Unit+3+Grammar+and+usage+課件【知識(shí)精講+備課精研】高中英語(yǔ)牛津譯林版必修第三冊(cè)

Unit3

The

world

onlineGrammar&UsageVerb-ingformsasattributives,adverbialsandobjectcomplementsII.V-ing形式作定語(yǔ)

III.V-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)IV.V-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)①單個(gè)動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)②動(dòng)詞-ing短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ),與被修飾的詞有邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。①時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)②原因狀語(yǔ)③條件狀語(yǔ)④結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)⑤方式、伴隨狀語(yǔ)①表感覺和心理狀態(tài)的感官動(dòng)詞see/hear/feel/smell…+sb+doingsth.②使役動(dòng)詞“使，讓”/3.特殊動(dòng)詞/4.withhave/let/keep…+sb/sth+doingsth.I.V-ing形式作表語(yǔ)

V-ingform:Dancingonthestageismysister.Seeingisbelieving.Thegirlplayingtheviolinismydaughter.Ilikesittingonthesofaandeatingsnacks.Seeingthegirl,hisfaceturnsred.Isawamanwalkingontheroof.subjectsubjectpredictiveattributiveobjectadverbialobjectcomplementAnnaisreadinganarticleaboutawebsite.ReadthewebsitearticleonP34andanswerthefollowingquestion.Readandanswer1.WhydidFionaLinsetupthewebsiteJustDance?

Becauseshewantedtointroducemorepeopletpdancesinceshehadrealized

that

dance

hadaverypositiveeffectonherdaughter.2.WhatisFionaLin’sfutureplan?Shehopestoattractmoreusersthroughotherformsofnewmedia,forexample,throughanapp.1.JustDanceisawebsitebelongingtoalldancelovers.2.FionaLin,theladyrunningthewebsite,hadtheideaaftershewatchedherdaughterdancingtwoyearsago.3.Shealwaysfounddancerelaxingafteralongdayatschool.4.Takingadvantageofthesite’sgreatstart,Fionadecidedtoaddmorecontent.5.Thewebsitewelcomesinspiringstoriesfromdanceloversabouthowtheystarteddancingandhowdancechangedtheirlife.6.Havingachievedsuchsuccess,Fionahopestoattractmoreusersthroughnewmedia.ExploringtherulesReadthearticleaboutawebsitefordancelovers.Findthesentenceswiththeverb-ingforms.AattributiveattributiveOCOCadverbialattributiveadverbialPleasecompletethetableinpartA.Verb-ingformsasattributivesVerb-ingformsasadverbialsVerb-ingformsasobjectcomplements

awebsitebelongingtoalldancelovers

Takingadvantageofthesite’sgreatstartshewatchedherdaughterdancingtheladyrunningthewebsiteinspiringstories

HavingachievedsuchsuccessShealwaysfounddancerelaxing.WorkingouttherulesTheverb-ingformcanbeusedlikeanadjectiveoradverb,indicatinga(n)(1)

(active/passive)meaning.Whentheverb-ingformisusedasanattributive,itoftencomes(2)

(before/after)thenoun,buttheverb-ingphraseusedasanattributiveisusuallyput(3)

(before/after)thenoun.Whenusedasanadverbial,theverb-ingformcanexpresstime,reason,resultorcondition.Theverb-ingformcanalsobeusedasanobjectcomplement.activebeforeafterApplyingtherules1.IsawthatJesswasdoingresearchonlineinthecomputerroom.Isaw_________________________inthecomputerroom.2.Anybodywhogoesonlineshouldbecarefulabouttheirpersonalinformation.___________________shouldbecarefulabouttheirpersonalinformation.3.Whenheheardthenews,hejumpedforjoy._______________,hejumpedforjoy.4.AfterIsearchedtheInternetforinformation,Istartedwritingmyarticle.

