2009統(tǒng)一卷2000考研路上的幸福哥

入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試PartⅠCloseForeachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarked［A,［B,［C］and［D］.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(10points)①Ifafarmerwishestosucceed,hemusttrytokeepawidegapbetweenhisconsumptionandhisproduction.②Hemuststorealargetyofgrain1consumingallhisgrain ③Hecancontinuetosupporthimselfandhis heproducesa④Hemustusethissurplusinthreeways:asseedforsowing,asaninsurance3theunpredictableeffectsofbadweatherandasacommoditywhichhemustsellinorderto4oldagriculturalimplementsandobtainchemicalfertilizersto5thesoil.⑤Hemayalsoneedmoneytoconstructirrigation6andimprovehisfarminotherways.⑥Ifnosurplusisavailable,afarmercannotbe7.⑦Hemusteithersellsomeofhispropertyor8extrafundsintheformofloans.⑧Naturallyhewilltrytoborrowmoneyatalow9ofinterest,butloansofthiskindarenot10obtainable.［139words］otheraswellinsteadmoreonlymuchlongeverreself-self-［C］self-［D］self-8.［A］［C］9.［A］［C］10.［A］［C］PartⅡReadingEachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswersmarked［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.ThenmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(40points)Passage①Ahistoryoflongandeffortlesssuccesscanbeadreadfulhandicap,but,ifproperlyhandled,itmay eadriving.②WhentheUnitedStatesenteredjustsuchaglowingperiodaftertheendoftheSecondWorldWar,ithadamarketeighttimeslargerthananycompetitor,givingitsindustriesunparalleledeconomiesofscale.③Itsscientistsweretheworldsbest;itsworkersthemostskilled.④(11)AmericaandAmericanswereprosperousbeyonddreamsoftheEuropeansandAsianswhoseeconomiesthewarhad①Itwasinevitablethatthisprimacyshouldhavenarrowedasothercountriesgrewricher.②Justasinevitably,theretreatfrompredominanceprovedpainful.③Bythemid-1980sAmericanshadfoundthemselvesatalossovertheirfadingindustrialcompetitiveness.④SomehugeAmericanindustries,suchasconsumerelectronics,hadshrunkorvanishedinthefaceofforeigncompetition.⑤By1987therewasonlyoneAmericanevisionmakerleft,Zenith.⑥(Nowthereisnone:ZenithwasboughtbySouthKorea’sLGElectronicsinJuly.)⑦（12）Foreign-madecarsandtextilesweresweeintothedomesticmarket.America’smachine-toolindustrywasontheropes.⑧Forawhileitlookedasthoughthemakingofsemiconductors,whichAmericahadinventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputerage,wasgoingtobethenextcasualty.①Allofthiscausedacrisisofconfidence.②Americansstoppedtakingprosperityfor③Theybegantobelievethattheirwayofngbusinesswasfailing,andthattheir eswouldthereforeshortlybegintofallaswell.④Themid-1980sbroughtoneinquiryafteranotherintothecausesofAmerica’sindustrialdecline.⑤Theirsometimessensationalfindingswerefilledwithwarningsaboutthegrowingcompetitionfromoverseas.①Howthingshavechanged!②In1995theUnitedStatescanlookbackonfiveyearsofsolidgrowthwhileJapanhasbeenstruggling.③（14）FewAmericansattributethissolelytosuchobviouscausesasadevalueddollarortheturningofthebusinesscycle.④Self-doubthasyieldedtoblindpride.⑤“Americanindustryhaschangeditsstructure,hasgoneonadiet,haslearnttobemorequick-witted,”accordingtoRichardCavanaugh,executivedeanofHarvard’sKennedySchoolofernment.⑥“ItmakesmeproudtobeanAmericanjusttoseehowourbusinessesareimprovingtheirproductivity,”saysStephenMooreoftheCatoInstitute,athink-inWashington,DC.