中考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解 說明文二（含答案）

…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………※※請※※不※※要※※在※※裝※※訂※※線※※內(nèi)※※答※※題※※…………○…………內(nèi)…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………一、閱讀理解（共5題）1、Havingapicnicisoneofthegreatpleasedactivitiesinsummer.Therearesomethingsyoushouldthinkabout.Packing(打包)yourfoodsBeforeyousetoff,checkifyourfoodboxisshutclosely.Ifit’sahotsummer’sday,thenacoolboxwillbeusefulforkeepingyourpicnicfoods.Don’tforgettopackcupsorbottlesfordrinks.FoodsafetyYoushouldkeepthingslikemeatpies,fishanddairydishesincoldboxes.You’dbetterkeepyourfoodsoniceforaslongaspossiblebeforeyoueatthem.Finally,carrysomehandsanitizers(洗手液).Makesurethateveryone’shandsarecleanbeforetheytouchthefoods.DelicioussnacksAfteryouhavepreparedthemaindishes,it’stimetopacksomesnacks.Chips,chocolatecandiesandcookiesareconsideredgreatpicnicsnacks.Theyareverydelicious,ofcourse,butbecarefulnottoeattoomanyofthem.31．Whatshouldyoudofirstbeforegoingoutforapicnicfromthearticle?A．Eatsandwiches.B．Carrysomehandsanitizers.C．Makesurethefoodboxisshutclosely.32．Whatdoyoupackfordrinks?A．Cups.B．Boxes.C．Chopsticks.33．Whataregoodpicnicsnacksfromthearticle?A．Chips.B．Hamburgers.C．Chocolatedrinks.34．Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Youshouldpreparemaindishesafterhavingpackedsnacks.B．Acoolboxisveryusefulwhenyougoforapicnicinsummer.C．Whenyouhaveapicnic,youcaneatasmanysnacksasyouwant.35．Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A．Makingapicnic.B．Enjoyingapicnic.C．Preparingapicnic.2、Atreehasroots.Peoplehaverootstoo.Ifyougettotherootofaproblem,youwillsolveit.It’sthesamethingwithwords.Digdeeplyintoabig,unfamiliarwordandyouwillunderstandwhereitcamefrom.Asreaders,especiallythosereadinginasecondlanguage,weneedtodealwiththetextasifweweredetectives(偵探)lookingforinformationtounlocktheunknown.Likeanygooddetectivearrivingonthecrimescene,thefirstthingtodowhenmeetinganewanddifficultwordistojudgethesituation,tolookateverythingthatisknownandseeifithelpsustounderstandwhatitmeans.Asyouknow,prefixes(前綴)andsuffixes(后綴)canbeaddedtothebeginningorendofwordstochangethemeaning.Knowthem,andyouwillhavethewordbuildingpower.Butrootwordsarethekey.Taketimetolearnafewofthese,puttheminyourmemory,andyouwillbecomeamasterworddetective.Let’slookatonecommonrootwordusedinEnglish.“Alter”fromtheLatinwordmeans“other”.Whenyoumeetthisrootword,youknowthatthebiggerwordhassomethingtodowith“other”.Examinetheword“alternate”.CanyoufindtheLatinrootinit?·Ifyouandyourfriendliketoeatout,firstyoupayandtheotherpaysthenexttime.Youarealternatingpaying.·IfyougotothemoviesonalternateSaturdays,yougoononeSaturday,butnottheotherSaturday.·Ifyouhavenoalternative,youhavenootherchoice.Learnasmanyrootwordsaspossibleinthelanguageyouarestudying.Thenuseyour“rootingforwords”skills.Likeanynewskill,practiceandhardworkarealwayspaidback.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph2referto?A．Thesituation.B．Thecrimescene.C．Anewanddifficultword.D．Everythingthatisknown.27．IfJimandLilygotothemovies,whichonebelowis“alternatingpaying”?A．Theyeachpayhalf.B．Jimpayseverytime.C．Theytaketurnspaying.D．Theirparentspayforthem.28．Howdoestheauthorexplainhisideasaboutrootwords?A．Bygivingafact.B．Bytakinganexample.C．Bytellingastory.D．Byhavingadiscussion.29．“Sen”fromtheLatinwordmeans“old”.WhichwordusesthisLatinroot?A．