2023年中考英語黃金知識(shí)點(diǎn)系列專題17閱讀理解

考點(diǎn)十七閱讀理解聚焦考點(diǎn)☆溫習(xí)理解初中英語閱讀理解的解題技巧閱讀理解也是中考英語題的必考題目之一，此題型旨在考查學(xué)生閱讀，理解的能力，幾年來，中考英語題中的閱讀理解材料新，題材豐富，考查學(xué)生綜合推斷能力，根據(jù)語篇猜單詞意思的能力的力度加大，也考查學(xué)生關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)的能力。所以學(xué)生往往要么沒能正確理解語篇中某些句子的意思，在細(xì)節(jié)題上丟分，要么就是對(duì)語篇的整體把握不夠，在綜合題或者推斷題方面丟分。那么到底怎么做好閱讀理解這一題型呢？從近幾年初中升學(xué)考試試卷來看，閱讀理解考題的類型大致可分為三種：1.閱讀短文，選擇答案這類題目類型是閱讀理解最常考的一種。這類題型的選項(xiàng)應(yīng)在理解短文的根底上做出判斷，堅(jiān)持短文內(nèi)容與考項(xiàng)比照的方法，把一些與短文內(nèi)容明顯相符或不相符的答案選出來，然后再對(duì)要求根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行推埋的考項(xiàng)即短文偽容中沒有直接答案的考項(xiàng)進(jìn)行推斷。2.閱讀短文，判斷正誤這種題型要求應(yīng)考者根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容，對(duì)所列的句子與短文內(nèi)容是否相符做出正誤判斷。應(yīng)考者做這類考題時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意反義詞、近義詞以及一些詞組的互替使用。3.閱讀短文，答復(fù)以下問題考生對(duì)這種題型除了將考項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容與短文內(nèi)容比照之外，還應(yīng)特別留意一般疑問句、特殊疑問句和反意疑問句。對(duì)于一般疑問句，答復(fù)要簡(jiǎn)潔明了，用Yes，No。對(duì)于特殊疑問句的答復(fù)，切忌用Yes，No，答話也應(yīng)盡量簡(jiǎn)單，可以防止不必要的丟分。對(duì)于反意疑問句，應(yīng)根據(jù)反意疑問句的特點(diǎn)和短文的內(nèi)容仔細(xì)分析。此外縱觀這幾年全國各地的中考“閱讀理解〞試題，用于閱讀理解測(cè)試的語篇內(nèi)容涉及社會(huì)生活的方方面面，除了一般的英語故事外，還有書信、通知、廣告、交通圖、各種表格等。在表達(dá)知識(shí)測(cè)試的同時(shí)，更注重英語的實(shí)際應(yīng)用。因此，要做好中考英語試題中的語篇“閱讀理解〞題，需要我們具備較強(qiáng)的“閱讀〞和“理解〞能力。其中包括：閱讀、理解英語文字信息的能力;閱讀、理解各種圖表的能力;快速閱讀能力;根據(jù)上下文猜想英文生詞詞義的能力;迅速捕捉文章大意的能力;分析、判斷和獨(dú)立解決問題的能力。還有合理分配和利用時(shí)間的能力以及各項(xiàng)能力的綜合運(yùn)用。(二)閱讀理解精設(shè)考點(diǎn)1.考查掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意的能力。此類考查主旨和大意的題大多數(shù)針對(duì)段落(或短文)的主題，主題思想，標(biāo)題或目的。而獲取段落的主旨和大意最有效的方法是找出主題句。一篇文章(或一段文章)通常都是圍繞一個(gè)中心意思展開的。而這個(gè)中心意思往往由一個(gè)句子來概括。這個(gè)能概括文章或段落中心意思的句子叫做主題句。因此，理解一個(gè)段落或一篇文章的中心意思首先要學(xué)會(huì)尋找主題句(主題句一般在段首，即文章開頭的第一、二句，有時(shí)也會(huì)出現(xiàn)在文章的最后)。假設(shè)沒有主題句，在閱讀時(shí)要仔細(xì)通讀全文，注意文中所表達(dá)的事實(shí)與細(xì)節(jié)是否圍繞主題。這類題的主要提問方式有：1)Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?2)Whichofthefollowingisthispassageabout?3)Inthispassagethewritertriestotellusthat____.4)Thepassagetellsusthat_____.5)Thispassagemainlytalksabout____.附：閱讀理解題目類型及解題方法。1、細(xì)節(jié)理解題*此類題主要考察學(xué)生對(duì)相關(guān)信息的識(shí)別能力，答案一般在原文中能找到。*答題時(shí)應(yīng)迅速找到它的考察點(diǎn)，切不可望文生義或主觀臆斷。*出題中所設(shè)的干擾項(xiàng)一般與文中的觀點(diǎn)截然相反，要么不符，要么未涉及，相對(duì)容易排除。2、文章(段落)主旨大意題Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?Thewriterthinks________.Thewriterwantstotellus__________.Themainideaofthepassageis________.*切忌以點(diǎn)代面，以偏概全。文章的首尾句及各段的首尾句往往是探察全文內(nèi)容的窗口，閱讀時(shí)要學(xué)會(huì)找出文章的中心句。*在閱讀過程中，可通過略讀來快速把握文章的中心，閱讀時(shí)視閾要寬，緊抓對(duì)主題句的搜索，按意群進(jìn)行閱讀，防止閱讀中的出聲、指讀、復(fù)視或停頓。*學(xué)會(huì)猜詞、跳詞閱讀，以暫時(shí)記憶迅速在頭腦中清晰把握文章的大意。3、推理判斷題此類題需要透過文章信息進(jìn)行深入的分析、綜合、歸納等推斷，需根據(jù)上下文及其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系對(duì)篇章進(jìn)行深入的分析。1)Howmanytimesdidthetigercomeintothevillage?*每段的首句，含有重要的解題線索。2)Fromthesecondparagraphweknow_____.*在把握全篇的根底上，細(xì)讀這一段。4、是非判斷題Whichofthefollowingis(NOT)true?Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsabout…isright?*干擾項(xiàng)常常是無中生有，張冠李戴，以偏概全，擴(kuò)大內(nèi)容。