高三英語(現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞用法復(fù)習(xí))

教師輔導(dǎo)講義年級(jí)：高三課時(shí)數(shù)：3輔導(dǎo)科目英語課題現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞用法復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)根據(jù)高考大綱，有重點(diǎn)地分析現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞的重要考點(diǎn)和具體語境里的綜合運(yùn)用。教學(xué)內(nèi)容Stepl、Greetings&FreetalkIstheresomethinginterestingorimportantthisweek?Step2、AssignmentsChecking檢查回家做的作業(yè)并對(duì)錯(cuò)題進(jìn)行分析2?髙考重點(diǎn)詞匯記憶情況的抽查Step3、Revision讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行總結(jié)上次課中重點(diǎn)語法知識(shí)的解題思路上次課中涉及到的重要詞組和用法進(jìn)行默寫Step4、LeadinStep5、Grammar（對(duì)于基礎(chǔ)好的學(xué)生，知識(shí)梳理可以不講，直接進(jìn)行考點(diǎn)剖析）知識(shí)梳理一、現(xiàn)在分詞：現(xiàn)在分詞既具有動(dòng)詞的一些特征，又具有形容詞和副詞的句法功能。1、現(xiàn)在分詞的形式：現(xiàn)在分詞及物動(dòng)詞write不及物動(dòng)詞go主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式writingbeingwrittengoing完成式havingwrittenhavingbeenwrittenhavinggone否定式：not+現(xiàn)在分詞1）現(xiàn)在分詞的主動(dòng)語態(tài)：現(xiàn)在分詞主動(dòng)語態(tài)的一般式表示與謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，完成式表示的動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，常作狀語。例如：Theywenttothepark,singingandtalking.他們邊唱邊說向公園走去。Havingdonehishomework,heplayedbasket-ball.做完作業(yè)，他開始打籃球。2）現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：一般式表示與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，完成式表示發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前的被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。Theproblembeingdiscussedisveryimportant.正在被討論的問題很重要。Havingbeentoldmanytimes：thenaughtyboymadethesamemistake.被告訴了好幾遍，這個(gè)淘氣的孩子又犯了同一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。2、現(xiàn)在分詞的句法功能：1）作定語：現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，當(dāng)分詞單獨(dú)做定語時(shí)，放在所修飾的名詞前，如果是分詞短語做定語放在名詞后。Inthefollowingyearsheworkedevenharder.在后來的幾年中，他學(xué)習(xí)更努力了。Themanspeakingtotheteacherisourmonitor'sfather.正與老師談話的那個(gè)人是我們班長的父親?，F(xiàn)在分詞作定語相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句的句法功能，如：inthefollowingyears也可用intheyearsthatfollowed：themanspeaking可改為themanwhoisspeaking.2）作表語：Thefilmbeingshowninthecinemaisexciting.正在這家上演的電影很棒。be+doing既可能表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，也可能是現(xiàn)在分詞做表語，它們的區(qū)別在于be+doing表示進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作是進(jìn)行時(shí)，而表示特征時(shí)是系動(dòng)詞be與現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。3）作賓語補(bǔ)足語：如下動(dòng)詞后可跟現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語：see：watch：hear：feel：find：get：keep：notice：observe：listento：lookat：leave：catch等。例如：Canyouhearhersingingthesonginthenextroom?你能聽見她在隔壁唱歌嗎？Hekeptthecarwaitingatthegate.他讓小汽車在門口等著。4）現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語：A）作時(shí)間狀語：（While）Workinginthefactory：hewasanadvancedworker.在工廠工作時(shí)，他是一名先進(jìn)工人。B）作原因狀語：BeingaLeaguemember：heisalwayshelpingothers.由于是共青團(tuán)員，他經(jīng)常幫助他人。C）作方式狀語，表示伴隨：Hestayedathome：cleaningandwashing.他呆在家里，又擦又洗。