高二下學(xué)期英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專題學(xué)案：名詞

語(yǔ)法專題一：名詞第第頁(yè)P(yáng)AGE高二年級(jí)英語(yǔ)學(xué)案編號(hào)(G001)評(píng)價(jià)：學(xué)生姓名：課題：名詞授課教師：上課時(shí)間：第周一.分類：可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。1.可數(shù)名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。2.不可數(shù)名詞的三個(gè)特點(diǎn)： 1）不可數(shù)名詞永遠(yuǎn)按單數(shù)處理；2）不可數(shù)名詞量詞可數(shù)；3）當(dāng)重量/金錢/距離/時(shí)間作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Eg: Twodays_______(be)tooshortforustoenjoythejourney.Millionsofdollars_______(be)stoleninthebanklastnight.二.可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)口訣：五明，五暗，四小鬼，八國(guó)聯(lián)軍1.五明: 1）一般情況下加s。 2）以s,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾___________(box______,bus_______) 3）以f或fe結(jié)尾_________(leaf______knife_____) 4)以y結(jié)尾時(shí)，原音加y時(shí)，直接加s；輔音加y時(shí)，_____________.5)以o結(jié)尾時(shí)，一般情況下加s;加es的是：黑人_________英雄_______愛吃西紅柿________土豆________和芒果________2.五暗： 1)兩個(gè)詞單復(fù)同型：_______,________2)fish__________(魚肉)___________(魚的種類)____________(魚的條數(shù))3)ox__________（公牛）cattle__________（牛的統(tǒng)稱）4)mouse________stomach_________5)foot_______tooth_______goose________3.四小鬼：chick________chicken________man________woman_________4.八國(guó)聯(lián)軍：中日不變，英法變，其他s加后面 1)Chinese _____________Japanese___________2)Englishman_____________ Frenchwoman___________3)American_____________· Australian___________Russian _____________German ___________Eg:1.Whendidthese______cometovisitourvillage?LastOctober.A.Americans B.American C.Americen D.Americas2.Therearealotof_______

downtherebuthardlyany_______

．A.sheeps;people B.sheep;people C.sheeps;peoples D.sheep;peoples3.I’msorryIamlate.IhopeIdidn’tcauseyou_____.A.toomuchtrouble B.somanytroubles C.muchtootrouble D.somoretroubles4.Acowhastwo_____.A.stomach B.stomachs C.stomachesD.stomachies三.八大永不可數(shù)名詞(不加s/不能用a/an直接修飾)newsinformationadviceweatherprogresstroublefunworkEg:Swimmingis______insummer.agreatfun B.greatfun C.greatfuns D.greatafun四.十二大變形金剛有些名詞既是不可數(shù)名詞，又可作可數(shù)名詞，但詞義不同。例如：room空間rooms房間 makeroomfor_____________hair頭發(fā)hairs零星幾根頭發(fā)paper紙papers報(bào)紙、文件、論文、試卷glass玻璃glasses眼鏡、玻璃杯time時(shí)間times時(shí)代、次數(shù)、倍數(shù)exercise鍛煉exercises練習(xí) domorningexercises做早操experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)experiences經(jīng)歷work工作works著作wood木頭woods樹林water水waters水域custom風(fēng)俗customs海關(guān)stone石頭(材料)stones石頭五．名詞所有格1.基本規(guī)則：有生命的名詞所有格用____________；Eg:Tom’sschoolbagtheboys’room 沒(méi)有生命的所有格用__________. Eg:thedoorofthehouseamapofChina2.分類：1）單數(shù)名詞和不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞一般加’sEg:_____________;______________2）以s結(jié)尾的名詞，不管是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，可直接加’Eg:_____________;______________3.用法：1）職業(yè)所有格：面包店____________牙科診所___________肉鋪____________理發(fā)店（給女人理發(fā)）_____________理發(fā)店（給男人理發(fā)）_______________家庭所有格:theSmith’s_____________theSmiths_____________3）分家所有格:共有：AandB’s Eg:ThisisTomandBob’sroom.各自所有：A’sandB’s Eg:TheseareTom’sandBob’srooms.4）另類所有格:表示時(shí)間，距離，國(guó)家，城市等無(wú)生命的名詞其所有格也可以加’s,如：threehours’walk;Beijing’sweather；today’snewspaper一次三天的假期_____________________Eg:1.In_______

time,thosemountainswillbecoveredwithtrees,too．fewyears

B.afewyears'C.afewyearD.afewyear'sThemarketisn'tfarfromhere．It'sonly_______

bicycleride．A.halfanhours’

B.halfanhour's

C.halfanhour

D.anhourandahalf5）雙重所有格，用“of+’s”的形式我爸爸的一個(gè)朋友_________________我的一個(gè)朋友_________________他們的一個(gè)朋友_________________Eg:Mr.Shuteisafriendof_______

．

A.John'suncle

B.Johnuncle's

C.John'suncle's

D.Johnuncle六．N+N原則(名詞修飾名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的原則)當(dāng)名詞修飾名詞作定語(yǔ)變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，_____________；但是當(dāng)man或woman做定語(yǔ)___________.anappletree twoappletreesashoestore _____________aboystudent _____________amanteacher _____________awomandoctor _____________Eg:WhatdidJackdoyesterday?Hewenttoa_____tobuyapairofnew_____.A.shoes’shop;shoe B.shoeshop;shoe C.shoesshop;shoes D.shoeshop;shoes七．名詞雙子座A座：當(dāng)“—”相連復(fù)合形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，相連部分永遠(yuǎn)用__________。aneight-year-oldgirlB座：當(dāng)“—”相連構(gòu)成復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，一般情況下s或es加于詞尾，但是當(dāng)中間有表示人的名詞時(shí)加于此詞后。(有人加人后，無(wú)人加最后，代詞不算人。)