動名詞九大典型用法【基礎梳理+考點探究】高考英語語法專項突破 （ 含答案解析 ）

高考英語語法知識清單+強化訓練講義動名詞九大典型用法（解析版）講義目錄考點清單一、動名詞作主語典型用法考點清單二：只接doing作賓語的動詞歸納考點清單三：接todo/doing作賓語意義不同的動詞歸納考點清單四：常考含介詞to的動詞短語歸納考點清單六：部分動名詞主動形式表示被動意義考點清單七：動名詞復合結(jié)構(gòu)典型用法考點清單八：動名詞作表語和定語典型用法考點清單九：動名詞的復雜形式歸納分層訓練（一）高考真題分層訓練（二）模擬試題分層訓練（三）單句改錯分層訓練（四）句式升級（書面表達）分層訓練（五）語篇運用（外刊原創(chuàng)）分層訓練（六）好題快遞（最新模擬）考點清單一、動名詞作主語典型用法要點精講：1.動名詞直接作主語，如：Seeingisbelieving.百聞不如一見。2.It作形式主語，動名詞作真正主語，用于Itisnouse/goodcomplaining。抱怨無濟于事。3.Thereisnodoing…是固定句型，如：Thereisnodenyingthatcoffeeisnotforeveryone.不容否認的是咖啡并不適合每個人。【即時訓練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。1.__________(walk)isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.2.It’snogood_________(regret)yourpastmistakes.3.________________(expose)tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone'sskin.【答案與解析】1.Walking。動名詞短語直接作主語，泛指一種行為。故答案是Walking。2.regretting。Itisnouse/gooddoingsth。是固定句型，動名詞是真正主語。故答案是regretting。3.Beingexposed。首先語境需要動名詞短語作主語；beexposedtosth是固定詞組。故答案是Beingexposed。考點清單二：只接doing作賓語的動詞歸納諧音妙記：mecarfipsd霉咖啡不是的:mind/miss,enjoy/escape,consider,avoid/appreciate/advocate/allow,risk,finish/forbid/fancy,imagine,practise/postpone,suggest,delay?！炯磿r訓練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。4.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk_______(lose)thegoodopportunity.5.Sometimesstudentspostpone___________(do)theirhomeworkuntilthelastminute.【答案與解析】4.losing。riskdoing表示“冒險做某事”。故答案是losing。5.doing。postponedoing表示“推遲做某事”。故答案是doing?？键c清單三：接todo/doing作賓語意義不同的動詞歸納【妙記】frogshmt青蛙聰明：forget,remember/regret,goon,stop,can’thelp,mean,try。forgettodo忘記要去做某事（未做）forgetdoing忘記已經(jīng)做過某事（已做）remembertodo記得將要做某事（未做）rememberdoing記得已經(jīng)做過某事（已做）regrettodo遺憾去做某事（未做）regretdoing后悔做過某事（已做）goontodo繼續(xù)做另一件事（對象變了）goondoing繼續(xù)做正在做的事（對象不變）stoptodo停下來去做另一件事（對象變了）stopdoing停止做某事（對象不變）can’thelptodo不能幫助做某事can’thelpdoing情不自禁做某事meantodo打算做某事（未做）meandoing意味著做某事（解釋作用）trytodo努力做某事（不一定成功）trydoing嘗試做某事（強調(diào)嘗試和行動）【即時訓練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。6.(2020全國I)“Notthatway,”mymomtried_________(stop)mebutfailed.Shewasright.Itdidn’tturnoutasIhadwished.7.Iremembered_________(lock)thedoorbeforeIlefttheoffice,butforgottoturnoffthelights.8.Becauseofmyillness,Ican’thelp_________(do)housework.Seeingmymothertakinggoodcareofme,Ican’thelp________(cry).9.(2015陜西)AfterreceivingtheOscarforBestSupportingActress,AnneBenedictwenton_________(thank)allthepeoplewhohadhelpedinhercareer.【答案與解析】6.tostop。trytodo努力做某事；trydoing嘗試做某事。句意：“不是那樣做的，”媽媽試圖阻止我但是沒有攔住。她說對了。結(jié)果這道菜不是我原希望的那個樣子。故答案是tostop。7.tolock。remembertodo表示“記住去做某事”，和后面“忘記去關(guān)燈”呼應，故答案是tolock。故答案是tolock。8.(to)do;crying。can’thelp(to)do表示“不能幫助做某事”；can’thelpdoing表示“禁不住做某事”。故答案是(to)do;crying。9.tothank。繼續(xù)做另一件事（對象變了）；goondoing繼續(xù)做正在做的事（對象不變）。根據(jù)語境，AnneBenedict先接受獎項，接著感謝那些幫助過自己的人們，應用goontodo。故答案是tothank?？键c清單四：常考含介詞to的動詞短語歸納lookforwardto盼望某事getdownto著手beused/accustomedto習慣于stickto堅持payattentionto注意devote/commit/applyoneselfto致力于objectto反對beopposedto反對Whenitcomesto談到……【即時訓練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。10.Isn'tittimeyougotdownto___________(mark)thepapers?11.Thechildrenarelookingforwardto___________________(offer)Christmasgifts.12.Shehasdevotedallherlifeto__________(teach)thedisabledboy.