2020-2021學年北京市西城區(qū)高一下學期期末英語試題聽力

北京市西城區(qū)2020—2021學年度第二學期期末試卷高一英語本試卷共14頁，共140分?？荚嚂r長120分鐘。考生務必將答案寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。第Ⅰ卷(共75分)I.聽力理解（共三節(jié)，22.5分）第一節(jié):(共4小題;每小題1.5分，共6分)聽下面四段對話，每段對話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。每段對話你將聽一遍。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】What’stheman’sanimalsign?A. B. C.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:ThisyearistheYearoftheOx.DoyouknowyourChineseanimalsign?M:Yes,Ido.IwasbornintheYearoftheRabbit.Whataboutyou?W:Iwasbornin1980.ThatwastheYearoftheMonkey.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatkindofmusicdoesthebandplay?A.Countrymusic. B.Rockmusic. C.Popmusic.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:What’syourfavouriteband,Peter?M:I’mabigfanofOneDirection.Ihaveattendedalltheirconcerts.W:Whatkindofmusicdotheyplay,countrymusicorrockmusic?M:Neither.Theyplaypopmusic.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whenwillthemangoonholiday?A.InJune. B.InJuly. C.InAugust.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Ican’tgoonholidayasplannedinJune.W:Whyisthat?M:Myparentsarecomingtovisitmeatthattime.W:Whydon’tyougoinJuly?It’salovelymonthinthemountains.M:Yeah,butI’llbequitebusypreparingforanimportantmeeting.I’mplanningtogoinAugust.It’scoolerthen.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inabank. C.Inanoffice.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.CanIhavethebill,please?W:OK.Howwaseverything,sir?M:Thefoodwasverynice.Thankyou.W:That’llbe50dollars.Howwouldyouliketopay?M:Creditcard,please.Hereyouare.W:Thanks.I’llberightback.第二節(jié):（共6小題；每小題1.5分，共9分）聽下面三段對話，每段對話后有兩道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。每段對話你將聽兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】5.What’sChapterSevenabout?A.Biology. B.Rivers. C.Fish.6.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Librarianandreader.【答案】5.C6.A【解析】【原文】W:Hello,Richard.Iwasn’tatschooltodaybecauseIwassick.CanyoutellmewhatourBiologyhomeworkis?M:Yes,Sally.Inclass,wetalkedaboutanimalsthatliveinwater.Forhomework,wehavetoreadabookaboutthem.Thebook’scalledRivers.W:Who’stheauthor?...Letmesee...itwaswrittenbyMartinCooper.Actually,Isawacopyintheschoollibrarytheotherday.Maybeyoucanborrowitfromthelibrary.W:That’sgreat!M:It’sonthethirdshelfintheBiologysection.WehavetoreadChapterSeven.W:OK.What’sitabout?M:Fish.It’squiteinteresting.W:I’llgotothelibrarytomorrow.Thanks,Richard.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】7.Whenwillthewomangotothetheatre?A.OnWednesdayevening.B.OnThursdayafternoon.C.OnSaturdayevening.8.Whydoesthewomanmakethephonecall?A.Todiscussweekendplans.B.Tobookticketsforashow.C.Toaskthewaytoatheatre.【答案】7.A8.B【解析】【原文】M:Queen’sTheatre.CanIhelpyou?W:Yes.I’dliketwoticketsforthisweek’sshow.Saturdaywouldbebest.M:Sorry,alloftheticketsforSaturdayhavebeensoldout,butwestillhaveafewforWednesdayeveningorThursdayafternoon.W:ThenWednesdayevening,please.Haveyougottwonearthefront?M:Yes,wehavetwoseatsinthefront.W:Great.Howmuchforoneticket?M:Eightpoundsfifty.W:I’lltaketwo.M:YoucancollectyourticketsfromtheticketofficeonFerretRoad.It’sopenallday.W:OK.Canwegettothetheatrebybus?M:Yes,there’sabusstopjustoutside.W:Thankyouforyourhelp.