Mybrotherismyseniorbytwoyears.B．Hewasillsohewasabsentfromschool.C．Acriminalwassentencedtodeathbylaw.D．60studentswerepresentatthesportsmeeting.30．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure(結(jié)構(gòu))ofthepassage?(①=paragraph1②=paragraph2,…)A．B．C．D．3、①Walkordrivetowork?Whichwayislowerincarbon（碳）?Tobefriendlytotheenvironment,youmaychoosetowalk.Haveyouevertriedtolivealow-carbonlifethroughyourdiet（日常飲食）?②AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofOxfordhaslookedintothehealthandenvironmentalinfluencesof15foodscommoninwesterndiets.Amongthese,plant-based（基于植物的）foodsincludedfruits,vegetables,nutsandpotatoes.Italsostudiedanimal-basedfoods,includingredmeat,chicken,milkproducts,eggsandfish.③Accordingtothestudy’sleadresearcher,MichaelClark,“Choosingbetterandgreenerdietsisoneofthemainwayspeoplecanimprovetheirhealthandprotecttheenvironment.”Thatistosay,plant-baseddietsaremuchhealthierforusandkindertotheenvironment.④Togetthisresult,researcherscomparedtheinfluenceofeatinganotherportion（一份）ofeachfoodwiththeincreasedriskofafewillnesses.Theyalsofindouttheenvironmentalharmforeachanimal-basedfoodandeachplant-basedfood.⑤Byusingthismethod,thestudyfoundthatredmeatswerethemostunfriendlyfoodstotheenvironment.Keepingfarmanimalsproducesalargenumberofmethane（甲烷）thatkeeps30timesmoreheatthanCO2.Aswellasmakingtheearthwarmer,eatingtoomuchredmeatisknowntoincreasetheriskofafewillnesses,suchashearttrouble.⑥Plant-baseddietscangiveusthesamehealthbenefitsinamuchgreenerway.Accordingtothestudy,withouteatingorusingmeatandmilkproducts,globalfarmlandusecouldbecutdownbymorethan75%andstillfeedtheworld.⑦SpeakingtotheGuardian,TimBentonofChathamHousesaid,“Ifwecangivepeoplereasonableofficialadviceofwhatahealthyandgreendietis,theworldanditspeoplewouldbeinamuchbetterplace.”根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，選擇最佳選項，并在答題卡上將選定答案的字母標號涂黑。31．Whichoneisanimal-basedfood?A．Milkproducts.B．Fruits.C．Potatoes.D．Vegetables.32．What’stheresultofthisstudy?A．Manypeoplechoosetowalktowork.B．Plant-baseddietsarehealthierandgreener.C．Themoreweeat,thebettertheenvironmentis.D．15foodscommoninwesterndietsarenothealthy.33．Whatisthemainideaofparagraph⑤?A．TheharmofCO2.B．Theriskofhearttrouble.C．Areasonforkeepinganimals.D．Twodisadvantagesofredmeats.34．Whatdoes“benefits”inparagraphmeaninChinese?A．問題B．方式C．益處D．狀況35．Whatwillthisstudyprobablybeusedfor?A．Teachingfarmerstoplantvegetablescorrectly.B．Offeringdoctorsnewmethodstotreatpatients.C．Guidingpeopletoloseweightbydoingexercise.D．Givingofficialadviceonhealthandenvironment.4、Doyoueverfindyourselfstandinginfrontofrubbishbins,notsurewhetherthepieceofwasteinyourhandisrecyclableornot?Tosolvethisproblem,fourHongKonghighschoolstudentshaveinventedasmartrubbishbinthatusesAItosort(分類)thewaste.ThestudentsnamedthebinWasteCollectionPoint.Connectedtoacomputer,thebinusesacameratotellthekindofthewasteitreceivesandsortsitintoplastic,paper,glass,orotherkinds.Tomakesurethebincansortwastecorrectly,theteamtestedeveryproductintheschoolshopandtookatleast500picturesofeachone.“TotraintheAI,wehadtotakemanyphotosfromdifferentangles(角度),soithasabetterrateofaccuracy,”saidoneofthestudentswhobuilttheAIsystem.Theideaofthesmartbinwasborntwoyearsago,whenthestudentswereinGradeTen.Atthattime,peoplefromthecitycrowdedintotheirvillagebecauseoftheCOVID-19.Theyleftbehindalotofrubbishandcausedmorepollution.