市華東師范第二附屬中學(xué)2018屆高三11月第一周英語試題版含答案

GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Inshort,thoseelfstoriesinIcelandmighthaverepresentedavagueyetdesperateattemptatcontrol:ifyoudidtherightthingandhelpedouta,thenatleastthroughyourresponseyouhadatinybitofpoweroveryourowndestiny.Inacategoryoftheirown_21_(be)thetalesofelveswhoabductedmortalchildrenorluredawayadolescents.Thosemayhavereflectedaneventmoregrimreality:childrenandteenagerswhoroutinelydiedorwent_22_(miss).Partlythishappened_23_theadultshadtoworkconstantlyandcouldnotalwaysbeoncalltosupervise.Duringthesummerstheyoftenhadtoworksomedistancefromthefarm,andwhentheydidtheywouldleavetheirchildrenunattendedfor_24_(long)periods.Anynumberofthingscouldhappentothosechildren.Theymightwanderoffsomewhere,possiblyfallingintoariver,_25_acliff,orintoadeepcreviceinthelandscape.Ormaybethechildren_26_wereoutworking,withalltheassociatedperils.Asclearlyastheageoffivetheywereputintoworkwatchingthesheep,sometimesinadistantfield.Imagine_27_afogcreptinandtheytriedtofindtheirwayhome,only_28_(e)hopelesslost.Theycouldevenhaveanaccident,farfromanyavailablehelp.Andsothe_29_(bereave)parents,tormentedbyguilt,mightconjureupastoryinwhichtheirchildrenhadnot,infact,died,buthadbeentakenawaybyelveswhocouldprovideagoodlifeforthem-evenbetterthantheonethey_30_(provide).TotheIcelanders,storiesofelvesandhiddenpeopleareanintegralpartoftheculturalandpsychologicalfabricofournation.Theyareapartofouridentity,areflectionofthestruggles,hopes,resilienceandenduranceofpeople.Assuch,theyareverydeartous.SectionBA.benefitsB.displacedC.employedD.eventuallyE.impactG.productiveH.responsiveI.shrunkJ.sweptDirections:FillineachblankA.benefitsB.displacedC.employedD.eventuallyE.impactG.productiveH.responsiveI.shrunkJ.sweptInnovation,theelixirofprogress,hasalwayscostpeopletheirjobs.Intheindustrialrevolutionhandweaverswere_31_asidebythemechanicalloom.Overthepast30yearsthedigitalrevolutionhas_32_manyofthemid-skilljobsthatsupported20th-centurymiddle-classlife.Typists,ticketagents,banklersandmanyproduction-linejobshavebeendispensedwith,justastheweaverswere.Forthosewhobelievethattechnologicalprogresshasmadetheworldabetterplace,suchdisruptionisanaturalpartofrising_33_.Althoughinnovationkillssomejobs,itcreatesnewandbetterones,asamore_34_societyesricheranditswealthierinhabitantsdemandmoregoodsandservices.AhundredyearsagooneinthreeAmericanworkerswas_35_onafarm.Todaylessthan2%ofthemproducefarmorefood.Themillionsfreedfromthelandwerenotrendered_36_,butfoundbetter-paidworkastheeconomygrewmoresophisticated.Todaythepoolofsecretarieshas_37_,butthereareevermorecomputerprogrammersandwebOptimismremainstherightstarting-point,butforworkersthedislocatingeffectsoftechnologymaymakethemselvesevidentfasterthanits_38_.Evenifnewjobsandwonderfulproductsemerge,intheshorttermegapswillwiden,causinghugesocialdislocationandperhapsevenchangingpolitics.Technology's_39_willfeellikeatornado（旋風(fēng)）,hittingtherichworldfirst,but_40_sweethroughpoorercountriestoo.NoernmentispreparedforReadingComprehensionSectionDirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.ScientistsinNorwayhavemoregoodnewsforcoffeedrinkers.Researchershavealreadyfoundevidencethatthedrinkorthebeanscanhelpwithweightloss,_41_one'sriskofdevelosomediseases,promotemusclegrowth,protectagainstcertaintypesofcancersandcanevenreduceone'sriskofprematuredeath,amongmanyother_42_.Nowcomeswordthatacupof_43_reducesphysicalThesurprisingfindingis_44_astudyinvolving48volunteerswhoagreedtospend90minutesperformingfakecomputertasksmeanttofinishofficework.Thetaskswereknowntohowpeoplewithpainandthosewhowerepain-freetoleratedthepainofsuchtasks.Asamatterofconvenience,thescientistsallowedpeopletodrinkcoffeebeforetakingtherest‘toavoid_47_effectsofcaffeinelack,e.g.decreasedvigorandalertness,sleepiness,andexhaustion.’theyWhenitcametimetoyzethedatatheresearchersfromNorway'sNationalInstituteofOccupationalHealthandOsloUniversityHospitalnoticedthatthethe19peoplewhodrankcoffeereportedalower_48_ofpainthanthe29peoplewhodidn't.Intheshouldersandneck,_49_,theaveragepainwasrated41(ona100-pointscale)amongthecoffeedrinkersand55forthenon-coffeedrinkers.Similargapswerefoundforallpainsitesmeasured,andcoffee'sapparentpain-reducationeffect_50_.However,theauthorsofthestudy,whichwaspublishedthisweekinthejournalBMCResearchNotes,warnthattheresultsofthestudycomewithmany_51_.Forstarters,theresearchersdon'tknowhowmuchcoffeethecoffeedrinkersconsumedbeforetakingthecomputertask._52_,theydoubtwhetherthecoffeedrinkersandnon-coffeedrinkerswere_53_inallrespectsexpectfortheircoffeeconsumption.Problemslikethesetendto_54_theimportanceofthethosedoubtsare_55_totroublethecoffeedrinkerslookingforanyreasonnottocutbackontheirdailycaffeinehabit. 44.A.basedon B.fondof D.qualifiedfor 49.A.ontheB.asaD.inone50.A.turnedB.tookD.gave SectionDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.AShoppersintheUKarespendinglessmoneyontoiletpapertosavemoney,researchhasshown.PennypinchingUKconsumerschoosecheaperproductsfromdiscounterssuchasAldiandLidiratherthanluxuryalternatives.Thishaswiped6%offthevalueofthesofttissuepapermarketintheUK.Ithasshrunkfrom￡1.19billionin2011to￡1.12billionin2015,accordingtoanewreportfrommarketresearchcompanyMin.Furthermore,thefutureofthemarketlooksfarfromrosy,withsalesexpectedtofallfutureofthemarketlooksfarfromrosy,withsalesexpectedtofallfurtherto￡1.11billionin2016.Inthelastyearalone,despiteanincreaseintheUKpopulationandasubsequentriseinthenumberofhouseholds,salesoftoiletpaperfellby2%,withtheaveragehouseholdreducingtheirtoiletrollspendingfrom￡43in2014￡41inOverall,almostthreeinfivepeoplesaytheytrytolimittheirusageofpaper-includingfacialtissueandkitchenroll—tosavemoney."Strength,softnessandthicknessremaintheleadingindicatorsODMtoiletpaperquality,withjustasmallproportionofconsumerspreferringmoreluxuriousalternatives,suchasthosewithflowerpatternsorperfume,"saidMinystJackDuckett."Theseextrafeaturesaredeemedunnecessarybythemajorityofshoppers,whichprobablyreflectshowthesetypesofproductsaretypicallymoreexpensivethanregulartoiletpaper,evenwhenonspecialoffer."Whileconsunmersarespendinglessontoiletpaper,theyremainfussy-theoryatleast-whenitcomestopaperquality.TopofBritons'toiletpaperwishlistissoftness(57%)followedbystrength(45%)andthickness(36%).Onein10buyersranktoiletrollsmadefromrecycledpaperamongtheirtopconsiderations,highlightinghowoveralltheenvironmentismuchlessofaconsiderationforshoppersthanproductquality.Inachallengeformanufactures,81%ofpaperproductuserssaidtheywouldconsiderbuyingrecycledtoilettissueifitwerecomparableinqualitytostandardpaper.Themarketsalesoftoiletpaperhavedecreased