⑦AndWilliamSahlmanoftheHarvardBusinessSchoolbelievesthatpeoplewilllookbackonthisperiodas“agoldenageofbusinessmanagementintheUnitedStates.［429［A］ithadmadepainstakingeffortstowardsthis［B］itsdomesticmarketwaseighttimeslargerthan［C］thewarhaddestroyedtheeconomiesofmostpotential［D］theunparalleledsizeofitsworkhadgivenanimpetustoitsThelossofU.S.predominanceintheworldeconomyinthe1980sismanifestedinthefactthattheAmerican.［A］TVindustryhadwithdrawntoitsdomestic［B］semiconductorindustryhadbeentakenoverbyforeign［C］machine-toolindustryhadcollapsedaftersuicidal［D］autoindustryhadlostpartofitsdomesticWhatcanbeinferredfromthe［A］Itishumannaturetoshiftbetweenself-doubtandblind［B］Intensecompetitionmaycontributetoeconomic［C］Therevivaloftheeconomydependsoninternational［D］AlonghistoryofsuccessmaypavethewayforfurtherTheauthorseemstobelievetherevivaloftheU.S.economyinthe1990scanbeattributedtothe.［A］turningofthebusiness ［B］restructuringof［C］improvedbusiness ［D］successinPassage①（15）Beingamanhasalwaysbeendangerous.②Thereareabout105malesbornforevery100females,butthisratiodropstonearbalanceattheageofmaturity,andamong70-year-oldstherearetwiceasmanywomenasmen.③Butthegreatuniversalofmalemortalityisbeingchanged.④Now,boybabiessurvivealmostaswellasgirlsdo.⑤Thismeansthat,forthefirsttime,therewillbeanexcessofboysinthosecrucialyearswhentheyaresearchingforamate.⑥Moreimportant,anotherchancefornaturalselectionhasbeenremoved.⑦Fiftyyearsago,thechanceofababy(particularlyaboybaby)survivingdependedonitsweight.Akilogramtoolightortooheavymeantalmostcertaindeath.⑧Todayitmakesalmostnodifference.Sincemuchofthevariationisduetogenes,onemoreagentofevolutionhasgone.①Thereisanotherwaytocommitevolutionarysuicide:stayalive,buthavefewer②Fewpeopleareasfertileasinthepast.③Exceptinsomereligiouscommunities,veryfewwomenhave15children.④Nowadaysthenumberofbirths,liketheageofdeath,has average.⑤Mostofushaveroughlythesamenumberofoffspring.⑥（16）Again,differencesbetweenpeopleandtheopportunityfornaturalselectiontotakeadvantageofithavediminished.⑦showswhatishappening.Thecountryofferswealthforafewinthegreatcitiesandpovertyfortheremainingtribalpeoples.⑧Thegrandmediocrityoftoday—everyonebeingthesameinsurvivalandnumberofoffspring—meansthatnaturalselectionhaslost80%ofitspowerinupper-middle-classcomparedtothetribes.Forus,thismeansthatevolutionisover;thebiologicalUtopiahasarrived.②Strangely,ithasinvolvedlittlephysicalchange.③Nootherspeciesfillssomanycesinnature.④Butinthepast100,000years—eventhepast100years—ourliveshavebeentransformedbutourbodieshave⑤（17）Wedidnotevolve,becausemachinesandsocietydiditforus.⑥D(zhuǎn)arwinhadaphrasetodescribethoseignorantofevolution:they“l(fā)ookatanorganicbeingasasavagelooksataship,asatsomethingwhollybeyondhiscomprehension.”⑦Nodoubtwewillremembera20thcenturywayoflifebeyondcomprehensionforitsugliness.ButhoweveramazedourdescendantsmaybeathowfarfromUtopiawewere,theywilllookjustlikeus.［406words］Whatusedtobethedangerinbeingamanaccordingtothefirst［A］Alackof ［B］Afierce［C］Alowersurvival ［D］AdefectiveWhatdoestheexampleof［A］Wealthypeopletendtohavefewerchildrenthanpoor［B］Naturalselectionhardlyworksamongtherichandthe［C］Themiddleclasspopulationis80%smallerthanthatofthe［D］isoneofthecountrieswithaveryhighbirthTheauthorarguesthatourbodieshavestoppedevolving［A］lifehasbeenimprovedbytechnological［B］thenumberoffemalebabieshasbeen［C］ourspecieshasreachedthehigheststageof［D］thedifferencebetweenwealthandpovertyisWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthe RatioChangesinHuman［B］WaysofContinuingMan’s［C］TheEvolutionaryFutureof［D］HumanEvolutionGoingPassage①（20）Whenanewmovementinartattainsacertainfashion,itisadvisabletofindoutwhatitsadvocatesareaimingat,for,howeverfarfetchedandunreasonabletheirprinciplesmayseemtoday,itispossiblethatinyearstocometheymayberegardedasnormal.②WithregardtoFuturistpoetry,however,thecaseisratherdifficult,forwhateverFuturistpoetrymaybe—evenadmittingthatthetheoryonwhichitisbasedmayberight—itcanhardlybeclassedasLiture.①This,inbrief,iswhattheFuturistsays:foracentury,pastconditionsoflifehavebeenconditionallyspeedingup,tillnowweliveinaworldofnoiseand andspeed.②Consequently,ourfeelings,thoughtsandemotionshaveundergoneacorrespondingchange.③（21）Thisspeedingupoflife,saystheFuturist,requiresanewformofexpression.④Wemustspeedupourli turetoo,ifwewanttointerpretmodernstress.⑤Wemustpouroutalargestreamofessentialwords,unhamperedbystops,orqualifyingadjectives,orfiniteverbs.⑥Insteadofdescribingsoundswemustmakeupwordsthatimitatethem;wemustusemanysizesoftypeanddifferentcoloredinksonthesamepage,andshortenorlengthenwordsatwill.①Certainlytheirdescriptionsofbattlesareconfused.②ButitisalittleupsettingtoreadintheexnatorynotesthatacertainlinedescribesafightbetweenaTurkishandaBulgarianofficeronabridgeoffwhichtheybothfallintotheriver—andthentofindthatthelineconsistsofthenoiseoftheirfallingandtheweightsoftheofficers:“Pluff!Pluff!Ahundredandeighty-five①（22）This,thoughitfulfillsthelawsandrequirementsofFuturistpoetry,canhardlybeclassedasLiture.②Allthesame,nothinkingmancanrefusetoaccepttheirfirstproposition:thatagreatchangeinouremotionallifecallsforachangeofexpression.③Thewholequestionisreallythis:haveweessentiallychanged?［334words］Thispassageis［A］asurveyofnewapproachesto［B］areviewofFuturist［C］aboutmeritsoftheFuturist［D］aboutlawsandrequirementsof Whenanovel ryideaappears,peopleshouldtry［A］determineits ［B］ignoreits［C］followthenew ［D］accepttheFuturistsclaimthatwe［A］increasetheproductionof ［B］usepoetrytorelievemodern［C］developnewmodesof［D］avoidusingadjectivesandTheauthorbelievesthatFuturistpoetry［A］basedonreasonable［B］newandacceptabletoordinary［C］indicativeofabasicchangeinhuman［D］moreofatransientphenomenonthanliPassage①（23）AimlessnesshashardlybeentypicalofthepostwarJapanwhoseproductivityandsocialharmonyaretheenvyoftheUnitedStatesandEurope.②ButincreasinglytheJapaneseareseeingadeclineofthetraditionalwork-moralvalues.③Tenyearsagoyoungpeoplewerehardworkingandsawtheirjobsastheirprimaryreasonforbeing,butnowJapanhaslargelyfulfilleditseconomicneeds,andyoungpeopledon’tknowwheretheyshouldgonext.①Thecomingofageofthepostwarbabyboomandanentryofwomenintothemale-dominatedjobmarkethavelimitedtheopportunitiesofteen-agerswhoarealreadyquestioningtheheavyalsacrificesinvolvedinclimbingJapan’srigidsocialladdertogoodschoolsandjobs.②Inarecentsurvey,itwasfoundthatonly24.5percentofJapanesestudentswerefullysatisfiedwithschoollife,comparedwith67.2percentofstudentsintheUnitedStates.③Inaddition,farmoreJapaneseworkersexpresseddissatisfactionwiththeirjobsthandidtheircounterpartsinthe10othercountriessurveyed.