賓語從句課件與講解

賓語從句課件與講解賓語從句課件與講解賓語從句課件與講解

We

know

him．

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s謂v謂v賓o賓o賓語從句就是由一個句子來構(gòu)成主句的賓語

主s謂v賓o簡單句復合句一、什么是賓語從句？試比較二、賓語從句三要素引導詞（連接詞）語序(人稱)時態(tài)DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut(宇航員)?Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.

Pleasetellme

whereshehasgone.Idon’tknowifhewillcometonight.Let’sfindoutwhat’sontonight.FindouttheObjectClauses

WeareproudofthatBeijingisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.引導詞（連接詞）2.由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which,what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導的賓語從句。這些連詞既有詞義又充當句子成份。e.g.1)Doyouknowwhosebookitis?（誰的，作定語）2)Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?（為什么，作狀語）3)Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.（誰，作主語）注：that在句中無詞義，在從句中不能充當句子成分，在口語中往往被省略。e.g.Ihear(that)

hewillbebackinanhour.1.由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句賓語從句的引導詞(一)3.由從屬連詞whether,if引導的賓語從句e.g.Iwanttoknowif/whethersheisright.Theydidn’tknowwhetherTomcouldcomebackornot.if/whether引導賓語從句表示“是否”之義，在句中不充當句子成份。if/whether可互換,但whether…ornot為固定搭配.看一看：Idon’tknowifitwillraintomorrow.Ifitrains,I’llstayathome.Iwanttoknowwhenhewillcomeback.Whenhecomesback,pleasetellme.想一想：when和if可以引導什么從句？它們的時態(tài)有什么特點？when和if既可以引導賓語從句，也可以引導狀語從句。在賓語從句中，時態(tài)根據(jù)需要確定；在狀語從句中，遵循主將從現(xiàn)的原則。Idon’tknow_____hewillcomeornot.Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek.____hewillcomeisnotdecided.及ornot連用只能用whether介詞后只能用whether及todo不定式連用只能用whether作主語只能用whether注意：只能用whether不能用if的情況注意：只能用whether不能用if的情況1.當ornot緊隨連詞之后時。如：Idon'tknowwhetherornothewillcomeontime.我不知道他能否按時來。2.從句用作介詞賓語時。如：Iaminterestedinwhetherhejoinedthearmy.我對他是否入伍很感興趣。3.在帶to的動詞不定式前。如：Shedoesn'tknowwhethertogotothecinemaortowatchTVathome.她不知道是去看電影還是在家看電視。4.當賓語從句移至句首表強調(diào)時。如：Whetherthisistrueornot,I'mnotsure.這是否真實，我不敢肯定。Practicetime選擇if/whether。1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.3.Iwonder___________he

iswell.4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.5.Idon’tknow_______togo.

if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether注意：只能用if不能用whether的情況

1.引導條件狀語從句Ifherunsfast,he’llgetthereontime.I’llgotoseeyouifIhavetime.2.引導否定的賓語從句Tellmeifitisnotgoingtorain,please.時態(tài)條件狀語從句：主將從現(xiàn)賓語從句：根據(jù)需要用相應(yīng)時態(tài)

(二)、語序賓語從句的語序用陳述語序：連接詞+主語+謂語+其他成分1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?

Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.2.Whatdidhewanttobuy?Idon’tknowwhathewantedtobuy.主句+連接詞+從句（主+謂+其他成分）即：助動詞不能放在主語前面。改一改

將下列問句變成陳述句。

1.Canheswim?→

swim.

2.Doeshehaveapen?→

apen.

3.Whichplacedidhegoto?→Whichplace

.

4.What'swrongwithyou?→

.

5.Whathappenedtoyou?→

.

6.Whichisthewaytothestation?→

.

想一想為什么4，5，6語序不變？

HecanHehashewenttoWhathappenedtoyouWhat'swrongwithyou說一說將上面的句子置于一個主句后，變成一個賓語從句。Whichisthewaytothestation

What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?

Whoisoverthere？注：當從句的原句為以下句子以及what,who作主語時，語序不變：eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Canyoutellmewhoheis?做主語做賓語(三).賓語從句中時態(tài)的變化Ihear(that)Jim

(be)

aworkertwoyearsago.Jim

(be)anEnglishteachernow.

Jim(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jim(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.Jim

(learn)1000Chinesewordsbytheendoflastsemester.

填一填wasiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplayinghadlearned1.當主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的需要使用任何一種時態(tài)。（需要性原則）2.當主句是一般過去時的時候，賓語從句必須運用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時態(tài)，從而達到主句和從句的相互一致。（呼應(yīng)性原則）1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heissick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinishedhiswork.1)HetoHongKong.2)Hesick.3)He

abook.4)HeHesaid辨一辨wouldgo

waswasreading

hiswork.hadfinished確定從句的時態(tài)(根據(jù)主句時態(tài))主句時態(tài)從句時態(tài)連接前連接后一般現(xiàn)在時時態(tài)保持不變一般過去時一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般過去時過去完成時一般將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時1.Theradiosaysit_______cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)3.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.4.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)5.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)

willbe

goes

havereturned

hadbeen

risesPracticetime3.如果賓語從句表示客觀真理、普遍原理、自然現(xiàn)象、公式定理、名言警句、諺語、格言等，不論主句用何種時態(tài)，從句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時。（特殊性原則）Hetoldme(that)SummerisafterSpring.Iwastold(that)thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.

Myparentstoldme(that)nonewsisgoodnews.比一比賓語從句的簡化

1.當主句謂語動詞是hope,agree,choose,wish,decide等，其后用that引導的賓語從句，若主從句主語相同時，從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：HeagreedthathecouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.→HeagreedtohelpmewithmyEnglish.2.當主句謂語動詞為see,hear,watch,find等詞時，其后that賓語從句常簡化為“賓語+賓語補定語”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補多為不帶to的不定式或動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。如：Iheardthatshesangsomesongsinthenextroom.→Iheardhersingsomesongsinthenextroom.3.由特殊疑問詞引導的賓語從句，若從句的主語及主句的主語或間接賓語相一致時，可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddo.→Idon'tknowwhattodo.比一比Idon’tknowwhereIshouldgo.TellmehowIcandoit.Idon’tknowwheretogo.Tellmehowtodoit.你有什么發(fā)現(xiàn)？

結(jié)論：由連接代詞和連接副詞引導的賓語從句←→疑問詞+todo的簡單句。

條件：(1).主主從主

(2).主(間)賓從主練一練

1.Idon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.(變?yōu)楹唵尉洌?/p>

→Idon’tknow

next.

2.Johndidn’tdecidewhichbookhewouldbuy.(變?yōu)楹唵尉洌鶭ohndidn’tdecide

.

3.Canyoutellmehowtogettothebusstop?(變?yōu)閺秃暇洌鶦anyoutellme

thebusstop?

4.PleasetellLucyhowtousetheMP5.(變?yōu)閺秃暇洌鶦anyoutell

Lucy

theMP5.

賓語從句及簡單句的轉(zhuǎn)換①②WhattodowhichbooktobuyhowIcangettohowshecanuse賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移當主句謂語動詞為think,suppose,guess,believe,imagine等詞時，并且主語為第一人稱時，從句的否定詞應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語動詞上來。其反意疑問句看從句。如：Hewon’tcometomorrow.Ibelieve.

Idon'tbelievethathewillcometomorrow.Idon'tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell,doesit?

我認為這件衣服不適合你穿,是嗎？Idon'tthinkyouareright，areyou?我認為你是錯的,是嗎？Idon'tbelieveyouwillfinishtheworktoday,willyou?我認為你今天無法完成工作,是嗎？Findoutthemistakesandcorrectthem.1

Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?

2SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3

Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.

4

Doyouknowwhocaritis?

wasiswhose六.課堂檢測Couldyoutellme

?A.wherethetwinswere

B.wherethetwinsare

CwherearethetwinsD.wherewerethetwinsA:Doyouknow

?

B:Yes,hecameherebytrain.

A.whenhecamehere

B.ifhewillcomehere

C.whyhecamehere

D.howhecamehere3.Shesaysshe

Englishfortenyears.

A.learned

B.haslearned

C.waslearning

D.havelearned4.Theteachertoldusthattheearth

round.

A.was

B.is

C.willbe

D.wouldbe5.Tellme

.A.whatwrongiswithhim

B.what'swrongtohimC.whatthematteriswithhim

D.what'sthematterwithhim6.Myfriendaskedme

.

A.whoisthegirl

B.whothegirlwas

C.whowasthegirl

D.whothegirlⅡ.Choosetherightanswers.BDBBDB賓語從句三要素引導詞that（陳述句

）if／whether（一般疑問句

）特殊疑問詞（特殊疑問句)時態(tài)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時從句可為任何時態(tài)主句為一般過去時從句一般過去時過去將來時過去進行時過去完成時語序賓語從句的語序都為陳述句語序客觀真理自然現(xiàn)象公式定理名言警句時態(tài)不變七.本課小結(jié)()1.

Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.ifB.thatC.weatherD.whether()2.

Wedon'tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which()3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontimetomorrow.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime()4.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABCPractice()5.Couldyoushowme________?

A.howcanIgettothestation

B.whereisthestation

C.howIcouldgettothestation

D.howIcanreachthestation()6.Pleasetellme_______.

A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslike

C.whathelikesD.whathelike()7.Mysistertoldhim________.

A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrived

C.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD()8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.

A.whoisheB.whoheis

C.whoisitD.whoitis()9.Couldyoutellmehowlong__________?

A.youhaveboughtthewatch

B.youhavekeptthissciencebook

C.haveyoubeenawayfromChina

D.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina()10.Hesaysthatifit_______tomorrow,he_______fishing.

A.willrain,won'tgoB.rained,wasn'tgo

C.rains,won'tgoD.rain,willgoBCD將下列句子合并為一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.

Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.

Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”

Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.賓語從句專項練習一、將下面的句子連接成為含有賓語從句的復合句。

1．TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.Hesaid_______theseflowers_______fromGuangdong.

2.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldme____light____fasterthansound.

3.Willtherebeameetinginfivedays?Jackdidn’tknow.Jackdidn’tknow_____there_________ameetinginfivedays.

thatwerethattravelsifwouldbe4．CantheyspeakFrench?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow______

___________

_______French.

5．Arethechildrenplayinggames?Tellme.Tellme______thechildren____________games.6．Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang.Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang

____

_________

____

___homeworkyet.7．Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Whoknows?Whoknows____

_____

_____

____

____

____inthepicture?

howmanypeopleyoucanseeIf/whethertheycanspeakIf/whetherareplayingif/whether

he

hadfinishedhis8．Wheredidsheparkhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknow______________hercar?9．Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?Thegirlwondered.Thegirlwondered__________often________about.10．Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?Idon’tknow.

Idon’tknow___________atthedoorsoloudly.11.Doeshestillliveinthatstreet?Idon'tknow.Idon'tknow______hestill_______inthatstreet.

if/whetherlivedwheresheparkedwhathetalkedwho

knocked12.What'shisname?Iaskedhim.Iaskedhimwhat_______________.13.Whendoesthetrainarrive?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme___________________________.14.Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.Heaskedtheboys_______they______friedchicken.15.WasthewatchmadeinShanghai?Idon'tknow.Idon'tknow_______thewatch_______madeinShanghai.

if/whetherwaswhathisname’swhenthetrainarrivesif/whetherwanted二、選擇填空。1.WhatdidMikesay?Hesaid____________________.A.ifyouarefreethenextweekB.whatcolourwasitC.theweatherisfineD.summercomesafterspring2.Tomaskedmyfriend________________.A.wherewashefromB.thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoonC.whendidhecomebackD.nottobesoangry3.Letmetellyou__________________.A.howmuchisthecarB.howmuchdoesthecarcostC.howmuchdidIpayforthecarD.howmuchIspentonthecar4.Peterknew_______.A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebookB.whytheboyhadsomanyquestionsC.therewere12monthsinayearD.whentheywillleaveforParis5.Couldyoutellme___________?A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingforC.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein6.Ican'tunderstand____theboyalone.A.whysheleftB.whydidsheleaveC.whyshehadleftD.whyhadsheleft7.Shetoldmethesun______intheeast.A.rise

B.rose

C.rises

D.hadrisen8.Idon'tknow________upsoearlylastSunday.A.whydidhegetB.whyhegetsC.whydoeshegetD.whyhegot9.Themanagercameuptosee_________A.whatwasthematter

B.whatthematterwasC.whatthematterisD.what'sthematter10.Heaskedhisfather___.A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappenC.howithappenedD.howdidithappen11.Noonetellsus______,soweneedyourhelp.A.howweshoulddoB.whatshouldwedoC.howtodoitD.whattodoit12.Couldyoupleaseteachme_____thecomputer.A.howcheckB.tocheckC.howtocheckD.tohowchecking13.Theydon'tknow_______theirparentsare.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which14.─Wheredoyouthink____he____theTVset?─Sorry,I'venoidea.A./,boughtB.has,boughtC.did,buyD.didbought15.Ourhomeworkhaschangedalot.Whocantell_____itwouldbelikein_____fiveyears.A.how,anotherB.what,moreC.how,otherD.what,another16.─Couldyoutellme___?─Yes.He__totheUSA.A.whereishe/hasbeenB.whereheis/hasgoneC.wherewashe/hasbeenD.wherehewas/hasgone17.─Mikewantstoknowif____apicnictomorrow.─Yes.Butifit____,we'llvisitthemuseuminstead.A.youhave/willrainB.youwillhave/willrainC.youwillhave/rainsD.willyouhave/rains18.Ireallydon'tknowifshe___itwhenshe_____.A.finds/arrivesB.finds/willarriveC.willfind/willarriveD.willfind/arrives19.MissLiusaid______shewouldleavethemessageontheheadmaster’sdesk.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what20.Heaskedme_____.A.whowillkickthefirstgoalintheWorldCupB.whenwastheAPECmeetingheldC.whenChinabecameamemberoftheWTOD.wherethe2008Olympicswillbeheld21.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper____WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if22.Youmustremember_______.A.whatyourteachersaidB.whatdidyourteachersayC.yourteachersaidwhatD.whathasyourteachersaid23.Idon’tknow______.A.whichroomIcanliveB.whichroomcanIliveC.whichroomIcanliveinD.whichroomcanIlivein24.－Doyouknowwhenhe____back?－Sorry,Idon’t.Whenhe____back,I’lltellyou.A.comes;comesB.comes;willcomeC.willcome;comesD.willcome;willcome25Thegirlsaskedifthey__somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake26Marysaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen27Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___aPEclasstoday.A.hadB.hasC.willhaveD.are28.Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whe