D）作條件狀語：（If）Playingallday：youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.要是整天玩，你就會(huì)浪費(fèi)寶貴的時(shí)間。E）作結(jié)果狀語：Hedroppedtheglass：breakingitintopieces.他把杯子掉了，結(jié)果摔得粉碎。F）作目的狀語：Hewentswimmingtheotherday.幾天前他去游泳了。G）作讓步狀語：Thoughrainingheavily：itclearedupverysoon.雖然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。★與邏輯主語構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格：Iwaitingforthebus：abirdfellonmyhead.我等汽車時(shí)，一只鳥落到我頭上。Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout：theywentawaydisappointedly.所有的票已經(jīng)賣光了，他們失望地離開了。有時(shí)也可用with（without）+名詞（代詞賓格）+分詞形式Withthelightsburning：hefellasleep.他點(diǎn)著燈睡著了。★作獨(dú)立成分：Judgingfrom（by）hisappearance：hemustbeanactor.從外表看，他一定是個(gè)演員。Generallyspeaking：girlsaremorecareful.—般說來，女孩子更纟田心。二、過去分詞：過去分詞的句法功能：1、作定語：OurclasswentonanorganizedtriplastMonday.上周一我們班開展了一次有組織的旅行。Thoseelectedascommitteememberswillattendthemeeting.當(dāng)選為委員的人將出席這次會(huì)。注意當(dāng)過去分詞是單詞時(shí)，一般用于名詞前，如果是過去分詞短語，就放在名詞的后面。過去分詞做定語相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定語從句。2、作表語：Thewindowisbroken.窗戶破了。Theywerefrightenedatthesadsight.他們對(duì)眼前悲慘的景象感到很害怕。注意be+過去分詞，如果表示狀態(tài)是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，如果表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作是被動(dòng)語態(tài)。區(qū)別：Thewindowisbroken.（系表）Thewindowwasbrokenbytheboy.（被動(dòng)）有些過去分詞是不及物動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的，不表示被動(dòng)，只表示完成。如：boiledwater（開水）fallenleaves（落葉）newlyarrivedgoods（新到的貨）therisensun（升起的太陽）thechangedworld（變了的世界）這類過去分詞有：gone,come,fallen,risen,changed,arrived,returned,passed等。3、作賓語補(bǔ)足語：Iheardthesongsungseveraltimeslastweek.上周我聽見這首歌被唱了好幾次。有時(shí)過去分詞做with短語中的賓語補(bǔ)足語：Withtheworkdone,theywentouttoplay.工作做完了，他們出去玩去了。4、作狀語：Praisedbytheneighbours,hebecametheprideofhisparents.受到鄰居們的表揚(yáng)，他成為父母的驕傲。（表示原因）Onceseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.一旦它被看見，人們就忘不了。（表示時(shí)間）Givenmoretime,I'llbeabletodoitbetter.如果給予更多的時(shí)間，我能做得更好。（表示條件）Thoughtoldofthedanger,hestillriskedhislifetosavetheboy.雖然被告之危險(xiǎn)，他仍然冒生命危險(xiǎn)去救那個(gè)孩子。（表示讓步）★過去分詞與邏輯主語構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格：Allbooksreturnedattheendoftheterm,thelibraryassistantwassatisfied.所有的書期末時(shí)都還了，圖書管理員很高興。Thefieldploughed,hebegantospreadseed.地耕好了，他開始撒種子。考點(diǎn)剖析分詞的時(shí)態(tài)：分詞一般式表示的動(dòng)作和謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；或一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生后，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作緊接著發(fā)生。分詞的一般式常在書面語中用作背景的描寫。例如：Walkingdownthestreet,IranintoLily.Hearingthenews,Ijumpedwithjoy.Switchingoffthelights,Iturnedoverandburiedmyheadinthepillow.Livinginthecountry,wehadfewsocialengagements.分詞完成式表示的動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生。Havingnoteddownournamesandaddresses,thepolicemandismissedus.Havingpassedmydrivingtest,Iwasabletobuymyfirstcar.Iwasabletobuymyfirstcar,havingpassedmydrivingtest.分詞一般式和完成式均可表示已完成的動(dòng)作，但在說話人心中，用一般式把2個(gè)動(dòng)作看做是幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，用完成式則強(qiáng)調(diào)2個(gè)動(dòng)作的先后。