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】9.WhendoesthemangotoCityA.At5:30. B.At6:00. C.At7:00.10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Photographyskills.B.Aphotographycourse.C.Aprofessionalphotographer.【答案】9.C10.B【解析】【原文】W:Philip,how’syourphotographycoursegoing?M:Oh,it’sgreat.I’mreallyintotakingphotographsandIliketheteacher.W:Luckyyou.Areyourclassesintheevening?M:Yes.IfinishatParkCollegeat5:30andgethomeabout6:00.IgotoW:Howmuchdoesthecoursecost?M:Myten-weekcourseisusually90pounds.Butthere’sadiscountforstudentsanditcostsme75pounds.W:Thatsoundsprettygood.Yourphotographyskillsmustbeimprovingrapidly.M:Myphotographsaremuchbetternow,butIdon’tthinkI’llbeaprofessionalphotographer.第三節(jié)：（共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分）聽下面一段獨白，根據(jù)題目要求在相應的橫線上寫下關鍵信息。每小題僅填寫一個詞。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】HowtoImproveMemoryGivethebrainaworkoutMentalworkoutscanincreasememorybychallengingourselvesto___11___newbrainpathways.DophysicalexerciseItreducestheriskofmemorylossandincreasesthebrain___12___.Get___13___sleepMostadultsshouldget7-9hoursofsleepanightto___14___memories.Maketimefor___15___andfriendsHealthyrelationshipshelpreducethefactorsthatcanleadtomemoryloss.【答案】11.develop12.activity13.enough14.store15.family【解析】【原文】Goodmorning,everyone.TodayI’mgoingtogivesomeadviceonimprovingmemory.First,givethebrainaworkout.Asphysicalworkoutscanincreaseourmusclestrength,mentalworkoutscanincreaseourmemorybychallengingourselvestodevelopnewbrainpathways.Forexample,learninganewlanguage,solvinghigher-levelmathproblems,andwritingessayscanserveasmentalworkouts.Second,dophysicalexercise.Physicalexercisecanincreasebloodcirculationthroughoutourbody,whichsendsmoreoxygentoourbrain.Therefore,itreducestheriskofmemorylossandincreasesthebrainactivity.Thethirdtipistogetenoughsleep.Sleepplaysanimportantroleinmemory.Whiletheamountofrequiredsleeptimemightvary,mostadultsshouldget7-9hoursofsleepanighttostorememoriesinthebrain.Finally,maketimeforfamilyandfriends.Healthyrelationshipsarenecessarytoimproveourmemory,whichhelpsreducethefactorsthatcanleadtomemoryloss,suchasstressanddepression.Ourmemoryiscloselylinkedtobothourphysicalandmentalhealth,andthebestwaytoimproveourmemoryistohaveahealthydailyroutine.Thankyou.II.完形填空（共15小題；每小題1.5分，共22.5分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ALessonfromaFive-Year-OldIt’seighto’clockonacoldspringnight.Thephoneringsforthesixthtimeinlessthananhour.Iknowwhoitis—mymom.Whenmymomwas68,astroke(中風)tookher___16___butnotherlife.She’ssufferingfromparanoia.Shethinksshehasbeenkickedoutofherhousewhichisnottrueandshethinksherdaughtershavenotvisitedinmonthseventhoughitwasonlyafewdaysago.Eachtimeshe___17___,Iplayagamewithmyselfcalled“HowGoodofaPersonCanIBe?”.I’ve___18___fiveroundsofthegametonight.ButI’mdueforaloss.Mymomhasnoideathatshehas___19___thethingsshehassaidamilliontimestodayandamilliontimesyesterday.Shehasnoideathatshecannotrecallherowngrand-daughter’sname.“Mom!”Iyell.