughterranghomeonceortwiceaterm.(para.7)Gonearethedayswhen意思為“······日子一去不復返了”。注意后面的從句中要用過去時。也可以變換句型Thedayswhen…aregone.翻譯：兒子或女兒每學期往家里打一兩回電話的日子一去不復返了。ThinkoftwosentencestodescribethechangesinyourlifeusingthestructureGonearethedayswhen.AnalsTrans

Ex.Difficultsentences7.“Blisswasitinthatdawntobealive,

Buttobeyoungwasveryheaven!”(paras.8-9)這是一個倒裝句。原句應是Itwasblisstobealiveinthatdawn.It

指代

tobealiveinthatdawn.Blisswas

/

isittodosth.

和itwas

/

isheaventodosth.

都表示“做······是一件非常幸福的事情?！狈g：“在那黎明時分活著是至福，但年輕就是非常美妙的事情！”Discussinpairsthefollowingproverb:Innocenceisbliss.(無知便是福。)AnalsTrans

Ex.WordstonoteNewWordsPhrasesclashestablishment

passion

protest

alliance

launch

characterizeemploymentprospectobscure

giverisetosth.bringaboutkeepoffinitselfclashn.&v.

afightorbattlebetweentwogroupsofpeople;averyangryargumentbetweentwopeopleorgroupsCompletethesentenceswithappropriateprepositions.(1)Yesterdaysawviolentclashes__________policeandprotesters.(2)Theprimeministerfacesaclash_________businessleaderstomorrow.(3)HisT-shirtclashes_________hisshorts.(4)Alotofproblemshavebeencausedbyaclash_________cultures.Doyouknowwhymanybandsbreakup?Becauseofpersonalityclashesbetweenmusicians.betweenwithwithofestablishmentn.

themostimportantandpowerfulpeopleinacountryorinasectionofsocietytheprocessofstartingorcreatingsomethingsuchasanorganizationFigureoutthemeaningofunderlinedwords.Theliteraryestablishmentgenerallylooksdownonartists.Johnwaseagertoestablishgoodrelationswiththebusinesscommunity.(3)Reaganquicklyestablishedhimselfasapromisingfilmactor.(4)It’sanoldestablishedfamilyfirm.文學界權威與······建立良好關系使自己成為······老牌的passionn.

apowerfulemotionsuchasloveorangerpassionatedesirepassionateinterestpassionateconcernpassionatebeliefTranslatethefollowingsentences.(1)他酷愛古典音樂。

Hehasapassionforclassicalmusic.(2)Hespokewithgreatpassionabouttheplightoftherefugees.

他慷慨激昂地講述了難民們的困境。Ftestn.&v.

(1)astrongcomplaintordisagreement(2)somethingsuchasameetingbypeoplewhostronglydisagreewithapolicy,lawetc.

Figureoutthemeaningofunderlinedwords.(1)Theorganizationhasmadeaformalprotestagainstthenucleartesting.Wecannotpassthismatterbywithoutprotest.Thedecisionraised/provokedastormofprotestamongstudents.(4)Iwenttothedoctorunderprotest.不反對地,樂意地抗議,反對引起一片抗議的風暴不情愿地alliancen.

anarrangementbetweentwoormorepeople,groupsorcountriestoachievesomething

WhatdoesIAWreferto?What’sitsbasicprinciple?ThebasicprincipleoftheIAW(InternationalAllianceofWomen)isthatthefullandequalenjoymentofhumanrightsisduetoallwomenandgirls.

2.What’stheHolyAlliance?TheHolyAlliancewasacoalitionofRussia,AustriaandPrussiacreatedin1815atthebehestofCzarAlexanderIofRussia.Itwasagainstdemocracy,revolution,andsecularism.Answerthefollowingquestions.clickclicklaunchv.

tostartamajoractivityTranslatethefollowingexpressions.發(fā)射人造衛(wèi)星

創(chuàng)辦一個新企業(yè)

發(fā)動攻擊

發(fā)起一次活動

將新產(chǎn)品投放市場launchaman-madesatellitelaunchanewenterpriselaunchanattacklaunchacampaignlaunchanewproductcharacterizev.

tobeatypicalqualityorfeatureofsomeoneorsth.

(1)Ambitionisa________________ofallsuccessfulbusinessmen.(2)Competitivesporthelpstodevelopone’s_________.(3)The1980swere______________byhighinflationandhighemployment.(4)Theyportrayhimasaweakleader,butIdon’tthinkthat’safair________________.Completethesentenceswiththewordsinthecolumn.characteristiccharactercharacterizedcharacterizationcharactercharacterizecharacterizationcharacteristicemploymentn.

workthatyouarepaidregularlytodoforapersonorcompany(1)His__________hasincreasedhissalary.(2)Aftergraduation,shefound_______________withalocalfinancecompany.(3)Thebossstruckoff100dollarsfromthesalaryofthe______________asfine.(4)Jeanwas______________bythecompanyasacomputerprogrammer.Completethesentenceswiththewordsinthecolumn.employemployeremployeeemploymentemployeremployedemploymentemployeeprospectn.

thepossibilitythatsth.willhappen,especiallysomethinggoodchancesofsuccess,esp.inajoborcareerCorrectthefollowingsentences.Doctorssaythereisfewprospectofanyimprovementinhiscondition.Youremploymentprospectwouldbemuchbetterifyoufinishedyourdegree.(3)Thenewjobbringsgoodprospectsofthefuture.littleprospectsforobscureadj.

notclearlyexpressedornoteasytounderstandnotknownaboutornotwellknownTranslatethefollowingsentences.Thepoemisobscuretothoseunlearnedintheclassics.