【答案與解析】10.marking。getdowntodoing表示“著手做某事”，to是介詞。故答案是marking。11.beingoffered。lookforwardto盼望某事，to是介詞；結(jié)合語境應用被動形式。故答案是beingoffered。12.teaching。devoteoneselfto致力于，to是介詞。故答案是teaching?？键c清單五：?？际÷越樵~類動詞短語spend…(in)doing花費時間做某事；waste…(in)doing浪費時間做某事；bebusy/occupied(in)doing忙于做某事；prevent/stop…(from)doing阻止某人做某事；haveahardtime(in)doing做某事有困難；havedifficulty/trouble(in)doing做某事有困難；Thereisnopoint/sense(in)doing做……沒有用；Thereisnoharm(in)doing不妨做某事；havefun(in)doing做……開心。【即時訓練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。13.Havingbeenillinbedfornearlyamonth,hehadahardtime________(pass)theexam.14.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,childrenspentupto25hoursaweek______(watch)TV.15.Youcan’timaginewhatgreattroubleshehad__________(raise)thefourchildren.【答案與解析】13.passing。haveahardtime(in)doing做某事有困難，介詞in可以省略。故答案是passing。14.watching。spend…(in)doing花費時間做某事，介詞in可以省略。故答案是watching。15.raising。havetrouble(in)doing做某事有困難，介詞in可以省略。故答案是raising?？键c清單六：部分動名詞主動形式表示被動意義want/need/requiredoing=tobedone需要做某事；beworthdoing=beworthyofbeingdone值得做；deservedoing=deservetobedone值得做?！炯磿r訓練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。16.Aftertheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneed___________/_______________(repair).17.Thenewfilmyoureferredtothismorningdeserves__________(see)again.【答案與解析】16.repairing/toberepaired。want/need/requiredoing=tobedone需要做某事。故答案是repairing/toberepaired。17.seeing/tobeseen。deservedoing=deservetobedone值得做，動名詞主動形式表示被動意義。故答案是seeing?？键c清單七：動名詞復合結(jié)構(gòu)典型用法要點精講：1.標準用法:①名詞所有格+doing(如Jane’sdoing);如IinsistonMary'sgoingthere.我堅持要瑪麗到那兒去。②形容詞物主代詞+doing(如herdoing);作主語、表語或賓語。如Hicominghomelateworrieshisother.他來晚讓媽媽很擔憂。Ihadnotheardofyourbeingill.我沒聽說你病了。2.省略用法:名詞普通格+doing(Janedoing);賓格+doing作表語或賓語(medoing)。如：Thedoctordoesnotmindme/myeatingalittlemeatoccasionally.代夫并不反對我偶爾吃一點肉。Iinsistonbothofthemcomingintime.我堅持要他們兩人準時來。DoyourememberMaryandhermothercomingtoseeuslastyear?你還記得瑪麗和她媽媽去年來看我們嗎？【即時訓練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。18.DoyoumindJane_______________(leave)aloneathome?19.Sheneverdreamedofthere________(be)achanceforhertogoabroadforfurtherstudies.20._______________(湯姆拒絕)toaccepttheinvitationupsetme.【答案與解析】18.beingleft。leavesbalone把某人單獨留下；doyouminddoing…?是固定句型。故答案是beingleft。19.being。dreamofdoing夢想做某事；therebeing…這里作介詞賓語。故答案是being。20.Tom’srefusing。根據(jù)語境這里需要一個動名詞作主語，Tom’srefusing…構(gòu)成動名詞復合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語。故答案是Tom’srefusing?？键c清單八：動名詞作表語和定語典型用法要點精講：動名詞作表語時主語通常是對等的關(guān)系，主語、表語可互換位置。動名詞作定語往往表示被修飾詞的某種用途。Yourtaskiscleaningthewindows.=Cleaningthewindowsisyourtask.WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.=BeinglaughedatiswhatIhatemost.awalkingstick＝astickforwalking=astickwhichisusedforwalkingawashingmachine=amachineforwashing考點清單九：動名詞的復雜形式歸納動名詞的被動式、否定式和完成式（以動詞find為例）內(nèi)容主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)否定式一般式findingbeingfoundnotfinding完成式havingfoundhavingbeenfoundnothavingfound（一般式）Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?你介意我打開窗戶嗎？（完成式）Iapologizeforhavingbrokenmypromise.我沒有遵守諾言，我道歉。（被動式）Icouldnolongerstandbeingtreatedlikethat.我再也不能忍受被那樣對待。（完成被動式）ShewasproudofhavingbeentrainedintheU.K.在英國受過訓，她感到自豪。