2019版高考英語閱讀理解一輪提升選練(15)(含解析)

2019版高考英語閱讀理解一輪提高選練（15）李仕才A(2017·河南洛陽高三第一次統(tǒng)考)Allovertheworldmothersandfathersteachtheirchildrenmanners.Otherchildrenmayhavemannersthatarenotlikeyours.Thereareallkindsofmanners.Manyyearsago，childrenwhohadgoodmannerswereseenandnotheard.Theykeptquitequietifgrown-upsweretalking.Today,well-manneredchildrenhavemorefreedom.Sometimesgoodmannersinoneplacearebadmannersinotherplaces.Supposeyoukindofmannersdotheywantyoutohave?Theywantyoutogivealoud“burp(打嗝)”countries,ifyougivealoudburp,youaretoldtosay“Excuseme,please.”Inmanyplacespeopleliketoeattogether.ButinsomepartsofPolynesiaitisbadmannerstobeseeneatingatall.Peopleshowgoodmannersbyturningtheirbacksonotherswhiletheyeat.WhataremannerslikeinanEastAfricantown?Thepeopletrynottoseeyou.Theyarebeingpolite.Youmayseeafriend.Hemaynotseeyouatall.Ifyouarepolite,youwillsitdownbesidehim.Youwillwaituntilhefinisheswhatshouldwalkbehindtheothertentsuntilyoucometohistent.Ifyoupassinfrontoftheothertents，youwillbeaskedintoeachone.Thepeoplewillaskyoutoeatwiththem.Anditisbadmannersifyousayno.Mannersaredifferentallovertheworld.Butitisgoodtoknowthatallmannersbegininthesameway.Peopleneedwaystoshowthattheywanttobefriends.1．Howdidpolitechildrenbehavemanyyearsago?A．Bylookingintoadults’eyeswhiletalking.B．Bykeepingsilentwhileadultsweretalking.C．Byslippingintothehousewithoutbeingheard.D．Bynotopeningtheirmouthsuntilspokento.2．WhichcustomshouldwefollowinordertolookwellA．Saying“Excuseme”onburpinginMongolia.B．InvitinggueststodinnertogetherinPolynesia.

-mannered?C．TalkingwithafriendbeforehecompletesthingsinEastAfrica.D．AcceptinganeatinginvitationinArabia.3．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Hearmuch，speaklittle.B．Loveme，lovemydog.C．WheninRomedoastheRomansdo.D．Dowhatyououghttoandcomewhatcan.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了世界上一些地方的禮儀。1．B分析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段的第二句可知，過去，在大人們說話時，少兒保持緘默是一種禮貌的行為。2．D分析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段的最后兩句可知，接受阿拉伯人一同吃飯的邀請是禮貌的行為。3．C分析：推理判斷題。依據(jù)全文內(nèi)容特別是最后一段的第一句可推知，禮儀因地區(qū)而各有不一樣，所以最好的做法是入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。B(2015·河北七校高三聯(lián)考)Itwassomethingshehaddreamedofsinceshewasfive.Finally，afteryearsoftrainingandintensiveworkouts，DeborahDuffeywasgoingtocompeteinherfirsthighschoolbasketballgame.ThegoalsofbecominganoutstandingplayerandplayingcollegeballwereneverfarfromDeborah’smind.ThegamewasagainstMillsHighSchool.With1minuteand42secondsleftinthegame，Deborah’steamledbyonepoint.AplayerofMillshadpossessionoftheball，andDeborahrantoguardagainsther.AsDeborahwasrunningtoblocktheplayer，herkneewentoutandshefelldownonthecourtinburningpain.Justlikethat，Deborah’sseasonwasover.Aftersufferingthebadinjury，Deborahfoundthat，forthefirsttimeinherlife，shewasinasituationbeyondhercontrol.Gameaftergame，shecoulddonothingbutsitonthesidelineswatchingothersplaythegamethatshelovedsomuch.2InjurieslimitedDeborah’stimeonthecourtasshehurtherkneesthreemoretimesinthenextfiveyears.Shehadtospendcountlesshoursinaphysicalclinictoreceivetreatment.Herfrequentvisitstheregaveherapassionandrespectfortheprofession.AndDeborahbegantoseeanewlightinherlife.Currentlyasaseniorincollege，Deborahfocusesongettingadegreeinphysicaltreatment.Aftershegraduateshowtobesttakecareoftheirsherememberssowell.

Deborahplanstouseherknowledgetoeducatepeoplebodiesandcope_withthefeelingsofhopelessnessthat1．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．APainfulMistakeB．GreatAdventureC．ALifelongPunishmentD．ANewDirectioninLife2．HowdidDeborahfeelwhenshefirsthurtherknee?A．Calm.B．Confused.C．Ashamed.D．Disappointed.3．WhatisTRUEaboutDeborahDuffey?A．Shedidn’tplayonthecourtaftertheinjury.B．Sheinjuredherkneewhenshewastryingtoblockaplayer.C．Sheknewthatshecouldn’tbeabasketballplayerwhenshewasachild.D．Sherefusedtoseekprofessionalassistancetohelpherrecoverfromherinjuries.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“copewith”inthelastparagraphmostlikelymean?A．Putupwith.B．Getalongwith.C．Dealwith.D．Comeupwith.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了DeborahDuffey是怎樣從籃球競賽的受傷中獲取重生的。1．分析：選D。標(biāo)題概括題。依據(jù)文章最后一段可知，DeborahDuffey此刻正在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)物理療法，畢業(yè)后，她打算利用所學(xué)知識教育人們怎樣照料身體和辦理無助的感覺，即Deborah找到了人生新的方向，應(yīng)選D項。2．分析：選D。推理判斷題。依據(jù)第三段中的“shewasinasituationbeyondhercontrol.Gameaftergame，shecoulddonothingbut...lovedsomuch”可推知，Deborah對自己當(dāng)前的狀況感覺絕望，應(yīng)選D項。3．分析：選B。正誤判斷題。依據(jù)第二段中的“AsDeborahwasrunningtoblocktheplayer，herkneewentoutandshefelldownonthecourtinburningpain”可知，Deborah在攔截一個球員時，膝蓋受傷了，應(yīng)選B項。4．分析：選C。詞義猜想題。依據(jù)文章最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，DeborahDuffey此刻正在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)物理療法，畢業(yè)后，她打算利用所學(xué)的知識教育人們怎樣照料身體和辦理無助的感覺，dealwith“辦理”，應(yīng)選C項。C【2016模擬試題】閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最正確選項。4WinterVineckibeganrunningatagefive,butgotseriousin2015afterherfatherdiedofcancer—that’swhenshedecidedtohonorhismemorybyrunningamarathononeverycontinentbeforeher15thbirthday.Scope:TeamWinterisanorganizationyoufoundedtoraisemoneyforcancerresearch.Howdiditgetstarted?Winter:Atfirst,TeamWinterwasformedtofightchildhoodobesity.WhenIwas8,Iranaraceandraised$1,100forthatcause.Butlessthanayearlater,mydadgotcancer.IknewIhadtodosomethingtohelp.WhenIstarted,mygoalwastoraise$10,000.I’veraisedwellpastthat—almost$500,000.Scope:Whatgoesthroughyourmindwhenyourun?Winter:WhenI’mhavingahardtimeduringarace,Ithinkaboutmydad.Ifhecoulddealwiththepainofcancer,Icandealwithanytypeofpain.Hewasaveryfriendlyperson.Hewasalwayssmilingandveryhappyevenwhenhehadcancer.Scope:Isyourageeveranobstacleinyourraces?Winter:I’vebeenturneddownbyracedirectorswhowon’tletanyoneyoungerthan16or18compete.ButDianaNyad,thefirstpersontoswimfromCubatoFloridawithoutasharkcage,toldme,“Neverletthemtellyouitcan’tbedone.”FromthenonIknewmyagewasn’ttheproblem.Scope:You’veprobablyinspiredlotsofpeopletoo.Winter:I’veheardaboutkidsdoingprojectslikeme.Onceinarestaurant,aboycameuptomymomandmeandtoldushisdadhadcancertoo.Nowhe’scompetinginrunningforhisdad.Hearingstorieslikethathelpskeepmegoing.1.WhatdoweknowaboutTeamWinter?A.Italwaysholdsdifferentraces.B.Itsfinalgoalistoraise$500,000.C.ItwasnamedafterWinter’sfather.D.Itwastohelpobesechildrenatfirst.2.WhenWinterhasahardtimeduringarace,whatkeepshergoing?A.Herfather’sillness.B.Herfather’ssuccess.C.Herfather’sbravery.D.Herfather’skindness.3.Winter’swordsinthelastparagraphtellusthat_____.5A.shesetsagoodexampleforothersB.shehopesotherswilldowhatshedoes(個人狀況)本文是應(yīng)用文。文章是對15歲馬拉松選手WinterVinecki的訪談。1.D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一部分問答的Atfirst,TeamWinterwasformedtofightchildhoodobesity可知，Winter創(chuàng)立TeamWinter的最先目的是為肥胖少兒籌集善款。2.C。推理判斷題。依據(jù)第二部分問答可知，假如Winter在競賽中碰到困難，她會想到父親老是淺笑地面對病痛。故正是父親在病痛眼前表現(xiàn)出的英勇讓W(xué)inter在窘境中持續(xù)行進(jìn)。3.A。推理判斷題。從最后一部分問答的kidsdoingprojectslikeme以及男孩為幫助父親參加競賽的行為可知，Winter為別人建立了優(yōu)秀的楷模。