這首詩歌在不懂古典詩作的人看來是費解的。(2)他為什么退學的理由還不清楚。

Thereasonswhyhedroppedoutareobscure.

Analyzethepoem."InaStationoftheMetro"isanImagistpoembyEzraPoundpublishedin1913inPoetry.ThepoemattemptstodescribePound'sexperienceuponvisitinganundergroundmetrostationinParisin1912,andPoundsuggestedthatthefacesoftheindividualsinthemetrowerebestputintoapoemnotwithadescriptionbutwithan"equation".Becauseofthetreatmentofthesubject'sappearancebywayofthepoem'sownvisuality,itisconsideredaquintessentialImagisttext.clickgiveriseto

tomakesth.happenorbegin,esp.sth.unpleasantorunexpectedThinkofwordsorexpressionswithsimilarmeaning

togiveriseto.tocausetoleadtotoresultintocontributetoMakesentenceswithgiverisetoandcontributeto.Insteadofresolvingcontradictions,theseriesofmeasurestakenbythegovernmentgaverisetomoreviolentclashes.Honestyandhardworkcontributetosuccessandhappiness.bringabout

tomakesth.happen,esp.tocausechangesinasituationTranslatethefollowingsentenceintoEnglish.反對黨聯(lián)合工會發(fā)動了一次大罷工，最終導致政府的垮臺。TheOppositionformedanalliancewiththetradeunionsandlaunchedageneralstrike,whichultimatelybroughtaboutthedownfallofthegovernment.LackofexerciseEatingtoomuchHeredityStress&boredomDiscussthetopic

Whatwillbringaboutobesity?keepofftonottouchsth.orpreventsth.fromtouchingsth.(1)Theseworrieskeptherfromsleepingproperly.(2)Youshouldkeepawayfromfriedfoods.(3)Shestruggledtokeepbackhertears.(4)Trytokeeptoaregulartimetableofwakingandsleeping.(5)Wetrytokeepupwithwhat’shappening.toavoidtostoponeself

doingsth.tofollowtopreventsb.

fromdoingsth.tocontinueto

learnaboutsth.Matchtheexpressionswiththeirdefinitions.Cinitself

withoutconsideringtherestTranslatethefollowingsentences.Fortheoldladybuyingthedailynewspapersoonbecameanendinitself,sinceshereallyjustwantedtochatwiththeshopkeeper.

那老太太每天去買報紙，不多時便覺樂在其中，因為她主要是想和店主聊天.(2)這錢本身對他們來說是沒有什么價值的。

Themoneyinitselfmeantnothingtothem.

convert,transformconvert:changesthfromoneformorusetoanotherTheroomwasconvertedfromakitchentoastudy.太陽能電池能把陽光的能量轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。(=Thesolarcellcanconverttheenergyofsunlightintoelectricenergy.)transform:pletelychangetheappearanceorcharacterAfreshcoatofpaintcantransformaroom.她過去十分靦腆，但在國外呆了一年后完全變了。(=Sheusedtobeveryshy,butayearabroadhascompletelytransformedher.)CF:convert,transform&alterconvert指進行全部或局部改變以適應新的功能或用途。指信仰或態(tài)度時，強調(diào)較激烈、大的改變。transform指人或物在形狀、外觀、形式、性質(zhì)等方面發(fā)生的徹底變化，失去原狀成為全新的東西。alter常指輕微的改變，強調(diào)基本上保持原物、原狀的情況下所進行的部分改變。1.Doyouknowtheprocessbywhichcaterpillars(毛蟲)are_____________intobutterflies?2.Europeanmissionaries__________thousandstoChristianity.3.Shehadto______herclothesafterlosingweight.4.Theroomwas___________fromakitchentoalavatory.transformedconvertedalterconvertedbear,endure,stand,toleratebear更多地適用于承受的能力：anothersetbacklikethatwasmorethanIcanbear.endure尤指長期面對痛苦、艱難的能力，強調(diào)持久力和意志堅定。“Humanlifeiseverywhereastateinwhichmuchistobeenduredandlittletobeenjoyed”stand指精神上堅毅，有決心：Thepainwastoointensetostand.bear,stand,endure都可以用來指肉體上的折磨和痛苦。tolerate主要用于指容忍人或某種行為，不指痛苦，含有盡管保留但勉強接受之意.Someoldpeopledon’tlikepopsongsbecausetheycan’ttoleratesomuchnoise.Wewon’ttoleratesuchrudebehavior.tolerancetolerantOralpracticeSummarizingUsefulexpressionsWritingassignmentAfterreadingSummarisingWhatarethemostimportant________forstudentstoday?Istheuniversity________reallysuchadifferentplacecomparedtowhatitwas40yearsago?Forthestudentsinthe1960s,goingtocollegewasthemost_______________________experienceoftheirlife.Theytookpartin________andlaunched_______againsttheestablishmentwiththeirnewand_________________commitmenttofreedomandjus