大學(xué)英語精讀預(yù)備級第二課1

一、詞匯1.terminal：n航站樓；（火車、公共汽車、輪船等的）終點站；計算機終端2.board：v上（船，飛機、公共汽車等）e.g.boardatrain上火車onboard上船①Pleaseboardtheplaneimmediately.②Assoonaswewentonboard,ourshipleftport.我們一上船，船就出港了。Phrase：boardinggate登機口3.track：n（火車等的）軌道e.g.①asingletrack單軌②adoubletrack雙軌③Thetrainleftthetrack。火車出軌了。另：軌跡，行蹤，足跡。trackinthesnow雪地上的足跡路徑，小道。atrackthroughaforest林中小道4.pure：a純粹的，完全的，純凈的e.g.①purecotton純棉的②puregold純金的③purewhite純白的5.delight：n欣喜，高興，愉快e.g.Toourgreatdelight，thedayturnedoutfine。toone’sdelight……使…感到高興的是one’s=my，our，her…（1）turnout：驅(qū)逐，把…趕走；翻出；關(guān)，旋熄；出來，出動；結(jié)果（是），原來（是），證明（是）（tobe）；Itturnedout（tobe）afineday。制造，生產(chǎn)。（2）byturns輪流，交替；Wekeptwatchbyturns。我們輪流守望。（3）inturn依次，輪流，轉(zhuǎn)而，反過來（4）Itisyourturnnow。（5）takeone’sturn該誰做…了，輪到誰做…了（6）taketurns一次，輪流（7）turnagainst背叛；（情況等）對…不利（8）turnaway走開，離開，把…打發(fā)走；轉(zhuǎn)過臉去（9）turn（away）from避開；厭惡（10）turnback折回，往回走；翻回到（to）；擋?。?1）turndown翻下；關(guān)小，調(diào)低；拒絕（12）turnfromsidetoside（把身體）轉(zhuǎn)過來轉(zhuǎn)過去（13）turnin轉(zhuǎn)身進去，拐入；上床睡覺；交出，上繳（14）turninto進入；使成為，使變成，翻譯成（15）turnoff關(guān)（水源、煤氣，電燈等）；避開（問題等）；拐彎（16）turnon開，旋開；攻擊，反對，對…發(fā)怒；把…對準，把…指向（17）turnover（使）打翻，（使）傾倒；反復(fù)考慮；翻身（18）turnthecorner（沿街角）拐彎；轉(zhuǎn)危為安，渡過難關(guān)（19）turnto轉(zhuǎn)向，變成；求教于，求助于；致力于，著手（做）（20）turnup找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)；出現(xiàn)，來到，到達，被找到，突然發(fā)生；證明是（=turnouttobe）；把…翻轉(zhuǎn)過來，翻掘；旋大，開大，調(diào)大；尋找，查閱6.supposev認定，假定e.g.①Supposeyouhadamillionpounds-howwouldyouspendit？②Supposeitrains，what’stobedone？Phrase：besupposedto=should①理應(yīng)，應(yīng)該Teachersaresupposedtoknowalot。②【用于否定句】Youarenotsupposetosmokeinhere。7.raciala種族的Eg.①racialconflict種族沖突②racialdiscrimination種族歧視?！鷕acialismn①種族偏見②種族主義→racialistn種族主義者。8.distinctionn.區(qū)別，差別對比Phrase：distinctionbetweenAandBEg.Hedrewaquiteartificialdistinctionbetweenmenandwamenreaders.他把男讀者和女讀者硬是人為地區(qū)分開。9.inexpensivea.不貴的，價廉的→反義詞.Expensive.10.betv.打賭賭博Phrase：betonsthEg.Hespendsallhismoneybettingonhorses.他把所有的錢用在賭馬上.→1、spend+錢+on/forsth→2、spend+時間+onsthspend+時間+（in）doingsthEg.①Tomspendtencentson/forapple.②spendtheweek-endwithone’sfamily.③Hedoesnotspendmuchtimeonhishomework.④Hespendhiswholelife（in）lookingafterthepoor.11.stretchv.拉長撐大，伸展，拽緊（某物）Eg.①stretcharopetight把繩子拉緊②Theroadstretchacrossthedesertintothedistance這條道路穿過沙漠伸向遠方.③Shestretchoutherhandtotaketheglass.12.ride(1)v.乘坐車輛或者其他陸上交通工具（騎馬，騎自行車，乘車）ridein/onstheg.①ridein/onabus/train/bike/horse.②Yourideinthebackofthecarwithyourbrother.(2)n.乘坐交通工具旅行Eg.①It’sonly5mimutebus-ridetothepark.