Britonshavecuttheirspendingonit B.itspriceshavegoneupovertheyearC.itsqualityhasseenmarkedimprovement developedthehabitofsavingWhatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureofthetissuepapermarketintheA.Itwillexpandintime. B.Itwillremaingloomy.C.Itwillexperienceupsanddowns. D.Itwillrecoveraspopulationgrows.WhatdowelearnaboutBritonsconcerningtoiletpaper?A.Theyareparticularaboutthequalityoftoiletpaper.B.TheyemphasizethestrengthoftoiletpapertheC.TheyprefercheaptoiletpapertorecycledtoiletD.TheyrejectusingtoiletpaperwithunnecessaryWhatcanweinferfromthelastMoreandmoreBritonsbuyrecycledtoiletpapertoprotecttheToiletpapermanufacturersarefacingagreatchallengeinpromotingitsToiletpapermanufacturerscompetewithoneanothertoimprove.D.EnvironmentalprotectionisnotmuchofaconcernwhenBritonsbuytoiletpaper.BTheHonorsPrograminBiochemistry&MolecularBiology(HPBMB)isofferedtomaturehighschoolseniorswithstrongacademicabilityandachievementwhocareersinbiologicalorbiomedicalscience.StudentscanearnbothaBachelorofScience(B.S.)andaDoctorofPhilosophyDegree(Ph.D.)inapproximay6ApplicantstotheHonorsPrograminBiochemistry&MolecularBiologymustbeintheirlastyearofhighschool.Undergraduateswillhavetheopportunitytoworkwithtop-levelresearchscientistsinBiochemistry&MolecularBiologyandalsoinclinicallaboratorieswithscientiststhatareassociatedwiththedepartment.Theywillconductintensivelaboratoryworkintheareasofbiochemistry,molecularbiologyornutritionalbiochemistrystartinginthesummerbeforetheirfirstfallsemesterstarts.Byspringoftheirjunioryear,studentswillprepareanundergraduatethesisaspreparationfortheirentryintograduateschool.Atthattimetheywillstarttakinggraduatecoursesandcontinuetodoresearchwithagraduatefacultymember.TobeconsideredstudentshaveacombinedSATIscoreof1400(combinedMathandCriticalReadingmeettheSATIIscorerequirementofatleast600inMath,andonescience(Biology,ChemistryorPhysics)havecompletedeightsemestersofEnglishandmathematicsandtwosemesterseachofbiologyandtwosemesterseachofbiologyandchemistrybythetimetheygraduatefromhighschoolcompleteallcomponentsofyourCommonApplicationforundergraduateadmissionbyNovember1ofyoursenioryearcompleteasupplementalapplicationformfortheHonorsPrograminBiochemistry&MolecularBiologyincludeacounselormendation,threelettersofmendationfromteachersinsupportofyourapplicationtotheHonorsProgramandaalSendallDualAdmissionHonorsProgramapplicationmaterialsDualAdmissionHonorsProgramsOfficeofAdmissionUniversityofMiamiP.O.BoxCoralGables,FL33124-Faxnumber:(513)529-7592(513)529-FormoreinformationontheDr.ThomasDirector,UndergraduateandMedicalEducationBiochemistryandMolecularBiologyOffice:GautierBuilding,Room111E-Mail:Wecanlearnfromthepassage Gradeonestudentsinahighschoolcanapplyfortheit'spossibleforgraduatestoobtainbothabachelor'sdegreeandadoctor'sgraduatesarepromisedtohaveachancetoworkwithtopbiomedicalathesisisnotnecessaryifanundergraduatewantstogotograduateWhichofthefollowingisanunnecessaryrequirementforA.AcombinedSATIscoreofB.AcombinedSATIIscoreof600inMathandonescience.C.Threelettersof mendationfromhisteachers.D.Aletter