“Allthebinswerefull,andtherewasevenrubbishonthemountain,”thestudentsrecalled,“Everyweekend,wehadtojointhevillagersinpickingupthewaste.”Thestudentsdecidedtodevelopaspecialrecyclingbinthatwouldencouragepeopletoprotecttheenvironment.Althoughschoolendedat2pm,theteamwouldcontinuetoworkontheirinventionuntil6or7pmatschool.Evenwhentheirschoolwasclosedlastyear,theywouldstillmeetandworktogetheronline.“Ourbinisnowinitsthirdgeneration(代).Beforegraduation,wehopeitcanbewidelyusedinthecity.”Thestudentssaid,“Thenitwillbeeasierthaneverforpeopletorecycleandprotectourenvironment.”36．Accordingtothefirstparagraphweknowthe________ofWasteCollectionPoint.A．priceB．sizeC．use37．Theunderlinedwords“rateofaccuracy”mean“________”inChinese.A．精準度B．參與度C．知名度38．ThischartshowswhyWasteCollectionPointwasdeveloped.Whichisthemissingpart?A．thehitoftheCOVID-19B．villagers’encouragementC．pickinguprubbisharound39．Thispassageismainlyabout________.A．fouryounginventorsB．a(chǎn)newinventionC．therubbishproblem40．Howisthispassageorganized(組織)?(P=Paragraph)A．B．C．5、TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicswasagreatsuccess.ChinahaskeptthepromisetoholdagreenOlympics.Manygreenactionsmadeitpossible,likeprovidingenvironmentallyfriendlysmartbeds,usingnewenergy(能源)cars,supportingsportingplaceswith100%cleanenergyandreusingrainandsnowwater.Takemakingiceasanexample.Chinadidn’tuseR507,acommonmaterialtomakeice,becauseitisn’tfriendlyenoughtotheenvironment.Through18months’hardwork,ChinaindependentlydevelopedtheCO?directcoolingtechnology.Anetoftubesrunsundertheice.High-pressureliquid(液態(tài))CO?goesthroughthemtocreateheat(熱)exchange.TheCO?evaporates(蒸發(fā))undertheicesurface.Theevaporationtakesinheatandturnswateronthesurfaceintoice.AndtheCO?goesintoanothercircle.Thistechnologyhelpstomakeicebetterandfaster.Andaboveall,itismuchgreenerbecausethere’snonewCO?produced.Amongallthe15icesportingplacesintheWinterOlympics,7usedtheCO?directcoolingtechnologytomakeice.Asaresult,muchlesspollutionwascaused.Beijingdidsomuchmoretosaveenergy.Beijingbuiltthenewsportingplaceswithgreenmaterials.Asfortheoldones,Beijingusednewglasswallstotaketheplaceoftraditionalwallstoletmorenaturallightin.70%ofthewasteheatwasalsoreusedtokeepwarmanddry.AndalargenumberofnewenergycarswereusedattheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicsisthefirsttotrulyachievecarbonneutrality(碳中和),andithassetnewstandardsingreentechnologies.SomenewspaperssayChinahassetanexamplefortheworldinenvironmentalprotectionandgreendevelopment.36．HowlongdidittakeChinatodeveloptheCO?directcoolingtechnology?A．18months.B．100weeks.C．15days.D．7years.37．ThewriterwritesPara.3toshow________.A．whytheCO?goesintoanothercircleB．howthenewice-makingtechnologyhelpedC．howsportingplacesusedthenewtechnologyD．whytheliquidCO?runsthroughthenetoftubes38．Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer(推斷)that________.A．a(chǎn)llthebuildingswillbebuiltwithglasswallsinthenearfutureB．theCO?directcoolingtechnologymaybewidelyusedintheworldC．thehigh-pressureliquidCO?willtotallytaketheplaceofR507soonD．nonewstandardsingreentechnologiesmaybesetaftertheOlympics39．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ANewGreenIce-makingTechnologyB．GreenTechnologiesUsedinSportsC．ASharedFutureofGreenDevelopmentD．TheGreenBeijingWinterOlympics============參考答案============一、閱讀理解1、C