②Shallwegoforarideinthecar?我們開車兜會風(fēng)好嗎？③Heenjoyedhisfirstbusride.他享受了第一次的汽車旅行.13.shuttle.n(1)(火車、公共汽車等)短距離的區(qū)間車，定時往返兩地的運輸（工具）Eg.I’mflyingtoBostonontheshuttle.我將乘坐穿梭班機去波士頓.(2)(織機的)梭、梭子（3）太空穿梭機14.pretend.V.佯裝，偽裝①pretend+n②pretendtobesth，tobedoingsth③pretendthat從句Eg.①Shepretendtobebusy.②Theboypretendedthathewasill.③Thechildrenpretendedtoeatthemudpies(泥餅)15.annoyv.使……煩惱，使……生氣。Eg.①Hisconstantsniffing(吸氣，嗅)annoysme.他不停地抽鼻子使我心煩.②……③……16.rottena.(1)極令人不快或嫌惡的，差勁的【俚】Eg.①berottenthecore腐爛透頂②sheisarottencook.(2)腐爛的.變質(zhì)的Eg.Thewoodwassorottenthatyoucouldputyourfingerthroughit.木頭已經(jīng)朽了，用手指一捅就是個窟窿17.reply（1）n.回答,回復(fù)Eg.①makeareply作答.Makenoreply不做答復(fù)②shemakenoreply她沒有答復(fù)（2）v.(認話語或行動)回答；答復(fù)replytosb/sthreplywithsthEg.①Irepliedwithashortnote.我回了一封短信②failtoreplytoaquestion未能回答一個問題.18.destination.n.目的地eg.①Tokyowasourfinaldestination東京是我們的最終目的地.②arriveat/reachone’sdestination到達目的地.19.trouble（1）n．麻煩.困難【v.c】eg.①whatisyourtrouble?②Ihavesometroubleinreadinghishandwriting我承認他的筆跡有些困難③IhopewehavenotputyoutoanytroublePutsbtotrouble勞煩某人，給某人增添麻煩④Myteetharegivingmetrouble我的牙疼的難受Phrase：①getintotrouble惹上麻煩招致不幸Eg.Evenanexperiencedclimbercangetintotrouble即使是個有經(jīng)驗的登山者也能陷入困境（2）v.使（某人）憂慮，苦惱，痛苦或不便，打擾betroubledbyillness因疾病而苦惱20.increase（1）n．增加，增大，增多，增加的量increaseinsthEg.①Someincreaseinworkinghoursmaysoonbeneeded也許不久需將工時延長一些②Thereisasteadyincreaseinpopulation人口在不斷增加（2）v.增加，增大（數(shù)目，數(shù)量，體積等）→反義詞decreaseincreaseAtoBeg.①Thepopulationhasincreasefrom1.2million10yearsagoto1.8millionnow人口從10年前的120萬已增加到現(xiàn)在的180萬②Travelincreaseone’sknowledgeoftheworld旅游能提高一個人對世界的認識21．Valuablea.有價值的，貴重的，有用的Eg.①valuableadvice寶貴的意見。②Wastingvaluabletimeandeffort浪費寶貴的時間和精力.三、課文TextAfather，asonandananswer引子1.lead：→led→led領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，帶領(lǐng)，引導(dǎo)e.g.AllroadsleadtoRome。條條大道通羅馬。Phrase：lead（sb）todosth引導(dǎo)某人，影響某人的言行e.g.Herconstant（始終，經(jīng)常的）lyingledmetodistrusteverythingshesaid。她總是撒謊，我完全不相信她的話了。2.reflectv①反射，映出thelightreflectingthewater由水中反射出來的光②思考，考慮，沉思或思憶（往事）reflecton/upone.g.reflectuponaproblem思考一個問題Ineedtimetoreflectonyouroffer。我需要時間來考慮你的建議。3.upbringingn【U】撫育，養(yǎng)育，教育Eg.①Heowedhissuccesstothegoodupbringinghehad.他的成功歸功于他受到的良好教養(yǎng)。②It'sallaquestionofupbringing。這完全是一個教養(yǎng)的問題。正文1．passthrough穿過，經(jīng)過，經(jīng)歷passthroughtheforestthrough：（指空間）穿過，通過，透過2.caught：catch的過去式catch：趕上catchthetrain趕上火車eg.We'rejustintimetocatchthetrain.我們正好趕上了火車。