高中英語(yǔ) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣課件

虛擬語(yǔ)氣

TheSubjunctiveMood(I)Unit1Book6英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣，陳述語(yǔ)氣，祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。陳述語(yǔ)氣(TheIndicativeMood):用來(lái)陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)，或提出一種看法，有肯定、否定、疑問或感嘆等形式。Iamnotinterestedinwhatyousaid.HaveyoueverbeentoFrance?Whatasplendidpalace!Wehadmanytreesplantedlastyear.祈使語(yǔ)氣(TheImperativeMood),用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)、命令、警告或勸告等。Let’shaveatalk.Don’tjumpinthequeue.Openthedoor,please.虛擬語(yǔ)氣(TheSubjunctiveMood)定義：表示說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)，或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgothere.IwishIwereabirdflyinginthesky.Isuggestyoushouldfollowyourfather’sadvice.1.IfIhadenoughmoney,I

wouldgoonatriptoShanghai.2.IfIwereyou,IwouldstudyEnglishveryhard.3.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.4.Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldn’thavehappened.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反5.Ifweshouldhavethreedaysoff,wewouldenjoy

averyhappylife.6.Ifwehadthreedaysoff,wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife.7.Ifweweretohavethreedaysoff,wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife.與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反(should不能省略)一：虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法。條件從句If從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在過(guò)去未來(lái)過(guò)去時(shí)（were）過(guò)去完成時(shí)Would/could/should/might+V.（原）Would/could/should/might+have+V-ed1.過(guò)去時(shí)2.should+V.3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.（原）1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.2.Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.3.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.4.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝:條件從句中有should，were，had三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞可以把if省略，并將這三個(gè)詞提至句首。Exercises:IfI____(be)you,Iwouldgetupearlyinthemorning.Ifyou____(ask)him,hemighttellyou.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe______(come),shewouldhavemetmybrother.Ifhehadnotlosthismoney,he____thepianolastweek.wouldbuyB.hadboughtC.couldhaveboughtD.boughtaskedwerehadcomeC(shouldask/weretoask)5.Theywouldgooutevenifit

tomorrow.rainB.weretorainC.willrainD.wouldrain6Idon’tthinkthatIshallfail.ButifI____,Iwouldtryagain.failB.wouldfailC.shouldfailD.hadfailed7.___today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.WasheleavingB.IfheleavesC.WerehetoleaveD.WouldheleaveBCCI

wishIwereabird.IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake.Wewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.（現(xiàn)在）（過(guò)去）（將來(lái)）二.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的用法1.在動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中,表示與現(xiàn)在或過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反,或?qū)?lái)的主觀愿望,從句通常省略連詞that。1)表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬:

從句動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或過(guò)去進(jìn)行式(be動(dòng)詞一般用were)。IwishI

were

astallasyou.IwishI

were

abird.Iwisheveryday

were

mybirthday.Iwish/wishedI

hadn’t

eaten

somuchwatermelon.(2)表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬:從句動(dòng)詞常用“had＋過(guò)去分詞”。Thepartywasterrible,IwishI

had

nevergonetoit.(3)表示對(duì)將來(lái)的主觀愿望:從句動(dòng)詞形式為“

would＋動(dòng)詞原形”。但愿你立刻來(lái)。Iwishyouwouldcomesoon.Iwishit

would

raintomorrow.二：虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型：Wish

的賓語(yǔ)從句現(xiàn)在：過(guò)去：未來(lái)：過(guò)去時(shí)（were）過(guò)去完成時(shí)would/cou