Unit5+詞匯精講課件【知識精講精研+能力培優(yōu)提升】高中英語人教版（2019）必修第二冊

Wordsandexpressions1.classical[?kl?s?kl]:adj.古典(文藝)的;經(jīng)典的;傳統(tǒng)的

classicalmusic:古典音樂

aclassicalmovie:經(jīng)典影片classicadj.典型的；最優(yōu)秀的2.hip-hop[?h?ph?p]:n.嘻哈音樂;嘻哈文化

hip-hopmusic:嘻哈音樂3.techno

[?tekn??]:n.泰克諾音樂(一種節(jié)奏快,通常無歌聲相伴的音樂)詞源：來自technology(科技)的逆構(gòu)詞musicFolkmusic(民族音樂)Rock’n’roll(搖滾音樂)Classicalmusic(古典音樂)

Jazz(爵士樂)Choral(合唱)Countrymusic(鄉(xiāng)村音樂)

Rap(說唱音樂)Orchestra(管弦樂)_________adj.精力充沛的;積極的energetic

befullofenergy精力充沛havetheenergytodosth有精力做某事

1.Runningischeap,

easy

and

it’s

always

__________(energy).2.Heworkssohardthathedoesn’thavetheenergy_____________(exercise).energetictoexercise

adv.energetically4.energyn.能量;能源;精力

易混詞區(qū)別energystrengthpowerforce易混辨析：energy/strength/power/force指人的精力、活力或自然界的能源指“體力;力氣”;指“強項(s);長處”“力;力量”;指人或國家甚至是某個機構(gòu)的權(quán)力、勢力或影響力強制力量，暴力，武力等選詞填空:energy/strength/power/force1.Mattersofthiskindshouldbesolvedinapeacefulwayinsteadofbymeansof_________.2.Sheinterviewedsixwomenwhohadreachedpositionsofgreat_________andinfluence.3.Theabilitytokeepcalmisoneofhermany____________.4.SinceIstartedeatinghealthily.I’vegotmuchmore_______.forcepowerenergystrengths5.soul

[s??l]:

n.靈魂;心靈1)Thisclassicalmovietouchedmyheart/soul.

2)Wemustservethepeopleheartandsoul.6.bagpipes[?b?ɡpa?ps]:n.風(fēng)笛合成法：bag(袋子)+pipe(管子)：插在袋子上的管子——風(fēng)笛7.stringed

[?str??d]:adj.有弦的

string[str??]:n.弦;繩索;線

stringedinstrument:弦樂器Violinisastringedinstrument.8.virtual[?v??t?u?l]:adj.很接近的;事實上的;虛擬的

virtuallyadv.virtualworlds虛擬世界choir[?kwa??(r)]:n.合唱團

virtualchoir:虛擬合唱團virtue美德becomposedof由…組成____________vt.組成;創(chuàng)作

____________n.作曲者;作曲家composecomposerThe___________whichwas_________bythe________is_________ofmanymodernandclassicalelements(元素).(compose)positionn.成分;作品;作文=be

made

up

of

詞根詞綴：com-(一起)+pose(放置)：

放到一起——構(gòu)成10.opportunity

n.

機會；時機take/seize/grabanopportunity

todosth

cherishtheopportunity把握住/抓住/利用機會做...珍惜機會Youshouldtake_____ofthisopportunityandtrytomakeagoodimpressiononthem.A．care B．a(chǎn)dvantage C．charge D．placeBA關(guān)系、照顧；B利用；C掌管、負責(zé)；D代替；句意：你應(yīng)該利用這個機會盡量給他們留下好的印象。故B正確。(1)

performone’sduty

performanoperation/experiment

performwell/badly

(2)n.

表演者;演員n.

[C]表演;表現(xiàn);[U]執(zhí)行

表演節(jié)目academicperformance履職盡責(zé)做手術(shù)/實驗表現(xiàn)很好/很差performerperformance學(xué)習(xí)成績puton/giveaperformance

11.performvi.&vt.表演;履行;執(zhí)行 語段填空:①The_____________wonderful_______________madetheaudiencemoved.