mendationfromtheWhat'sthepurposeofthisTolthestudentshowtolearnwellinBiochemistry&MolecularTointroduceaveryfamousuniversity"UniversityofMiami"ToattractexcellenthighschoolgraduatestoapplyfortheHonorsTogiveinformationonhowtocontactDirectoroftheHonorsCThehealthbenefitsofengaginginphysicalactivity(PA)duringchildhoodincludeenhancedfitness,cognitivefunctionandbonehealth;reducedbodyfatness,motorskilldevelopment,andfavourablecardiovascularandmetabolicdiseaseriskprofiles.Beingactiveduringchildhoodcanalsoimproveself-esteemandreducesymptomsofanxietyanddepression.ParticipationinPAinyouthisofgreatimportanceasPAmattrackintoadulthoodwhereadequatelevelspfPAareprotectiveagainstmanychronicdiseases.However,intheUKappropriay75%ofboysand80%ofgirlsaged5-10yearsarenotmeetingthedailymendationof60minutesofmoderatetovigorousphysicalactivity...Unstructuredplayisalsoanessentialpartofchildhoodwhichenableschildrentodeveloparelationshipwiththeirsurroundingsandenhancessocialskills,coordinationandstrength.OutdoorenvironmentsfacilitateplayandareassociatedwithincreasedlevelsofPA.Thus,childrenshouldbeprovidedwithdailyopportunitiestoplayoutdoors.Theschoolenvironmentprovidessuchanopportunitythroughtheprovisionofplaytime.Playtimenormallytakesplaceontheconcreteschoolplaygroundandlastsforatleastonehourperday.However,universallyplaytimeisreportedtomakerelativelysmallcontributionstochildren'soveralldailyactivityrequirements.IntheUK,onlyoneknownstudyhasreportedthecontributionofplaytimetooverallactivityrequirements,withcontributionsbeingaslowas4.5%.AnumberofstudieshavesuccessfullyincreasedplaytimePAthroughtheintroductionofinterventionssuchassportsorgamesequipment,playgroundmarkings,fitnessbreaksandplaygroundstructures.However,thesetypesofinterventionstendtofacilitatestructuredratherthanunstructuredPA.UnstructuredPAisessentialtochildhooddevelopmentandthereforeneedstobeencouragedduringplaytime.NaturalenvironmentscanencourageunstructuredplayandmaythereforeplayaroleinfacilitatingunstructuredPAduringplaytime.Naturalenvironmentsprovidelargeopenspaceswhichencourageindividualstobeactive,whilstareaslackingnaturemayrestrictPAduetolimitedspaceandparentalfearsoverandroadtraffic.Childrenreportapreferenceforplayinnaturalenvironments,withnaturefacilitatingmoreimaginativeandinventiveplay.Furthermore,adolescentslivinginurbansettingswithaccesstogreenspacessuchasparksaremorelikelytobephysicallyactivethantheirpeerswithoutparkaccess,indicatingthatallformsofnaturecanbeusedasatoolforengagingyouthinPA.Thus,ifschoolplaytimewereperformedontheschoolfielditispossiblethatchildren'sPAlevelswouldbeincreased.Todate,thereisalackofdatafyingtheimpactofnaturalenvironmentsonlevelsofPAinchildren,particularlywithintheschoolsetting.PerformingPAinanaturalenvironment("GreenExercise")hasalsobeendemonstratedtoprovideimprovementsinself-esteeminadults,whetherparticipantsaresimplyviewingscenesofnatureordirectlyinteractingwithnaturalenvironments.StudiesinadolescentsandchildrensuggestthatGreenExercisehasnosuchadditiveeffectonself-esteemcomparedtoexerciseinotherHowever,theonlyknownstudyinchildrenexaminedtheimpactofagreenplaytimeinterventionconsistingoforienteering（定向越野比賽）.Thetask-oriented,structurednatureoforienteeringmaynotfacilitatethegreenexerciseeffect.Unstructuredfreeplayinanaturalenvironmentmayallowgreaterinteractionwiththeenvironment,thusbenefitingself-esteem.63.ThepurposeofthepassageistoA.defendunpopularauntestedC.summarizevariousstudiesofasocialcondition. misconceptionssurroundinganissue.Asusedinpar.1"track"mostnearly Whatdoestheauthorclaimabout"GreenExercise"inItbenefitsadults'self-esteembutitseffectsonchildrenhavenotbeenfullyLookingatimagesofnaturalenvironmentsisthebestwaytoimproveself-Adolescentsdonotbenefitfromgreenexerciseinthesamewaythatadultsdo.D.Self-esteemcanonlyrisethroughdirectinteractionwiththeenvironment.