①Whileoftenpraisedbyforeignersforitsemphasisonthebasics,Japaneseeducationtendstostresstesttakingandmechanicallearningovercreativityandself-expression.②（25）“Thosethingsthatdonotshowupinthetestscores—ality,ability,courageorhumanity—arecompleyignored,”saysToshikiKaifu,chairmanoftherulingLiberalDemocraticParty’seducationcommittee.③“Frustrationagainstthiskindofthingleadskidstodropoutandrunwild.”④LastyearJapanexperienced2，125 sofschool ,including929assaultsonteachers.⑤Amidtheoutcry,manyconservativeleadersareseekingareturntotheprewaremphasisonmoraleducation.⑥LastyearMitsuoSetoyama,whowastheneducationminister,raisedeyebrowswhenhearguedthatliberalreformsintroducedbytheAmericanoccupationafterWorldWarIIhadweakenedthe“Japanesemoralityofrespectforparents.”①（26）ButthatmayhavemoretodowithJapaneselife-styles.②“InJapan,”saysYokoMuro,“it’sneveraquestionofwhetheryouenjoyyourjobandyourlife,butonlyhowmuchyoucanendure.”③Witheconomicgrowthhascomecentralization;fully76percentofJapan’s119millioncitizensliveincitieswherecommunityandtheextendedfamilyhavebeenabandonedinfavorofisolated,two-generationhouseholds.④UrbanJapanesehavelongenduredlengthycommutes(travelstoandfromwork)andcrowdedlivingconditions,butastheoldgroupandfamilyvaluesweaken,the fortisbeginningtol.⑤Inthepastdecade,theJapanesedivorcerate,whilestillwellbelowthatoftheUnitedStates,hasincreasedbymorethan50percent,andsuicideshaveincreasedbynearlyone-quarter.［447words］IntheWesterners’eyes,thepostwarJapan［A］underaimless ［B］apositive［C］arivaltothe ［D］ontheAccordingtotheauthor,whatmaychieflyberesponsibleforthemoraldeclineofJapanese［A］Women’sparticipationinsocialactivitiesis［B］Moreworkersaredissatisfiedwiththeir［C］Excessiveemphasishasbeencedonthe［D］Thelife-stylehasbeeninfluencedbyWesternWhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothe［A］Japaneseeducationispraisedforheltheyoungclimbthesocial［B］Japaneseeducationischaracterizedbymechanicallearningaswellas［C］Morestressshouldbecedonthecultivationof［D］DropoutleadstofrustrationagainsttestThechangeinJapaneselife-styleisrevealedinthefact［A］theyoungarelesstolerant fortsin［B］thedivorcerateinJapanexceedsthatinthe［C］theJapaneseenduremorethanever［D］theJapaneseappreciatetheirpresentPassage①（27）Ifambitionistobewellregarded,therewardsofambition—wealth,distinction,controloverone’sdestiny—mustbedeemedworthyofthesacrificesmadeonambition’sbehalf.②Ifthetraditionofambitionistohavevitality,itmustbewidelyshared;anditespeciallymustbehighlyregardedbypeoplewhoarethemselvesadmired,theeducatednotleastamongthem.③（28）Inanoddway,however,itistheeducatedwhohaveclaimedtohavegivenuponambitionasanideal.④Whatisoddisthattheyhaveperhapsmostbenefitedfromambition—ifnotalwaystheirownthenthatoftheirparentsandgrandparents.⑤Thereisaheavynoteofhypocrisyinthis,acaseofclosingthebarndoorafterthehorseshaveescaped—withtheeducatedthemselvesridingonthem.①Certainlypeopledonotseemlessinterestedinsuccessanditssignsnowthanformerly.②Summerhomes,Europeantravel,BMWs—thelocations,cenamesandnamebrandsmaychange,butsuchitemsdonotseemlessindemandtodaythanadecadeortwoyearsago.③（29）Whathashappenedisthatpeoplecannotconfessfullytotheirdreams,aseasilyandopenlyasoncetheycould,lesttheybethoughtpushing,acquisitiveandvulgar.