（否定式）Jack'snotgettingthestationontimemadeusworried.杰克沒有準時到達車站使我們很擔憂?！炯磿r訓練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。21.Theyinsistedon_____________(give)anotherchancetotry.22.__________________(injure)inthelegmadeitimpossibleformetowalkasfastasusual.23.---Theyarequiet,aren’tthey?---Yes.Theyareaccustomedto______________(talk)atmeals.24.Idon'tappreciate_________________(treat)asasecond-classcitizen.25.WhatIhatemostis________________(laughat)byothers.【答案與解析】21.beinggiven。insistondoing表示“堅持做某事”，結(jié)合語境應用被動形式。故答案是beinggiven。22.Beinginjured。首先語境需要動名詞短語作主語；beinjuredin…是固定詞組。故答案是Beinginjured。23.nottaking。beused/accustomedto習慣于；結(jié)合語境應用否定形式。故答案是nottaking。24.beingtreated。appreciatedoing…表示“感激做某事”，根據(jù)語境這里還是被動意義。故答案是。25.beinglaughed。結(jié)合語境空白處需要動名詞作表語，又是被動含義。故答案是。beinglaughed。分層訓練（一）高考真題用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空或單句改錯。1.(2022全國甲)Iwasunwillingtotalkwithhimandoftendisobeyedhisruleofnot___________(stay)outwithmyfriendstoolate.2.(2021全國甲)After____________(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhatbetterthantorideonapieceofhistory!3.(2021全國乙)Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthefollowingprinciples:Minimizetheimpactof____________(visit)theplace.4.(2020新高考)Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模擬)andimaginethemselveslivingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor____________(walk)througharainforest.5.(2019全國I)Scientistshaverespondedby________(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements.6.(2019全國II)A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for____________(be)Britain'soldestfull-timeemployee-stillworking40hoursaweek.7.(2018天津改編)Ididn'tmean___________(eat)anythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn’thelp__________(try)it.8.(2018全國I)Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlongtoseethebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof____________(die)earlybyrunning.9.(2018全國II)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid_________(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeelchallenged.10.(2018浙江)Istillremember_________(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandIwasshockedwhenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.【答案】1.staying2.spending3.visiting4.walking5.noting6.being7.toeat;trying8.dying9.looking10.visiting分層訓練（二）模擬試題用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。11.---WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?---________(lose)hernewbicycle.12.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed_____________(catch).13.Don’tforget_______________(post)theletterformewhenyoupassbythepostoffice.14.Attentionmustbepaidto_______________(develop)theeducationinthewest.15.Ifeellike__________(take)alongwalk.Wouldyoulike_________(go)withme?16.I’mconsidering_______(buy)aniPad,whichisconsidered___________(be)ausefultool.17.Hethinksthefilmisworth____________againbutIthinkitisn’tworthy________________(see).18.Sheusedto____________(be)shybutnowsheisusedto___________(speak)bravelyinpublic.19.Idon’tallow___________(smoke)hereandIdon’tallowmyfamily____________(smoke)atall.20.ChinahastakenstepstopreventChinesefishingboatsfrom______________(attack)intheSouthChinaSea.