(perform)②_________anoperationcallsfordevotionandcarefulness(perform)．③Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytogetpromoted,Henrydidhisbest__________(perform)hisduty.performers'performancesPerformingtoperform12.ordinary

adj.普通的；平凡的ordinarycommonusualgeneral（事）每天發(fā)生，平淡無奇（人）無特別之處，普通人（多指物）很常見，不稀奇常見、常聞和常做的事或舉動，強調(diào)慣常性普遍的，很少有例外情況，語氣強于commonintheordinaryoutoftheordinary一般地；通常地不尋常；出乎意料extraordinary

/?k?str??dnri/adj.不平常的，非凡的Toselectthebestvolunteers，youneedtotakeintoconsiderationtheirabilities,

experienceand___________performance.

Arrivingattheclinicfiveminutesaftertheduetimeisa(n)__________practiceinWesterncountries.Itisgoodbecauseitiswritteninfriendly,__________language.What’sthe___________ideaofPassageA?usualcommonordinarygeneral歸納拓展：beabletodosth.能夠做某事enablesb.todosth.

使某人能夠做某事Thenewtestshouldenabledoctors__________(detect)thediseaseearly.Sofarwehaven'tbeenable________(find)anything,butwe'restillresearching.你應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成早睡早起的習(xí)慣，這能使你保持精力充沛。我們的政府現(xiàn)在非常重視教育，這使許多人能夠接受更好的教育。todetecttofindYoushouldfosterahabitofsleepingearlyandgettingupearly,which

enablesyoutokeepenergetic.Ourgovernmentattachesmuchimportancetoeducationnow,which

enablesmanypeopletobewelleducated.13.enable

vt.

使能夠；使可能Shehasprovedherinnocencetous.Thefingerprintsontheknifeprovedhim(tobe)themurderer.ThisjustprovesthatIamright.Forthiscase,weneedmore

.provesthtosb向某人證明某事provesb/sth(tobe)+adj./n.證明某人或某事是······provethat...證明······14.provev.證明;展現(xiàn);證明是

n.證明;證據(jù)proof即學(xué)即練:1.JustgivemeachanceandI'llproveit______you.2.Canyouprove______youarenottellingalie?3.那個設(shè)計后來證明很成功。_________________________________________4.她證明了自己是一個誠實的人。________________________________________________________________________________to

thatSheprovedherself(tobe)anhonestgirl.Sheprovedthatshewasanhonestgirl.

Thedesignproved(tobe)verysuccessful/agreatsuccess.vt.授予①把某物授予某人

n.獎品②因······而贏得/得到/獲得獎品

win/receive/getanaward(of+money)forsth

③給某人頒獎

givesbanaward15.award1)Shewasawardedtheprize______thefilm.2)It'ssaidthatshereceivedanaward______1,000dollars?他因品行優(yōu)良被授予獎?wù)?。Amedal______________________________________________________awardsthtosb(forsth)awardsbsth(forsth)forofwasawardedtohimforhisgoodconduct.16.conduct

conductor傳導(dǎo);引導(dǎo);實施,執(zhí)行行為;實施導(dǎo)體,引導(dǎo)者conductionn.傳導(dǎo)，傳輸17.fallinlovewith...:愛上(強調(diào)動作)

beinlovewith...:愛上(強調(diào)狀態(tài))1)Hefellinlovewith

Mozart’sclassicalmusicwhenhesangfortheuniversitychoir.18.original

[??r?d??nl]:n.原件;原作

adj.原來的;獨創(chuàng)的;原作的

originally:adv.原來;起初

origin[??r?d??n]:n.起源;源頭;身世LegendhasitthattheoriginoftheDragonBoatFestivalistorecallthesoulofQuYuan.傳說端午節(jié)的起源是為了紀念屈原的靈魂。originatev.

