2020年度英語(yǔ)專四試題~

文檔來源為:從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯?歡迎下載支持.QUESTIONBOOKLET試卷用后隨即銷毀。TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS（嚴(yán)01保留、出版或復(fù)印-GRADEFOUR-TIMELIMIT:130MIN[10MIN]PARTIDICTATION[10MIN]Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.YouwillthenbegivenONEminutetocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.[20MIN][20MIN]PARTIILISTENINGCOMPREHENSIONSECTIONATALKInthissectionyouwillhearatalk.YouwillhearthetalkONCEONLY.Whilelistening,youmaylookatthetaskonANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap.Makesurewhatyoufillinisbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayusetheblanksheetfornote-taking.YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.Nowlistentothetalk.Whenitisover,youwillbegivenTWOminutestocheckyourwork.SECTIONBCONVERSATIONSInthissectionyouwillheartwoconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,fivequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.BoththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenONCEONLY.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeaten-secondpause.Duringthepause,youshouldreadthefourchoicesofA,B,CandD,andmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthechoices.Now,listentotheconversations.ConversationOneQuestions1to5arebasedonConversationOne.A.ManyforeignlanguagesarespokeninBritain.文檔來源為文檔來源為:從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯.歡迎下載支持.文檔來源為文檔來源為:從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯.歡迎下載支持.EveryoneinBritaincanspeakaforeignlanguage.TheBritishareunabletospeakaforeignlanguage.TheBritishcansurviveontheirmothertongue.A.Chinese.Polish.Punjabi.Urdu.A.Tohelpimproveinternationaltrade.Toallowaspeakertoholdasimpletalk.Toimprovetheeducationsystem.Toencouragelearninganotherlanguage.A.Itgivesyouself-satisfaction.Itmakesyoumoreconfident.Itgivesyouanadvantage.Itmakesyouworkhard.A.Workmates.Schoolmates.Teacherandstudent.Brotherandsister.ConversationTwoQuestions6to10arebasedonConversationTwo.6.A.Adangerousevent.B.Anunreasonablefear.C.Asmallprobability.D.Arisk-assessingability.7.A.Oneinonemillion.B.Oneinfourmillion.C.Oneinfourteenmillion.D.Oneinfortymillion.8.A.Futureevents.B.Catastrophicevents.C.Small-scaledisasters.D.Smokinghazards.

9.A.B.C.D.Travelingbyair.Ridingabicycle.Catchingbirdflu.Smokingcigarettes.10.A.B.C.D.Theygetpleasurefromrisks.Theycancontrolpotentialrisks.Theycanassessdangerfromrisks.Theyhavestrongneedsforrisks.PARTIILANGUAGEUSAGE[10MIN]PARTIILANGUAGEUSAGE[10MIN]TheBentPyramidoutsideCairoancientEgypt'sfirstattempttobuildasmooth-sidedpyramid.hasbeenbelievedtohavebeenwasbelievedtobeisbelievedtohavebeenisbelievedtobeU.S.Newsrankingsofcollegessince1983.Theyareaverypopularresourceforstudentslookingtoapplytoauniversitycampus.maintainsismaintainingmaintainedhasbeenmaintainingHewasluredintoacrimehewouldnothavecommitted.actuallyaccidentallyotherwiseseldomShewasonceayoungcountrywifewithchickensinthebackyardandaviewofmountainsbehindtheappleorchard.bluehazyVirginiahazyblueVirginiaVirginiahazyblueVirginiabluehazyIlongtoalleviate,butIcannot.theevilevilevilsanevilIndeed,itisarguablethatbodyshatteringistheverypointoffootball,askillingandmaiming.wararewarofwarareofwarAt,photographyisachemicalprocess,duringwhichalight-sensitivematerialisalteredwhenexposedtolight.itsmostbasicitsbasicthemostbasicthebasicShehiredalawyertoinvestigate,onlytolearnthatGabrielhadremovedhernamefromthedeed.Theinfinitiveverbphrase“onlytolearn”isused.toexpressanintendedpurposetoindicateahighdegreeofpossibilitytorevealanundesirableconsequencetodramatizeastatedfactWhichofthefollowingitalicizedwordsDOESNOTcarrythemetaphoricalmeaning?Iwonderwhat'sbehindthischangeofplan.Jimturnedtospeaktothepersonstandingbehindhim.Thisworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.I'mgettingterriblybehind.IsupposeI'mluckybecausemyparentswerebehindmealltheway.Mymotherwasdeterminedtohelpthoseinneedandshewouldhavebeenimmenselyproudofwhathasbeenachievedtheselast20years.Theitalicizedpartinthesentenceexpresses.ahypothesisasuggestionacontradictionasurpriseWhenthepoliceofficerswhotookpartintheKingbeatingwerefirstbroughtto,theirlawyersusedthevideotapeasevidenceagainsttheprosecution.justicetestimonytrialverdict,themostcontroversialcandidateintheelectioncampaign,hehasbeenstronglycriticizedforhiscrudecommentsaboutwomen.QuestionablyArguablyContentiouslyDebatablyPriceshaverecentlyriseninordertotheincreasedcostofrawmaterials.cutbuoyofferoffsetThecelebritysaysincourtpapersshe“hasnoofgivinganyauthorizationtoanyonetoproceedwithadivorce.”recommendationrecordingrecollectionrecognitionWhatactuallyagoodangle—oragoodselfieoverall—isrootedinwhatweconsideredbeautiful.consistsconstitutescomposesconstructsTheschoolisgoingthemiletocreatethenextgenerationofsportingstarsthankstoitsuniquedevelopmentprogram.finalfurthersupplementaryextraTheteachers'unionalawsuitagainstthedistrictcallingforrepairing“deplorable”schoolconditions.firedfiledfinedfilledLastMarchtheofa19thcenturycargoshipwasfoundbyanunderwaterarchaeologicalteam.debrisruinsremainswreckShe'swornhisdesignsonoccasionsfromredcarpetstomoviepremieres.countlesscountablenumericalnumeralAleadingintelligenceandoperationscompanyhasreleaseditsanalysisofworldwidereportedincidentsofpiracyandcrimeagainstmariners.oceangoingoceanicmarinemaritime文檔來源為:從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯?歡迎下載支持.PARTIVCLOZE[10MIN]Decidewhichofthewordsgivenintheboxbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblank.ThewordscanbeusedONCEONLY.MarktheletterforeachwordonANSWERSHEETTWO.A.accompaniesB.automaticallyC.coupleD.goesE.indebtednessF.kindG.mannerH.mercifullyI.oneJ.obeyK.renownedL.subscribeM.unknownN.virtueO.widespreadAfewyearsago,auniversityprofessortriedalittleexperiment.HesentChristmascardstoasampleofperfectstrangers.Althoughheexpectedsomereaction,theresponsehereceivedwasamazing一holidaycardsaddressedtohimcamepouringbackfromthepeoplewhohadnevermetnorheardofhim.Thegreatmajorityofthosewhoreturnedacardneverinquiredintotheidentityofthe(31)professor.Theyreceivedhisholidaygreetingcard,andthey(32)sentoneinreturn.Thisstudyshowstheactionofoneofthemostpowerfulofweaponsofinfluencearoundus一theruleofreciprocation.Therulesaysthatweshouldtrytorepay,in(33),whatanotherpersonhasprovidedus.Ifawomandoesusafavor,weshoulddoher(34)inreturn;ifamansendsusabirthdaypresent,weshouldrememberhisbirthdaywithagiftofourown;ifa(35)invitesustoaparty,weshouldbesuretoinvitethemtooneofours.By(36)ofthereciprocityrule,then,weareobligedtothefuturerepaymentoffavors,gifts,invitations,andthelike.Sotypicalisitfor(37)tocompanythereceiptofsuchthingsthatatermlike“muchobliged”hasbecomeasynonymfor“thankyou,”notonlyintheEnglishlanguagebutinothersaswell.Theimpressiveaspectoftheruleofreciprocationandthesenseofobligationthat(38)withitisitspervasivenessinhumanculture.Itisso(39)thatafterintensivestudy,sociologistscanreportthatthereisnohumansocietythatdoesnot(40)totherule.文檔來源為:從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯?歡迎下載支持.PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION[35MIN]SECTIONAMULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONSInthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbytenmultiplechoicequestions.Foreachmultiplechoicequestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswerandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.PASSAGEONETheearliestsettlerscametotheNorthAmericancontinenttoestablishcolonieswhichwerefreefromthecontrolsthatexistedinEuropeansocieties.Theywantedtoescapethecontrolsplacedontheirlivesbykingsandgovernments,priestsandchurched,noblemenandaristocrats.ThehistoricdecisionsmadebythosefirstsettlershavehadaprofoundeffectontheshapingoftheAmericancharacter.Bylimitingthepowerofthegovernmentandthechurchesandeliminatingaformalaristocracy,theycreatedaclimateoffreedomwheretheemphasiswasontheindividual.IndividualfreedomisprobablythemostbasicofallAmericanvalues.By“freedom,”Americansmeanthedesireandtheabilityofallindividualstocontroltheirowndestinywithoutoutsideinterferencefromthegovernment,arulingnobleclass,thechurch,oranyotherorganizedauthority.Thereis,however,apricetobepaidforthisindividualfreedom:self-reliance.ItmeansthatAmericansbelievethattheyshouldstandontheirownfeet,achievingbothfinancialandemotionalindependencefromtheirparentsasearlyaspossible,usuallybyage18or21.AsecondimportantreasonwhyimmigrantshavetraditionallybeendrawntotheUnitedStatesisthebeliefthateveryonehasanequalchancetoenterachanceandsucceedinthegame.BecausetitlesofnobilitywereforbiddenintheConstitution,noformalclasssystemdevelopedintheUS.Thereis,however,apricetobepaidforthisequalityofopportunity:competition.Ifmuchoflifeisseenasarace,thenapersonmustruntheraceinordertosucceed;apersonmustcompetewithothers.ThepressuresofcompetitioninthelifeofanAmericanbegininchildhoodandcontinueuntilretirementfromwork.Infact,anygroupofpeoplewhodoesnocompetesuccessfullydoesnotfitintothemainstreamofAmericanlifeaswellasthosewhodo.AthirdreasonwhyimmigrantshavetraditionallycometotheUnitedStatesistohaveabetterlife.Becauseofitsabundantnaturalresources,theUnitedStatesappearedtobea“l(fā)andofplenty”wheremillionscouldcometoseektheirfortunes.Thephrase“goingfromragstoriches”becameasloganfortheAmericandream.Manypeopledidachievematerialsuccess.MaterialwealthbecameavaluetotheAmericanpeople,anditalsobecameanacceptedmeasureofsocialstatus.Americanspayaprice,however,fortheirmaterialwealth:hardwork.HardworkhasbeenbothnecessaryandrewardingformostAmericansthroughouttheirhistory.Insomeways,materialpossessionsareseenasevidenceofpeople'sabilities.BarryGoldwater,acandidateforthepresidencyin1964,saidthatmostpoorpeoplearepoorbecausetheydeservetobe.MostAmericanswouldfindthisaharshstatement,butmanymightthinktherewassometruthinit.ThesebasicvaluesdonottellthewholestoryoftheAmericancharacter.Rather,they文檔來源為:從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯.歡迎下載支持.shouldbethoughtofasthemes,aswecontinuetoexploremorefacetsoftheAmericancharacterandhowitaffectslifeintheUnitedStates.Para.4seemstosuggestthat.AmericansarebornwithasenseofcompetitionthepressureofcompetitionbeginswhenonestartsworksuccessfulcompetitionisessentialinAmericansocietycompetitionresultsinequalityofopportunitiesWhichofthefollowingmethodsdoestheauthormainlyuseinexplainingAmericanvalues?Comparison.Causeandeffect.Definition.Processanalysis.PASSAGETWOTheNobelsaretheoriginals,ofcourse.AlfredNobel,themanwhoinventeddeadlyexplosives,decidedtotryanddosomethinggoodwithallthemoneyheearned,andgaveprizestopeoplewhomadeprogressinliterature,science,economicsand一perhapsmostimportantly一peace.NotallawardsareasnobleastheNobels.Eventhoughmostcountrieshaveasystemforrecognizing,honoringandrewardingpeoplewhohavedonesomethinggoodintheircountries,therearenowhundredsofawardsandawardsceremoniesforallkindsofthings.TheOscarsareprobablythemostfamous,atimeforthe(mostly)Americanfilmindustrytotellitselfhowgooditis,anannualopportunityforbigstarstogiveeachotherawardsandmaketearfulspeeches.AswellasthattherearealsotheGoldenGlobes,apparentlyforthesamething.Butit'snotonlyfilms一nowtherearealsoGrammies,Brits,theMercuryPrizeandtheMTVandQawardsformusic.InBritain,awriterwhowinstheBookerprizecanexpecttoseetheirdifficult,literarynovelhitthebestsellerlistsandcompetewith“TheDaVinciCode”forpopularity.TheTurnerPrizeisanawardforaBritishcontemporaryartist一eachyearitcausescontroversybyapparentlygivinglotsofmoneytoartistswhodothingslikedisplayingtheirbeds,putanimalsinglasscasesor一thisyear一buildagardenshed.Awardsdon'tonlyexistforthearts.TherearenowawardsforSportsPersonalityoftheYear,forEuropeanFootballeroftheyearandWorldFootballeroftheYear.Thisseemsverystrange一sometimesawardscanbegoodtogiverecognitiontopeoplewhodeserveit,ortohelppeoplewhodon'tmakealotofmoneycarryontheirworkwithoutworryingaboutfinances,butprofessionalsoccerplayersthesedayscertainlyaren'tshortofcash!Manysmalltownsandcommunitiesallovertheworldalsohavetheirownawardsceremonies,forlocalwritersorartists,orjustforpeoplewhohavegraduatedfromhighschoolorgotauniversitydegree.EventheBritishCouncilhasitsownawardsfor“InnovationinEnglishLanguageTeaching”.Whyhavealltheseawardsandceremoniesappearedrecently?Shakespeareneverwonaprize,nordidLeonardodaVinciorAdamSmithorCharlesDickens.Itwouldbepossibletosay,however,thatinthepast,scientistsandartistscouldwin文檔來源為:從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯.歡迎下載支持.