2023-2023學年高三上學期期中英語試卷

2023-2023學年高三上學期期中英語試卷

Recently,IflewtoLasVegastoattendameeting.Aswewereabouttoarrive,thepilotannouncedwithapologythattherewouldbeaslightdelaybeforesettingdown.Highdesertwindshadforcedtheairporttocloseallbutonerunway.Hesaidthatwewouldbecirclingthecityforafewminuteswaitingtoland.Wewerealsotoldtoremaininourseatsmeanwhilewithourseatbelts1.(fasten)becausetheremightbeafewbumps.Well,thatfewminutesturnedintoaboutforty-fiveminutes,includingaridethatwouldmakearollercoaster2.(pale)bycomparison.

Themovementwassosudden3.severalpassengersfeltsickandhadtouseairsicknessbags.4.youmightguess,that’snotgoodthingtohappeninanarrowspacebecauseitonlyservestoincreasethediscomfortofthesituation.

Abouttwentyminutesintotheadventure,theentireairplanebecameveryquiet.Therewasnowasenseofanxietyandfearthatcouldbedistinctlynoticed.Everypassengersimplyheldonfordearlife…5.one.Ababywashavingagoodtime!Witheachbumpoftheaircraft,he6.letoutagiggleofhappiness.AsIobservedthis,Irealizedthathedidn’tknowhewassupposedtobeafraidandworriedabouthissafety.He7.thoughtaboutthepastnoraboutthefuture.Thoseare8.wegrown-upshavelearnedfromexperience.Hewasenjoyingtheridebecausehe9.(notteach)tofearit.10.(understand)this,Itookadeepbreathandsatbackintomyseat,pretendingIwasreallyonarollercoaster.Ismiledfortherestoftheflight.Ievenmanagedtogiggleonceortwice,whichismuchtothechagrinofthemansittingnexttomeholdingtheairsicknessbag.

二、完形填空

Signhasbecomeascientifichotbutton.Onlyinthepast20yearshavespecialistsinlanguagestudyrealizedthatsignedlanguagesare______—aspeechofthehand.Theyofferanewwaytoprobehowthebraingeneratesand______language,andthrownewlightonanoldscientific______:whetherlanguage,______withgrammar,issomethingthatwearebornwith,orwhetheritisa______behavior.Thecurrentinterestinsignlanguagehasrootsinthe______workofonerebelteacheratGallaudetUniversityinWashington,D.C.,theworld’sonlyliberalartsuniversityfordeafpeople.

WhenBillStokoewenttoGallaudettoteachEnglish,theschoolenrolledhiminacourseinsigning.ButStokoenoticedsomething______;amongthemselves,studentssigneddifferentlyfromhisclassroomteacher.

Stokoehadbeentaughtasortofgestural______,eachmovementofthehandsrepresentingawordinEnglish.Atthetime,AmericanSignLanguage(ASL)wasthoughttobenomorethanaformofpidginEnglish(混雜英語).ButStokoebelievedthe“hand______”hisstudentsusedlookedricher.Hewondered:MightdeafpeopleactuallyhaveagenuinelanguageAndcouldthatlanguagebe______anyotheronEarthItwas1955,whenevendeafpeople___________theirsigningas“substandard”.Stokoe’sideawasacademicheresy–abeliefcontrarytowhatwasgenerallyaccepted.

Itis37yearslater.Stokoe—nowdevotinghistimetowritingandeditingbooksandjournalsandtoproducingvideomaterialsonASLandthedeafculture—ishavinglunchatacafeneartheGallaudetcampusandexplaininghowhestarteda(n)______.Fordecadeseducatorsfoughthisideathatsignedlanguagesarenaturallanguages______English,FrenchandJapanese.Theyassumedlanguagemustbebasedonspeech,themodulation(調整)ofsound.Butsignlanguageisbasedonthemovementofhands,themodulationof______.“WhatIsaid,”Stokoeexplains,“isthatlanguageisnotmouthstuff(素材)—it’s______stuff.”