D(2015·濰坊一模)Canyouimagineaworldwithoutchocolate?It’snotsomethingI’dliketodo，soIwasrelievedtoreadthatthere’sauniversitywithaprogrammetosafeguardthefutureofchocolate!TheUniversityofReading，inEngland，hasjustopenedanewclearinghouseforalltheworld’snewcocoavarieties.Theymustbequarantined(推行檢疫)beforetheycanbegrown.Why?Cocoaproductionhitarecordhighof4.4milliontonslastyearbutabout30%ofthepreciouscropisregularlylosttopestsanddiseases.Nowwedon’twantthat，dowe?Demandforchocolatehasbeenincreasingfasterthantheworldsupplyofcocoaandresearchersthinkthatnewvarietiesarekeytosolvingthisproblem.TheUniversityofReadinghasbeenprotectingthequalityofthenewcropsince61985，afterittookoverthetaskfromtheRoyalBotanicalGardensinKew，’scocoaproject，ProfessorPaulHadley，says，“Oneofthemainissuesconcerningcocoaimprovementisthesupplyofreliablyclean，healthy，interestingcocoamaterial.”Thecocoacentrehasacollectionof400plantvarietiesandtheirgreenhouseusesalotofenergytokeepthemintropicalconditions.Afteruptotwoyearsinquarantine，cleanandsafeseedsaresenttosome20countries，includingseveralinWestAfrica.That’swhere75%ofthecocoausedforchocolateworldwidecomesfrom.Thecropisextremelyimportantforthelocaleconomy：itemploysabouttwomillionpeople.ProfessorPaulHadleysaysheworkswithasmallteamofskilledtechnicianswholookafterthecollection.Andmoreofusseemtocountonthemnow.Thescientistsays，“Thereissomeconcernwithintheindustrythatdemandisincreasingconstantly，particularlyincountrieslikeChina，wherethestandardoflivingisincreasingandpeoplearegettingatastefordifferentchocolates.”1．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Safeguardingcocoaseeds.B．Plantingcocoaseedsworldwide.C．Keepingcocoaseedsingreenhouse.D．Findingthenewmarketforcocoa.2．Theinstitution’scocoaprojectisto________．A．havecocoaskinremoved7B．offermorejobstopeopleC．ensurethequalityofcocoaD．supplycocoafortwomillionpeople3．Whatdoesthelastparagraphtellus?A．Thetasteofchocolatesischanging.B．Demandforcocoaisincreasingcontinually.C．Peopleareconcernedaboutcocoavarieties.D．Chinesehavealonghistoryofeatingchocolates.4．What’sthepurposeofthetext?A．Toeducate.B．Toadvertise.C．Towarn.D．Toinform.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了英國一項保護可可種子的項目。1．分析：選A。要旨粗心題。依據(jù)第一段的第二句“It’snotsomethingI’dliketodo，soIwasrelievedtoreadthatthere’sauniversitywithaprogrammetosafeguardthefutureofchocolate！”及第五段中的“cleanandsafeseeds”可知，本文主要講的是英國保護可可種子的項目，即A項正確。2．分析：選C。推理判斷題。依據(jù)第四段的最后一句“Theleaderoftheinstitution’scocoaproject，ProfessorPaulHadley，says，‘Oneofthemainissuesconcerningcocoaimprovementisthesupplyofreliablyclean，healthy，interestingcocoamaterial.’”可知，這個機構(gòu)是要保證可可粉的質(zhì)量，即C項正確。3．分析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最后一段的重點詞“demandisincreasingconstantly”可知，本段主要講可可需求的不停增加，即B項正確。4．分析：選D。寫作企圖題。文章第一段點題，聯(lián)合全文的整體內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了英國保護可可種子的項目，屬于向讀者傳達(dá)信息的種類，即D項正確。8EWeknowthatprescriptiondrugscanbecostlyandwe’reheretohelp.Over60,000independentandmajorretailpharmacies（零售藥房）nationwideaccepttheSimpleSavingsCard.Findonenearyou.●Simplydownloadafreecardfromoursiteorchoosetohaveonemaileddirectlytoyou.Theprocessissimpleand,becauseit’snotinsurance,everyoneiseligible—there’snoqualificationprocess.●PrintyourSimpleSavingsCardandsignit.Nowit’sreadytouse.●Presentyourcardwithyournextprescriptionpurchaseandsaveupto$600!Storeyourcardanduseitforeachprescriptionpurchase.Becauseofoursizeandrelationshipswithinthepharmaceuticalindustry,weareabletonegotiatelowerpricesonyourbehalf.Wegetpaidbythepharmaceuticalcompanieswhenyouuseyourcard.PleasenotethatyoucannotusebothyourinsurancecardandtheSimpleSavingsCardatthesametime.Ifyouhaveaninsuranceplanthatcoverstheprescriptionyouarepurchasi