例如：Lookingatthedoor,shewentout.Havingstudiedintheuniversityforthreeyears,heknowstheplaceverywell.2.2.分詞的語態(tài):分詞一般式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中。例如:Thehousebeingbuiltwillbeourofficebuilding.Beingsurrounded,therebeltroopswereforcedtosurrender.分詞完成式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)先于謂語動(dòng)詞。例如：Havingbeencriticizedbytheteacher,LiMinggaveupsmoking.Nothavingbeeninvited,hefeltveryunhappy.過去分詞也表示被動(dòng)，但沒有強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作先后的含義。例如:Theconcertgivenbythesymphonyorchestrawasagreatsuccess.Theyareproblemsleftoverbyhistory.Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksmagnificent.3現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞用法功能的區(qū)別1）現(xiàn)在分詞作前置定語表示正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作。例如：therisingsun=thesunthatisrising正在升起的太陽注意下列短語：asleepingchild熟睡的孩子boilingwater沸水a(chǎn)fallingstar流行awaitingcrowd等待的人群increasingdemand日益增長的需求lastingpeace永久的和平表示主動(dòng)但不正在進(jìn)行。例如：Heisapromisingstudent.他是一個(gè)有前途的學(xué)生。注意下列短語：remainingdays乘0下的歲月atiringday勞累的一天anembarrassingposition窘境guidingprinciple扌旨導(dǎo)原貝Vneighboringcountry令8國awalkingdictionary活字典2）過去分詞作前置定語①表示被動(dòng)，且又是有已完成的含義。例如：Therisensun=thesunthathasjustrisen初生的太陽Idon'tliketoeatfriedeggs.我不喜歡吃煎蛋。注意下列短語：Boiledwater開（過的）水requiredcourses必修課Furnishedroom有家具的房間awrittenreport書面報(bào)告表示主動(dòng)，且有完成的含義（僅限于某些不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語）。例如:Wherearetheescapedprisoners?那些逃犯在哪里？注意下列短語：departedfriends離去的朋友a(bǔ)narrivedvisitor一位來客fallenleaves落葉anescapedprisoner一個(gè)逃犯returnedstudents歸國留學(xué)生fadedflowers凋謝的花retiredworkers退休工人asunkenship一艘沉船過去分詞用在表示情緒的詞語中。例如：Hegaveasatisfiedsmile.他給了個(gè)滿意的微笑注意下列短語：afrightenedglance驚恐的掃視aworriedlook愁容anexcitedscream激動(dòng)的尖叫聲theintendedeffect預(yù)期的效果hisembarrassedmanner他尷尬的舉止apuzzled/anembarrassedexpression困惑的/尷尬的表情但是：relaxed/relaxingenvironment放松的環(huán)境活學(xué)活用：1.Don'tusewords，expressions，orphrasesonlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known2.ThefirsttextbooksforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written3.Mr.Smith，ofthespeech，startedtoreadanovel.A.tired；boringB.tiring；boredC.tired；boredD.tiring；boring4.TheOlympicGames，in776B.C.，didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplayingKeys：ABAC二分詞作表語1）現(xiàn)在分詞作表語表示主語的性質(zhì)或特征，?？捎胿ery修飾；過去分詞作表語表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。例如：Thenewsisveryinspiring.Youshouldn'ttrytostandupifyouarebadlyhurt.2）下列表示變成、保持、感覺等意義的動(dòng)詞有系動(dòng)詞的特征，可與某些現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞構(gòu)成主系表結(jié)構(gòu):Appear,become,come,feel,go,grow,go,lie,look,remain,rest,stay,sit,stand接現(xiàn)在分詞：comerunning/hurryingingetgoing/chatting/movinglooktempting/promisingremainstanding/listeningliedyingsitwaitingstandlooking接過去分詞：appeardisappointed/amazed/touchedbecomeannoyed/interested/acquaintedcomeuntied/undone/unwrapped/unfastened/unstitchedfeeltroubled/distressed/puzzled/upset/exhaustedgounnoticed/unpunished/uncorrected/undetected/unrecordedgrowused/excited/frightenedlook/seemstartled/concerned/troubledremainunfinished/unconvinced/unsolvedgetabsorbed/caughtliewoundedstayseated/unarmedrestassured活學(xué)活用：Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremainastheplanewasmakingalanding.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating-I'mverywithmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.-Mm.Itdoeshaveasmell.A.pleasant;pleasedB.pleased;pleasedC.pleasant;pleasantD.pleased;pleasantKeys：CD三)分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語接分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的有以下2類動(dòng)詞第一類包括feel,hear,listento,see,watch,lookat,notice,observe等感官動(dòng)詞。例如：Wesawtheteachermakingtheexperiment.說明：在以上感官動(dòng)詞后，既可用現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語，也可用不帶to的不定式構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語，但兩者的含義是有差別的。Feel/hear/listento/watchrrdoing主語+*，+賓語+-卜somethingSee/lookat/notice/observedo用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生(即處于發(fā)生的過程中，還沒有結(jié)束，或是一個(gè)反復(fù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作)。Isawthegirlcrossingthestreet.我看到那女孩在橫穿馬路。Isawtheyoungmotherslappingherchild.我看到那個(gè)年輕的母親反復(fù)打她的孩子。用不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語描述某個(gè)單一的動(dòng)作，或表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生了(即全過程結(jié)束了)例如：Wesawayoungmotherslapherchildinthesupermarket我們看到那個(gè)年輕的母親在超市打了一下他的孩子。Isawthegirlcrossthestreetandrunaway.我看到那個(gè)女孩穿過馬路跑了。第二類包括discover,find,smell,catch,get,have,keep,leave,send,set,start等表示發(fā)現(xiàn)、聞到、致使的動(dòng)詞。例如:IdiscoveredMr.Jacksittingnearthefires,readingabook.Thevictorysentourspiritsrising.接過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的有以下3類動(dòng)詞：第一類包括see,hear,watch,find,feel,consider等表示感官和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。例如：Wefoundhergreatlychanged.Iconsideredthisproblemsettled.第二類包括get,have,keep,leave,make,等表示使役、致使的動(dòng)詞。例如：Itrytomakemyselfunderstood.Pleasekeepmeinformedofthelatestdevelopments.Shewillgetthefencemended.第三類包括declare,like,need,order,want,wish等表示要求、希望、命令的動(dòng)詞。例如：Hedeclaredthe2008BeijingOlympicGamesclosed.Ishouldlikethematter(tobe)settledimmediately.Thecommanderorderedthearmyunit(tobe)reorganized.Idon'twantanyofyou(tobe)involvedinthescandal.Doyouwishyourbreakfast(tobe)broughttoyourroom?活學(xué)活用:Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.Youhavehaditoftenenough.A.explainingB.toexplainC.explainDexplainedWhenIopenedthedoor，IfoundthegroundbyfallenleavesA.coveredB.tobecoveredC.coveringD.havingbeencoveredKeys:DA四)分詞作狀語分詞作狀語，表示原因、時(shí)間、條件時(shí)一般放在句首，如作為方式狀語或伴隨狀態(tài)時(shí)，放在句首句尾均可。Readingtheletter,shecouldn'thelpcrying.此句分詞作原因狀語；Shesatatthetable,readingaletter.分詞作狀語時(shí)，分詞的邏輯主語必須與句子的主語一致。Filledwithexcitement,thisismorethananovelabo原因)ratsea.(Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thuscausing果hedelay.(United,westand,divided,w條件］l.(Exercisingeverymorning,youwillimproveyou條件alth.