1.A.uniqueB.neutralC.inexactD.vague

2.A.variesB.appliesC.interrelatesD.understands

3.A.argumentB.definitionC.conclusionD.statement

4.A.familiarB.completeC.changeableD.comparative

5.A.adoptedB.inheritedC.introducedD.learned

6.A.pioneeringB.concludingC.proceedingD.imitating

7.A.casualB.oddC.wittyD.tricky

8.A.clueB.fileC.codeD.digit

9.A.talkB.gossipC.clapD.shake

10.A.characteristicofB.differentfromC.equaltoD.worthyof

11.A.contributedB.signifiedC.justifiedD.dismissed

12.A.evolutionB.procedureC.revolutionD.presentation

13.A.withB.amongC.asD.like

14.A.spaceB.rhythmC.volumeD.rate

15.A.cultureB.brainC.muscleD.heart

三、閱讀理解

OnepictureintheWonderBookofknowledgeIhadasalittleboyshowedamanreadingabookwhilefloatingintheDeadSea.Whatamiracle!Howwoulditfeeltoliebackinwatersothickwithsaltthatitwasimpossibletosink

FedbytheJordanRiverandsmallerstreams,theDeadSeaisthelowestpointontheearth’ssurface,anditswateristentimessaltierthantheMediterranean.Withevaporationitsonlyoutlet,saltandothermineralsbecomesuper-concentrated.

Earlierthisyear,Idrovedownthelong,steephilltorealizemydream.Theshorelinewasabroadareaofbaresalt-mud,butthewateredgewasfaroutofsight.HadsomebodypulledtheDeadSea’splugIwondered.EliDior,anIsraeliofficial,explainedtheproblem:“TheDeadSeaisdryingup.Everyyear,thesurfacedropsaboutonemeter,andasthewaterlevelfalls,shadowareasarelefthighanddry.”

Overthelasthalf-century,thefiveneighboringcountrieshavecollectivelydivertednearlyallthewaterflowingintotheDeadSeatomeethumanandagricultureneeds.Result:theDeadSeaisbeingemptied.

Withpopulationintheregionsettodoubleatleastinthenext50years,thereislittlehopeofrestoringthewaterbeingdivertedforhumanconsumption.NocountryhasadroptosparefortheDeadSea,wheretheyknowitwilljustevaporate.Todreamofopeningthedamsandrestoringnaturalbalanceisplainlyunrealistic.

Yetoneambitioushigh-techdreammayturnouttobenotonlythesalvationoftheDeadSeabutalsoatickettopeacearounditsshores.The“Red-Dead”isaproposed$5billionprojecttobringseawatersome240kilometersbypipelineandcanalfromtheRedSeatotheDeadSea.TheRed-Deadmaybetheonlysolution,buteveniftheprojectiscarriedoutsuccessfully,theDeadSeawillbe10to20meterslowerthannowandtwothirdsofitscurrentsize.

Whateverthefutureholds,theDeadSea’smagicalmixofsun,mud,seaandsaltwillsurelysurvive.ManymightcomplainthattheDeadSeaishalfempty—butformetheDeadseawillalwaysbehalffull.

1.What’sthepassagemainlyabout

A.DeadSea–miracleoftheworld.

B.SavetheenvironmentoftheDeadSea.

C.SlowshrinkingoftheDeadSea.

D.WhyistheDeadSeasosalty.

2.TheshrinkingoftheDeadSeaismainlycausedby________accordingtothepassage.

A.aseverereductionofthewaterflowingintothesea

B.rapidevaporationofthewaterintheDeadSeaarea

C.theincreasingquantityofwaterdrawnfromthesea

D.verylowannualrainfallintheDeadSeaArea

3.Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothepassage

A.Withnooutlettoanyocean,theDeadSeahasbecomebyevaporationmostdensewatersonearth.