“You’renotbeing___20___yourhome!Andwevisitedtwodaysago!Icannottalkanymore!Everythingisfine!”Isinkintothesofa,___21___thatmydaughtersaweverything.Ihavenotonlyfailedtonightatbeingagoodperson,butIhavefailedatbeingagood___22___tomydaughter.“CanItalktoGrandmaEllie?”Mydaughter___23___forthephone.Ihanditover.“Hi,Grandma!”Ihearmymother’sbrightandcheerfulvoice___24___thereceiver,“Sweetheart!Didyougotoschooltoday?”“Yes,Grandma.Todaywasshareday,andIbroughtmyWonderWomannecklaces.”Mymothertellsherhowmuchshelovesherandhowlovelyhervoicesounds.Then,“Tellme,didyougotoschooltoday?”“Yes,Grandma.Iwenttoschoolandwehadshareday.IbroughtmyWonderWomannecklaces.”Ilistentomydaughtertalk____25____tohergrandmother.Mydaughterhasalotof____26____towardsher.Ihavespentsomuchtime____27____shehada“real”grandmother.Inthismoment,Irealizethatshedoeshavearealgrandmother,andshedoeshaveareal____28____withher.Itisn’ttheoneIhadhopedfor,buttoher,thisis____29____—tocareforalovedoneisapartoflife.Tonight,she____30____mehowtoanswerthephonelikeagrown-up.16.A.body B.temper C.mind D.nature17.A.calls B.reflects C.visits D.leaves18.A.lasted B.done C.made D.won19.A.replaced B.repeated C.recalled D.realized20.A.removedfrom B.movedinto C.rescuedfrom D.forcedinto21.A.aware B.proud C.curious D.satisfied22A.identity B.example C.friend D.soul23.A.cares B.applies C.prepares D.reaches24.A.into B.beyond C.through D.against25.A.briefly B.firmly C.softly D.anxiously26.A.patience B.attitude C.determination D.experience27.A.confirming B.worrying C.promising D.wishing28.A.gathering B.relationship C.greeting D.agreement29.A.formal B.normal C.unbelievable D.selfless30.A.advises B.expects C.warns D.teaches【答案】16.C17.A18.D19.B20.A21.A22.B23.D24.C25.C26.A27.D28.B29.B30.D【解析】【分析】本文是記敘文，文章講述了得了妄想癥的媽媽的電話讓我情緒失控，但女兒卻能耐心地與她的祖母交流，這讓我很慚愧。【16題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽68歲的時候，中風奪走了她的理智，卻沒有奪走她的生命。A.body身體；B.temper脾氣；C.mind大腦，理智；D.nature天性。根據(jù)上文“astroke”和下文“She’ssufferingfromparanoia”可知，媽媽中風，得了妄想癥，思維不正常。故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每次她打來電話，我就和自己玩一個游戲，叫“我能做多好的人?”。A.calls打電話；B.reflects反射；C.visits訪問，參觀；D.leaves離開。根據(jù)上文“Thephoneringsforthesixthtimeinlessthananhour.Iknowwhoitis—mymom.”可知，媽媽常常給我打電話。故選A項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：今晚的比賽我贏了五局。A.lasted持續(xù)；B.done做；C.made制作；D.won勝利。根據(jù)下文“ButI’mdueforaloss.”中But可知上下文有轉折關系，上文是指我贏了五局。故選D項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽不知道她今天和昨天說的話都重復了一百萬遍。A.replaced代替；B.repeated重復；C.recalled回想起；D.realized意識到。根據(jù)下文“shehassaidamilliontimestodayandamilliontimesyesterday”可知，媽媽在不斷重復說過的事情。故選B項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：“媽媽!”我吼道。“你不會被趕出你的家!”。A.removedfrom從……移走；B.movedinto移入；C.rescuedfrom從……中營救；D.forcedinto迫使進入。根據(jù)上文“Shethinksshehasbeenkickedoutofherhousewhichisnottrueandshethinksherdaughtershavenotvisitedinmonthseventhoughitwasonlyafewdaysago.”可知，媽媽反復說自己被趕出了家，我生氣了，告訴她她并沒有被趕出家門（notbeingremovedfrom）。故選A項?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我坐在沙發(fā)上，意識到我的女兒看到了一切。A.aware意識到的；B.proud自豪的；C.curious好奇的；D.satisfied滿意的。根據(jù)下文可知女兒看到了我的情緒失控，所以我坐到沙發(fā)上的時候，意識到這一情況。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：今晚我不僅沒能做個好人，也沒能給我女兒做個好榜樣。