【答案】11.Losing12.beingcaught13.topost14.developing15.taking;togo16.buying;tobuy17.seeing;tobeseen18.be;speaking19.smoking;tosmoke20.beingattacked分層訓練（三）單句改錯下列各句均有一處錯誤，請指出并糾正。21.(2021全國甲)Theiranswersalsoshowthattheydisliketalktoothers.22.(2018全國I)Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbysellthefish.23.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstoppedrestonabigrock.24.I’llneverforgetbeleftinalonelyhousewhenIwassmall.25.Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term

rest.26.Thepresidentattendingthemeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.27.IstillremembertakentotheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.28.Jimcominglateagainthismorningmadehisheadteacherveryangry.29.Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore,hecangoshoppingwithoutrecognized.30.Understandyourownneedsandstylesofcommunicationisasimportantaslearningtoconveyyouraffectionandemotions.【答案】21.talk改為talking22.sell改為selling23.rest前加to24.be改為being25.rest改為resting26.president改為president’s27.taken前加being28.Jim改為Jim’s29.without后加being30.Understand改為Understanding分層訓練（四）句式升級書面表達升級：根據(jù)提示用動名詞翻譯下列各句。31.他受不了別人那樣開他的玩笑。(bear)32.這問題遠遠沒有解決。(far)33.不經(jīng)允許不要進來。(without)34.在動手術(shù)之前你不能吃任何東西。(operate)35.錯過這趟火車意味著再等兩小時。(mean)36.長時間看電視有損視力。(harm)37.

勤洗手是避免疾病傳染的有效方法之一。(infect)38.我們必須阻止他犯同樣的錯誤。(prevent)39.我已經(jīng)習慣在手機上看新聞了。(accustom)40.我很遺憾地說我所有的努力都白費了。(regret)【答案】31.Hecouldnotbearbeingmadefunoflikethat.32.Thisquestionisfarfrombeingsettled.33.Don’tcomeinwithoutbeingpermitted/permission.34.Youcan'teatanythingbeforebeingoperatedon.35.Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanothertwohours.36.WatchingTVforalongtimedoesharmtoone’seyes.37.Washinghandsregularlyisoneoftheeffectivewaystoavoidbeinginfectedbydiseases.38.Wemuststophimfrommakingthesamemistake.39.Ihavegotaccustomedtoreadingthenewsfrommycellphone.40.Iregrettosaythatallmyeffortswereinvain.分層訓練（五）語篇運用（外刊原創(chuàng)）熱點話題：劉畊宏健身背后故事體裁：說明文閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。EversincejoiningChina’sfitnesscraze,singerandcomposerLiuGenghong41(do)wellforhimselfintermsofhissocialmediafollowing.Inrecentnews,Liu’sworkoutlivestreamonDouyinhastakentheinternet42storm.DatashowsthathisDouyinaccounthasgainedmorethan10millionfollowersinthepastmonth.BestknownasthefatherofPuff(hisdaughter’snickname),43participatedinthevarietyshowWhereAreWeGoing,Dad?,thebuffcelebritymakeshisenthusiasmforfitnessknownby44(public)showinghismuscles.HeeventrainshiscelebrityfriendsJayChou.Inhislivestreams,Liuandhiswifeappear___45___(energy),friendly,happyandsuperfit.Theyexerciseanddancetoup-beatsongswhileexplainingandshowingtheirmoves,oftenencouragingthosetoparticipatefromtheirownlivingrooms.AlthoughLiu’sdancemoveslooksimple,theyareoftentoointenseforhisaudience46(follow).ThemainreasonforthisisLiu’scarefully47(choose)playlist:JayChousongsoftenserveashisbackgroundmusic.Oneofhismost-watchedfitnessroutinesissetto‘HerbalistManual’(《本草綱目》)fromJayChou’salbum.Onenetizenjoked.“Iwanttoslap(拍)mylegwheneverIhear48songnow.”Somenetizensadmitted49switchingtheirfitnessidolPamelaReiftoLiu,withsomeevencalling50(they)‘LiuGenghongboysorgirls.’【答案】41.hasdone42.by43.who44.publicly45.energetic46.tofollow47.chosen48.the49.switching50.themselves【導語】這是一篇新聞報道。