(活學(xué)活用：theoffice,theforeignvisitorswereshownroundtheteachingbuilding.A.HavingshownB.ShowingC.HasshownD.HavingbeenshownHewentfromdoortodoor,wastepapersandmagazines.A.gatheringB.gatheredC.gatherD.beinggatheredThestudentcorrectedhispapercarefully,theprofessor'ssuggestions.A.followB.followingC.followedD.beingfollowedKeys:DABStep6:ConsolidationexerciseSectionA.基礎(chǔ)題：1.Thescientistswerewaitingtoseetheproblem.A.settleB.settledC.tosettleD.settling2.Thelibrary'sstudyroomisfullofstudentsfortheexam.A.busilyprepareBLbusypreparing,busilypreparearebusilypreparingThegroundiswithleaves.A.covering,fallingcovered,fallingcovered,fallDncovering,fallenLessonseasilyweresoonforgotten.A.tolearnB.learnC.learnedD.learningThewalletseveraldaysagowasfoundinthedustbinoutsidethebuildingA.stolen,hiddenstealing,hidingstealing,hidden,stolen,hidingAfterafewroundsoftalks,bothsidesregardedtheproblem.A.beingsettledB.tobesettledC.hadsettledD.assettledThestudentsintheuniversityarealltakingcoursesadegree.A.comingtoB.goingtoC.leadingtoD.turningtoManythingsimpossibleinthepastareverycommontoday.A.considerB.consideringC.consideredD.beconsideredmanytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstand.A.HavingbeentolB.HavingtoldC.HehavingbeentoldD.Telling

Theoldsickladyenteredthehospital,hertwosons.tosupportB.supportingC.supportedbyD.havingsupportedChinaisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld,9.6millionsquarekilometres.tocoverB.coveredC.coversD.coveringThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.added“Canyouread?"Marysaidtothenotice.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointingthecomposition,Johnhandedittotheteacherandwentoutoftheroom.WritingB.HavingwrittenC.WrittenD.BeingwrittenProperlywithnumbers,thebookscanbeeasilyfound.markedB.markC.tomarkD.markingAtthismomentthebellrang,theendofclass.announceB.announcingC.announcedD.toannounceThecarsinBeijingareasgoodasthoseinShanghai.A.produce,produceB.produced,producedC.produced,producingD.producing,producingasatisfactoryoperation,thepatientrecoveredfromillnessveryquickly.A.HavingbeengivenB.HavinggivenC.GivingD.BeinggivenHereadsnewspaperseverydaytokeephimselfaboutwhat'sgoingonintheworld.A.informB.informingC.informedD.beinginformedThesaleusuallytakesplaceoutsidethehouse,withtheaudienceonbenches,chairsorboxes.A.havingseatedB.seatingC.havingbeenseatedD.seatedKeys:1.BBCCA6.DCCAC11.DCABA16.BBACDSectionB.提高題:Onamorningthelittlematchgirlwasfoundatthecornerofthestreet.A.freezing;freezingB.freezing;frozenC.frozen;frozenD.frozen;freezingJackwasalazyboy,Ioftencaughthiminclass.D.sleepD.wonderD.confusingD.talkingD.sleepD.wonderD.confusingD.talkingD.todisobeyD.gone;helpingHiswordsleftmewhathewasdrivingat.A.towonderB.wonderingC.wonderedYourexplanationleftmeevenmore.A.toconfuseB.confuseC.confusedIwon'thaveyoutoyourmotherlikethat.A.totalkB.totalkingC.talkedIwon'thavemyinstructioninthisway.A.disobeyB.disobeyingC.disobeyedWecan'tgetthecar.Weneedsomeoneus.A.togo;tohelpBgoing;tohelpC.going;helpingHesatherthechair.A.towatch;toclimbB.watching;toclimbC.watching;climbD.watching;toclimbingHemanagedtomakehimselfwithhisEnglish.A.understand;breakingB.understand;brokenC.understood;breakingD.understood;broken

