高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句三問及短文填空專練

定語(yǔ)從句三問及短文填空一問：定語(yǔ)從句是什么？IamreadingthebookwhichIboughtyesterday.Iamreadingthebook,whichIboughtyesterday.thebook被稱為“先行詞”，即定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的對(duì)象。which被稱為“關(guān)系詞”，是定語(yǔ)從句的標(biāo)志，代“先行詞”，在定語(yǔ)從句擔(dān)當(dāng)不同的句子成分。句子中間的“，”有沒有，很重要；沒有“，”，定語(yǔ)從句為“限制性定語(yǔ)從句”,關(guān)系代詞可有條件地省略；有“，”，定語(yǔ)從句為“非限制性定語(yǔ)從句”,關(guān)系代詞不用“that”;關(guān)系詞不能省略。定語(yǔ)從句就是一個(gè)在句首放上關(guān)系詞為標(biāo)識(shí)的句子，相當(dāng)于形容詞，修飾限制主句中的名詞或代詞，或一部分，或全部（也就是先行詞），通常先于先行詞，被譯為“……的”。如上句，可被譯為我正在閱讀我昨天買的那本書。二問：關(guān)系詞總共幾個(gè)？9個(gè)關(guān)系詞（9個(gè)）關(guān)系代詞5代人who，whom代人和物that代物which,as關(guān)系副詞3when,where,why關(guān)系形容詞1代人（的）和物（的）whose(+名詞)=ofwhom/which三問：如何選擇引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞？示例如下Ihavewatchedthemovie.1.Ilikethemovie.2.Themovieismyfavorite.3.Themovie’heroismyfan.4.Iplayaroleinthemovie.5.Thiswastedmytime.6.Iexpectedso.指出聯(lián)系和句子成分后，合并句子→1.Ihavewatchedthemoviethat/which/不填I(lǐng)like.2.Ihavewatchedthemoviethat/whichismyfavorite./Ihavewatchedthemovie,whichismyfavorite.3.Ihavewatchedthemoviewhoseheroismyfan./Ihavewatchedthemovie，ofwhichtheheroismyfan./Ihavewatchedthemovie，theheroofwhichismyfan.4.Ihavewatchedthemoviethat/which/不填I(lǐng)playarolein./IhavewatchedthemovieinwhichIplayarole.5.Ihavewatchedthemovie,whichwastedmytime.6.Ihavewatchedthemovie,asIexpected./Aswasexpected,Ihavewatchedthemovie.從上可以可知:如何選擇引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞是學(xué)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句的難點(diǎn)關(guān)鍵?；y為易記口訣：一看指人還是物，二看介詞在前后；三看句中擔(dān)成分，四看是否特殊性。訓(xùn)練(一)Infactthemandidn’tunderstandthethreequestions1wereaskedinFrench.Hetoldmeall2hehadseenthere.Iwillneverforgetthedays3Ispentinthecountry.Getyourselffamiliarwithlocallawsandcustomsofthecountriesto4youaretravelling.訓(xùn)練(一)答案：1.which/that2.that3.that/which/不填4.which訓(xùn)練(二)Iwillneverforgetthedays__1__Ilivedinthecountry.Isawsometrees___2___leaveswereblackwithdisease.Isthisroom___3___helivedinlastyear?I’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersofLiRiver___4___arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinesepaintings.Thebeautifulviewsandthefriendlypeopleare___5___newcomerslike,And___6___ourbusdrovethroughthecity,suddenlythoseofus___7___weretiredofthelongjourneywerenowenergeticandexcited.Themainstreetislinedwithsmallstandsandshops___8___sellalmostanything___9___youcanimagine.訓(xùn)練(二)答案：1.when2.whose3.theone4.that/which5.what6.when7.who8.that/which9.that/訓(xùn)練(三)Thechangesinthecitywillcostquitealot,___1___theywillsaveusmoneyinthelongrun,lifeinthecityisdull.,wildaspectsofnaturearerecreatedinlandscapesfeaturewaterfalls,mountains,lakes,andforests.訓(xùn)練(三)答案：1.but2.though3.Instead4.which/that訓(xùn)練(四)Who__1__hasseenhimdonotlikehim?Thisisthequestionabout__2__we’vehadsomuchdiscussion.Hewrotealotofnovels,noneof___3___werepopular.It’sthesamewithhiswife.Shewrotesomeplays,butnoneof___4___wasasuccess.Youwillnevergainsuccess___5___youarefullydevotedtoyourwork.