報道了最近網(wǎng)絡上LiuGenghong非常火爆，很多人在屏幕前跟著他一起健身的新聞故事。41.hasdone?？疾闀r態(tài)。句意：自從帶起中國的健身熱潮以來，歌手兼作曲家LiuGenghong在社交媒體上俘獲大量粉絲。根據(jù)時間狀語Eversince可知，此處應用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)；主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，主謂一致，故填hasdone。42.by?？疾榻樵~。句意：在最近的新聞中，LiuGenghong在抖音上的健身直播火爆了全網(wǎng)。take...bystorm“使火爆，掀起一股……熱潮”為固定搭配。故填by。43.who?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。句意：LiuGenghong最出名的身份是——Puff(他女兒的昵稱)的父親，他參加了綜藝節(jié)目《爸爸去哪兒》，這位健美藝人通過公開展示肌肉來表達他對健身的熱情。分析可知，此處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Puff，關(guān)系代詞who引導從句，在從句中作主語，指代人。故填who。44.publicly?？疾楦痹~。句意：LiuGenghong最出名的身份是——Puff(他女兒的昵稱)的父親，他參加了綜藝節(jié)目《爸爸去哪兒》，這位健美藝人通過公開展示肌肉來表達他對健身的熱情。修飾非謂語動詞showing用副詞。故填publicly。45.energetic?？疾樾稳菰~。句意：在直播中，Liu和他的妻子顯得活力四射，友好快樂，超級健康。根據(jù)前文系動詞appear可知，此處用其形容詞作表語。故填energetic。46.考查非謂語動詞。句意：盡管他的跳躍動作看起來很簡單，但常常因強度大，導致網(wǎng)友跟不上。分析可知，此處為“主語+be+形容詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中不定式的主動形式表被動意義，其邏輯賓語為句子的主語。故填tofollow。47.tofollow。考查非謂語動詞。句意：主要原因是LiuGenghong精心選擇的播放列表：周杰倫的歌曲經(jīng)常作為他的背景音樂。此處為非謂語，動詞choose和后文名詞playlist之間是被動關(guān)系，故用其過去分詞作定語。故填chosen。48.the?？疾楣谠~。句意：現(xiàn)在我一聽到這首歌就想拍拍腿。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示特指，應用定冠詞the限定名詞song，特指上文所說的歌曲《本草綱目》。故填the。49.switching?？疾閯用~用法。admitdoing表示“承認做某事”。故答案是switching。50.themselves。考查反身代詞。句意：一些網(wǎng)友承認他們的健身偶像從PamelaReif轉(zhuǎn)向了Liu，有些人甚至稱自己為“LiuGenghong男孩或LiuGenghong女孩”。根據(jù)句意可知，動詞calling的動作對象是其邏輯主語some自身，故用其反身代詞作賓語。故填themselves。分層訓練（六）好題快遞一、閱讀理解C【2023屆四川省內(nèi)江市高三上學期零模英語試題】Famousforitstolerance(寬容)aswellasitsnarrowhousesandbroadcanals(運河),Amsterdamisundergoingachangeofattitudewhenitcomestothemillionsoftouriststhatcometoseeiteachyear.TolerancehasreacheditslimitsinthecapitalofDutch,whichisnowactivelyurgingvisitorstoheadelsewhere.EllenvanLoon,apartneratDutcharchitecturalfirmOMAsays,“Wedon’twanttoturnintoaVenice.WhiletourismearnstheDutcheconomyaround82billionEurosayear,theproblemwearecurrentlyfacingisthatAmsterdamissolovedbytourists,wejusthavesomanycomingtothecity.”Netherlandstouristofficialsrecentlytookthedecisiontostopadvertisingthecountryasatouristdestination.Their“Perspective2030”report,publishedearlierthisyear,statedthatthefocuswillnowbeon“destinationmanagement”ratherthan“destinationpromoting”.Thedocumentalsodescribesthecountry’sfuturestrategy,acknowledgingthatAmsterdam’slivabilitywillbeseverelyinfluencedby“visitoroverload”ifactionisn’ttaken.Solutions(解決辦法)listedincludeworkingtodiscouragegroupsofvisitorsbyeitherlimitingorcompletelyshuttingdownaccommodationandentertainmentproductsaimedatthem,aswellasspreadingvisitorstootherpartsoftheNetherlands.Someofthesemeasureshavealreadycomeintoplay.Lastyear,thefamous“IAmsterdam”signwasremovedfromoutsidetheRijksmuseum,thecity’smainartgallery.Thetwo-meterhighlettershavebeenmovedtovarious“l(fā)esser-knownneighborhoods”inordertoenticetravelerstoleavethecenterofthecity.Butwillthemeasuresbeingputinplacebeenoughtosaveitfrombeingdamagedbyitsownsuccess?Likemanyotherlocals,VanLoonfearsAmsterdamhaslostitsuniquenessforever.“Thereasontouristscomehereisthatthere’ssomethinginthecharacterofAmsterdamtheylove,”sheexplains.