Iwillkeepyouofhowourbusinessisgoingon.A.informB.informingC.toinformI‘mpleasetoseetheproblemIwillkeepyouofhowourbusinessisgoingon.A.informB.informingC.toinformI‘mpleasetoseetheproblemsoquickly.A.settledB.havingbeensettledC.besettledTheladyanexperiencediamondnecklacelooked.A.with;worryingB.wore;worriedC.worn;worryingverysmall,computersarewidelyused.A.TobeB.HavingbeenC.Forbeinginthefog,wewereforcedtospendtwohoursinthehouse.A.ToloseB.LosingC.LostD.HavinglostShehadsaidlittlesofar,respondingonlywhen.A.speakingB.spokentoC.spokenD.speakingtoTheideaforthenewmachinecametoMr.Bakertohisinvention.A.whilehewasdevotedB.whiledevotingC.whiledevotinghimselfD.whiledevotedWithexams,it'sagoodideatoreviewyourclassnotes.A.approachingB.approachedC.approach,thenewmedicineisnowinmassproduction.A.WiththesolvedproblemB.WiththisproblembeingsolvedC.WiththeproblemsolvedD.WiththisproblemtosolveD.informedD.settleD.wearing;worriedD.BeingD.tobeapproachKeys:1.BABCD6.CBCDD11.ADDCB16.AACSectionC.翻譯題1心中充滿了希望與恐懼，他走進(jìn)山洞。如果時(shí)間允許，我們將做另兩個(gè)練習(xí)。當(dāng)前的形勢鼓舞人心。4?他把杯子掉了，結(jié)果摔得粉碎。5.雖然受傷了，這個(gè)勇敢的士兵仍然繼續(xù)戰(zhàn)斗。Keys:Filledwithhopesandfears,heenteredthecave.Timepermitting,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.Thepresentsituationisinspiring.Hedroppedtheglass,breakingitintopieces.Thoughwounded,thebravesoldiercontinuedtofightStep7:SummaryandProblem-solvingWhathaveyoulearnedfromthisperiod?Whatproblemsorquestionsdoyouwanttobesolvednextperiod?Step8:Homework復(fù)習(xí)本次課上所講的重要考點(diǎn)，整理筆記完成課后練習(xí)SectionA.Theboywenttotheball,_likeaprettygirl.A.dressingB.wearingC.woreD.dressed_inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.HavingdressedThefilmwasmade_onatrueoldstory.A.baseB.tobebasedC.basedD.basingWhen_,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted_tohisresearch,healmostforgoteverything.A.DevotingB.DevotedC.TodevoteD.Devote_hisattentiononhisnovel,hedidn'tnoticetheteachercoming.A.FixedB.FixingC.FixD.Tofix_onhisnovel,hedidn'tnoticetheteachercoming.A.FixedB.FixingC.FixD.TofixTheoldengineertalkedofthedifficultythey_thetower.A.builtB.hadbuildingC.hadbuiltD.build_suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered_thepast,ourlifeisbecomingmuchbetter.A.ComparingwithB.BecomparedwithC.TocomparewithD.ComparedwithTheboywaslastseen_neartheEastLake.A.playingB.playC.playedD.toplayTomwasveryunhappyfor_totheparty.A.havingnotbeeninvitedB.nothavinginvitedC.havingnotinvitedD.nothavingbeeninvitedWhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor_“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater."A.readB.readsC.readingD.toreadWewenttoseehimyesterdayevening,_himaway.A.findingB.findC.onlytofindD.found_ofplastics,themachinesareeasytocarry.A.TomakeB.HavingmadeC.BeingmadeD.MadeKeys:1-5DACAB6-10BABAD11-15ADCCDSectionB.ReadingANewruleswillletmillionsofAmericansknowwheremoreoftheirfoodcomesfrom.ThelawisknownasCOOL一CountryofOriginLabeling.AmericanCongressfirstpassedthelawin2002.Storeshavehadtolabelseafoodbycountryoforiginsince2005.Butindustrypressuredelayedotherrequirementsuntillastweek.Productsthatmustnowbelabeledincludefreshfruitsandvegetables,musclemeatsandsomekindsofnuts.Buttherulesarecomplex,andmanyfoodsareexcluded.Forexample,organmeatsarefreetobelabeled.Soareprocessedfoods,includingcookedorsmokedfbod.TheUnitedStateshasimportedmoreandmorefoodinrecentyearstosavemoneyandexpandchoices.Country-of-originlabelinghasbecomemorecommonlatelybuthasstillbeenlimitedinmanystores.Foodsafetyisonereasonwhysomeshopperspaycloseattentiontowherefoodscamefrom.Forexample,whenalargenumberofpeoplerecentlygotsickfromsalmonella（沙門菌?。?，officialsblamedpeppersfromMexico.Yetthelastbigfoodscareinvolvedspinach（菠菜）growninCalifornia.Butlabelingisalsoawayforpeopletoknowtheyaregettingwhattheywant.Somewanttobuylocalfoodsorfoodsfromaparticularcountry.Thecountry-otoriginlabelinglawgivesstores30daystocorrectanyviolationsthatarefound.Storesandsuppliersthatarefoundtobedeliberatelyviolatingthelawcouldbefined1000dollarsperviolation.Federalinspectorsarenottotakeactiontoenforcethelawforsixmonthstogivetimeforaneducationcampaign.Somefoodsafetyactivistssaytheyaregenerallypleasedwiththelaw.Theycallitagoodstepthatwillgivepeoplemoreusefulinformation.What'stheregulationinthenewrules?Storeshavetolabelfoodbyitsproducingdatefromnowon.Thecountry-of-originlabelinghastobemarkedonmorefood.Storeshavetolabelseafoodbycountryoforigin.Labelingoffoodshouldincludemoreusefulinformation.WhyhasmoreandmorefoodbeenimportedtotheUnitedStatesinrecentyears?Becauseitiseconomicalandprovidespeoplewithmorechoices.BecausetheUnitedStatesisshortoffoodsupply.BecauseAmericansneedmoreandmorefoodrecently.Becauseforeignfoodisofhigherqualitythannativefood.Consumersaremoreconcernedaboutwherefoodscamefrombecause.theyarecuriousaboutthecountryofthefoodorigintheyareparticularaboutthetastesofthefoodtheyareconcernedaboutfoodsafetyandwanttogetwhattheywantmostoftheshoppersarefoodsafetyactiviststhemselvesThenewrulesofthecountry-of-originlabelinglawwillcomeintoeffect.A.rightnowB.inamonthC.inthreemonthsD.inhalfayearWhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?MostAmericanspreferimportedvegetablestothevegetablesgrowninlocalplaces.ThegovernmentofAmericawillforbidimportingpeppersfromMexico.Thelawwasnotfullycarriedoutuntillastweekbecauseoffoodindustry'sresistance.Storeownersaremostlikelytobethesupportersofthelaw.答案：51-55BACDBBInthepast,youngpeopleinJapanwereexpectedtotakeonresponsibilitiestosupporttheirparentsandgrandparents.Nowtheyexpecttobesupportedwellintoyoungadulthood.The“newbreed",bornsincethe1960s,haveneverknownanythingbutrichness.Youthareseenasresistanttoenteringsocietyasmatureadults,tobecomingsocialcitizens.OncethegreatobjectiveofreconstructionaftertheSecondWorldWarwasaccomplished,anewgenerationlostthemotivatingpowerthathadunitedthenationtogether.Japan'sbirt