________________________________________,Istartedwritingmyarticle.JessdoingresearchonlineAnybodygoingonlineB1Rewritethesentencesusingtheverb-ingformsinPartB1onPage35HearingthenewsHavingsearchedtheInternetforinformation1.IsawthatJesswasdoingresearchonlineinthecomputerroom.Isaw_________________________inthecomputerroom.2.Anybodywhogoesonlineshouldbecarefulabouttheirpersonalinformation.___________________shouldbecarefulabouttheirpersonalinformation.3.Whenheheardthenews,hejumpedforjoy._______________,hejumpedforjoy.4.AfterIsearchedtheInternetforinformation,Istartedwritingmyarticle.

________________________________________,Istartedwritingmyarticle.JessdoingresearchonlineAnybodygoingonlineCanyoufigureoutthefunctionsoftheverb-ingformsinthemissingpartsHearingthenewsHavingsearchedtheInternetforinformationOCattributiveadverbialadverbialB2

amazecuthaverunusethinkAnna:Jen,Iloveyournewhaircut.Itlooksgreat!Jen:Thanks!Ichoseitonline.Iwasalwaysworriedabout

pickingawrongstyle.Thatgotme(1)

__________-

whatifsomeonecouldchooseitfor

me?Anna:Whatdoyoumean?Jen:Ifoundthis(2)

________app.Ifyouuploadaphoto

ofyourface,it'llrecommend

afewhaircutstoyou.Anna:Soundssuper,butwhatifIdon'tlikethe

recommendedhaircuts?Jen:

Inthatcase,youcanchoosedifferentstylesfrom

hundredsofhairstylesandtrythemout.Youcanalso

sharepicturesofyourchosenhaircutsonsocial

mediaandletyourfriendschooseoneforyou!Anna:Cool!Whatdidtheperson(3)

________yourhair

thinkabouttheapp?Jen:Shesaiditwouldmakeherjobeasier.(4)

_________

appslikethis,peoplearemorelikelytofind

satisfactoryhaircuts.Anna:Iagree.(5)

___________afewbadhaircutsmyself,

I'malwaysalittlenervousabouthavinganew

haircut.I'lldownloaditandgetit(6)

___________.thinkingamazingcuttingUsingHavinghadrunningobjectcomplementattributiveattributiveadverbialobjectcomplementadverbial1.Itrainedheavilyforseveraldays,________(cause)severefloodsinthecountry.2.SuddenlyMikesawahugehorse_________(run)towardshimandwasfrightenedtoscream.3.Theissue_______________(talkabout)intheirfamilynowisveryimportanttothem.4.Marywrotealettertoherparents,_____________(say)shemissedthemandwasstudyinghard.5.Thesalesmanscoldedthegirlcaught___________(steal)andletheroff.causingrunningbeingtalkedaboutsayingFillintheblankswithproperverb-ingforms.Consolidationstealingobjectcomplementobjectcomplementattributiveadverbialattributive6.Theyfoundadyingoldwoman______(lie)onthegroundwhenthedoorwasbrokenopen.7.__________________(notreceive)areply,hedecidedtosendthemanotheremail.8.Afterhewaselectedpresidentofthecompany,hemadean_____________(inspire)speech.9.______________(work)asavolunteerteacherinTibetforayear,Lindabecomesmoreexperienced.10.Therearesomanytroublesomeproblems____________(remain)tobesolved.lyingNothavingreceivedinspiringConsolidationHavingworkedremainingadverbialadverbialattributiveattributiveobjectcomplementGothrough“Grammarnotes”fromP99~100.I.V-ing形式作定語(yǔ)

II.V-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)III.V-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)I.V-ing形式作定語(yǔ)

①單個(gè)動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)②動(dòng)詞-ing短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ),與被修飾的詞有邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。單個(gè)動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作定語(yǔ)，位于被修飾名詞前。

-ing形式短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí),

放在所修飾名詞之后,

并且相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。therunningwaterthebuildingmaterialsawalkingstickTheboyswimminginthelakeseemsquiteathletic.Thecustomersittingatthetableisveryupset.