3.oneof+n復(fù)數(shù)…中的一個oneofthosestudents4.from…to…從…到…fromLhasatoBeijingfromschooltohome5.backandforth來回地，來來往往地，前后e.g.PlaneflybackandforthbetweenLhasaandChengdu。往返于拉薩和成都的飛機。6.alldaylong一天到晚，整天的=alldayEg.①Doinganythingalldaylongwillcometonothingbutgetusbored。整天做一件事只會把人弄煩。②Rainfellfromtheheavensalldaylong。整天都下著雨。7.considerv認為，把…看作e.g.①Weconsiderhim（as）ourfriend。我們把他當作朋友。②Youcan’tconsiderhimtobeaselfishman。你不能把他看作一個自私的人。8.lay→laidv.①放，擱，擺②鋪，砌，架設(shè)ahead①在前面，在前頭②向前，提前9.stopv.停止Stopdoingsth停止做某事Stoptodosth停下來去做某事（todo表示停下來的目的，做狀語）Eg.Westoppedtalking我們停止說話Westopped(inorder)totalk我們停下來說話10．Letoff①燃放，排放，爆炸，開槍letofffireworks燃放煙花爆竹②放過，不懲罰，寬恕Eg.Heaskedtheteachertolethimoffandpromisednevertodoitagain他要求老師原諒他一次并保證再不做那事11.hold→held→heldv.抓住，握，掌握（權(quán)力），擔任職務(wù)holdontosb/sth抓住，不放手，不放棄（擁有的東西）eg.Heheldontotherocktostophimselfslipping他緊緊抓住巖石以免自己往下滑holdontothebar(在公共汽車上)拉住橫杠12.tightadj.緊的，牢固的Eg.①Sheheldherbabytightinherarms。她緊緊地摟著她的孩子。②Thisdraweristootightformetoopenit。這抽屜太緊了我打不開。13.Theboy,aboutfiveyearsold,madesoundsofpuredelight.=Theboy,whowasaboutfiveyearsold,madesoundsthatshowednothingbuthappiness.14.Iknewwe’resupposedtoavoidmakingracialdistinctionsthesedays.=Iknewthesedaysweoughtnottotreatonepersondifferentlyfromanotherbecauseoftheirrace.15.……dressedinclothesthatwerejustaboutasinexpensiveasyoucanbuy=dressedinthecheapestclothes.16.besupposedto=should被期望或要求，應(yīng)該Eg.①Teachersaresupposedtoknowalot老師應(yīng)該知道很多②Youarenotsupposedtosmokeinhere你在這里不可以抽煙17.avoid避免，回避，躲開avoiddoingsth避免做某事eg.Youhadbetteravoidreadinginthetrain。你最好避免在地鐵上閱讀。18.mindn.①內(nèi)心，頭腦，思維，想法，理智mindandbody心身，精神和肉體/absenceofmind出神，思想不集中②【u】記憶，bear(orkeep)inmind記在心頭Anideacomesintomymind計上心頭vt.①注意，聽從，留心，當心MindwhatIsay!②專心于，從事于mindyourownbusiness！別管閑事vi.介意A：DoyoumindifIsmoke?我抽煙你不介意吧？B:I’msorry,butIdo抱歉，請勿抽煙注：mind后加名詞或動名詞，不能加動詞不定式19.justabout差不多，幾乎Eg.Justabouteveryintowncametohearthemayorspeak鎮(zhèn)上幾乎每個人都來聽市長講話20.as①as…as…像……一樣前一個as為副詞，后一個as為連詞②conj.(表示時間)當……的時候Eg.IreadtheletterasIwalkedalongtheriver.21.getoff(動身，起飛，離開某地或出發(fā))下車Eg.①Whattimewillyougetofftomorrow？你明天什么時候動身？②Jasonsawmeandgotoffthehorseimmediately。杰森看到我，立馬從馬上下來。22.decide決定（1）decidetodosthEg.①Thatdecidedmetoleavemyjob.那件事使我決定離職。②Hedecidedtogetmarried.他決定結(jié)婚。（2）decide+that從句IdecidedthatIwouldtellhimaboutit我決定要告訴他那件事23.goback返回Eg.①Thechildrenhavetogobacktoschoolnextweek下周孩子們就要返校了②Imaybegoingbackinthefall.我可能在秋天回去。24.beaboutto(急迫)即將eg.①Wewereabouttostart,whenitrained我們正要出發(fā)，這時下雨了。②Hecamejustasthebuswasabouttoleave。汽車剛要開他就趕來了。