5、詞意句意題Whatdoestheword“…〞meaninparagraph3?Whatdoesthesentence“…〞r(shí)eallymean?Inthelastparagraph,“…〞means___.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?*學(xué)會(huì)猜詞(1)根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜詞義。前綴或后綴-ful(形容詞后綴),-less(無，沒有，構(gòu)成形容詞),-ly(副詞后綴),un-(不，非,未),dis-(相反，否認(rèn))re-(重新)appeardisappear,agreedisagree,tieuntie,happyunhappy,careful,careless,hopehopeless,comfortableuncomfortable(2)根據(jù)上下文猜詞義。它和前后文有著必然的聯(lián)系,只有把握作者的脈搏，理清邏輯鏈條,才能鎖定生詞的含義。(3)舊詞新義現(xiàn)象。如：Australiansputtheirshirt“tails〞ontheclotheslineafterwashing,becausetheyusuallyputthemintotheirtrousers.“tails〞一詞原意為“尾巴〞，而在此處的意思為襯衫的“_______〞。依解釋Microscopeisaninstrument(工具)thatmakessmallnearobjectsseemslarger.Microscopemeans_______.*有時(shí)我們能從生詞的前后找到解釋性的文字。名師點(diǎn)睛☆典例分類【例1】OurServicesBOOKS*Picturebooksforchildren*Informationabouttheworld*Novels*Booksin30languages*StoriesofallkindsYoucanenjoynewspapersandmagazinesinthereadingroom.VIDEO*Videofilms*TVplays*Musicvideos*SpecialinterestsYoucanenjoyyourselfandtaketimetowatchyourfavoritevideosathome.Youcanborrowavideoforaweekfor$1.AUDIO*Musicforeveryone:rock;classical;pop;blues;folk*Languagecassettes(盒帶)in42languagesintheworldSpecialroomsforyoutoenjoylistening.CDsandcassettescanbeborrowed—Free!*Youcanborrowuptofivebooks;oneCDoronecassette.Asmanyvideosasyouwant.*Youcankeepbooksforthreeweeks;CDsandcassettesforoneweek.*Youcanrenew(續(xù)借)thembyphone,bypost,orinpersonatthelibraryifyouwanttokeepthemlonger.25.Weprobablycanseethis“Services〞ina______________________.A.library B.cinema C.hospital D.shop26.Thereare______________________kindsofvideosinthelibrary.A.two B.three C.four D.six27.Wecankeepthebooksfromthislibrarynolongerthan______________________.A.oneweekB.twoweeks C.threeweeks D.fourweeks【答案】25.A26.C27.C考點(diǎn)：廣告布告類短文閱讀?！纠?】Jackhadanunusualexperiencelastnight.Heissharingitwithhisfriends.KenandMay.Ken:Whatwereyoudoing,Jack?Whatdidyousee?Jack:ItwashalfpastninelastnightandIwasgettingreadyforbed.IheardsomestrangenoiseoutsidewhileIwasbrushingmyteeth.IwonderedwhatwashappeningandIwenttothewindowandlookedout.Tomysurprise,Isawabrightyellowgreenlightinthesky.May:MaybethelightyousawwasaUFO!Oraghost!Afewyearsago,anAmericanmansawaflyingsaucer(飛碟)whilehewasdrivingalongaroad.Healsosawsomestrangeyellowlight.Youhaveheardaboutit,haven’tyou?Ken:Don’tbeimaginative,May.Jackdidn’tseeanything,oranybody.Itwasn’taghost.Itwasprobablyaplane,orashootingstar.PerhapsJackjustmadeahorribledream!Jack:Iamveryserious.Ididseesomething.Thelightdisappearedandthensuddenlysome“tinypeople〞werestandinginthegarden.Therewerefourofthem.Twoofthematesomeflowersinthegarden.Ken:Oh,comeon,Jack.Ireallydoubtwhatyouhavesaid.Jack:Iamnotjoking!Oneofthepeoplewaslookingatmethroughthewindow.May:Really?Whatdiditlooklike?Wereyoufrightened?Jack:Itswholebodywasgreen.Ithadnoearsandnose.Itshandswerehuge.Itseyeswereverybigandlookedlikeeggs.ItlookedatmeandIcouldhardlymove.Ken:Whathappenedthen?Jack:Iwasabletomoveeventually.Iranandgotmycameraatonce.May:And?Jack:Ididn’thaveafilm.May:Ohno!28.KensuggestedthatJack______________________.A.sawaghostlastnightB.possiblyhadadreamlastnightC.metaUFOlastnightD.wastellingthemsomethingserious29.Theunderlinedword“eventually〞mans______________________.A.athomeB.atlastC.inashorttimeD.afteralongtime30.Thebesttitleofthepassagemight“______________________.〞A.AhorribledreamB.AFlyingsaucerC.AGhost’svisitD.Alien’svisit【答案】28.B29.B30.D考點(diǎn)：日常生活類短文閱讀。【例3】WhenIwasababy,Iinterestedyouandmadeyoulaugh.WheneverIwas“bad〞,you'dshakeyourfingeratmeandask:“Howcouldyou?〞—butthenyou'dgiveup,androllmeoverforabellyscratch(腹部抓癢)andIbelievedthatlifecouldnotbeanymoreperfect.Myhousetrainingwasalongprocess,becauseyouwereterriblybusy,butweworkedonthattogether.Wewentforlongwalks,runsintheparkandcarrides.Westoppedforicecream.Itooklongsleepsinthesunwaitingforyoutocomehomeattheendoftheday.Stepbystep,youbeganspendingmoretimeatworkandonyourcareer,andmoretimesearchingforahumanfriend.Finally,youfellinlove.She,nowyourwife,isnotadogperson,butIstillwelcomedherintoourhome.Iwashappybecauseyouwerehappy.ThenthehumanbabiescamealongandIsharedyourexcitement,Iwasattractedbytheirpinkness,howtheysmelled,andIwantedtomotherthemtoo.YourwifewasafraidIwouldbitethem.However,astheybegantogrow,Ibecametheirfriend.Now,youhaveanewjobinanothercityandyouandtheywillbemovingtoaflatthatdoesnotallowpets.You'vemadetherightdecisionforyour"family",buttherewasatimewhenIwasyouronlyfamily.Iwasexcitedaboutthecarrideuntilwearrivedatthedogpound(收容所).Itsmelledofdogsandcats,offear,ofhopelessness.Youfilledoutthepaperworkandsaid:“Iknowyouwillfindagoodhomeforher.〞Theyshrugged(聳肩)andgaveyouapainedlook．Thechildrenwereintearsastheywavedmegoodbye.And"Howcouldyou?"weretheonlythreewordsthatsweptovermymind.Isitbettertolivewithhopeorwithouthope?Atfirst,wheneveranyonepassedmypen,Irushedtothefront,hopingitwasyou,thatyouhadchangedyourmindandthatthiswasallabaddream.Mybelovedmaster,Iwillthinkofyouandwaitforyouforever.Ihopeyoureceivemorefaithfulness(忠誠)fromyourfamilythanyoushowedtome.31.Whotellsthisstory?A.Adog.B.Achild.C.Adog'sowner.D.Adogtrainer32.Whichistrueaboutthedogwhenitlivedatthepound? A.Ithopedtobekeptbyanotherfamily. B.Itdidnottrusthumansanymore. C.Itwasexcitedaboutthepound. D.Itcontinuedtoloveitsformerowner.33.Whatisthethemeofthestory? A.Befaithfultothosewholoveyou. B.Neverexpecttoomuch. C.Nevercomplainaboutyourlife. D.Bereadyforchanges.【答案】31.A32.D33.A考點(diǎn)：考查日常生活類短文閱讀。【點(diǎn)睛】閱讀理解靠的是扎實(shí)的語言根底。俗話說：冰凍三尺，非一日之寒。扎實(shí)的語言根底來自平時(shí)嚴(yán)格的根本功訓(xùn)練和長期的知識(shí)積累。只要平時(shí)刻苦用功，打下扎實(shí)的英語知識(shí)根底，又掌握了較科學(xué)的解題方法做“閱讀理解〞題是不會(huì)太難的。我們學(xué)習(xí)英語不只是和別人交流，更重要的是，要通過閱讀報(bào)刊書籍，研讀名著，了解風(fēng)土人情，生活習(xí)慣，科學(xué)技術(shù)的開展與進(jìn)步等等。讀文章必須理解，怎樣才能驗(yàn)證初學(xué)者是否掌握了所閱讀的文章呢？一般有答復(fù)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容所提的問題，有給出題干，留一個(gè)空，再給幾個(gè)答案，讓答題的人根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容來確定正確的答案；也有在題干上留一個(gè)空，由答題人直接填寫所缺的單詞〔有些難度比擬大的題，那么將要填寫的詞的首字母給出〕。無論是哪一種題型，要想解這一類題，必須建立在理解文章內(nèi)容的根底上，否那么就是一句空話。