A.identity身份；B.example例子，榜樣；C.friend朋友；D.soul靈魂。根據(jù)上文可知，我的情緒失控，覺得自己沒有扮演了一個好人的角色，更沒有給女兒做好榜樣。故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我能和埃莉祖母說話嗎?”我女兒伸手去拿電話。A.cares關心；B.applies申請；C.prepares準備；D.reaches伸出手，到達。根據(jù)下文“Ihanditover”可知，女兒伸手來拿電話。故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：通過話筒，我聽到了媽媽歡快的聲音:“親愛的!你今天去上學了嗎?”。A.into進入；B.beyond超過；C.through通過；D.against反對。根據(jù)上文可知，女兒和媽媽在電話里聊天，所以我是通過聽筒聽到媽媽的聲音。故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我聽著女兒輕聲和她祖母說話。A.briefly簡略地；B.firmly堅定地；C.softly溫柔地；D.anxiously焦慮地。根據(jù)上文女兒兩次耐心回答媽媽相同的問題可推知，女兒對她的祖母很溫柔。故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我女兒對她很有耐心。A.patience耐心；B.attitude態(tài)度；C.determination決心；D.experience經(jīng)驗。根據(jù)上文可知，同樣的問題媽媽問了兩次，但女兒仍耐心回答。故選A項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一直以來，我都希望她能有個“真正的”祖母。A.confirming確認；B.worrying當心；C.promising承諾；D.wishing希望、祝愿。根據(jù)下文“Inthismoment,Irealizethatshedoeshavearealgrandmother”可知，女兒有個正常的，“真正的”祖母是我的愿望。故選D項。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我意識到她確實有一個真正的祖母，而且她和祖母的關系是真實的。A.gathering聚集；B.relationship關系；C.greeting問候；D.agreement同意。根據(jù)上文可知，今晚的事情讓我意識到盡管女兒和她的祖母不能進行正常的交流，但女兒仍耐心與祖母聊天，愿意照顧祖母的感受，這也是一種真正的祖孫關系。故選B項?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這不是我所希望的，但對她來說，這很正?！P心所愛的人是生活的一部分。A.formal正式的；B.normal正常的；C.unbelievable令人難以相信的；D.selfless無私的。根據(jù)上文可知，我意識到盡管女兒和她的祖母不能進行正常的交流，但女兒仍耐心與祖母聊天，愿意照顧祖母的感受，說明對女兒來說，這是一種真正存在的關系，是一種正常的關系。故選B項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：今晚，她教我如何像個大人一樣接電話。A.advises建議；B.expects期待；C.warns警告；D.teaches教導。根據(jù)上文我情緒失控和女兒耐心聊天的對比可知，女兒在接祖母電話這件事情上是我的榜樣。故選D項。III.閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheAngelOneofWales’sloveliestsmalltownshasoneofitsloveliestsmallhotelsand?theyevenhaveanoptionforyoutostaywithinthegroundsofAbergavennyCastle.However,theWalnutInn’sownershaveanotherplaceyouneedtoknowabouttheaward-winningWeabsolutelyloveit:itisanidealmixofalovelyself-cateringplacewiththestress-freeeaseofahotelstay.Andspeakingofeasingthestress,they’llevenlendyouacarifyouarrivebytrain:thehotelhasalittleelectricvehiclecalleda‘Twizy’,whichguestscanuseduringtheirstay.FoodanddrinkThebeautifullydecorated?OakRoomRestaurantprovidesavariedmenufrombreakfastinthemorningtodinnerintheevening.Onthemenu,guestswillfinddishesmadewithqualitylocalproduce.MoreinformaldinnersurroundingsareavailableintheFoxhunterbar—fullofcomfortableleathersofas.Itoffersarangeofbeersandwines.WhattodoForwalking,cyclingandclimbing,Abergavennyisaperfectbaseontheedgeofthe?BreconDon’tmissAbergavennyhasplentyofinterestinglittleshopsandcafés,includingalargeItalian-Welshdeli,butthehighlightisthe?coveredmarket.It’saninterestingplacetovisitforacoupleofhours.TheAngel31.TheAngelHotelisaperfectchoicefortouristsduetoits________.A.beautifulsurroundings B.award-winningserviceC.deliciousfood D.ideallocation32.Accordingtothepassage,a‘Twizy’is________.A.acarthatthehotellendstoitsguests B.arestaurantthatoffershighqualityfoodC.atrainthattouristscantaketothesmalltown D.anationalparkthatissurroundedbymountains33.Inwhichsectionofanewspaperisthepassagemostlikelytoappear?A.Industry&Business. B.Health&Food.C.Sports&Entertainment. D.Travel&Lifestyle.