“patronage"fromrichpeople一akingoralordwouldgivetheartistorscientistmoneytohavethempainttheirpalacesorhelpthemdevelopnewwaysofmakingmoney.Withthechangeinsocialsystemsacrosstheworld,thisnolongerhappens.Scientificresearchisnoweitherfundedbythegovernmentorbyprivatecompanies.Perhapsawardsceremoniesarejustthemostrecentfaceofthisprocess.However,thereismoretoitthanthat.WhenafilmwinsanOscar,manymorepeoplewillgoandseeit,orbuytheDVD.WhenawriterwinstheNobelprize,manymorepeoplebuytheirbooks.WhenagroupwinstheMTVawards,theceremonyisseenbyhundredsofthousandsofpeopleacrosstheworld.Theresult?Thegroupsellsslotsmorerecords.Mostawardsceremoniesarenowsponsoredbybigorganizationsorcompanies.Thismeansthatitisnotonlythepersonwhowinstheawardwhobenefits一butalsothesponsors.TheMTVawards,forexample,aregreatforpublicizingnotonlymusic,butalsoMTVitself!Onthesurface,itseemstobea“win-win”situation,witheveryonebeinghappy,butletmeaskyouaquestion一howfardoyouthinkthatpublicityandmarketingarewinninghere,andhowmuchgenuinerecognitionofachievementistakingplace?Whatistheauthor'stonewhenhementionsawardssuchastheOscars,theGoldenGlobesandGrammies(Paras.3&4)?Amused.Appreciative.Sarcastic.Serious.AccordingtoPara.4,whatwouldhappentoawardwinningwriters?Theywouldenjoyamuchlargerreadership.Theywouldturntopopularnovelwriting.Theywouldcontinuenon-fictionwriting.Theywouldtrycontroversialformsofart.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestsumsupPara.6?Awardsceremoniesareheldforlocalpeople.Awardsceremoniesareheldonimportantoccasions.Awardsceremoniesareheldincertainprofessions.Awardsceremoniesareheldofallsortsofreasons.AccordingtoPara.8,onedifferencebetweenscientistsandartistsinthepastandthoseatpresentliesin.natureofworkpersonalcontactsourceoffundingsocialstatusItcanbeconcludedfromPmotemarketratherthanachievementsdogoodtobothmarketandpopularity文檔來源為文檔來源為:從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯.歡迎下載支持.helpthosewhoarereallytalentedareeffectiveinmakingpeoplepopularPASSAGETHREEKnowingthatMrs.Mallardwassufferingfromahearttrouble,greatcarewastakentobreaktoherasgentlyaspossiblethenewsofherhusband'sdeath.ItwashersisterJosephinewhotoldher,inbrokensentence.Herhusband'sfriendRichardswasthere,too,nearher.Itwashewhohadbeeninthenewspaperofficewhennewsoftherailroaddisasterwasreceived,withBrentlyMallard'snameleadingthelistof“killed.”Hehadonlytakenthetimetoassurehimselfofitstruthbyasecondtelegram.Sheweptatonce,inhersister'sarms.Whenthestormofgriefhadspentitselfshewentawaytoherroomalone.Shewouldhavenoonefollowher.Therestood,facingtheopenwindow,acomfortablearmchair.Intothisshesank,presseddownbyaphysicalexhaustionthathauntedherbodyandseemedtoreachintohersoul.Shecouldseeintheopensquarebeforeherhousethetopsoftrees.Thedeliciousbreathofrainwasintheair.Inthestreetbelowapeddlerwascryinghiswares.Thenotesofadistantsongwhichsomeonewassingingreachedherfaintly,andcountlesssparrowsweretwitteringintheeaves.Therewerepatchesofblueskyshowinghereandtherethroughthecloudsthathadmetandpiledoneabovetheotherinthewestfacingherwindow.Shesatwithherheadthrownbackuponthecushionofthechair,quitemotionless,exceptwhenasobcameupintoherthroatandshookher,asachildwhohascrieditselftosleepcontinuestosobinitsdreams.Shewasyoung,withafair,calmface,whoselinesbespokerepressionandevenacertainstrength.Butnowtherewasadullstareinhereyes,whosegazewasfixedoutthereononeofthosepatchesofbluesky.Itwasnotaglanceofreflection,butratherindicatedasuspensionofintelligentthought.Therewassomethingcomingtoherandshewaswaitingforit,fearfully.Whatwasit?Shedidnotknow;itwastoosubtleandelusivetoname.Butshefeltit,creepingoutofthesky,reachingtowardherthroughthesounds,thescents,thecolorthatfilledtheair.Nowherbosomroseandfelltumultuously.Shewasbeginningtorecognizethisthingthatwasapproachingtopossessher,andshewasstrivingtobeatitbackwithherwill一aspowerlessashertwowhiteslenderhandswouldhavebeen.Whensheabandonedherselfalittlewhisperedwordescapedherslightlypartedlips.Shesaiditoverandoverunderherbreath:“free,free,free!”Thevacantstareandthelookofterrorthathadfolloweditwentfromhereyes.Theystayedkeenandbright.Herpulsesbeatfast,andthecoursingbloodwarmedandrelaxedeveryinchofherbody.Sheknewthatshewouldweepagainwhenshesawthekind,tenderhandsfoldedindeath;theface,fixedandgrayanddead.Butshesawbeyondthatbittermomentalongprocessionofyearstocomethatwouldbelongtoherabsolutely.Andsheopenedandspreadherarmsouttotheminwelcome.Therewouldbenoonetoliveforduringthosecomingyears;shewouldliveforherself.Therewouldbenopowerfulwillbendinghersinthatblindpersistencewithwhichmenand文檔來源為:從網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集整理.word版本可編輯.歡迎下載支持.womenbelievetheyhavearighttoimposeaprivatewilluponafellow-creature.Andyetshehadlovedhim—sometimes.Oftenshehadnot.Whatdiditmatter!Whatcouldlove,theunsolvedmystery,countforinfaceofthispossessionofself-assertionwhichshesuddenlyrecognizedasthestrongestimpulseofherbeing!“Free!Bodyandsoulfree!”shekeptwhispering.Josephinewaskneelingbeforethecloseddoorwithherlipstothekeyhole,imploringforadmission.“Louise,openthedoor!Ibeg;openthedoor一youwillmakeyourselfill.Whatareyoudoing,Louise?Forheaven'ssakeopenthedoor.”“Goaway.Iamnotmakingmyselfill."No;shewasdrinkinginaveryelixir(長(zhǎng)生不老藥)oflifethroughthatopenwindow.Herfancywasrunningriotalongthosedaysaheadofher.Springdays,andsummerdays,andallsortsofdaysthatwouldbeherown.Shebreathedaquickprayerthatlifemightbelong.Itwasonlyyesterdayshehadthoughtwithashudderthatlifemightbelong.Shearoseatlengthandopenedthedoor.Therewasafeverishtriumphinhereyes,andshecarriedherselfunwittinglylikeagoddessofVictory.Sheclaspedhersister'swaist,andtogethertheydescendedthestairs.Richardsstoodwaitingforthematthebottom.Someonewasopeningthefrontdoorwithalatchkey.ItwasBrentlyMallardwhoentered,alittletravel-stained,composedlycarryinghisbagandumbrella.Hehadbeenfarfromthesceneoftheaccident,anddidnotevenknowtherehadbeenone.HestoodamazedatJosephine'spiercingcry;atRichards'quickmotiontoscreenhimfromtheviewofhiswife.ButRichardswastoolate.Whenthedoctorscametheysaidshehaddiedofheartdisease一ofthejoythatkills.HowdidMrsMallardgetthenewsofherhusband'sdeath?Herhusband'sfriendtoldher.Shehadreaditfromthepaper.HersisterJosephinetoldher.Herdoctorbrokethenewstoher.WhenMrsMallardwasaloneinherroom,she.satinanarmchairallthetimesatwithherbackfacingthewindowsatandthenwalkedaroundforawhilesatinachairandcriedallthetimeHowdidshefeelaboutherlovetowardsherhusband?Shehatedherhusband.Shewasindifferentnow.Shefoundithardtodescribe.Shehadlovedhimallalong.SECTIONBSHORTANSWERQUESTIONSInthissectiontherearefiveshortanswerquestionsbasedonthepassagesinSectionA.AnswerthequestionswithNOMORETHANTENWORDSinthespaceprovidedonANSWERSHEETTWO.PASSAGEONEOfallthevaluesmentionedinthepassage,whichoneisregardedasthemostfundamental?PASSAGETWOWhatcanbeinferredfromthesentence“NotallawardsareasnobleastheNobels.”accordingtoPara.2?Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfrom