新視界綜合教程UnitReadingacrosscultures

Leading-inReadthetextquicklyandidentifythenameforthefollowingdiagramsgivenbyRobertKaplan.ScanningA.EnglishB.SlavC.OrientalD.RomanceE.Semitic第1頁/共34頁第一頁，共35頁。Leading-inScanningFindouttheexpressionsusedtodescribethethoughtpatternsgivenbyRobertKaplan.EnglishSemiticOrientalRomanceSlavFeature

StraighttothepointBacktrackingandreturningtothepointApproachingtothefocusgraduallyasifmovingarounditincirclesStrayingfromthepointFrequentlyincludingirrelevantideas第2頁/共34頁第二頁，共35頁。Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.WhatideadidRobertKaplanhave?Whoseworkwashelookingat?Whichstudentswent“straighttothepoint”intheirwriting?Whichstudentsdidn’t?WhywasKaplan’sideacriticized?Whatcanbesaidinfavouroftheidea?Readingcomprehensionclickclickclickclickclickclick第3頁/共34頁第三頁，共35頁。Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.BackRobert Kaplan thoughtthatpeoplefromdifferentcultureshavedifferentthoughtpatterns.1.WhatideadidRobertKaplanhave?Readingcomprehension第4頁/共34頁第四頁，共35頁。2.Whoseworkwashelookingat?BackHewaslookingattheworkofnon-nativestudentsathisuniversityinCalifornia.Readingcomprehension第5頁/共34頁第五頁，共35頁。3.Whichstudentswent“straighttothepoint”intheirwriting?BackNativespeakersofEnglish. Readingcomprehension第6頁/共34頁第六頁，共35頁。4.Whichstudentsdidn’t?BackNon-nativeEnglishspeakers. Readingcomprehension第7頁/共34頁第七頁，共35頁。5.WhywasKaplan’sideacriticized?BackBecauseitwasthoughttobetoosimplistic,basedoninsufficientevidenceandwasbiasedinfavourofKaplan’sownculture,assumingthatithadthe“mostefficient”approach. Readingcomprehension第8頁/共34頁第八頁，共35頁。6.Whatcanbesaidinfavouroftheidea?BackItremindsusthatmasteringEnglishrequiresunderstandingofahigherleveloforganizationthanthesentencelevel,andthatpeoplefromdifferentculturalbackgroundshavedifferentwaysofcommunicatingtheirideas.Readingcomprehension第9頁/共34頁第九頁，共35頁。NewWords1.systematic2.origin3.illustrate4.criticism

5.simplisticNewWordsVocabulary6.insufficient7.bias8.device9.figurative10.classify

第10頁/共34頁第十頁，共35頁。Phrasesputforwardinfavourof

inparticularVocabulary第11頁/共34頁第十一頁，共35頁。adj.

doneaccordingtoacarefulplanandinathoroughway

有系統(tǒng)的；有計劃的；有條理的例句翻譯釋義systematicBack他們收集資料的方法條理性不夠。Thewaythey'vecollectedtheirdataisnotverysystematic.Words例句翻譯科學是經驗的系統(tǒng)分類。Scienceisthesystematicclassificationofexperience.第12頁/共34頁第十二頁，共35頁。例句翻譯釋義1n.[C,U](oftenpl)thecountry,race,orsocialsituationthatsomeonecomesfrom

出身；血統(tǒng)

origin

Thomashasnotforgottenhishumbleorigins.她想掩蓋其上層階級的出身，但她的口音卻讓她露了餡兒。WordsShetriestohideherupper-classorigins,butheraccentgivesheraway.例句翻譯托馬斯沒有忘記自己卑微的出身。第13頁/共34頁第十三頁，共35頁。Theoriginoftheinfectionisstillunknown.傳染源依然不明。釋義2n.[C]theplaceormomentwheresomethingbeginstoexist

來源；起源；開端例句翻譯origin

WordsBack真題Thecollegecantraceitsoriginsbacktothe18thcentury.這所學院的淵源可追溯至18世紀。例句翻譯Oneofthemostinterestingofallstudiesisthestudyofwordsandwordorigins.