“Butatacertainpoint,whenthenumberoftouristsisincreasingandincreasing,theyactuallykillwhattheylovedinthefirstplace.”28.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2indicate?A.Amsterdamdoesn’tnecessarilycopyVenice.B.VenicedoesmorepoorlythanAmsterdam.C.AmsterdamismorepopularthanVenice.D.Veniceissufferingfromover-tourism.29.WhydidAmsterdamadvisevisitorstoheadelsewhere?A.Toavoidmuchspendingoncitymanagement.B.Toturnthefocusondestinationpromoting.C.Topromotethedevelopmentofotherareas.D.Toreduceitspressureofmassvisitors.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordenticeinparagraph4mean?A.Promise. B.Persuade. C.Inform. D.Allow.31.What’sVanLoon’sattitudetothemeasure?A.Skeptical. B.Intolerant. C.Ambiguous. D.Positive.【答案】28.D29.D30.B31.A【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述因為游客過多讓阿姆斯特丹面臨了很大的壓力，因此當局采取了相應的措施?！?8題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段“WhiletourismearnstheDutcheconomyaround82billionEurosayear,theproblemwearecurrentlyfacingisthatAmsterdamissolovedbytourists,wejusthavesomanycomingtothecity.(雖然旅游業(yè)每年為荷蘭經(jīng)濟帶來約820億歐元的收入，但我們目前面臨的問題是，阿姆斯特丹深受游客的喜愛，來這里的游客實在太多了)”，可知，雖然荷蘭每年從旅游業(yè)上給經(jīng)濟帶來了很大受益，但是卻又承受了因為游客多而帶來的問題。所以“Wedon’twanttoturnintoaVenice.(我們不想變成威尼斯)”，言外之意是威尼斯正遭受旅游過度之苦。故選D?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“WhiletourismearnstheDutcheconomyaround82billionEurosayear,theproblemwearecurrentlyfacingisthatAmsterdamissolovedbytourists,wejusthavesomanycomingtothecity.(雖然旅游業(yè)每年為荷蘭經(jīng)濟帶來約820億歐元收入，但我們目前面臨的問題是，阿姆斯特丹深受游客的喜愛，來這里的游客實在太多了)”和第三段“Their“Perspective2030”report,publishedearlierthisyear,statedthatthefocuswillnowbeon“destinationmanagement”ratherthan“destinationpromoting”.Thedocumentalsodescribesthecountry'sfuturestrategy,acknowledgingthatAmsterdam'slivabilitywillbeseverelyinfluencedby“visitoroverload”ifactionisn'ttaken.(他們今年早些時候發(fā)布的“2030年展望”報告指出，現(xiàn)在的重點將是“目的地管理”，而不是“目的地推廣”。該文件還描述了該國未來的戰(zhàn)略，承認如果不采取行動，阿姆斯特丹的宜居性將受到“游客超載”的嚴重影響)”，可知，因為游客過多導致阿姆斯特丹面臨了很多的壓力。因此當局建議游客去別的地方以減少大量游客的壓力。故選D?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“Lastyear,thefamous“IAmsterdam”signwasremovedfromoutsidetheRijksmuseum,thecity'smainartgallery.Thetwo-meterhighlettershavebeenmovedtovarious“l(fā)esser-knownneighborhoods”inordertoenticetravelerstoleavethecenterofthecity.(去年，著名的“IAmsterdam”標志被從該市主要美術(shù)館Rijksmuseum外拆除。這兩米高的字母已被轉(zhuǎn)移到各種“鮮為人知的社區(qū)”，以便entice游客離開市中心)”，結(jié)合本段主要講述阿姆斯特丹為了減輕過度旅游帶來的壓力的措施，可知這樣做的目的是為了說服游客離開市中心。因此可以推斷entice表示“說服”之意。Persuade“說服”符合題意。故選B。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butwillthemeasuresbeingputinplacebeenoughtosaveitfrombeingdamagedbyitsownsuccess?Likemanyotherlocals,VanLoonfearsAmsterdamhaslostitsuniquenessforever.“Thereasontouristscomehereisthatthere'ssomethinginthecharacterofAmsterdamtheylove,”sheexplains.(但是，正在實施的措施是否足以使其免受自身成功的損害？和許多其他當?shù)厝艘粯?，VanLoon擔心阿姆斯特丹永遠失去了它的獨特性。她解釋說：“游客來這里的原因是，他們喜歡阿姆斯特丹的特色?！?”，可知，VanLoon對此事表示擔心。因此對于這些措施他表示懷疑的態(tài)度。Skeptical“懷疑的”符合題意。故選A。D【2022屆湖南師范大學附屬中學高考適應性考試英語試卷】Gettingstitched(縫合)upbyDr.Robotmayonedaybereality.Scientistshavecreatedaroboticsystemwhichdidjustthatinlivinganimalswithoutarealdoctorpullingthestrings.Muchlikeengineersaredesigningself-drivingcars,themedicalresearchispartofamovetowardautonomoussurgicalrobots,removingthesurgeon’shandsfromcertaintasksthatamachinemightperformallbyitself.Doctorswouldn’tleavethebedsidethey’resupposedtowatch.Plusthey’dhandletherestofthesurgery.Insmalltestsusingpigs,theroboticarmperformedatleastaswell,andinsomecasesabitbetter,assomecompetingsurgeonsinstitchingtogetherintestinal(腸的)tissue.