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutphysicalactivityinanaturalenvironment?A.Scientificstudieshavedeterminedthatphysicalactivitycanonlybenefitself-esteeminadults.B.Therelationshipbetweenphysicalactivityinnatureandself-esteemrequiresfurtherstudy.C.Althoughithasbeenstudied,physicalactivityinanaturalenvironment'seffectsareunclearinbothchildrenandadults.D.Physicalactivityinanaturalenvironmentbenefitsself-esteeminbothchildrenandadults.SectionDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Ilistenedtoit20timesatleast.B.ThatplacemademewhatIammunitycollegeshaveimprovedalottheseD.ThoseplaysfilledmyheadwithexpandedE.Ofcourse,IenjoyedthepleasureofeatingFrenchfriesbetweenF.SoIsentmytestresultstoChabot,acommunitycollegeinnearbyHayward,California,whichacceptedeveryoneandwasfree.IoweitalltomycommunityIn1974,IgraduatedfromSkylineHighSchoolinOakland,California,anunderachievingstudentwithpoorSATscores.Icouldn’taffordtuitionforcollegeanyway._67_.Forthousandsofcommutingstudentslikeme,ChabotwasourHarvard,offeringcourseinphysics,stenography,auto-mechanics,certifiedaccounting,foreignlanguage,journalismandsoon.Classmatesincluded（老兵）backfromVietnam,marriedwomenreturningtoschool,middle-agedmenwantingtoimprovetheiremploymentprospectsandpaychecks.WecouldgetourgeneraleducationrequirementsoutofthewayatChabot—creditswecouldtransfertoauniversity—whichmadethosetwoyearsaninvaluableheadstart.ClassesItookatChabothaverippled（起漣漪）throughmyprofessionalpond.IproducedtheHBOmini-seriesJohnAdamswithanoutlineformatIlearnedfromapipe-smokinghistorian,JamesCoovelis,whoselectureswereinteresting.MaryLouFitzgerald's"StudiesinShakespeare"taughtmehowthefive-actstructuresofRichardIII,TheTempest,andOtofocusedtheirthemes.InHerbKennedy's"DramainPerformance,"IreadplayslikeTheHotLBaltimoreandDesireUndertheE,thensawtheirproductions.Igottoseetheplayshetaught,throughstudentrushticketsattheAmericanConservatoryTheaterinSanFranciscoandtheBerkeleyRepertoryTheatre._68_.IgotanA.SomehoursIstayedinthehugelibrary,whereIfirstreadtheNewYorkTimes,frustratedbyitslackofcomics.IfChabot'slibrarystillhasitscollectionofvinylrecords（黑膠唱片）,youwillfindmynamerepeatedlyonthetakeoutslipofJasonRobards'sperformanceofthemonologueofEugeneO'Neill._69_.ChabotCollegeisstillinHayward,thoughMr.Coovelis,Ms.Fitzgerald,andMr.Kennedyarenolongerthere.Idrovepastthecampusafewyearsagowithoneofmykidsandsummedupmytwoyearstherethisway:“_70_.”SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandmainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.LearnfromThebestwaytolearnsomethingistomakemistakesfirst.ThomasEdison,whoinventedthelightbulb,toldhiscolleagues:"Ofthe200lightbulbsthatdidn'twork,everyfailuretoldmesomethingIwasabletoincorporateintothenextattempt."BenjaminFranklin,theUSstatesmanandscientistoncesaid:“Ifailed.Ihavehad10,000ideasthatdidn'tBoththesepeopleunderstoodthatfailuresandfalsestartsaretheconditionofsuccess.Infact,asurprisingnumberofev