課時(shí)作業(yè)☆能力提升1.EnglishbookAnimalFarm(1945)tellsastoryaboutfarmanimals.Theyarefedupwith(受夠了)MrJones,thefarmer.Hetreatsthembadly,sotheydecidetokickhimoffthefarmandrunthefarmthemselves.OnedayanoldpigcalledOldMajorgatherstheanimalsaroundhim.Hetellsthemthatallanimalsshouldstandtogether.Hesaystheyshouldtakeoverthefarm.Theysaythatallanimalsareequal.Aftertheygetridof(擺脫)MrJones,twopigsbecometheleadersofAnimalFarm.OnepigcalledSnowballisagreatspeaker.HehasbigideasforAnimalFarm.TheotherleaderisapigcalledNapoleon.Napoleonisacrafty(狡猾的)animal.Hebringstogethersupportersbyofferingthemadvantages.NapoleonmakesawaragainstSnowballandkickshimawayfromthefarm.HeturnsSnowballintoabigenemy.HesaysthatSnowballisworkingwithFarmerJonesandotherfarmerstodoharmtoAnimalFarm.ButasitturnsoutitisNapoleonwhoisworkingwiththeenemiesoftheanimals.Hejoinsupwiththeoldhumanenemiesoftheanimals.Buthetellstheanimalsthatheisworkingforthem.Atthesametimetheanimalsworkhard.ItseemsthatitisasbadtoliveunderNapoleonasitwasunderFarmerJones!Whyisthestorysoimportant?AnimalFarmisanexcellentchoiceforlearnersofEnglishbecauseit’sveryshort.Thelanguageisalsosimple.LikemanyfamousstoriesAnimalFarmisnotjustabook.ItwasplayedontheBBCradioin1947.Thebigmodernwayoftellingstoriesisinmoviesofcourse.Orwell’sbookhasbecomeafilmtwice.Perhapsitwon’tsurpriseyouthatthefirstone(1954)wasacartoon.In1984anotherfilmwasmade.Thiswasalive-action(真人版的)film.Thefamousbookhasalsobeenputoninthetheater.In1984aplaywasmadeandittouredanumberofBritishcities.34.Whichistherightorderofwhathappenedinthestory?a.Napoleonturnssnowballintoabigenemy.b.AnimalsaretiredofMrJones.c.Snowballbecomesoneoftheleaders.d.Napoleonkickssnowballoffthefarm.e.AnimalsgetridofMrJones.A.eabcd B.aebdc C.becad D.beacd35.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.GeorgeOrwellisthewriterofthebookAnimalFarm.B.AllthelearnersofEnglishshouldreadthisbook.C.Thebookbecameafilmin1947.D.SnowballandNapoleonleadthefarmintheend.36.WhatdoyouthinkofNapoleonaccordingtothepassage?A.Friendlyandkind. B.Politeandhelpful.C.Popularandhonest D.Dishonestandunkind37.Thepurposeofthepassageis______________________.A.tomakeanadvertisementforanewbookB.tointroduceusafamousnovelC.toshowaworldofanimalD.toattractustowatchafilm【答案】34.C35.A36.D37.B考點(diǎn)：考查日常生活類短文閱讀。2.Amotherreturnedhomefromthestoreverytiredly．Assheputdownallofthethingsonthekitchentable，her8-year-oldsonranuptoher．Hewaswaitingforherandwantedtotellherwhathisyoungerbrotherhaddone．“WhileIwasoutplayingandDadwasonacall，Tylertookhiscrayonsandwroteonthewall!It’sonthenewwallpaperyoujusthungupinthelivingroom．Itoldhimyouwouldbemadathimfordoingitagain，butIcouldn’tstophim.〞Sheletoutalongsoundandasked,“Hediditagain?Whereisyourlittlebrothernow?〞“Heisinhisroom，〞thesonansweredquickly．Shewalkedtotheyoungerson’sroom．Shecalledhisfullnameassheentered．Then，shefoundTyler．Hewastryingtohide．Heknewthattheworstmomentwascorning!Forthenext10minutes，theroomwasfullofhershoutingabouttheexpensivewallpaper．Shepunishedthelittleboyforhisbadbehavior．Then，sheheadedforthelivingroomtoseewhathappened．Asshesawthewall，hereyesfloodedwithtearsatonce．Itsaid“IloveMommy〞andwassurroundedwithaheart．Well,thewallpaperremained，justasshefoundit，withanemptypictureframehungaroundit．Aremindertoherandtoall：Taketimetoreadthehandwritingonthewall．Sowhenyouaresurethatsomethinggoeswrong，haveyoueverhadanydoubtthattheremightbeamisunderstanding?Takesometimetogiveitasecondthought．71．WhatdidTylerdobeforehismothercameback?A.Hehadabigfightwithhiselderbrother．B．Hebrokeallhiscrayonsandthrewthemaway．C．Heplayedgameswithhiselderbrotherintheirhouse．D．Hewrotesomethingonthenewwallpaperwithhiscrayons．72．WherewasTylerwhenhismothercamehome?A．Inhisroom．B．1nthelivingroom．C．Inhisstudy．D．Inthebathroom．73．Whatcanwelearnfromtheunderlinedsentence?A．Themotherbegantorealizehermistake．B．Themotherwasquiteangrywithherlittleson．C．Themotherdidn’tgetalongwellwithherlittleson．D.Themotherwantedtomakeherlittlesonfeelrelaxed74．Howdidthemotherfeelwhenshesawwhatherlittlesonwroteonthewallpaper?A.Calm．B．Surprised．C．MovedD．Relaxed．75．Whatisthemainideaofthestory?A．It’snevertoolatetoshowlovetoourfamilies．B．Lovefromyourmotheroftenhidesinsmallthings．C.It’simportanttobelieveinyourfamilymembers．D．We’dbettertaketimetolearnfromothers’mistakes．【答案】71.D72.A73.B74.C75.D【解析】試題分析：短文大意：小泰勒在媽媽回家前用蠟筆在墻紙上亂寫亂畫，媽媽很生氣，懲罰了自己的兒子。后來媽媽知道了事情的真相。當(dāng)媽媽看到墻紙上寫著“媽媽我愛你〞時(shí)，非常感動(dòng)，懊悔自己錯(cuò)怪了兒子。71.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段中的句子“Tylertookhiscrayonsandwroteonthewall!It’sonthenewwallpaperyoujusthungupinthelivingroom．〞可知，泰勒在媽媽回家前用蠟筆在墻紙上寫字，故答案為D。72.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段最后的句子“Whereisyourlittlebrothernow?〞“Heisinhisroom，〞thesonansweredquickly．可知，媽媽回家時(shí)，泰勒正在自己的房間里。答案為A。73.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Hediditagain?Whereisyourlittlebrothernow?〞及下一段的句子“theroomwasfullofhershoutingabouttheexpensivewallpaper．Shepunishedthelittleboyforhisbadbehavior．〞上面提到泰勒已經(jīng)被告狀在新墻紙上亂畫，此處的“他還在做嗎〞可以判斷他的媽媽很生氣，故答案為B?？键c(diǎn)：故事類短文閱讀。3.Whentravelling．youaresuretotrysomeexcitingnewkindsoffood．TheWildFoodFestival，inthetownofHokitika，thewestofCoastofNewZealand，givesyouthechancetotrysomestrangefood．Itisacelebrationoftheareasspeciallifestyleandfood．Anditcelebratesfoodthatmostpeoplemightnotwanttoeat．ItisheldinMarcheveryyear．Atthefestivalyouwillfindhuhugrubsandbeetlesonyourplate．ThefestivalalsocelebratesMaorifood.thefoodofthetraditionalnativepeopleofNewNealandAndvisitorswilleatthewildfoodwithplentyoffamousWestCoastbeer．What’smore，therearethreestagesatthefestival，wherethereislivemusicandentertainmentandaylong．IfyouhavethechancetotraveltoHokititaduringtheWildFoodFestival，youshouldbookahotelbeforeitbegins．oryoucanchoosetostayatlocalschools．Anumberoflocalschoolsbecomecampinggroundsovertheweekendofthefestival．YoucanalsostayinGreymouth，becausetherearebusesfromGreymouthtothefestival．76．WhenistheWildFoodFestivalheldinthetownofHokitikaeveryyear?A．InMarch．B．InApril．C．InMay．D．InJune．77．Whatwillyoufindonyourplateatthefestival?A．Huhugrubsandbeetles．B．WestCoastbeer．C．Fishandchicken．D．Porkandeggs．78．Whichactivitycan’tyoudoatthefestival?A．YoucaneatMaorifood．B．Youcanenjoylivemusicandentertainment．C．YoucandrinkWestCoastbeer．D．YoucanmakeMaorifoodbyyourself．79．Whichplacecan’tyoustayduringthefestival?A．Ahotel．B.Localschools．CInGreymouth．D．Anexcitingplace．【答案】76.A77.A78.D79.D77.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段開頭的句子“Atthefestivalyouwillfindhuhugrubsandbeetlesonyourplate．