2019年全國高考英語卷1(附答案)

...2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試 （全國卷I）英語注意事項(xiàng)：.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有 10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.七9.15.B.均.18.C.均.15.答案是CoI.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Inaclassroom.B.Inahospital.C.Inamuseum..WhatdoesJackwanttodo?A.Takefitnessclasses.B.Buyapairofgymshoes.C.Changehisworkschedule..Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whattodrink.B.Wheretomeet.C.Whentoleave..Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleges.B.Classmates.C.Strangers..WhyisEmilymentionedintheconversation?A.Shemightwantaticket.B.Sheislookingfortheman.C.Shehasanextraticket.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）,.,.A、B、C三個(gè)A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題 5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出 5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。.HowlongdidJamesrunhisbusiness?A.10years.B.13years.C.15years..HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutJames'situation?A.Embarrassed.B.Concerned.C.Disappointed.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。.WhathasKate'smotherdecidedtodo?A.Returntoschool.B.Changeherjob.C.Retirefromwork..WhatdidKate'smotherstudyatcollege?A.Oilpainting.B.Arthistory.C.Businessadministration..WhatisKate'sattitudetowardhermother'sdecision?A.Disapproving.B.Ambiguous.C.Understanding.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。.Whatisthemandoing?A.Chairingameeting.Hostingaradioprogram.Conductingajobinterview..WhatbenefitsMarymostinherjob?A.Herwidereading.B.Herleaders'guidance.C.Herfriends'help.WhowillMarytalkaboutnext?A.Herteacher.B.HerfatherC.Hermother.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。.Whydoesthemanseldomdoexercise?Helacksmotivation.Hehasaheartproblem.Heworksallthetime..WhatdoesJacobSattelmairprobablydo?A.He'sanathlete.B.He'saresearcher.C.He'sajournalist..Whydoesthewomanspeakofastudy?Toencouragetheman.Torecommendanexercise....C.Tosupportherfindings..Howmuchtimewillthemanprobablyspendexercisingweekly?A.300minutes.B.150minute.C.75minutes.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。.Whatdidthescientistsdototheroad?A.Theyrepairedit.B.Theypaintedit.C.Theyblockedit.Whyareyoungbirdsdrawntotheroadsurface?A.It'swarm.B.It'sbrown.C.It'ssmooth..Whatisthepurposeofthescientists'experiment?Tokeepthebirdsthereforawholeyear.Tohelpstudentsstudythebirdswell.Topreventthebirdsfrombeingkilled.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ANeedaJobThisSummer?Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.JobsforYouthIfyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible（符合條件forthisprogram.Whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.Whoiseligible:Youth15-18yearsoldinselectcommunities（社區(qū)）.SummerCompanySummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15-29,returningtoschoolinthefall.StewardshipYouthRangerProgramYoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear....,.,.SummerEmploymentOpportunities（機(jī)會(huì)）ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?A.15-18.B.15-24.C.15-29.D.16-17.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?A.JobsforYouth.B.SummerCompany.C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram.D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.BForCanaanElementary'secondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.,todayisspeechday,andrightnowit'ChrisPalaez'turn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemsliketheofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthe'snervous."I'hmretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…"Christripsonthe-ld,"pronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.”…Vote…me…"Excepforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstaredlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls（回想起）howatthebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupontoread,Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes."Ittakesalotforanystudent,"Whaleyexplains,“espciallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage,tofeelconfidentenoughtosay,'Idon'know,butIwanttoknow.'"Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast（夸耀）aboutthemselves.“Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”WhatmadeChrisnervous?A.Tellingastory.B.Makingaspeech.C.Takingatest.D.Answeringaquestion.Whatdoestheunderlinedword “stumbles'inparagraph2referto?A.Improperpauses.B.Badmanners.C.Spellingmistakes.D.Sillyjokes.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley'sprojectisto.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsassessstudents'publicspeakingskillspreparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsinspirestudents'loveforpoliticsWhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A.Humorous.B.Ambitious.C.Caring.D.Demanding.CAsdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric（生物測(cè)量）technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice（裝置）thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence印奏）withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser'stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit'sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.Italsodoesn'trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen'talreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch"foumesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?A.Toreducepressureonkeys.B.ToimproveaccuracyintypingC.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?Computersaremucheasiertooperate.