=Thecustomerwhoissittingatthetableisveryupset.單個(gè)動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作定語(yǔ)，位于被修飾名詞的前面。

-ing形式短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí),

放在所修飾名詞之后,

并且相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。有些動(dòng)詞-ing形式已轉(zhuǎn)化成形容詞，表示“令人……的”。常見如下：

boring,interesting,tiring,exciting,amazing,astonishing,shocking,puzzling,touching,moving,confusing,disappointing,discouraging,pleasing,striking,terrifying,frightening,satisfying...1._________(bark)dogsseldombite.2.Thewolfyelledina____________voiceandLilyfelt____________.(frighten)3.It’spleasuretowatchthefaceofa________(sleep)baby.4.The_________(shake)buildingsshowedusthatanearthquakewascoming.5.Hewas____________bythe____________performance.(astonish)Barking

frighteningfrightenedsleepingshakingastonishingastonished練習(xí)：將下列句子用適當(dāng)形式補(bǔ)充完整①Theyarelivinginahousefacingthelake.②Theteachersworkinginthisuniversitycanapplyforanapartmentforfree.

③Theappletree,swayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.

練習(xí)：將下列句子改為含有定語(yǔ)從句的形式=Theyarelivinginahouse

thatfacesthelake.=Theteacherswho/thatareworkinginthisuniversitycanapplyforanapartmentforfree.=Theappletree,whichwasswayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.II.V-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)①時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)②原因狀語(yǔ)③條件狀語(yǔ)④結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)⑤讓步、方式、伴隨狀語(yǔ)可轉(zhuǎn)化成相對(duì)應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句或在V-ing前面加相應(yīng)連詞主要用法注意時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)否定式獨(dú)立主格評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)ing形式作狀語(yǔ)往往和邏輯主語(yǔ)之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系，常常用來(lái)表示原因，時(shí)間，方式，結(jié)果，條件，伴隨狀況等。ing形式一般不作目的狀語(yǔ)（通常用________作目的狀語(yǔ)）。V-ingusedasadverbial（狀語(yǔ)）todo1.Standing

bythewindow,Isawabeautifulflower.2.Beingpoor,shecouldn'taffordit.3.Hesatinthesofareadingabook.4.Using

thenewtool,youwillfinishthetaskquickly.5.Hisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff6.Studyinghard,hedidn'tpasstheexam.7.Heearnsalivingdrivingataxi.動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨狀況等，其作用相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從句或并列句。時(shí)間原因結(jié)果伴隨條件讓步方式想一想，怎么變？1.Standing

bythewindow,Isawabeautifulflower.2.Beingpoor,shecouldn'taffordit.3.Hesatinthesofareadingabook.4.Using

thenewtool,youwillfinishthetaskquickly.5.Hisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff.6.Studyinghard,hedidn'tpasstheexam.7.Heearnsalivingdrivingataxi.動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨狀況等，其作用相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從句或并列句。時(shí)間原因結(jié)果伴隨條件讓步方式想一想，怎么變？WhenIstoodBecauseshewaspoorandreadIfyouuseandleftThoughhestudiedhardbydriving1.Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.)2.Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.(=Ashewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.)3.Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=If

you

useyourhead,youwillfindaway.)4.Walkingahead,youwillseeawhitehouse.(=Ifyouwalkahead,youwillseeawhitehouse.)練習(xí)：將下列句子改為含有狀語(yǔ)從句的形式要注意各種形式變化：主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式

動(dòng)詞-ing作狀語(yǔ)一般式完成式V-ingbeingV-edhavingV-edhavingbeenV-ed聽到鈴聲，學(xué)生們開始走進(jìn)教室。

Hearingthebell,thestudentsbegantoentertheclassroom.

聽見和進(jìn)入兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)相繼發(fā)生正在建造的大樓是我們的新圖書館。Thebuildingbeingbuiltnow

isournewlibrary.