〞可知，在餐桌上會(huì)看到蠶蛾幼蟲和甲蟲。答案為A。78.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文中的句子“ThefestivalalsocelebratesMaorifood.AndvisitorswilleatthewildfoodwithplentyoffamousWestCoastbeer．thereislivemusicandentertainmentandaylong．〞D．YoucanmakeMaorifoodbyyourself．你可以自己做毛利食品。沒有提及，故答案為D。79.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文最后一段中的句子“youshouldbookahotelbeforeitbegins．oryoucanchoosetostayatlocalschools．YoucanalsostayinGreymouth，〞故D答案不是居住的場(chǎng)所。考點(diǎn)：社會(huì)文化類短文閱讀。4.Whitebreadisthoughttohavea1onghistory．InancientEgypt,peoplediscoveredwhitebreadabout8,000yearsago．Thereissomethinginterestingaboutwhitebread．Intheoldtimes，manycitiesinancientGreecesaidtheyownedthebestquality．Inthemiddleages，bakersinEnglandcarefullyguardtheirsecretsofmakingbread．Anyonewhohopedtolearntheartofmakingbreadmustspendsevenyearsonit．Intimesofwaranddisasters(災(zāi)難)，breadandwheatwerethefirstthingstobekeptclosely．However，inthemid-1800s，anengineerfromSwitzerlandinventedanewkindmilltoproducemorewhitebreadatafasterspeed．SoonbreadmakingbecamewidelypopularalloverEurope．In1928，Americahadthefirstcompanytoproduceandsellmountainsofwhitebread.80．Howmanycountriesarementionedinthearticle?A．Four．B．Five．C．SixD．Seven．81．WhomadewhitebreadbecomemorepopularinEurope?A.AGreek．B．AnEgyptian．CAnEnglishman．D．ASwiss。82．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“guard〞meansinChinese?A.生產(chǎn)B.守衛(wèi)C.銷售D．購置83．Whichofthefollowingistrue?A．Whitebreadhasahistoryofabout800years．B．Americahadthefirstcompanytosellmountainsofwhitebread．C．Egyptproducedthemostwhitebreadintheworld．D．ItwaseasytolearnhowtomakewhitebreadinancientBritain．84．Whatisthebesttitleofthearticle?A．Thehistoryofwhitebread．BDifferentkindsofbread．C.Themostdeliciousfood．D．Howtomakewhitebread．【答案】80.B81.D82.B83.B84.A【解析】試題分析：白面包具有悠久的歷史。最早可以追溯到8000年前的古埃及。在中世紀(jì)，英國的面包師們不輕易把制作秘方傳授給他人。任何人希望學(xué)習(xí)制作面包的藝術(shù)必須花費(fèi)七年時(shí)間。19世紀(jì)中期，瑞士的一名工程師讓白面包在歐洲變的更受歡送。直到1928年,美國才有了第一家生產(chǎn)和銷售大量的白面包公司。80.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)InancientEgypt,;bakersinEngland；manycitiesinancientGreece;anengineerfromSwitzerland;America共5個(gè)國家，應(yīng)選B。81.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文最后一段中的句子“…anengineerfromSwitzerlandinventedanewkindmilltoproducemorewhitebreadatafasterspeed．SoonbreadmakingbecamewidelypopularalloverEurope〞可知，是瑞士的一名工程師讓白面包在歐洲變的更受歡送。故答案為D?？键c(diǎn)：歷史文化類短文閱讀。5.Name：ContainerGardensbyNumberCoverprice：$l5.95Ourprice：$9.49Abookcovers50easy-to-followcontainer(容器)designs.Eachdesignprovidesasimplenumberedplantingplanthatshowsexactlyhowtocreateeachdisplay，withaninstructionofthefinishedcontainerandin-depthplantinformation.Theplansareeasytofollowandforanytypeoflivingspaceorgarden.Name：OfftheBeatenPathCoverprice：$30.00Ourprice：$l9.80Thebest-sellingReader’sDigesttravelbookhas40%newcontentincludingover200newplacesofinterest，over200newfull-colorphotographs，andall-new，up-to-datemaps.Itintroducesoverl，000oftheUnitedStates’mostbeautifulmust-seesights.Name：l80lHomeTreatmentCoverprice：$40.00Ourprice：$29.96Plentyofhealthproblemscanbesolvedathome.Eachandeverytreatmentwillbetestedbyadoctortomakesureitissafeandsound.Lotsofconditionsarecovered，fromheadaches，sunburnandbadbreathtohiccups(打嗝).Name：BestWeekendProjectsCoverprice：$l7.95Ourprice：$l3.96Choosefrom80ideastocreateanunusuallivingspace.Theprojectsarepractical，aswellasattractive，andwillimproveyourhomeandyardandcanbemadeinaweekend.These80well-designedprojectsarepresentedinaclear，easy-to-followstyle.31.Howmuchmoneycanyousaveifyouwanttobuyamedicalbook?A.