起源；發(fā)源；創(chuàng)立；創(chuàng)建；發(fā)明19.phenomenon

[f??n?m?n?n]:(復(fù)數(shù)phenomena)現(xiàn)象

cultural/natural/socialphenomena：文化/自然/社會現(xiàn)象1)Sincethen,thevirtualchoirhasbecomeaworldwidephenomenon.2)Thepicturedescribesaverycommonphenomenoninoursociety.n.現(xiàn)象;奇跡;杰出人才phenomenaladj.非凡的，杰出的20.thus[e?s]:adv.如此;因此;所以;于是

so:conj.因此;所以

therefore[?ee?f??(r)]:

adv.

因此;所以1)Shewantstoenterakeyuniversity.Thus/Therefore,shestudiesharder

andharder.2)Hedoesn’tlivehere.Thus(,)Ithinkhehasparted(分開)withhiswife.3)Hedoesn’tlivehere,soIthinkhehaspartedwiththewoman.21.rap[r?p]:

n.快速敲擊;說唱音樂v.敲擊;(說唱歌中的)念白

knockon/at...:敲(門/窗等)

rapon...:敲...1)Ifellinlovewith

rapmusicwhenIwasateenager.2)Therewasasharprap

onthedoor.3)Sherappedangrilyonthedoor.4)Thekidsofthebandnotonlyrappedbutalsosang.becapableof(doing)sth

能夠做某事

1)She’sacapable/anable

teacher/doctor.2)Myfatherisastrong,capable

man.3)Thehumanbodyiscapableofdoingmanythings,suchasjumpinghigh,runningveryfast.22.capable(adj.)有能力的;有才能的=ablen.能力

capability[?ke?p??b?l?ti]=ability

incapableadj.沒有能力的=unable

1)toone’srelief

in/withrelief

asenseofrelief

解脫感2)relievevt.

減輕,緩和relievesbfrom/ofsth

relieveat因...感到寬慰

23.relief

n.(焦慮、痛苦的)減輕或消除;(不快過后的)寬慰或解脫令某人寬慰的是如釋重負,寬慰地解除某人的負擔(dān)Hearingthenews,Dellaburstintolaughter

relief.

ourrelief,mostchildrenhaveachancetogoodeducation.Thenewsecretarywillrelieveus

someofthepaperwork.in/withToof1)acurefor

治療或糾正......的藥物/方法2)curesb.ofsth.24.cure

v.治愈;治好(疾病);解決(問題)n.藥物;治療;治愈某人的疾病;矯正/改正某人的不良行為Thereisstillnocure______cancer.Aprettygirldoesnotcureaman___fever.forof知識拓展：accusesb

of

sth

控告某人犯某事remindsbofsth提醒某人做某事warnsbofsth警告某人某事robsbofsth搶劫某人某物

suspectsbofsth懷疑某人某事beabsorbedin(doing)sth

在句中作狀語、定語時,常用其過去分詞形式absorbedin......類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有:belostin...

陷入……;專心致志于……becaughtin...

被困在……beburiedin...

埋頭于……bedevotedto...

致力于……;專心于……concentrateon...:專心于...putone’sheartinto...:專心于...

focuson...:特別關(guān)注;聚焦于25.absorbedinsth/sb被……吸引住;專心致志專心致志做...previousto

先于；在……之前previously

adv.先前地；以往地單句語法填空：①Previous________this,she'dalwaysbeenwell.②Ihaven'tmethim____________(previous)．topreviously26.previousadj.先前的；以往的

_________v.雇傭;使用___________n.雇工;雇員___________n.雇主;老板_____________n.雇用;職業(yè);就業(yè)

hire/employsb.

雇傭某人

解雇某人employemployeeemployeremployment

employsb.assth.雇用某人當(dāng)…employsb.todosth.雇用某人做某事27.unemployedadj.失業(yè)的;待業(yè)的fire/dismisssb.

unemployment失業(yè)

interviewee被采訪者interviewer采訪者1.Thegovernmenthaspromisedtotakemeasurestohelpthe_____________

(employ).2.Thewomanwasemployed_________(watch)overtheoldduringhisabsence.3.Shehasbeenemployed___asecretaryinabigcompanyinShanghai.4.Itisafactbeyonddebatethatthe____________(employ)pressureofgraduatesisheavy.unemployedtowatch

asemployment即學(xué)即練:n.巨大影響強大作用、沖擊力impact28.impact

[??mp?kt]:

n.巨大影響;強大作用;沖擊力[?m'p?kt]:v.

