法律英語名詞解釋1

A:1acquittal宣告無罪The

legalcertification,usu.byjuryverdictthatanaccusedpersonisnotguiltyofthechargedoffense.2.authority法源A

legalwritingtakenasdefinitiveordecisive,esp.ajudicialoradministrativedecisioncitedasaprecedent.3ALIamericanlawinstitute美國法學會An

organizationoflawyers,judges,andlegalscholarswhopromoteaonsistencyandsincplificationofamericanlawbypublishingrestatement,aswellaspromotingcontinuinglegaleducation.4,.articleofincorporation公司章程A

documentthatsetforththebasictermsofacorporation'sexistence,includingthenumberandclassesofsharesandthepurposesanddurationsofthecorporation.C:1.criminallaw刑法Thebodyoflawdefiningoffensesagainstthecommunityatlargeregulatinghowsuspectsareinvestigated,chargedandtriedandestablishingpunishmentforconvictedoffenders.2.crime犯罪A

socialharmthatthelawmakespunishable,thebreachofalegaldutytreatedasthesubject-matterofacriminalproceeding.3.criminalprocedure刑事訴訟程序The

rulesgoverningthemechanismsunderwhichcrimesareinvestigated,prosecuted，adjudicated,andpunishment.4.civilrights民權(quán)The

individualrightsofpersonallibertybybillofrightsand13th,14th,15thand19thamendment,aswellasbylegislationsuchasthevotingrightact.5.civil-rightsact民權(quán)法案One

ofseveralfederalstatutesenactedafterthecivilwarandmuchlaterduringandaftercivil-rightsmovementsofthe1950sand1960s,hibitingdiscriminationinemployment,andeducationonthebasisofrace,sex,religion,colororrage.6.civilaction民事訴訟An

actionbroughttoenforceredressorprotectaprivateorcivilrights,anon-criminallitigation.7.contract合同An

agreementbetweentwoormorepartiescreatingobligationsthatareenforcebleorotherwiserecognizableatmunityproperty共同財產(chǎn)權(quán)Property

ownedincommonbyhusbandandwifeasaresultofitshavingbeenacquiredthemarriagebymeansotherthananinheritanceoragifttoonespouse,eachspouseholdingaone-halfinterestsintheproperty.9.corporation公司An

entityhavingauthorityunderlawtoactasasinglepersondistinctfromtheshareholderswhoownitandhavingrightstoissuestockandexistindefinitelyD:1.damages損害賠償金Money

claimedby,ororderedtobepaidto,apersonascompensationtorlossorinjury.2.dutyofcare注意義務In

torts,italsotermedduty,alegalrelationshiparisingfromastandardofcare,theviolationofwhichsubjectstheactortoliability.3.doctrineofresipsaloquacious不言自明原則The

doctrineprovidingthatinsomecircumstance,themereactsofanaccidentsoccurrenceraisesaninferenceofnegligencrsoastoestablishaprimefaciecase.4.director董事長A

personappointedorelectedtositonaboardthatmanagesthataffairsofacorporationorcompanybyelectinganderercisingcontroloveritsofficers.E:1.EEOCEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommission平等工作機會委員會A

federalagencycreatedundercivilrightsactof1964totheenddiscriminationemploymentpracticeandtopromotenondiscriminatoryemploymentprograms.2.easement通行權(quán)地役權(quán)An

interestinlandownedbyanotherperson,consistingintherighttouseorcontraltheland,oranareaaboveorbelowit,foraspecificlimitedpurpose.F:1.fraud欺詐Unconscionable

dealingesp.incontractlaw,theunconsciontioususeofthepowerarisingoutofthepartiesrelativepositionsandresultinginanunconscionablebargain.2.foreclosure喪失贖回權(quán)A

legalproceedingtoterminateamortgagor'sinterestinproperty,institutedbythelender,eithertogaintitleortoforceasaleinordertosatisfytheunpaiddebtsecuredbytheproperty.3.federalantitrustact聯(lián)邦反托拉斯法The

bodyoflawdesignedtoprotecttradeandcommencefromrestrains,monopolieprice-fixingandpricediscrimination.4.frustration合同落空The

doctrinethatiftheentireperformanceofacontractbecomesfundamentallychangedwithoutanyfaultbyeitherparty,thecontractisconsideredterminatedforce.I:1.insanitydefense以精神病作辯護Anaffirmativedefenseallegingthatamentaldisordercausedtocommitthecrime2.imprisonment監(jiān)禁incarcerationThe

actofconfining