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?all1osoisgitieocooll.A.It'llbeenvironment-friendly.B.It'llreachconsumerssoon.C.It'llbemadeofplastics.D.It'llhelpspeeduptyping.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary.B.AguidebookC.Anovel.D.Amagazine.DDuringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool（小學(xué)）,Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikablesplays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jumpstartinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere'thekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinsteinstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,are“mostlikelytoengage（從事）indangerousandriskybehavior.Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys（調(diào)查研究）.“Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus."Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate-sharing,kindness,openness-carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too."Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage,“hesaid.Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?A.Unkind.B.Lonely.C.Generous.D.Cool.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?Theclassificationofthepopular.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents....,.,.C.Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.D.Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.WhatdidDr.Prinstein'studyfindaboutthemostlikedkids?Theyappearedtobeaggressive.Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.Theyenjoyedthehigheststatus.Theyperformedwellacademically.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?BeNice-YouWontFinishLastTheHighertheStatus,theBeerBetheBest-YouCanMakeItMoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair."36Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.37Iftheairyou'rebreathingisclean-whichitwouldbeifyou'reawayfromthesmogofcities-thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles（肌肉）andyourbrain.Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing（治愈）.38Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood（情緒）.Greeneryisgoodforus.HospitalpatientsWhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.39Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.40Whilethesun'srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveisbeneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminD-butstillprotectyourskin—putonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthat'splentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbaday'sworthofVitaminD.Freshaircleansourlungs.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?Beinginnaturerefreshesus.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociateairwithhealthcare.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，？茜分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的 A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They41withthemlotsofwaste.The42mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciers（冰川）aredisappearing,changingthe43ofKilimanjaro.Hearingthesestories,I'n44abouttheplace-otherdestinationsaredescribedas“purernaturalexperiences.However,Isoon45thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof46amongtonsofrubbish.Ifinda47mountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.Theenvironmentalchallengesare48buttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe49.ThebestofaKilimanjaro50,inmyopinion,isn'reachingthetop.Mountainsare,51asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This52isespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas53gothroughfiveecosystems住態(tài)系統(tǒng)）inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters,54landsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweather55—lowcloudsenvelopethemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.I56twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighland57:gravel（礫石）,stonesandrocks.58youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith59snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.DoesKilimanjaro60itsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.A.keepB.mixC.connectD.bringA.storiesB.buildingsC.crowdsD.reportersA.positionB.ageC.faceD.nameA.silentB.skepticalC.seriousD.crazyA.discoverB.argueC.decideD.advocateA.equipmentB.grassC.campsD.stonesA.remoteB.quietC.allD.cleanA.newB.specialC.significantD.necessaryA.payingoffB.spreadingoutC.blowingupD.fadingawayA.atmosphereB.experienceC.experimentD.sightA.studiedB.observedC.exploredD.regardedA.viewB.qualityC.reasonD.purposeA.scientistsB.climbersC.localsD.officialsA.holdingontoB.goingbacktoC.livinguptoD.givingwaytoA.changesB.clearsC.improvesD.permitsA.matchB.imagineC.countD.addA.villageB.desertC.roadD.lakeA.ObviouslyB.EasilyC.ConsequentlyD.FinallyA.permanentB.littleC.freshD.artificialA.enjoyB.deserveC.saveD.acquire第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，，茜分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88,thereisevidence_61theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.Modemmethods63trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive64(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunayut65(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa66(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby67（note）thathungrybearsmaybecongregating（聚集）aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion（錯(cuò)覺）thatpopulationsare68（high）thantheyactuallyare.Of69nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six70（be）stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文， 請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。 文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào) （A）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；