32．A

33．A

34．B

35．C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了一些為野餐準備的事情。31．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Beforeyousetoff,checkifyourfoodboxisshutclosely”可知，在你出發(fā)之前，檢查你的食品盒是否關(guān)緊了，故選C。32．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Don’tforgettopackcupsorbottlesfordrinks”可知，別忘了帶飲料的杯子或瓶子，故選A。33．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Chips,chocolatecandiesandcookiesareconsideredgreatpicnicsnacks”可知，薯片、巧克力糖果和餅干被認為是很棒的野餐零食，故選A。34．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ifit’sahotsummer’sday,thenacoolboxwillbeusefulforkeepingyourpicnicfoods”可知，如果這是一個炎熱的夏天，那么一個涼爽的盒子會對你的野餐食物很有用，故選B。35．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了一些為野餐準備的事情，故選C。2、C

27．C

28．B

29．A

30．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，向我們介紹學(xué)習(xí)語言的一些方法。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“thefirstthingtodowhenmeetinganewanddifficultwordistojudgethesituation,tolookateverythingthatisknownandseeifithelpsustounderstandwhatitmeans.”可知，當(dāng)遇到一個新的和困難的單詞時，第一件要做的事情是判斷情況，查看所有已知的東西，看看它是否有助于我們理解它的意思。此處it指的是“一個新的和困難的單詞”，故選C。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Ifyouandyourfriendliketoeatout,firstyoupayandtheotherpaysthenexttime.Youarealternatingpaying.”可知，如果你和你的朋友喜歡出去吃飯，你先付錢，下次由對方付錢?！癮lternatingpaying”的意思是“輪流付錢”，故選C。28．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，作者通過舉例來解釋他對詞根的看法，故選B。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“‘Sen’fromtheLatinwordmeans‘old’.”可知，“Sen”來自拉丁語，意思是“老”，結(jié)合選項“Mybrotherismyseniorbytwoyears.”表示“我哥哥比我大兩歲”與之相符，故選A。30．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。分析文章內(nèi)容可知，第一段引出主題；第二段介紹處理文本時需要注意的東西；第三、四段介紹前后綴和詞根的問題；第五段總結(jié)。故選B。3、A

32．B

33．D

34．C

35．D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了低碳的日常飲食方式——植物性飲食，這種生活方式不僅對人們的健康有好處，對保護環(huán)境也有益處。31．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Italsostudiedanimal-basedfoods,includingredmeat,chicken,milkproducts,eggsandfish.”可知，動物性食物包括紅肉、雞肉、奶制品、雞蛋和魚，故選A。32．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thatistosay,plant-baseddietsaremuchhealthierforusandkindertotheenvironment”可知，植物性飲食對我們來說更健康，對環(huán)境更友好，故選B。33．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Keepingfarmanimalsproducesalargenumberofmethane（甲烷）thatkeeps30timesmoreheatthanCO2”及“Aswellasmakingtheearthwarmer,eatingtoomuchredmeatisknowntoincreasetheriskofafewillnesses,suchashearttrouble”可知，第五段主要介紹了紅肉的兩個缺點，故選D。34．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Plant-baseddietscangiveusthesamehealthbenefitsinamuchgreenerway”可知，植物性飲食可以以更綠色的方式給我們帶來同樣的健康益處，所以benefits表示“益處”，故選C。35．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Ifwecangivepeoplereasonableofficialadviceofwhatahealt