④Instead,wearetreatedtofinehypocriticalspectacles,whichnowmorethaneverseeminamplesupply:thecriticofAmericanmaterialismwithaSouthamptonsummerhome;thepublisherofradicalbookswhotakeshismealsinthree-starrestaurants;thejournalistadvocatingparticipatorydemocracyinallphasesoflife,whoseownchildrenareenrolledinprivateschools.⑤Forsuchpeopleandmanymoreperhapsnotsoexceptional,theproperformulationis,“Succeedatallcostsbutavoidappearing①Theattacksonambitionaremanyandcomefromvariousangles;itspublicdefendersarefewandunimpressive,wheretheyarenotextremelyunattractive.②Asaresult,thesupportforambitionasahealthyimpulse,aqualitytobeadmiredandfixedinthemindoftheyoung,isprobablylowerthanithaseverbeenintheUnitedStates.③Thisdoesnotmeanthatambitionisatanend,thatpeoplenolongerfeelitsstirringsandpromptings,butonlythat,nolongeropenlyhonored,itislessopenlyprofessed.④Consequencesfollowfromthis,ofcourse,someofwhicharethatambitionisdrivenunderground,ormadesly.⑤Such,then,isthewaythingsstand:ontheleftangrycritics,ontherightstupidsupporters,andinthemiddle,asusual,themajorityofearnestpeopletryingtogetoninlife.［431words］Itisgenerallybelievedthatambitionmaybewellregarded［A］itsreturnswellcompensateforthe［B］itisrewardedwithmoney,fameand［C］itsgoalsarespiritualratherthan［D］itissharedbytherichandtheThelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthatit［A］customaryoftheeducatedtodiscardambitionin［B］toolatetocheckambitiononceithasbeenlet［C］dishonesttodenyambitionafterthefulfillmentofthe［D］impracticalfortheeducatedtoenjoybenefitsfromSomepeopledonotopenlyadmittheyhaveambition［A］theythinkofitas［B］theirpursuitsarenotfameor［C］ambitionisnotcloselyrelatedtomaterial［D］theydonotwanttoappeargreedyandFromthelastparagraphtheconclusioncanbedrawnthatambitionshouldbe［A］secretlyand ［B］openlyand［C］easilyand ［D］verballyandPartⅢEnglish-Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegments YourtranslationmustbewrittenneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(15ernmentsthroughouttheworldactontheassumptionthatthewelfareoftheirpeopledependslargelyontheeconomicstrengthandwealthofthecommunity.31）Undermodernconditions,thisrequiresvaryingmeasuresofcentralizedcontrolandhencethehelpofspecializedscientistssuchaseconomistsandoperationalresearchexperts.32）Furthermore,itisobviousthatthestrengthofacountry’seconomyisdirectlyboundupwiththeefficiencyofitsagricultureandindustry,andthatthisinturnrestsupontheeffortsofscientistsandtechnologistsofallkinds.Italsomeansthaternmentsareincreasinglycompelledtointerfereinthesesectorsinordertostepupproductionandensurethatitisutilizedtothebestadvantage.Forexample,theymayencourageresearchinvariousways,includingthesettingupoftheirownresearchcenters;theymayalterthestructureofeducation,orinterfereinordertoreducethewastageofnaturalresourcesortapresourceshithertounexploited;ortheymaycooperatedirectlyinthegrowingnumberofinternationalprojectsrelatedtoscience,economicsandindustry.Inanycase,allsuchareheavilydependentonscientificadviceandalsoscientificandtechnologicalmanpowerofall33）Owingtotheremarkabledevelopmentin