$6.46.B.$l0.20. C.$l3.96.D.$l0.04.32.Youcanmostprobablyreadthepassageina___________.A.newspaper B.travelguide C.newsstory D.telephonebook33.Thewriterwritesthepassageinorderto___________.A.developpeople’sreadinghabitB.trytoaskreaderstobuythebooksC.teachhowtodesignyourlivingspaceD.introduceplacesofinterestintheUSA【答案】31.D32.A33.B32.A考查推理判斷題?！締栴}】你最有可能會(huì)在_______讀到這篇文章。這些書籍包括旅游、園藝、家居、健康等多個(gè)方面，所以本文應(yīng)該是報(bào)紙上的廣告。選A。33.B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題?！締栴}】作者寫這篇文章，目的是_________。根據(jù)內(nèi)容可知本文為廣告，所以目的是想建議讀者買書。選B?？键c(diǎn)：考查廣告布告類短文閱讀。6.Asakid，Ireadastoryofabird.Itdescribedamalebirdwhichtakesalotofpaintobuildahouseandthefemalebirdtakescareofthebabyinit.Whenthebabybirdlearnstofly，thewholefamilyfliesofftoadifferentplaceleavingbehindthebeautifulnestforotherbirdstogrowtheirfamilyinit.Itmademeconfused(困惑的)：Howcouldtheysoeasilygiveuptheirhousebuiltwithsomucheffort?Onenight，Igotthisdream.Iwaswalkingontheendlessroadwithbeautifultreesontheeitherside.Attractedbythegreenery，Iwenton，thenIsawawonderfulhouse.Iexploredthehouse.Therewasasloping(斜的)roofwhichmatchedwiththegreeneryaround；thelargecentralopenyardremindedmeoftheactivitiesthatmighthavetakenplacetherewhichfeltlivelyevennow.Thesmallwaterbodythatkeptthehousecooladdedtothebeautyofthehouse—ofcourse，itwasalldriedupnow.Suchlivelinessturnsthehouseintoahome.Peoplesay“THEHOMEISWHERETHEHEARTIS〞，andnowIfeltitandwasattracteddeeply.WhenIwokeupfromthedream，Iwasclearabouteverything.Irealizedwhatmessagemydreamwantedtoconvey(傳遞)me.Andyearslater，whenIchosemycareer，Ithoughtofthestoryofthebirdandmydream，thenIwassurewhattodo.Idecidedtochoosearchitectureasmycareer.Iwantedtodothesamethingthatthemalebirdinthestorydid，totakepaininbuildingabeautifulhouseandletothersstayinit.MydreamcomestrueandthehappinessthatIgainnowfromthiscareerisgreat.34.Whenthewriterreadthestoryofthebird，hefelt_______.A.bored B.confused C.amazed D.worried35.Inthewriter'sdream，whatpartofthehouseattractedhimmost?A.Theslopingroofofthehouse. B.Thebodyofwaterthatkeepsthehousecool.C.Thelargecentralopenyard.D.Thelivelinessthathefeltaroundthehouse.36.Theunderlinedword“architecture〞inParagraph3means_______inChinese.A.考古B.天文C.建筑 D.藝術(shù)37.Thepassageismainlyabout_______.A.howthebirdcouldgiveuptheirhouseeasilyB.howthewriterfinallybecomesanhonestcitizenC.whatweneedtodowhenwechooseourcareerD.whythewriterchoosesarchitectureashiscareer【答案】34.B35.D36.C37.D34.B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題?！締栴}】當(dāng)作者閱讀鳥的故事，他的感到_______。A.bored無聊的；無趣的；煩人的；B.confused困惑的；混亂的；糊涂的；C.amazed驚奇的，吃驚的；D.worried擔(dān)憂的。根據(jù)第一段最后一二句Itmademeconfused(困惑的)：Howcouldtheysoeasilygiveuptheirhousebuiltwithsomucheffort?