B.Thoughburdenedwiththegrowingpopulation,theneighboringcountrieshaven’tcutoffthesourcesoftheDeadSea.

C.AllthecountriesintheareawillconsiderdivertinglesswaterfromtheJordanRiver.

D.TheRed-DeadProjecthasnotonlybroughtwatertotheDeadSea,butpeacetotheareaaswell.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementswilltheauthorapproveof

A.IftheDeadSeadriedup,greatnaturaldisasterswouldhappenintheregion.

B.TheDeadSeawillnotsurvivenomatterwhatpeopledotosaveit.

C.ThefiveneighboringcountriesshouldstopdivertingwaterfromtheJordanRiver.

D.ThoughtheDeadSeaisshrinkinggradually,itwillnotdie.

Theglobalenergycrisisisapproaching.WhatcanwedoHerearesomestepsyoucantake.

Coolingputsthegreateststressonyoursummerenergybillandthepowergrid.Justasatune-upforyourcarcanimproveyourgasmileage,ayearlytune-upofyourheatingandcoolingsystemcanimproveefficiencyandcomfort.Cleanorreplacefiltermonthlyorasneeded.

Forcentralairconditioningsystemsandroomairconditioners,lookfortheENERGYSTAR,thefederalgovernment’ssymbolforenergyefficiency.Forcentralair,purchasethesystemwiththehighestpossibleSeasonalEnergyEfficiencyRatio.(SEER)

Useenergyefficientceilingfanseitheraloneorwithairconditioning.Ceilingfansdoagreatjobofcirculatingair.Whenusedwithairconditioning,fansallowyoutoraisethethermostatandcutcosts.Ceilingfanscoolpeople,notrooms,sobeforeyouleave,turnofftheceilingfan.

Letaprogrammablethermostat“rememberforyou”toautomaticallyadjusttheindoorclimatewithyourdailyandweekendpatternstoreducecoolingbillsbyupto10percent.Youcancomehometoacomfortablehousewithoutwastingenergyandcreatingpollutionalldaywhileyouareatwork.

Trytomakeyourhomeairtightenoughtoincreaseyourcomfort,makeyourhomequieterandcleanerandreduceyourcoolingcostsupto20percent.

Cutyourairconditioningload,andreducepollutionbyplantingleafytreesaroundyourhomeandfixingreflectivebricksonyourroof.

Closeblindsorshadesonsouth-andwest-facingwindowsduringtheday,orfixshadingequipmenttoavoidheatbuild-up.

Turnoffeverythingnotinuse:lights,TVs,computers.Andusefluorescentbulbs,whichprovidebright,warmlightwhileusingatleasttwo-thirdslessenergy,producing70percentlessheatandlastingupto10timeslongerthanincandescentbulbs.

Drivethecarthatgetsbettergasmileagewheneverpossibleifyouownmorethanonevehicle.Ifyoudrive12,500milesayear,switching10percentofyourtripsfromacarthatgets20milespergallontoonethatgets30mpgwillsaveyoumorethan￡65peryear.

Carpool.TheaverageU.S.commutercouldsaveabout￡260ayearbysharingcarstwiceaweekwithtwootherpeopleinacarthatgets20.1mpg-assumingthethreepassengerssharethecostofgas.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thethermostatisusedto________.

A.makeroomsquieterB.controlroomtemperature

C.turnofftheairconditionerD.reduceroomairpollution

2.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethattheauthorprobablydiscourages_________.

A.plantingleafytreesaroundyourhome

B.turningofftheceilingfanbeforeyouleaveyourhouse

C.keepingyoursouth-facingwindowsopenduringtheday

D.usingfluorescentbulbsinsteadofincandescentbulbs

3.Accordingtothepassage,youcansavefuelby_______.