【答案】31.D32.A33.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了天使酒店特色、食物和飲料和可以參與的活動等信息?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“However,theWalnutInn’sownershaveanotherplaceyouneedtoknowabouttheaward-winningAngelHotel,adelightfulplaceintheveryheartofthetowncentre.Itslocationmakesittheperfectplacetostay.(然而，核桃酒店的老板還有一個地方你需要知道的獲獎天使酒店，一個令人愉快的地方，在市中心的心臟。它的位置使它成為一個完美的住宿地方)”可知，由于其理想的位置，天使酒店是游客的完美選擇。故選D?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Andspeakingofeasingthestress,they’llevenlendyouacarifyouarrivebytrain:thehotelhasalittleelectricvehiclecalleda‘Twizy’,whichguestscanuseduringtheirstay.(說到緩解壓力，如果你坐火車來，他們甚至會借給你一輛車：酒店有一種名為“Twizy”的小型電動汽車，客人在入住期間可以使用)”可知，“Twizy”是酒店借給客人的汽車。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標題“TheAngelHotelreview:AheavenlyplacetostayinAbergavenny(天使酒店評論：阿伯加文尼里一個天堂般的地方)”結合文章主要介紹了天使酒店特色、食物和飲料和可以參與的活動等信息?？赏浦?，文章可能出現(xiàn)在報紙的“旅行&生活風格”部分。故選D。BElonMuskisasymbolofpassion,hardworkandsuccess.Apersonmayworkhardinhislife,butwhenhardworkgoesalongwithpassionandanewidea,thensomethingiscreatedthatastonishestheworld.AsthefounderofbigcompanieslikePayPal,SpaceX,andTeslaMotors,ElonMuskisaguideandinspirationfortheyoutharoundtheworld.ElonMuskwasbornonJune28,1971inPretoria,SouthAfrica.Hewastheeldestofthreechildren.HisfatherErrolMusk,aBritish-bornSouthAfrican,wasanengineer.MuskspenthischildhoodinWhenhewas17,hedecidedtoleavehomeandhadwantedtomovetotheUnitedStatesaftergraduatingfromasecondaryschoolinPretoria.However,hewasunabletomovetotheUnitedStates.In1989,ElonMuskmovedtoCanada,wherehismother’srelativeslived.AfterobtainingCanadiancitizenship,MuskwenttoMontreal.Duetoalackofmoney,hefoundalow-payingjob.Attheageof19,heenteredQueensUniversityinKingston,Ontario,studyingtherefortwoyears.Finally,in1992,hisdreamcametrue—hemovedtotheAsateenager,Muskstruggledwithdepression.Butthenherealizedthatthemostimportantthingwaspresentinghimselfwiththerightquestions.Thedayhestarteddoingthis,everythingstartedtogeteasier.Muskthoughtthatahumanbeinghadtoexpandthelimitsofhisconsciousness—toasktherightquestionsandgetanswerstothem;thusheaskedthebestquestionofall:whatwillhavethegreatestimpactonthefutureofhumans?MuskfoundthatthesethingsweretheInternetandspaceexploration.ThelifeofElonMuskisinspiring.HefoundsuccessontheInternet,withoutmuchformallearning.Byreadingbooksandusinghiswillpoweranddedication,hereachedalevelofknowledgethatisdifficulttoimagine.Hedidnotgiveupuntilheachievedhisdreams.ElonMusktrulystandsoutamongotherbillionairesbecauseofhisleadershipabilities,positiveattitude,abilitytoknowwhentotakerisks,andbeliefinfuturistictechnologies.34.Accordingtothepassage,ElonMuskgainedknowledgeofcomputerby________.A.teachinghimself B.learningfromhisfatherC.takingonlinecourses D.studyinginQueens35.WhatmadethingseasierforElonMuskwhenhesufferedfromdepression?A.Expandingknowledgebyreadingbooks. B.Askinghimselftherightquestions.C.AchievingsuccessontheInternet. D.Designingcomputergames.36.