(Jun.1994,CET4,VocabularyandStructure)第14頁/共34頁第十四頁，共35頁。TheprocessisillustratedinFigure4.該過程如圖4所示。

釋義vt.toshowwhatsomethingislike,orshowthatsomethingistrue

舉例說明；闡明；表明例句翻譯illustrate

WordsLetmegiveanotherexampletoillustratethisdifficultpoint.我再舉個例子來說明這一難點。

例句翻譯Back第15頁/共34頁第十五頁，共35頁。釋義n.[U]commentsthatshowthatyouthinksomethingiswrongorbad

批評；批判；指責criticismBack例句翻譯It’snotunusualforpoliticianstoattractcriticism.政治家遭到批評是常見的事。Words真題Criticismandself-criticismisnecessaryinthatithelpsustofindandcorrectourmistakes.

(Jun.1998,CET4,VocabularyandStructure)例句翻譯Plansforthenewroadhavedrawnfiercecriticismfromlocalpeople.修建新公路的計劃受到了當地人的強烈指責。第16頁/共34頁第十六頁，共35頁。釋義a.treatingsomethinginawaythatmakesitseemmuchsimplerthanitreallyis

過于簡單化的例句翻譯Back這些圖形有點過于簡單的。Thegraphicsaresomewhatsimplistic.例句翻譯對經濟政策問題幼稚而簡單化的處理方法anaiveandsimplisticapproachtoeconomicpolicyWords

simplistic第17頁/共34頁第十七頁，共35頁。釋義a.(fml)notenough

不充足的；不充分的例句翻譯例句

insufficientThereareinsufficientfundsinyouraccount.您的賬戶金額不足。Theresourcesavailablearequiteinsufficientforthetask.現有的資源根本不足以完成這一任務。翻譯WordsBack第18頁/共34頁第十八頁，共35頁。釋義vt.(usupassive)toinfluencesomeone’sopinions,decisionsetcsothattheybehaveinanunfairway

使有偏見例句翻譯Back他的固執(zhí)使老板對他產生了偏見。Hisstubbornnessbiasedtheemployeragainsthim.Wordsbias例句翻譯他一開始就對這個人有偏見。Hewasbiasedagainstthepersonfromthebeginning.第19頁/共34頁第十九頁，共35頁。釋義1n.[C](fml)awaythatawriter,artistetccreatesaparticulareffectormakespeoplehaveaparticularreaction

（作家、藝術家等的）手法

例句翻譯device

Metaphorisacommonliterarydevice.隱喻是一種常用的文學手法。

Words例句翻譯CaoXueqinusesdreamsasadevicetofillinthecharacters'backgrounds.曹雪芹通過夢境來介紹人物的背景。第20頁/共34頁第二十頁，共35頁。釋義2n.[C]amachineorpieceofequipmentthat

doesaparticularthing

器械；設備；裝置例句翻譯例句Back她發(fā)明了一種在下雨時能自動關窗的裝置。Sheinventedadevicethatautomaticallycloseswindowswhenitrains.Apagerisasmall,electronicdeviceforsendingmessages.翻譯尋呼機是一種用來發(fā)送信息的小型電子裝置。Words真題ThisisanewdevicewhichwillsoonbetestedinanexperimentalcarinJapan.