有影響/作用;沖擊

haveanimpacton...:對…有影響

havean/noeffect/influenceon…:對…有/無效果(作用/影響)1)aimtodosth.

力爭做...;目的是...aimatdoingsth./beaimedat

瞄準；針對；目的在于2)takeaimat...

瞄準……withtheaimof

以...為目標;目的是achievetheaim/goal:

實現(xiàn)目標3)aimlessadj.無目的的

aimlesslyadv.

無目的地e.g.Trustme!I’mnotaimingatyou!29.aim

n.目的；目標

vi.&vt.力求達到；力爭做到；瞄準①Allourprojectsaim__________(promote)thedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities.②EarthDay,markedon22April,isanannualevent______(aim)toraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.③ShestartedtheLadybugFoundation,anorganization_______________(aim)atgettingridofhomelessness.④Janemoved_________(aimless)downthetree-linedstreet,notknowingwhereshewasheading.topromote

aiming

aiming/aimed

aimlessly30.setsth.up

安裝好（設(shè)備或機器）;設(shè)立；建立setdown記下；寫下setaside 把……放在一邊；省出;不顧setoff 出發(fā)；動身；使爆炸setout 出發(fā)；動身；著手做setaboutdoingsth.＝setouttodosth.開始做某事e.g.Anewgovernmentwassetup

afterthewar.31.equipment

[??kw?pm?nt]:n.設(shè)備;裝備(不可數(shù)名詞)

equip:v.(equipped--equipping)裝備;配備;使具備1)Theengineerhassetupalltheequipment.2)Lastmonthweboughtnewequipment

forthelabs.常用的不可數(shù)名詞有：advice,news,weather,climate,information,baggage/luggage,wealth,paper,work,homework,housework,paperwork,equipment,room/space(空間),grammar,evidence,fun,practice,wood,progress,furniture,cash,money,change(零錢。作為“變化”講時，有單復(fù)數(shù)。),

garbage/rubbish,cloth,clothing,ink,blood,bread,water,air,sweat,milk,tea,juice,beer,wine,rain,snow,ice,fog,soil,oil,silk,wool,sand,sugar,heat,coal,cheese,meat,rice,corn,wheat,corn,butter,soup,oxygen,gold,grass…,食物,糧食,金屬等。不可數(shù)名詞沒有單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)，前面不可加a/an,不可以給它們加s或者es。它們前面可以加:the,this,that,some,any,one’s,much,alittle,little,alotof=lotsof=plentyof,agood/greatdealof

...32.tryout(for...):參加…選拔/試演;測試;試驗

signupfor...:報名參加...1)Whocantryout

asaperformer?2)Lastmonthshetriedoutfor

theschoolfootballteam.3)I’malwayspleasedtotryoutanewteachingmethod.33.talent

n.天才；天資；天賦=gifthaveatalent/giftforbetalented/giftedin

有……的天資/天賦在……方面有才能Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemost_____(talent)individuals．[2019·北京卷]Hehadagift___________musicwhenhewasjust6yearsold,soweallconsiderhimtobea___________(talent)musician．talentedfortalented34.piano

[p?'?n??]:n.鋼琴(復(fù)數(shù)pianos)

pianist

[?p??n?st]:n.鋼琴彈奏者;鋼琴家1)John,youcanplaythepiano.2)WhenIwasyoung,

Idreamedofbecomingapianist.【play與樂器名詞連用時,樂器前要加

the】3)Canyouplaytheguitar/theviolin?1)assumesb/sthtobe+n./adj.

以為某人/某物是……

Itis/wasassumedthat...人們認為……2)assumingconj.