“Thepurposewasn’ttoreplacesurgeons,”saidDr.Kimwholedtheproject.“Ifyouhaveallintelligenttoolthatworkswithasurgeon,canitimprovetheoutcome?That’swhatwehavedone.”Ifyou’veheardaboutmachineslikethepopularDaVincisystem,youmightthinkrobotsalreadyareoperating.Notreally.Todaymanyhospitalsofferrobot-assistedsurgerywheresurgeonsusethemachineryastoolsthattheycontrolbyhandtooperatethroughtinyopeningsinthebody.Butrobot-assistedsurgeryhasbeencontroversial,assomestudieshaveshownitcanbringhighercostswithoutbetteroutcomes.Kim’steamatChildren’sSheikhZayedInstituteinventedthenewSTARsystem—itstandsforSmartTissueAutonomousRobot—workssortoflikeaprogrammablesewingmachine.Theyaddedsensorstohelpguideeachstitchandtellhowtightlytopull.Buttheapproachwasn’tperfect.Inthelivinganimals,therobottookmuchlongerandmadeafewstitchingmistakeswhilethesurgeonsewingbyhandmadenone.Kimsaidtherobotcanbespedup.Hehopestobeginhumanstudiesintwoorthreeyears.32.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewRoboticSystem B.ANew-styleWayofStitchingC.TheNewly-designedDriverlessVehicles D.RobotSurgeonsOneStepClosertoReality33.WhatwillsurgeonsdowhenDr.Robotisusedinsurgery?A.Theycanhelppullthestrings. B.Theyrestatthebedside.C.Theyjoininwhennecessary. D.Theyperformothersurgery.34.Whyaresomepeopleagainstusingrobotsinsurgery?A.Theycanbeoutofcontrol. B.Theytakelongertime.C.Theymaybeexpensivetouse. D.Theycausegreatpain.35.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Robotswilltaketheplaceofsurgeons. B.Robotswillbeimprovedbyscientists.C.Robotshaveperformedsurgeryonhumans. D.Robotsaredoingasgoodajobassurgeons.【答案】32.D33.C34.C35.B【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述的是機器人外科醫(yī)生離現(xiàn)實更近一步?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Gettingstitched(縫合)upbyDr.Robotmayonedaybereality.Scientistshavecreatedaroboticsystemwhichdidjustthatinlivinganimalswithoutarealdoctorpullingthestrings.(也許有一天，機器人醫(yī)生會幫你縫合傷口?？茖W家們已經(jīng)發(fā)明了一種機器人系統(tǒng)，它可以在活體動物身上做到這一點，而無需真正的醫(yī)生操縱)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文講述的是機器人外科醫(yī)生離現(xiàn)實更近一步。故D選項“機器人醫(yī)生離現(xiàn)實又近了一步”最符合文章標題。故選D。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段開頭“Doctorswouldn’tleavethebedsidethey’resupposedtowatch.Plusthey’dhandletherestofthesurgery.(醫(yī)生不愿離開他們應該看護的病床。而且他們會處理剩下的手術(shù))”和第三段中“Todaymanyhospitalsofferrobot-assistedsurgerywheresurgeonsusethemachineryastoolsthattheycontrolbyhandtooperatethroughtinyopeningsinthebody.(如今，許多醫(yī)院都提供機器人輔助手術(shù)，外科醫(yī)生使用機器作為工具，通過身體上的微小開口進行手工控制)”可知，醫(yī)生在手術(shù)中會在必要時參與機器人的手術(shù)過程。故選C?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Butrobot-assistedsurgeryhasbeencontroversial,assomestudieshaveshownitcanbringhighercostswithoutbetteroutcomes.(但機器人輔助手術(shù)一直是有爭議的，因為一些研究表明，如果沒有更好的結(jié)果，它可以帶來更高的成本)”可知，有些人反對在手術(shù)中使用機器人可能是因為使用機器人可能很昂貴，而結(jié)果并沒有更好。