A.usingenergy-efficientceilingfans

B.sharingcarswithothersonworkdays

C.turningoffeverythingnotinuse

D.reducing10%ofyourcartripseveryyear

MentalillnessanddisabilitywerefamilyproblemsforEnglishpeoplelivingbetween1660and1800.Mostwomenandmenwhosufferedfrommentalillnesswerenotinstitutionalizedasthiswastheperiodbeforetheextensivebuildingofmentalhospitals.Instead,theywerehousedathome,andcaredforbyotherfamilymembers.

NowanewstudybyCambridgehistorianDr.ElizabethFoysterwillrevealtheimpactonfamiliesofcaringformentallyillanddisabledrelatives.

Muchhasbeenwrittenabouttheinsanethemselvesbutfewstudieshaveconsideredmentalillnessfromtheperspectiveofthecarers.Thelifetimeburdenofcaringforthoseindividualswhosementaldevelopmentdidnotprogressbeyondchildhood,andwhocontemporarieslabeledas‘idiots’or‘fools’,hasbeenlittleexploredbyhistorians.Foyster’sresearch,whichhasbeenfundedbytheLeverhulmeTrust,willcarefullyexaminetheemotionalandeconomicconsequencesforfamiliesatatimewhenthePoorLawboundthemtolookaftertheirmentallyillanddisabledfamilymembers.

Byaskingkeyquestionsabouttheimpactof‘careinthecommunity’inthe18thcentury,Foysterhopesthatherresearchwillbridgesocialandmedicalhistory.Specifically,sheaimstoprovideanhistoricalperspectiveforcontemporarydebatessuchashowresourcescanbestretchedtoprovideforchildrenwithlearningdifficultiesandanagingpopulation.

“Thestressesandstrainsoffamilywereworsenedbyhighinfantmortalityandlowlifeexpectancy,andmanyindividualswerepushedtowardsmentalbreakdown,”sheexplained.“Moreover,inheritedconditions,senility(高齡)andwhattodaywouldbedescribedas‘specialneeds’couldputgreatemotionaldemandsonfamilymemberswhohadprimaryresponsibilityfortheirsickordisabledrelatives.”

Theresearchwillshedlightuponhowcaringforthementallyillanddisabledraiseddifficultissuesforfamiliesaboutthelimitsofintergenerationalresponsibility,andwhetherfamilytieswereweakenedorstrengthenedbytheexperience.Thequestionsofhowfarshamewasattachedtohavinginsanityoridiocywithinafamily,andatwhatpointfamiliesbegantoseekoutsidehelp,willalsobeaddressed.

“Thefamilymusthaveseemedaninescapablefeatureofdailylifebetween1660and1800,”saidFoyster.“Althoughtherewerethosewhowereabandonedandrejected,forthemajority,mentaldisabilitywasaccommodatedwithinthefamilyunit.Iaimtogettotheheartofwhatthisreallymeantforpeople’slives.”

1.WhichisNOTthereasonwhythosementallyillanddisabledwerenotinstitutionalizedfrom1660to1800

A.Mentalillnessanddisabilitywerefamilyproblemsthen.

B.Theextensivebuildingofmentalhospitalsdidn’tstartyet.

C.Theywereabandonedbythegovernmentandthefamily.

D.Thefamilywouldbefoundguiltyiftheydidn’tcareforthem.

2.WhydoesFoysterwanttocarryoutthisstudy

A.Becauseitcanprovidesomefoodforthoughtforsomecurrentsocialissues.

B.Becausethestressesandstrainsoffamilylifehavedrivenmanypeoplecrazy.

C.Becauseshe’slookingforwaystocommunicatewiththesickordisabledpeople.

D.Becausethelimitsofintergenerationalresponsibilityinsuchfamilies,interesther.