訓(xùn)練(四)答案:1.that2.which3.which4.them5.unless訓(xùn)練(五)Don’tmakefriendswithsuchyoungmen___1___don’tworkhard.Ineedafriend___2___cangivemeahand___3___Ihavetroubledoingsomething.Oneofthewinnersof“ToughingChina2022”WangKuanisaman___4___helpedanumberofhomelesskids.Hehassetagoodexampletoothers.訓(xùn)練(五)答案:1.as2.who3.when4.that/who訓(xùn)練(六)Thebooksonthedesks,1coversareshiny,areprizesforus.Thebooksiswellwrittenandwellprinted.Therearefew,2any,mistakesinit.Thisisthebook3Ihavereaddozensoftimes.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark___4___youhaveanyquestions.FromthisexperienceIhavelearn5questioningcanserveasabridge6helpsustoseekthetruth.Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatwork7agoodimpressionisamust.Iamlookingforwardtotheday8mydaughtercanreadthisbookandknowmyfeelingsforher.IborrowedthebookSherlockHolmsfromthelibrarylastweek,9myclassmaterecommendedtome.Buthehasneverread___10___.Idon’reallyliketheauthor,11Ihavetoadmithisbooksareveryexciting.12heisconsideredagreatwriter,stillhisworksarenotwidelyread.訓(xùn)練(六)答案:1.whose2.if3.that4.where5.that6.that/which7.where8.when9.which10.it11.although12.Although訓(xùn)練(七)Happinessisn’tgetting1thatyouwant.It’sallaboutenjoying2youhave.Thosearetheverywords3heused.Focusonenjoying4wealreadyhaveinsteadofwastingtimefocusingon5wedon’thave.Remember6lifeismoreaboutenjoyingthejourney7simplyreachingthedestination.訓(xùn)練(七)答案:1.all/everything/allthat2.what3.that4.what5.what6.that7.than訓(xùn)練(八)Somestudentsdon’trealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheireyesight1theyhavebadeyesight.Smartphoneshavenegativeeffectsonthem.Textingmessagesiscommon.Inatextmessage,88meansbye-bye.andanotherexampleisF2F2standsforfacetoface.訓(xùn)練(八)答案:1.until2.which訓(xùn)練(九)Difficultiesalwaysgowithus!1weworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,2greatitis.Cheerup!3Godclosesadoorinfontofyou,hewillopenawindowforyou.Itasksyoutoactlikewater:tobeflexibleaswellasstrong.Givemeachance,4Iwillgiveyouasurprise.訓(xùn)練(九)答案:1.If2.however3.If4.and訓(xùn)練(十)InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,andVietnamfoodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.Somepeoplethink1thegreatscholarConfucius,2livedfromroughly551to.,influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks.3,ChinaDailyattractsaworldwidereadership,4shows5moreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.訓(xùn)練(十)答案:1.that2.who3.Besides4.which5.that訓(xùn)練(十一)Oneconcernrelatestoalackofcontrolover1appearsbothontheInternetandtelevision.Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmosphere2hisemployeesenjoyheirwork.Inthecompany,theaddictedplayersareallowedtoplayvideogamesonlyonstressfuldays,3thebosswillchecktheircomputersfromtimetotimetomakesure4theyaredoingtheirwork.Thecompany5profitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.Atthesametime,thenumberofsmokershere,6isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.訓(xùn)練(十一)答案:1.what