munications,peopleeverywherearefeelingnewwantsandarebeingexposedtonewcustomsandideas,whileernmentsareoftendtointroducestillfurtherinnovationsforthereasonsgivenabove.Atthesametime,thenormalrateofsocialchangethroughouttheworldistakingceatavastlyacceleratedspeedcomparedwiththepast.Forexample,34）intheearlyindustrializedcountriesofEuropetheprocessofindustrialization—withallthefar-reachingchangesinsocialpatternsthatfollowed—wasspreadovernearlyacentury,whereasnowadaysadevelonationmayundergothesameprocessinadecadeorso.Allthishastheeffectofbuildingupunusualpressuresandtensionswithinthecommunityandconsequentlypresentsseriousproblemsfortheernmentsconcerned.35）Additionalsocialstressesmayalsooccurbecauseofthepopulationexplosionorproblemsarisingfrommassmigrationmovements—themselvesmaderelativelyeasynowadaysbymodernmeansoftransport.Asaresultofallthesefactors,ernmentsare ingincreasinglydependentonbiologistsandsocialscientistsfornningtheappropriateprogramsandputtingthemintoeffect.［390words］SectionⅣWriting(15Studythefollowingtwopicturescarefullyandwriteanessayofatleast150YouressaymustbewrittenneatlyonANSWERSHEETYouressayshouldmeettherequirementsbelow:1）Describethepictures.Deducethepurposeofthepainterofthe2000年英語試題答案PartⅠCloze1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 9. 10.PartⅡReadingPassage11.12.14.PassagePassagePassagePassagePartⅢEnglish-在現(xiàn)代條件下，這需要程度不同的集中控制措施，從而就需要獲得諸如經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和運籌學(xué)等領(lǐng)域的專家的協(xié)助。再者，顯而易見的是一個國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)實力與其工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率密切相關(guān)，而效率的提高則又有賴于各種科技人員的努力。大眾通訊的顯著發(fā)展使各地的人們不斷感到有新的需求，不斷接觸到新的習(xí)俗和思想。由于上述原因，常常得推出的革新。由于人口的猛增或人口的大量流動(現(xiàn)代交通工具使這種流動相對容易)造成的種種問題也會對社會造成新的壓力。SectionⅣWriting(15PartⅠClose一、文章總體分析本文是一篇短小的論證性文章，其是強(qiáng)調(diào)農(nóng)民余糧的必要性對①句進(jìn)行具體的解釋：即他必須大量的糧食。③④⑤從正面論述余糧的必要性：足農(nóng)業(yè)再生產(chǎn)等需要。⑥⑦⑧句論述沒有余糧的危害:不能自給自足，從論證余糧的必要性。二、試題具體解析\[Aotherthan不同于，除了……[Baswellas也，又（表示附加[C]insteadof而不是……（表選擇）[D]morethan比……（表比較）［快速解題］文章首句的含義是：一個農(nóng)民要想成功，就必須努力保持其消費和生產(chǎn)之間較大的差距。接著文章提到了兩種正好相反的做法，一種是storealargetyofgrain（大量的糧食，另一種是consumingallhisgrainimmediay（立即把他所有的糧食都消費完。顯然前一種做法是農(nóng)民可以成功的做法，因此空格處需要一個詞語來否定后面部分，而且其后能跟現(xiàn)在分詞。選項中，只有介詞短語inteadof符合要求，意為“他必須［篇章分析］①句為文章主旨句，內(nèi)容是“保持消費和生產(chǎn)之間的差距”。②句承接①句，具體闡述如何保持這個差距：大量的糧食。［空格設(shè)置］insteadof是連接性介詞，體現(xiàn)上下文語義上的邏輯關(guān)系。insteadof表選willstayathomeinsteadofgoingout.我將待在家里，不出門。其他連接性介詞還包括because，despie（，besides（［干擾項設(shè)置］其他項的短語都可用于連接前后并列的兩部分。otherthan常用于否定句中，實際上是對后面部分的肯定，如：Idon’tknowanyFrenchpeopleotherthanyou.除了你，我不認(rèn)識別的法國人。其他例句：Theeditorsaswellastheproofreadersareworkingovertime.編輯和校對者都在加班工作。Ilikehermorethanherhusband.我比較喜歡她，不太喜 [B]muchas盡管，雖然(表讓步[C]longbefore早在…以前(表時間) [D]eversince自從(表時間)［快速解題］考生需判斷空格前后部分之間的邏輯關(guān)系。顯然，heproducesasurplushecancontinuetosupporthimselfandhisfamilyonlyif引導(dǎo)條 ［篇章分析］②句提到農(nóng)民必須要糧食，③句進(jìn)一步解釋這樣做的目的：養(yǎng)活自己及家人。②句的storealargetyofgrain和③句的producesasurplus是近義復(fù)現(xiàn)，實［空格設(shè)置］onlyifonlyifif的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式，lightcomesonisthereanythingwrongwiththemachine.只要紅燈一亮，就表示機(jī)器出毛病了。supporttoprovideeverythingnecessary,esp.fromhisfirstmarriage.馬克得供養(yǎng)他第一次生的。Heturnedtocrimetosupporthisdrughabit.他為維持吸毒的惡習(xí)而走上的道路。二，根據(jù)上下文選詞。句中surplus為名詞，意為“過剩（量，剩余（額agriculturalsurpluses過剩的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。它和上文storealargety相呼應(yīng)。［干擾項設(shè)置］Muchassheneededthejobshehadtorefuse.雖然她非常需要這份工作，她只能。