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.It’snevertoolatetolearn. B.Youthmeanslimitlesspossibilities.C.Wherethere’sawill,there’saway. D.Hewhodoesn’tadvancefallsbackward.37.WhichwordscanbestdescribeElonMuskaccordingtothepassage?A.Optimisticandgenerous. B.Ambitiousanddetermined.C.Independentandhelpful. D.Adventurousandrealistic.【答案】34.A35.B36.C37.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了PayPal、SpaceX、特斯拉汽車等大公司的創(chuàng)始人ElonMusk的個人經(jīng)歷，講述了Musk通過自學獲得了計算機知識，通過自身不懈努力、與抑郁癥作斗爭最終取得成功的故事?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ThisgotEloninterestedinprogrammingandhestartedtolearnonhisown.(這讓Elon對編程產(chǎn)生了興趣，他開始自學)”可知，ElonMusk通過自學獲得了計算機知識。故選A?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Muskthoughtthatahumanbeinghadtoexpandthelimitsofhisconsciousness—toasktherightquestionsandgetanswerstothem;thusheaskedthebestquestionofall:whatwillhavethegreatestimpactonthefutureofhumans?MuskfoundthatthesethingsweretheInternetandspaceexploration.(十幾歲的時候，Musk一直在與抑郁癥作斗爭。但后來他意識到，最重要的是向自己提出正確的問題。從他開始這么做的那天起，一切都變得容易了)”可知，當ElonMusk患上抑郁癥時，他通過問自己正確的問題讓事情變得更容易。故選B?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主要講述了PayPal、SpaceX、特斯拉汽車等大公司的創(chuàng)始人ElonMusk的個人經(jīng)歷，講述了Musk通過自學獲得了計算機知識，通過自身不懈努力、與抑郁癥作斗爭最終取得成功的故事?？赏浦?，文章告訴了我們“有志者，事竟成”的道理。故選C?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“l(fā)earning.ByElonMuskisinspiring.HefoundsuccessontheInternet,withoutmuchformallearning.Byreadingbooksandusinghiswillpoweranddedication,hereachedalevelofknowledgethatisdifficulttoimagine.Hedidnotgiveupuntilheachievedhisdreams.(埃隆·馬斯克的生活鼓舞人心。他沒有經(jīng)過多少正規(guī)的學習就在網(wǎng)上獲得了成功。通過讀書和運用他的意志力和奉獻精神，他的知識達到了難以想象的水平。他直到實現(xiàn)了夢想才放棄)”可推知，ElonMusk是個有抱負和意志力堅定的人。故選B。CPhotographerRebeccaDouglashasalwaysbeenfascinatedbythenightsky.HerloveforstarshastakentheU.K.residenton“starwalking”tripstoIcelandandintotheArctic,whereshestepsoutontodarkenedtrailstocapturetwinklingstarsandglowingplanetsinherimages.Hikingatnightisn’tuncommon.Plentyofpeoplehikeafterdarktogettocampsitesorwatchthesunrisefromamountaintop.Starwalkinggoesastepfurtherbyblendinghikingwithstargazing.Ratherthanheadingtoanobservatoryorsettingupatelescopeinyourbackyardstarwalkingtakesyouonabriefjourneytolookatthestarsfromdifferentviewpoints.Whetheryou’reinthemountainsideorbythelakewithstarsreflectingonthewater,starwalkingisoftenmuchmoredynamicthantraditionalstargazing.What’smore,starwalkingisgoodforyou.Thereareplentyof?studies?thatshowthehealthbenefitsofbeinginnature.Spendingatleasttwohoursaweekoutdoors,particularlywhileengaginginwhatinvolves“effortlessattention”,candecreasebloodpressure,heartrate,andstresslevels.Sohowdoesanaspiringstarwalkergetstarted?Itdoesn’ttakemuchmorethanasturdypairofboots.Whiletelescopesandbinocularsobviouslyhavetheiruses,peopleareencouragedtostartwithnaked-eyestargazing.Usingonlytheeyesallowsonetogetlostintheinfiniteexpanseofspaceandletsthemindgo.Itisadvisedthatonereaduponthenightskybeforeheadingout.Freemobileapps,suchas?StarWalk2,canhelpidentifycelestialbodies（天體）andareeasytouse—simplypointyourphoneattheskytorevealamap.Websiteslike?Sky&Telescope?andNASA’s?SpacePlace?coverthebasics,havein-depthexplanationsonstars,andofferadviceonequipment.?SpacePlace?posts?monthlyskywatchingupdates,soyoucanplanoutingsaroundeventssuchasmeteorshowers.Inthe?UnitedStates,nationalparksaregreatoptionsforinexperiencednighthikers.Manyofferguidedoutingsthatexplaintheimportanceofprotectingnightskies.Thosewithagoodnumberofwalksundertheirbeltmaywanttotry?GlacierNationalPark?in?Montana.Ifnationalparksandotherdark-skydesignatedareasareoutofrange,checklocalastronomyclubsandobservatoriesforguidedsessions.Siteslikethe?InternationalAstronomicalUnion?areusefulforfindingresourcesbyarea.Attheendoftheday,thebestadviceistotakeitslowandenjoythejourney.“Withallofthechaos（混亂）that’shappeningaroundus,theoneconstanthasbeenthenightsky,”explainsDouglas,whohasbeenexploringpopularplacesnearby,longafterthecrowdshavegonehomefortheday.“Walkingisquiteamindfulwayoflookingupandbeingremindedthat,althougheverythingfeelssodifferent,somethingsarestillthesame.”38.Accordingtothepassage,starwalkingrefersto________.A.goingtoanobservatoryB.lookingatstarsinmountainsC.combininghikingandstargazingD.settingupatelescopeinthebackyard39.Oneofthereasonswhypeoplegoonastarwalkingisthat_______.A.it’seasiertoidentifycelestialbodiesB.itisgoodforphysicalandmentalhealthC.theycanenjoythejourneywithoutcrowdsD.theycanraiseawarenessofprotectingnightskies40.Accordingtothepassage,astarwalkingbeginnerisadvisedto_______.A.prepareapairofstrongbootsB.startbyobservingwithtelescopesC.joinanastronomycluboranobservatoryD.findguidedoutingswiththehelpofmobileapps41.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A.excitepeople’sinterestinstarwalkingB.recommendsomeplacesforstarwalkingC.explainthehealthbenefitsofstarwalkingD.introducethepreparationsforstarwalking【答案】38.C39.B40.A41.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了星光漫步的內涵，好處，并給出出行前的準備、漫步的最佳地點等一些建議?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)課文第二段“Starwalkinggoesastepfurtherbyblendinghikingwithstargazing.（星光漫步更進一步，將徒步旅行與觀星相結合。）”文中“blend”和和選項中“combine”是同義詞，都有混合、結合、融合之意?？芍?，星光漫步不止是徒步旅行，更是將觀星和徒步相結合的一項活動。故選C項。【39題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“What’smore,starwalkingisgoodforyou.Thereareplentyofstudiesthatshowthehealthbenefitsofbeinginnature.（更重要的是，星光漫步對你有好處。有大量的研究表明，處在大自然中對健康有益。）”可知，人們太空漫步的其中一個原因就是它對人們的身心健康有好處。故選B項?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Sohowdoesanaspiringstarwalkergetstarted?Itdoesn’ttakemuchmorethanasturdypairofboots.（那么一個有抱負的星際行者是怎樣起步呢？只需要一雙結實的靴子。）”可知，一個星際旅行新手被建議準備一雙結實的靴子。故選A項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。本文主要講了星光漫步的概念、優(yōu)點，并給出星光漫步的一些好的建議，比如，漫步出發(fā)前前的準備、好的漫步地點等?？芍?，整體上作者想把星光漫步這項活動介紹給大家，并希望吸引更多的人加入其中。故選A項。DInthenaturalhabitat,abinge-watcherisastrangesub-speciesof?modernhumanbeings.Theyarealoneandareoftenfoundlyingontheirbedorsofa,stillasarock,lookingsearchinglyintotheirlaptoporattheTV.Theyrarelygetup,onlytakingoccasionalbreaksforthoseurgentcallsofnature.Unlikesomanyothersoftheirspecies,theydon’tsleepattheendofeveryday.Theystayuplateandareoftenfoundtohaveredeyes.This,ofcourse,isalittlebitexaggerated,butformanyofus,?binge-watchingashowishowweconsumeourentertainment.Withstreamingservicesbringingseeminglyendlesscontenttothetipsofourfinger,creatorstailortheirshowstoourneedsandtastes,whiletheirmarketingteamsellsittousasthenextmostbingeable?show.Ican’thelpbutwonderifthiswayofconsumingtelevisiondoesusanygood.We’readvisedtoget7to8hoursofsleepperday,butstayingupallnighttofinishshowslike‘BreakingBad’and‘TheFall’,whichNetflixsaysarebingedthefastest,won’tresultin8hoursofuninterruptedsleep.Netflix’sCEORichardHastingstoldanalystsataconference,“Thinkaboutit…whenyouwatchashowfromNetflixandyougetaddictedtoit,youstayuplateatnight.We’recompetingwithsleep.”Anditisn’tonlytheamountofsleepweget;thequalitymatterstoo!A?study?publishedintheJournalforClinicalSleepMedicinereportedthatthosewhobingedtelevisionmoreoftenwerefoundtohavepoorersleepquality.ThementalarousalwegetfromwatchingTVdoesn’tlenditselftopeacefulsleep.Besides,bingingTVcancauseweightgain.ForeveryextrahourofTVwatched,therewasa2%increaseintheprevalenceofobesity,accordingtoa?studyconductedbyHarvardthatlinkedTVwatchingtoobesityinchildrenandadolescents.Whileitistruethatthere’sgrowingevidencethatbingingisn’tgoodforus,theresultsaren’tallhopeless.Binging,?occasionally,mighthavesomebenefits.Formanypeople,bingingisagoodwaytosocialize.Itgivespeoplesomethingtotalkaboutatpartiesandwiththeirfriends.Fansofpopularshowsoftenholdviewingpartieswherepeoplecanbinge-watchshowstogetherandthendiscusswhattheyjustexperienced!Thisinteractioncancreateasenseofcommunityformany.Forothers,bingingmightjustberelaxing.Afteralongday,afewhoursofFriends—stilloneofthemostpopularshowsonanystreamingplatform—caneasethestressofalongday.A?study?followed240peoplethroughtheirbingingandrecordedtheirstresshormones.Theynotedforsomepeoplethattheirstresshormonelevelsdecreasedduringtheirbingingexperience.Withbinging,thereisnota“good”or“bad”answer.Likemanythings,thekeyismoderation.WatchingTVcanberelaxing,butonlyifitdoesn’tstopyoufromexercising,takingcareofyourhealth,andfulfillingyoursocialresponsibilities.42.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tailor”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Study. B.Sell. C.Adjust. D.Promote.43.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Theamountofsleepmattersmorethanthequality.B.There’snorealharminbinge-watchingaTVseries.C.Bingingmayhelpkeepstresshormonelevelsstable.D.Binge-watchingmayhelpincreasesocialconnections.44Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbinge-watching?A.Supportive. B.Unconcerned. C.Objective D.Doubtful.45.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhoIstoBlameforBinge-Watching? B.IsBinge-WatchingGoodorBadforYou?C.IsBinge-WatchingGettingoutofControl? D.HowDoesBinge-WatchingAffectYourLife?【答案】42.C43.D44.C45.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了“追劇”這種社會現(xiàn)象，以及就追劇到底是好還是壞進行了討論，解釋了追劇的好處和不良影響，指出追劇應當適度?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“theirshowstoourneedsandtastes,whiletheirmarketingteamsellsittousasthenextmostbingeableshow”可知，節(jié)目制作者根據(jù)我們的需求和品味來調整他們的節(jié)目，而他們的營銷團隊則把它作為下一個最受歡迎的節(jié)目來推銷給我們，故畫線詞意思是“調整”。A.Study.學習；B.Sell.出售；C.Adjust.調整；D.Promote.促進。故選C。【43題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Formanypeople,bingingisagoodwaytosocialize.Itgivespeoplesomethingtotalkaboutatpartiesandwiththeirfriends.Fansofpo