3.WhichquestionwillNOTbestudiedintheresearch

A.Howshouldresourcestodaybestretchedtoprovideforanagingpopulation

B.Howdidcaringforthesickanddisabledaffectthefamily’searningpower

C.Howshamefuldidafamilyfeelwhentheirinsaneordisabledrelativeswerefoundout

D.Atwhatpointdidthosefamilieshavetobegintolookforoutsidehelp

4.Thepassageiswritteninorderto________.

A.revealtheimpactonfamiliesofcaringformentallyillanddisabledrelatives

B.provideanhistoricalperspectivetocontemporarydebates

C.shedlightuponwhetherfamilytieswereweakenedorstrengthened

D.introduceanewhistoricalstudycarriedoutbyaCambridgehistorian

四、六選四

Bicycles,rollerskatesandskateboardsaredangerous.Anddon’tgetmestartedonwalking.ButI’mgladIdidn’tspendmychildhoodtrappedindoorstoprotectmefromeverybumpandbruise.“Thatwhichdoesnotkillusmakesusstronger.”1.Andnowtechnologyhasbecomethenewfieldfortheage-oldbattlebetweenadultsandtheirfreedom-cravingkids.

Lockedindoors,unabletogetontheirbicyclesandhangoutwiththeirfriends,teenshaveturnedtosocialmediaandtheirmobilephonestosocializewiththeirpeers.Whattheydoonlineoftenmirrorswhattheymightotherwisedoiftheirmobilityweren’tsoheavilylimitedintheageofhelicopterparenting.Socialmediaandsmartphoneshavebecomesopopularinrecentyears.2.

Asteenshavemovedonline,parentshaveprojectedtheirfearsontotheInternet,imaginingallthepotentialdangersthatyouthmightface–fromviolentstrangerstocruelpeerstopicturesorwordsthatcouldhauntthemonGooglefortherestoftheirlives.

Ratherthanhelpingteensdevelopstrategiesfornegotiatingpubliclifeandthepotentialrisksofinteractingwithothers,fearfulparentshavefocusedontracking,monitoringandblocking.3.“Protecting”kidsmayfeelliketherightthingtodo,butitgraduallyweakensthelearningthatteensneedtodoastheycomeofageinatechnology-soakedworld.

Thekeytohelpingyouthnavigatecontemporarydigitallifeisn’tmorerestrictions.It’sfreedom-pluscommunication.Whatmakesthedigitalstreetsafeiswhenteensandadultscollectivelyagreetoopentheireyesandpayattention,communicateandnegotiatedifficultsituationstogether.Teensneedthefreedomtowanderthedigitalstreet,buttheyalsoneedtoknowthatcaringadultsarebehindthemandsupportingthemwherevertheygo.Thefirststepistoturnoffthetrackingsoftware.4.

五、漢譯英

Translation

1.根據(jù)慣例，參加批改考卷的老師不能使用任何電子設備。(access)

2.每天僅準許兩百名游客進入博物館參觀，由于里面陳設的物品極其寶貴。(admit)

3.直到獲悉兒子被心儀的私立學校錄用時，這個多愁善感的媽媽才松了一口氣。(It…)

4.忠言逆耳利于行，這個道理盡人皆知，但是這個固執(zhí)的老頭是否有可能會聽從你的`建議呢？(possibility)

六、概要寫作

Summary

TheSuperStrengthofSpiderWebs

TheabilityoffictionalsuperheroSpider-Mantoswingoffcityskyscrapersusinghisstickywebhasfascinatedmanyofus.Buthoweveramazingitappearstobe,thesuperpowerisunrealistic,rightNotcompletely,scientistssay.

Spidersilkisinitselfaverystrongmaterial.Infact,itisaboutfivetimesstrongerthansteelinweight-for-weightterms.Evenso,thisdoesn’tthoroughlyexplainthestrengthofspiderwebs.Itwasnotuntilrecentlythatscientistsdiscoveredwhyspiderwebsareabletowithstandhugeforces.

Thescientistsfoundthroughastudythatitisnotjusttheremarkablestrengtho