ShehadseenthefilmabroadlongbeforeitwasshowninBeijing.早在這部在上映之前，她就在國外看過了。Shehadbeenworryingeversincetheletterarrived.自從接到那封信后她就一直焦慮不安。3.[A]for為了，至于，對于，適用[B]against，靠著，相反，對…不利,預(yù)[Cof[D]towards向，朝，接近，有助+［快速解題］④句提到，農(nóng)民可以將余糧用于三種用途：asseed，asaninsuranceasacommoditytheunpredictableeffectsofbadweather搭配，做惡劣天氣影響的保障措施，能表達(dá)“預(yù)防”含義的介詞只有against。［篇章分析］③句和④⑤句是并列關(guān)系，共同支持②句的觀點：必須糧食。③句語inthreeways做狀語，冒號后三個并列的as...介詞結(jié)構(gòu)列舉了使用余糧的三種方式。 ［空格設(shè)置］against作為常用介詞，其含義和用法非常豐富。against意為 對…不利；倚靠；預(yù)防”，如thefightagainstevil；Theevidenceisagainsthim.對他不利；Putthepianoagainstthewall.把鋼琴緊靠著墻；precautionsagainstfire防火措insurance意為“（防備不測的）保障措施，安全保證”，如：Atthattimepeoplehadlargefamiliesasaninsuranceagainstsomechildrendying.那時人們養(yǎng)的很多，以防有孩子夭折。towardsdeath我們對的態(tài)度；Themoneywillgotowardsanewschoolbuilding.這筆4.[A]rece取代，替換；更新，更purchase+［快速解題］空格所在部分談到農(nóng)民把余糧作為商品（asacommodity的目的之一是：4odagrculturalimpements，空格處填入的動詞說明對“舊農(nóng)具”施加的動作。余糧不應(yīng)該是為了補(bǔ)充（suppement）或（purchase）舊農(nóng)具，更不可能是為了處置、安排（dispoe）舊農(nóng)具。只有rece表達(dá)的“用余糧換得的錢來買新農(nóng)具以更換舊農(nóng)具”符合邏輯。［篇章分析］commoditywhich引導(dǎo)的定語從句，具體說明余糧作為商品的用途：更換舊農(nóng)具及化肥。定語從句中，inorderto連接兩個并列的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)torece...and(to)obtain...做目的狀語。［空格設(shè)置］④句較長，其中嵌套了which引導(dǎo)的定語從句。rece一詞含義雖然簡單，但需要通過理解上下文意來解答。例句：torecemealswithsnacks不吃正餐，改吃點心；You’llbeexpectedtoreceanybrokenglasses.玻璃杯損壞，要負(fù)責(zé)賠償。例句：Theypurchasedthelandfor$1million.他們以100萬買下了這塊土地。adietofsb/sth可意為“處置，清除，銷毀”，如：Hedisposedofhisoldcar.他處理掉他的舊汽車。也指“解決，處理（問題、等；擊敗，殺死（5.[A]enhance提高，增強(qiáng)，增進(jìn)（效力、影響、價值等[B]mix（使）混合，融合；[C]feed供給必需品，喂養(yǎng)，飼[D]raise種植，飼養(yǎng)；撫養(yǎng)本題考核的知識點是：動詞詞義辨析。正確率［快速解題］空格部分談到農(nóng)民把余糧作為商品的另一目的：obtainchemicalfertilizersto5thesoilenhance從含義上看似乎符合上下文語義要求，但它通常與抽feedsoil搭配，feed為引申義，意為“給土壤增加養(yǎng)料”，符合文意。，養(yǎng)活”，如：Youcan’tfeedafamilyoffiveon$100aweek.你無法靠每周100的收入來養(yǎng)活一家五口。文中feed是比喻用法，需要根據(jù)上下文意理解。［干擾項設(shè)置］enhance在詞義上形成干擾，如：Healthenhancesbeauty.健康使人顯Oildoesnotmixwithwater.油不和水相溶。raisefeed構(gòu)成近義干擾，如：raisecorn/cattle種植玉米/養(yǎng)牛；Theyraisedher(as)aCatholic.他們把她培養(yǎng)成為天主。6.[A]vessels船，容器，導(dǎo)管，脈 [B]routes路，路[C]paths路，小路 [D]channels，管道本題考核的知識點是：固定搭配+名詞詞義辨析。正確率：57%［快速解題］irrigation（灌溉）routespaths，它們主要指空中或地面的道路。vessel可以指“導(dǎo)運體液的導(dǎo)管”，但一般是細(xì)小的管道，特別是脈管、血管。只有irrigationchannel可表示“灌溉水渠”。［篇章分析］⑤句和④句后半部分（asacommoditywhichhemust...）⑤句承接上文，繼續(xù)介紹余糧被當(dāng)作商品賣掉后的其他用途：（用賣余糧獲得的錢）建灌溉水渠或以其他方式來改進(jìn)農(nóng)場。⑤句中alo一詞表明了它與上文的并列邏輯關(guān)系。［空格設(shè)置］名詞的固定搭配也是知識運用的?？键c。channel視臺，頻道；途徑，；水渠，河槽，水道，航道，海峽”，如：Comintsmustbethroughtheproperchannels.必須通過正當(dāng)途徑進(jìn)行。drainagechannelsinthericefields稻田的排水溝。考生較熟悉的是它的前幾個義項，此處了它表示“水渠”的含義及與irrigation的搭配。［干擾項設(shè)置］channel一樣，都可以表示“路線、線路”，需要考生能辨如：ascenic/coastalroute景色優(yōu)美的/沿海的公路；anair/busroute飛行航線/路線，它也todom/success通向自由/成功的道路。vessel（盛液體的）容器；（人或動 [Cself-satisfied自滿的，自鳴得意的[Dself-restrained自我控制的，有節(jié)制的［快速解題］空格所在句子的含義：如果農(nóng)民沒了余糧（來周轉(zhuǎn)），就不能……。［A［C］和［D］都是描述人的心理特點的形容詞，不符合上下文意；只有［B］表達(dá)的“不能自給自足”符合邏輯，下文提到的“他只得變賣部分家產(chǎn)或……”進(jìn)一步說明了農(nóng)民不能自給自足的狀態(tài)。［篇章分析。⑥句是統(tǒng)領(lǐng)了⑦⑧句的總起句。［空格設(shè)置］此題實際上是通過考查復(fù)合形容詞來考查上下文的語義。self-sufficientself-sufficient意為“自給自足的，自立的”，如：Thecountryistotallyself-sufficientinfood［干擾項設(shè)置］selffarmers。例句：aself-confidentmanner自信的態(tài)度。