25.headfor……向（某處）行進eg.Theboatwasheadingforsomerocks.那船正駛向一些礁石26.pretend假裝，借口，假托①pretend+名詞②pretendtobeeg.Shepretendedtobebusy.她假裝很忙③pretend+that從句eg.Theboypretendedthathewasill.那個男孩裝病27.pleased.abj→反義詞displeased高興的，喜歡的①pleasedtoeg.Iamverypleasedtomeetyou.②pleased+with短語eg.I’mvery(much)pleasedwithwhathehasdone我對他的工作很滿意③pleased+with+sbeg.Theteacherispleasedwithyou.老師對你很滿意④pleased+with或about或at+stheg.Hewasverymuchpleasedatthenews.⑤pleased+that從句eg.I’mvery(much)pleased(that)you’redecidedtocome你決定來我很高興⑥pleasedwithoneself得意洋洋eg.HewaslookingverypleasedwithhimselfsoIknewhehadpassedthedrivingtest.他看來得意洋洋，所以我知道他已通過駕駛考試。28.reply=answer回答，回復(fù)Eg.Whatasagereplyyougave!多聰明的回答啊.29.geton.騎上（馬，自行車等），登上（車，船，飛機）eg.Iwanttogetonthebusandbuyabusroutemap.我想上車買張公共汽車路線圖.30.afford+todosth常用在can,could,beableto之后擔負得起（……的費用，損失，后果等）；抽得出（時間）eg.Atlast,wecanaffordahouse.我們終于買得起房子了Wecannotafford(tobuy)anewcar我們買不起新車Wecan’taffordtowastetimeandmoney我們不能浪費時間和金錢31．……andthechildrenturnoutrotten(1)=andthechildrenbecomeverybadpeoplewhentheygrowup.(2)turnout證明是（某人/某物），原來是，結(jié)果是eg.①Thejobturnedouttobeharderthanwethought這工作結(jié)果比我們想的要難。②Thefilmturnedouttobeagreatsuccess。這部影片結(jié)果是大獲成功。32.gowrong出錯，出故障eg.Somethinghasgonewrongwiththetelevision。33.leavefor離開某地去往eg.①Heleft(home)forthestationafewminutesago.幾分鐘前他離開家去車站了.②I’llleaveLhasaforBeijing.34.distant:adj遠的,遠隔的Eg.Hisstepsonisstillverydistanttowardshim.他的繼子對他仍然很疏遠。35.sharecompany在一起,陪伴,伴隨（1）share：v分享，分配，共有Eg.①Childrenshouldbetaughttosharetheirtoys.應(yīng)該教育孩子們分享玩具。②Hewouldsharehislastpoundwithme。他要是剩下最后一鎊也會和我分著用。company：n公司，陪伴，同伴eg.①Ihategoingoutalone:Itakemydaughterforcompany.我不愿獨自一人出門，帶女兒做個伴。②Iworkinasmallcompany。36.eachother互相Eg.①Weshouldhelpeachotherandlearnfromeachother.②Theytookouttheirresentmentsoneachother.他們互相發(fā)泄怨氣。37.purpose:n(同aim)①[C]目的,意圖Eg.①dosthonpurpose故意做某事②Whatisthepurposeofyourvisit?你來訪的目的是什么？②[U]意志,決意Heisfirm(weak)ofpurpose.他意志堅定(薄弱).③[U]效用,效果,意義38.takeover接管,控制,管理(國家,政黨等)eg.①Whowilltakeoverthiscompany?誰將接管這家公司?②Hasthepartybeentakenoverbyextremist?該黨是否已經(jīng)被極端分子控制了?39.badlanguage粗野的話語eg.①Shepickedhimupforusingbadlanguage。她指責他出言不遜。②Theviolenceandbadlanguageintheprogramshockedmanyoftheviewers。節(jié)目中的暴力場面和難聽的粗話使許多觀眾感到震驚。40.appearance：n出現(xiàn)，露面，外表eg.①Idon'twanttogotothepartybutI'dbetterputinanappearance,Isuppose.我不想?yún)⒓幽莻€聚會，可是我最好還是要露一下面。②Weshouldnotjudgeapersonbyhisappearance.我們不該以貌取人。41.careabout對…感到關(guān)切，操心或憂慮eg.①Don’tyoucareaboutthiscompany’sfuture？難道你不為公司的前途擔憂嗎？②Alls