(Jan.1999,CET4,ListeningComprehension)device

第21頁/共34頁第二十一頁，共35頁。釋義a.ifyouusewordsinafigurativeway,youusethemnotintheirnormalliteralmeaningbutinawaythatmakesadescriptionmoreinterestingorimpressive

比喻的；借喻的例句翻譯

figurative

Back油燈象征著知識。Anoillampisafigurativerepresentationofknowledge.例句翻譯“我的愛人像一朵紅紅的玫瑰”是比喻用法的一個例子?！癕yloveislikeared,redrose”isanexampleofthefigurativeuseoflanguage.Words第22頁/共34頁第二十二頁，共35頁。釋義vt.toputpeopleorthingsintoparticulargroupsaccordingtothefeaturesthattheyhave

把······分類；把······分級例句翻譯例句classifyAlibrarianclassifiesbooksaccordingtosubjectmatter.圖書管理員把書按照學科分類。Athirdofthepopulationhasbeenclassifiedaspoor.三分之一的人口被劃為窮人。翻譯WordsThey(foxes)areofficiallyclassifiedasharmfulandfarmerstrytokeeptheirnumbersdownbyshootingorpoisoningthem.

(Jan.2002,CET4,ReadingComprehension)真題Back第23頁/共34頁第二十三頁，共35頁。釋義tosuggestsomethingorofferanidea,opinion,reasonetc,especiallysothatpeoplecandiscussitormakeadecision

提出（想法、觀點、理由等）例句翻譯put

forwardBack他在會上提出了一個很好的建議。

例句翻譯諸位有什么意見，歡迎提出來。Youarewelcometoputforwardyourviews.WordsHeputforwardaverygoodsuggestionatthemeeting.第24頁/共34頁第二十四頁，共35頁。釋義supportingapersonoranidea,proposaletcthatyoubelieveisright

支持；贊同例句翻譯Thoseinfavouroftheproposal,pleaseraiseyourhands.支持這項提議的請舉手。Words例句翻譯Iwasnotinfavourofwhatisbeingdonehere.我并不贊成眼下正在做的這件事情。

infavourof

Back第25頁/共34頁第二十五頁，共35頁。釋義especially尤其；特別例句翻譯例句

inparticularAongallthemerchandise,Iwasinterestedinthecottonpieceinparticular.在所有商品中，我對棉布特別感興趣。Hisstatementreferstopeopleingeneral,nottoanyoneinparticular.翻譯他的發(fā)言是泛指一般情況，并不是特別針對誰。WordsBack第26頁/共34頁第二十六頁，共35頁。DoyouthinkthereisanytruthinKaplan’sOrientalthoughtpattern?Doyouthinkthereisanytruthintheotherthoughtpatterns?Wereyoutaughttowriteinaparticularway,ortouseaparticularstyle?WhenyouwriteinEnglish,howdoyouplanandstructureyourwriting?Workinpairsanddiscussthequestions.Discussion第27頁/共34頁第二十七頁，共35頁。Ithinkso.SpeakersorwriterswithanOrientalthoughtpatterntendtoputtheirkeypointlast,andtogivelotsofbackgroundinformationandexplanationsatthebeginningandmiddlepartsoftheirwriting.Idon’tagreewiththeidea.Itseemstomeallthepatternsmentionedinthepassagecouldexistinoneculture,althoughsomepeoplemaypreferonepatternratherthananother.1)DoyouthinkthereisanytruthinKaplan’sOrientalthoughtpattern?BackDiscussion第28頁/共34頁第二十八頁，共35頁。2)Doyouthinkthereisanytruthintheotherthoughtpatterns?BackIthinkitmightbetruethatthereareotherthoughtpatternsbecausesometimesIcanunderstandeverywordinanarticleorreport,butIstillfindithardtofollowitslogicandunderstandwhatitistryingtosay.Discussion第29頁/共34頁第二十九頁，共35頁。Ithinkso,especiallywhenwewereinprimaryandsecondaryschools.3)Wereyoutaughttowriteinaparticularway,ortouseaparticularstyle?BackDiscussion第30頁/共34頁第三十頁，共35頁。Idodrawupaplan.Iusuallytrytofollowthepatternoftheexampletheteacherhasgivenus.Ofcourse,whenIamwritinginEnglishalotofmytimeandattentionhastobegiventomakingsureIamnotmakingtoomanygra