Hehadaself-satisfiedsonhisface.他臉上掛著得意洋洋的笑容。herself-restraineds她克制的微笑。8.[A]search搜 [B]save，節(jié)[C]offer提供，出價 [D]seek尋求，尋找本題考核的知識點是：動詞詞義辨析。正確率：68%［快速解題］⑦句（如果農(nóng)民沒有生產(chǎn)剩余他必須變賣部分家產(chǎn)或以的形式…額外的。因此“?。╯ave外的”“供（ofer額外的給別人”都不符合文意。search作“找尋”講時，應(yīng)搭配介詞for。因此正確答案是seek，放入文中，為尋求的形獲的額”。［篇章分析］cannotbeself-sufficient：他或者需［空格設(shè)置］本題既考查了動詞與名詞（extrafundsintheformofloans）的搭配，又［干擾項設(shè)置］fundssearch干擾性較強(qiáng)，因此必須理解上下文并準(zhǔn)確掌握動詞用法，才能排除干擾。save可意為“節(jié)省”；offer可意為“提供，供給”；search意為“搜索，搜尋，搜查”，接表示地點的名詞做賓語，或用~forsth/sb，表示“找尋（/物如：searchedtheneforsurvivors搜查飛機(jī)尋找幸存者，Shesearchedinvainforherpassport.9.[A]proportion比例，比率，均 [C]rate比率，速度，等級 [D]ratio比率，對比，比值［快速解題］根據(jù)⑦句中的loans（）以及本句的borrowmoney，可以推測出9ofinterest應(yīng)表示利率。rateofinterestinterestrate意為“利率”，是固定搭配。［篇章分析］⑦⑧句是承接關(guān)系，⑦句提到農(nóng)民不能自足時，要去借貸，⑧句說明借貸時會遇到的。⑧句中borrowmoney與⑦句中extrafundsintheformofloans是近義復(fù)thebasicrateoftax基本稅額。文中用到的是第二個含義。theproportionofsthtosth（即事物或事物各部分之間在大2to1.水中氫和氧的比率是2∶1。10.[A]genuinely地，誠實 [B]obviously明顯[Cpresumably可能地，大概,推測起來[Dfrequently經(jīng)常地本［快速解題］空格處是but引導(dǎo)的轉(zhuǎn)折分句，前文提到農(nóng)民自然想獲得低利率，后半句轉(zhuǎn)折：但是這種低息并不…得到。四個選項中，首先排除genuiney，它在語義上不與obanable搭配。obvously表示的“明顯不可獲得”過于絕對，不符合邏輯。preumably一般做句子副詞單獨使用，不和其他形容詞連用。從意義上來看，只有［D］符合（frequently）可以得到”表示這樣的機(jī)會很少。［篇章分析］⑧句but連接的表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列句，thiskind即指上lowrateofinterest（低利率。［空格設(shè)置］本題通過考查副詞詞義，實際考查考生對上下文語義的理解，notfrequently與上文Naturallyhewill存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。［干擾項設(shè)置］其他項都是副詞，是根據(jù)中文含義設(shè)置的干擾。例句：Hegenuinelybelievesinwhathesells.他真地相信他賣的東西。Hewasobviouslydrunk.他顯然是喝醉了。Presumablythebadweatherhasdelayedtheflight.大概惡劣的天氣使飛機(jī)誤點了。三、全文翻譯農(nóng)想功必在和之努持大距他大。必須用下三種方來使用這些糧：留作，留作防惡天氣影響保障措施，及作為商品賣掉，來更換舊農(nóng)具和化肥給土壤施肥。他可能還需要錢來修建灌溉水渠，或其他方面善自己的場。如果沒余糧，農(nóng)就不能自自足他就只得賣部分家產(chǎn)通過尋額外的 。自然，他盡量爭取息 ，這種 不是經(jīng)能夠得到的。PartⅡReadingPassage一、詞匯注ata例：I’matalosswhattodonext.我對下一步做什么心里沒譜（損壞物例：Smallshopshavebeenacasualtyoftherecession.小商店在經(jīng)濟(jì)中深受其害3.［U］急救室，vi.*1.tograduallydisappear逐漸例：Herbeautyhasfadedalittle.美貌已有點失色。2.to eweakerphysically(身體)變得虛弱（尤指因此導(dǎo)致重病或）a1.2.熱烈贊揚(yáng)的，熱情洋溢的aglowingaccount/report熱情洋溢的敘述/*3.光明的，輝煌的；glowv.發(fā)熱，發(fā)光，發(fā)紅n.光亮，光輝vt.giveorbeadisadvantagetosb/sth（、某物設(shè)置不利條件;被施加不利條件例behandicappedbyalackofeducation因文化水平低而n.［C］1.（由于受到損壞而產(chǎn)生的身體或智力上的）殘障，殘疾*2.，不利條件例：Illicyisaserioushandicapinlife.不能讀寫是生活中的嚴(yán)重。3.（比賽或競賽中加給強(qiáng)手的）不利條件（以示公平）例：Shehadahandicapof7ingolf.她在球比賽中讓了7桿。onthe岌岌可危，即將，處于困 優(yōu)勢，主導(dǎo)地位；predominanta.占優(yōu)勢的；主要的；突出的quick-a.的，富于機(jī)智的；witn.智力，才智，智n./vi1［U（承諾的，（立場的aretreatfromhard-linepolicies放棄強(qiáng)硬政策*2.［C，U］amovementawayfromaceoranenemybecauseofdangerordefeat撤退，退卻，例：Napoleon’sretreatfromMoscow拿破侖從莫斯科的撤退3. （對某個環(huán)境的）逃避，躲避，隱Thenumberofstudentshasshrunkfrom120to70.學(xué)生人數(shù)已從120減70人。vi.（尤指因恐懼而）例：Iwillnotshrinkfrommyduties.我不會逃避責(zé)任。takeforgrantedtakeitforgranted（that…）認(rèn)為……是理所當(dāng)然*2.takesb/sthforgranted（因習(xí)以為ofcleanwaterforgranted.我們想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為潔凈水的供應(yīng)無窮無盡而不予以珍惜n.，思想yieldtostopresisting屈服，讓步例：Hereluctantlyyieldedtotheirdemands.他不情愿地屈從于他們的要求。*2.toberecedby被……取代例：Bargesyieldedtoroadvehiclesfortransportinggoods.在貨物方面，駁船讓位給了公路車輛。二、句式結(jié)構(gòu)分析1.A