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Inthelivinganimals,therobottookmuchlongerandmadeafewstitchingmistakeswhilethesurgeonsewingbyhandmadenone.Kimsaidtherobotcanbespedup.Hehopestobeginhumanstudiesintwoorthreeyears.(在活體動物身上，機器人花費的時間要長得多，而且還會出現(xiàn)幾處縫合錯誤，而外科醫(yī)生的手工縫合卻沒有任何錯誤。金說，機器人使用可以被加速。他希望在兩到三年內(nèi)開始人體研究)”可知，機器人醫(yī)生已經(jīng)在動物身上實驗過了，存在一些問題，接下來會在人類身上實驗，推測科學家未來會改進機器人。故選B。二、七選五【2023屆四川省內(nèi)江市高三上學期零模英語試題】Sometimesit’shardtofindtimetoexercise.Butinfact,whetheryou’reontheroad,atwork,orathome,youcanalwaysfindafewmorewaystoworkout.___36___Justtrainyourselftofindwaystofitinalittlefitness,andyou’llsoongaintherewards.___37___Whenyougotothestore,parkfarawayfromthedoorsoyoucanenjoyanicewalkonyourwaytotheshop.Whileyou’reshopping,lookforwaystoturnitintoaquickworkout.Ifyou’reshoppingonyourown,avoiddependingonyourcart,andtrytokeepyourpaceup.Anytimeyoufindyourselfwithsomethingheavyinyourhands,liftit.Thisworkswithcannedfood,grocerybags,backpacks,andanythingtheleastbitheavy.___38___Ifyouprefer,raiseyourarmoveryourheadandloweryourhandbehindyourheadrepeatedly.Playingwithkidsandpetsisalsoagreatwaytogetaworkout.Thesamegoesfordancing,skating,andgamesliketennis,pingpong,basketball,andsoftball.___39___Jointhem!You’llgetasurprisingworkoutandhavealotoffunatthesametime.___40___Youcandosuchmovingacrosstheroom.Ifyou’renearawall,tryawallsitwithyourbackpressedagainstthewallandyourlegsbent.Stayinthatpositionaslongasyoucan.Dothiseverydayandyou’lldeveloprealstrength.A.Whenyou’reseatedduringlongjourney,whynotstandup?B.Thebiggestchangeyouhavetomakeisinyourattitude．C.Ifyourkidsliketoplaygames,don’tjustsitandwatch．D.Whenyouhaveasparemoment,whynotdoleglifts?E.Asyougoaboutyourday,lookforchancestowalk.F.Themainproblemisthatyouhavenofreetime．G.Ifitiseasy,thendosomemore．【答案】36.B37.E38.G39.C40.D【分析】本文為說明文。文章介紹了擠出時間參加鍛煉的幾種方法。【36題詳解】上文“Sometimesit’shardtofindtimetoexercise.Butinfact,whetheryou’reontheroad,atwork,orathome,youcanalwaysfindafewmorewaystoworkout.”是兩個對比的觀點：有時候難以找到鍛煉時間，而實際上不管在干什么，總是能找到鍛煉的方法?？梢婈P(guān)鍵在于態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變。因此推斷B項“你必須做出最大改變的是你的態(tài)度?！狈险Z境，故選B項?！?7題詳解】下文“Whenyougotothestore,parkfarawayfromthedoorsoyoucanenjoyanicewalkonyourwaytotheshop.Whileyou’reshopping,lookforwaystoturnitintoaquickworkout.Ifyou’reshoppingonyourown,avoiddependingonyourcart,andtrytokeepyourpaceup.(當你去商店的時候，把車停在離門很遠的地方，這樣你就可以在去商店的路上好好散步了。當你購物的時候，尋找把它變成快速鍛煉的方法。如果你自己購物，避免依賴你的手推車，并努力保持你的步伐。)”介紹了如何尋找機會步行鍛煉，E項“當你每天四處走動時，找機會散步”中的walk“步行”在該段中多次出現(xiàn)。故選E項?！?8題詳解】上文“Anytimeyoufindyourselfwithsomethingheavyinyourhands,liftit.Thisworkswithcannedfood,grocerybags,backpacks,andanythingtheleastbitheavy.(當你發(fā)現(xiàn)手里有什么東西很重的時候，把它舉起來。這適用于罐裝食品、購物袋、背包和任何稍微重一點的東西。)”說明可以利用手中較重的東西來鍛煉，G項中的it指代此處說的“利用手中的重物鍛煉”，下文“Ifyouprefer,raiseyourarmoveryourheadandloweryourhandbehindyourheadrepeatedly.(如果你愿意，舉起你的手臂在你的頭上，把你的手放在你的頭后面。)”是在把重物舉起來后的進一步的鍛煉，G項“如果很容易，那就多做一些”中的“dosomemore”引出下文。故選G項?！?9題詳解】下文“Jointhem!You’llgetasurprisingworkoutandhavealotoffunatthesametime.（加入他們！你會得到一個令人驚訝的鍛煉，同時有很多樂趣。）”中談到要“要參與他們”,這與C項“如果你的孩子喜歡玩游戲，不要只是坐著看?！北磉_一致，且上文“Playingwithkidsandpets”提到的就是與孩子們玩耍。故選C項。【40題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Youcandosuchmovingacrosstheroom.Ifyou’renearawall,tryawallsitwithyourbackpressedagainstthewallandyourlegsbent.(你可以這樣穿過房間。如果你靠近一堵墻，試著用你的背壓在墻上，你的