beingbuilt為現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)形式，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行之中。完成了工作，他就回家了。Havingdonethework,hewenthome.一般式完成式V.-inghavingV.-ed否定式

not+V.-ingnot

having+V.-ed

動(dòng)詞-ing形式的否定式1.____________(know)thetimeofthemeeting,hedidn’tcome.________________(make)fullpreparations,weputoffthesportsmeeting.3.____________(know)hisnewaddress,I

couldn'tgotoseehimyesterday.NotknowingNothavingmadeNotknowing1.Foramoment,Ihesitated,not________(want)totellherthetruth.2._________(use)asameansoftrafficinChina,thebikeisveryusefulandconvenient.3.Theamusementpark____________(build)

overtherenowisanewthemepark.4.Thesong________(sing)alloverthecountry,_______(make)itthemostpopularsong.5.Weareallnervousaboutthe_______(come)exams.6.____________________(notinvite)totheparty,Lucywasupset.wantingUsedbeing

builtmaking練習(xí)：將下列句子用適當(dāng)形式補(bǔ)充完整comingissungNothavingbeeninvited獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)詞ing形式作狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)它也可以有自己的獨(dú)立主語(yǔ)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，通常用來(lái)表示伴隨的動(dòng)作或情況，也可以表示時(shí)間，原因或條件。那些樹非常高，其中一些測(cè)量為90多米。Thetreesareextremelytall,some

over90meters.由于天氣好，我們?nèi)ド⒉搅?。Theweather

,wewentoutforawalk.beingfinemeasuring一般來(lái)說從……判斷從全盤考慮e.g.從他的行為來(lái)判斷，他一定是瘋了。動(dòng)詞-ing形式作評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)有些動(dòng)詞-ing形式在句中沒有邏輯主語(yǔ)，它們往往作為句子的評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾整個(gè)句子，表明說話者的態(tài)度，觀點(diǎn)等。generallyspeakingjudgingby/from...takingeverythingintoconsiderationJudgingfromhisbehaviour,hemustbemad.①表感覺和心理狀態(tài)的感官動(dòng)詞see/hear/feel/smell…+sb+doingsth.②使役動(dòng)詞“使，讓”have/let/keep…+sb/sth+doingsth.III.V-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)(1)表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的感官動(dòng)詞，常見的有see，hear，feel，smell，find，notice，observe，lookat，listento等。我感覺到有人拍了一下我的肩膀。Ifeltsomebodypattingmeontheshoulder.你能聞到燒焦的味道嗎？Canyousmellanythingburning?我沒有注意到他正在大門口等著。Ididn’tnoticehimwaitingatthegate.V-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)(2)使役動(dòng)詞，“使，讓”，have/let/keep…+sb/sth+doingsth.常見的還有set,get,catch,leave等。我不愿意讓你一直做那件事。Iwon’thaveyoudoingthat.對(duì)不起，讓你一直等了那么久。I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.我不能讓鐘表再運(yùn)行了。Ican’tgettheclockgoingagain.V-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)①Hewaslastseen

(read)inthelibrary.②WhenIenteredtheclassroom,Isawhim

(try)toopenthelocker.③Theykeptuswaitingforthreehours.(變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))→We

forthreehours.④Wesawhimputonhiscoatandwalkout.(變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))→He

hiscoatandwalkout.readingtryingwerekeptwaitingwasseentoputon練習(xí)：將下列句子用適當(dāng)形式補(bǔ)充完整鏈接高考：語(yǔ)法填空1.Thestudentswhoarecaught________(cheat)intheexamwillbepunished.2.Theteacherwentawayangrily,leavingthestudent_________(stand)outside.3.Whenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds___________(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.4.With________(shine)darkeyes,heseemslike

thekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublic

speaking.5.Icouldfeelthewind_________(blow)on

myfacefromanopenwindow.cheatingstandingsurroundingshiningblowingApplyingtherulesB11.IsawthatJesswasdoingresearchonlineinthecomputerroom.Isaw_______________________inthecomputerroom.2.Anybodywhogoesonlineshouldbecarefulabouttheirpersonalinformation.____________________shouldbecarefulabouttheirpersonalinformation.3.Whenheheardthenews,hejumpedforjoy._________________,hejumpedforjoy.4.AfterIsearchedtheInternetforinformation,Istartedwritingmyarticle._______________________________________,Istartedwritingmyarticle.JessdoingresearchonlineAnybodygoingonlineHearingthenewsHavingsearchedtheInternetforinformationB2

amazecuthaverunusethinkAnna:Jen,Iloveyournewhaircut.Itlooksgreat!Jen:Thanks!Ichoseitonline.Iwasalwaysworriedabout

pickingawrongstyle.Thatgotme(1