可知作者閱讀鳥的故事，他的感到困惑。應(yīng)選B。35.D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。【問題】在作者的夢(mèng)中，房子的哪一局部最吸引他?A.Theslopingroofofthehouse.房子的斜面屋頂；B.Thebodyofwaterthatkeepsthehousecool.保持房子涼爽的水體。C.Thelargecentralopenyard.大型中央天井；D.Thelivelinessthathefeltaroundthehouse.房子的周圍他感到的活力。根據(jù)第二段最后一二句Suchlivelinessturnsthehouseintoahome.Peoplesay“THEHOMEISWHERETHEHEARTIS〞，andnowIfeltitandwasattracteddeeply.根據(jù)句意和語境可知選D。36.C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題?！締栴}】在第三段中劃線單詞“architecture〞的中文意思是____________。根據(jù)下文Iwantedtodothesamethingthatthemalebirdinthestorydid，totakepaininbuildingabeautifulhouseandletothersstayinit.〔我想做故事里的公鳥同樣的事情，艱辛地去建立一個(gè)美麗的房子，并讓其他人住在里面。〕結(jié)合句意和語境可知architecture是建筑的意思。應(yīng)選C。37.D考查主旨理解題?！締栴}】這篇文章主要關(guān)于__________________。A.howthebirdcouldgiveuptheirhouseeasily這只鳥怎么能輕易地放棄他們的房子；B.howthewriterfinallybecomesanhonestcitizen作者如何最終成為一個(gè)老實(shí)的公民；C.whatweneedtodowhenwechooseourcareer當(dāng)我們選擇我們的職業(yè)時(shí)，我們需要做什么；D.whythewriterchoosesarchitectureashiscareer作者為什么選擇建筑作為自己的事業(yè)。本文主要內(nèi)容是作者小時(shí)候聽到一個(gè)關(guān)于一種小鳥的故事，這種鳥的公鳥負(fù)責(zé)搭窩，母鳥負(fù)責(zé)撫養(yǎng)后代，小鳥長大后，他們飛走了，把鳥窩留給其他鳥。作者做了一個(gè)關(guān)于房子的夢(mèng)，他決定長大后做一名建筑師，像那只公鳥一樣。最后作者成功了，也收到了很多快樂。根據(jù)本文主要內(nèi)容可知選D?？键c(diǎn)：考查故事類短文閱讀。7.Oneday，aphysically-deformedmancametoourcollegeandonhisbackwasanoticesaying，“Freeshoerepairingforcollegestudents〞.Repairingshoesforfree?Mostofusdidn’tbelieveit，andsomeeventhoughtthatitwasjustadevice(策略)tothestudentswhowouldhavetopayforshoesoncetheyhadbeenrepaired.Butthemanjustsmiledandsaid，“Saveyourmoneytobuysomebooks.〞ThesewordsreallysurprisedmeandItalkedwithhim，“Youneedtomakealiving.Whydoyourepairshoesforusforfree?〞Heanswered，whilekeepingonworking，“I’manilliterate(文盲)，butIknowhowimportantknowledgeisforeveryone.SoI’dliketoservethestudentslikeyou.Ihopeyoucandowellinyourstudies.Inmyopinion，moneyisn’teverythinginlife.〞Afterthechat，Ifelthewasgreatcomparedwithme.He，aphysically-deformedmanwhocouldn’twalkwithoutawheelchair，stilltriedhisbesttodevote(奉獻(xiàn))himselftosociety.Iwouldliketothankhimbecausehegavemeanewdirectioninmylife，andtaughtmewhatthetruevalueoflifeis.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，答復(fù)以下問題?！裁款}1分，共5分〕61.Thispassagewaswrittenby_______.A.aphysically-deformedmanB.areporterC.acollegestudentD.ashoemaker62.Whatwordsofthephysically-deformedmansurprisedthewriter?A.Saveyourmoneytobuysomebooks.B.Freeshoerepairingforcollegestudents.C.Howimportantknowledgeisforeveryone.D.Moneyisn’teverythinginlife.63.Howdidthephysically-deformedmangoout?A.Bycar.B.Bybike.C.Onfood.D.Bywheelchair.64.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofthephysically-deformedman?A.Heishard-working.B.Heisbrave.C.Heisgreat.D.Heishealthy.65.Whichofthefollowingwordhasthesimilarmeaningtotheword“physically-deformed〞?A.sickB.disabledC.blindD.deaf【答案】61.C62.A63.D64.C65.B62.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第三行“Saveyourmoneytobuysomebooks.〞ThesewordsreallysurprisedmeandItalkedwithhim，“Youneedtomakealiving.可知，“節(jié)約錢來買書〞這句話使作者驚奇。應(yīng)選A。63.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第