假如,假設(shè)……為真

assuming(that)...

假定……assumptionn.

假定,假設(shè)

ontheassumptionthat...

假定……,假設(shè)……35.assumevt.設(shè)想；假設(shè)；以為；承擔(dān)①Itisgenerally_______(assume)thatglobalwarmingandclimatechangecouldcauseevenmoredisastersinthefuture.②Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthorities______theassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors'centers.③__________(assume)thathisstoryistrue,whatshouldwedo?assumedonAssuming即學(xué)即練:inaddition

“另外”，相當(dāng)于副詞inadditionto

“除……以外(還有)”，用作介詞短語additionaladj.

附加的，另外的additionallyadv.

此外19.36.additionn.

添加;加法;增加物addv.

選詞填空(inaddition，inadditionto)①________theeducationalbackground,workexperienceisalsonecessaryforjobhunting.②Readingcanclearourmindsandmotivateus.____________，wecangainmoreknowledgethroughreadingandbroadenourhorizons.③Theblanketwillprovide__________warmthandcomfortinbed(addition)．InadditiontoInadditionadditional37.disease[d??zi?z]:n.(疾)病(常指具體的病)

illness:n.(身體或精神上的)疾病;病

sickness:n.疾病;惡心;嘔吐

mentalillness:精神病

heartdisease/touble/attack:心臟病1)Twoyearsago,IwastoldIhadaseriousdisease

whichwasdifficulttocure.2)Hesuffersfromarareblooddisease.38.ache

[e?k]:v./

n.疼痛

headache/stomachache/toothache:

頭痛/胃痛/牙痛1)MybodyachedallthetimeandthusIthoughtIdidn’thavemuchlongertolive.2)Everyboneinmybodyseemstoache.3)Itmakesmyheartachetoseesuchwaste.4)Shefelt/hadadullache(隱隱的痛)

inher

shoulder.39.treatment

[?tri:tm?nt]:

n.治療;療法;對待;處理

treat:v.治療;對待;款待

treat…as…:把…作為…對待1)Thenoneday,Ihadtogothrougha

two-hourmedicaltreatment.2)Thisnewcancertreatmentoffershopeto

manysufferers.3)Shetreatsherdogasachild.I'dliketotreatyoutodinnerthisSaturday.我想這個星期六請你吃晚飯。40.from(then)on:

從(那時)起

fromnowon:從現(xiàn)在起

fromlastyear/1978on:從去年/1978年起

【on可以改為onward/forward】1)ThesongmademefeelsomuchbetterthatfromthenonIbegantolistentomusicallthetime.2)Jackfailedhisexamslasttermandfromthenonhisparentsstoppedhimfromplayingcomputergames.3)Fromnowon

wewillstudyhard.41.lean

[li?n]:v.依靠;傾斜(leant[lent]/leaned)

leanon...:依靠;依賴

=depend/relyon...1)CanIleanmybikeagainstthewall?2)Shewalkedslowly,leaningonher

son’sarm.3)Heleansheavilyonhisfamily.Itisabeautifulmeat,veryleanandtender.這塊肉很好，又瘦又嫩。42.getthrough①I'vebeentryingtophoneCharlesallevening,buttheremustbesomethingwrongwiththenetwork;Ican'tseemtogetthrough.________②Luckily,thegapinthefencewasjustwideenoughforthesheeptogetthrough._____③Thelittleboygotthroughallhismoneyinjustoneweekandhadtoaskhismumforsomemore._____④Let'sstart—thereisalottogetthrough._____

打通電話

通過

用光

完成getacross被理解；使人了解getawaywith被放過；受到從輕發(fā)落getdownto著手認真做某事getover克服________v.使?jié)M意;使?jié)M足;滿足________adj.滿意的;滿足的________adj.令人滿意/滿足的satisfysatisfiedsatisfyingwithsatisfaction

滿足地;滿意地toone’ssatisfaction

使某人滿意的是besatisfiedwith/todo.......對...感到滿意常見搭配:42.satisfactionn.

滿足;滿意;欣慰