財(cái)務(wù)術(shù)語(yǔ)中英文大全

一、會(huì)計(jì)與會(huì)計(jì)理論會(huì)計(jì)accounting決策人DecisionMaker投資人Investor股東Shareholder債權(quán)人Creditor財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)FinancialAccounting管理會(huì)計(jì)ManagementAccounting成本會(huì)計(jì)CostAccounting私業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)PrivateAccounting公眾會(huì)計(jì)PublicAccounting注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師CPACertifiedPublicAccountant國(guó)際會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則委員會(huì)IASC美國(guó)注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師協(xié)會(huì)AICPA財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則委員會(huì)FASB管理會(huì)計(jì)協(xié)會(huì)IMA美國(guó)會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)會(huì)AAA稅務(wù)稽核署IRS獨(dú)資企業(yè)Proprietorship合伙人企業(yè)Partnership公司Corporation會(huì)計(jì)目標(biāo)AccountingObjectives會(huì)計(jì)假設(shè)AccountingAssumptions會(huì)計(jì)要素AccountingElements會(huì)計(jì)原則AccountingPrinciples會(huì)計(jì)實(shí)務(wù)過(guò)程AccountingProcedures財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表FinancialStatements財(cái)務(wù)分析FinancialAnalysis會(huì)計(jì)主體假設(shè)SeparateentityAssumption貨幣計(jì)量假設(shè)UnitofmeasureAssumption持續(xù)經(jīng)營(yíng)假設(shè)Continuity(Goingconcern)Assumption會(huì)計(jì)分期假設(shè)TimeperiodAssumption資產(chǎn)Asset負(fù)債Liability業(yè)主權(quán)益Owner'sEquity收入Revenue費(fèi)用Expense收益Income虧損Loss歷史成本原則CostPrinciple收入實(shí)現(xiàn)原則RevenuePrinciple配比原則MatchingPrinciple全面披露原則Fulldisclosure(Reporting)Principle客觀性原則ObjectivePrinciple一致性原則ConsistentPrinciple可比性原則ComparabilityPrinciple重大性原則MaterialityPrinciple穩(wěn)健性原則ConservatismPrinciple權(quán)責(zé)發(fā)生制AccrualBasis現(xiàn)金收付制CashBasis財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告FinancialReport流動(dòng)資產(chǎn)Currentassets流動(dòng)負(fù)債CurrentLiabilities長(zhǎng)期負(fù)債LongtermLiabilities投入資本ContributedCapital留存收益RetainedEarning二、會(huì)計(jì)循環(huán)會(huì)計(jì)循環(huán)AccountingProcedure/Cycle會(huì)計(jì)信息系統(tǒng)AccountinginformationSystem帳戶Ledger會(huì)計(jì)科目Account會(huì)計(jì)分錄Journalentry原始憑證SourceDocument日記帳Journal總分類(lèi)帳GeneralLedger明細(xì)分類(lèi)帳SubsidiaryLedger試算平衡TrialBalance現(xiàn)金收款日記帳Cashreceiptjournal現(xiàn)金付款日記帳Cashdisbursementsjournal銷(xiāo)售日記帳SalesJournal購(gòu)貨日記帳PurchaseJournal普通日記帳GeneralJournal工作底稿Worksheet調(diào)整分錄Adjustingentries結(jié)帳Closingentries三、現(xiàn)金與應(yīng)收帳款現(xiàn)金Cash銀行存款Cashinbank庫(kù)存現(xiàn)金Cashinhand流動(dòng)資產(chǎn)Currentassets償債基金Sinkingfund定額備用金Imprestpettycash支票Check(cheque)銀行對(duì)帳單Bankstatement銀行存款調(diào)節(jié)表Bankreconciliationstatement在途存款Outstandingdeposit在途支票O(jiān)utstandingcheck應(yīng)付憑單Voucherspayable應(yīng)收帳款A(yù)ccountreceivable應(yīng)收票據(jù)Notereceivable起運(yùn)點(diǎn)交貨價(jià)F.O.Bshippingpoint目的地交貨價(jià)F.O.Bdestination商業(yè)折扣Tradediscount現(xiàn)金折扣Cashdiscount銷(xiāo)售退回及折讓Salesreturnandallowance壞帳費(fèi)用Baddebtexpense備抵法Allowancemethod備抵壞帳Baddebtallowance損益表法Incomestatementapproach資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表法Balancesheetapproach帳齡分析法Aginganalysismethod直接沖銷(xiāo)法Directwriteoffmethod帶息票據(jù)Interestbearingnote不帶息票據(jù)Noninterestbearingnote出票人受款人Payee本金Principal利息率Interestrate到期日Maturitydate本票P(pán)romissory貼現(xiàn)Discount背書(shū)Endorse拒付費(fèi)Protestfeecom四、存貨存貨Inventory商品存貨Merchandiseinventory產(chǎn)成品存貨Finishedgoodsinventory在產(chǎn)品存貨Workinprocessinventory原材料存貨Rawmaterialsinventory起運(yùn)地離岸價(jià)格F.O.Bshippingpoint目的地抵岸價(jià)格F.O.Bdestination寄銷(xiāo)Consignment寄銷(xiāo)人Consignor承銷(xiāo)人Consignee定期盤(pán)存Periodicinventory永續(xù)盤(pán)存Perpetualinventory

財(cái)務(wù)術(shù)語(yǔ)3/9購(gòu)貨Purchase購(gòu)貨折讓和折扣Purchaseallowanceanddiscounts存貨盈余或短缺Inventoryoveragesandshortages分批認(rèn)定法Specificidentification加權(quán)平均法Weightedaverage先進(jìn)先出法Firstin,firstoutorFIFO后進(jìn)先出法Lostin,firstoutorLIFO移動(dòng)平均法Movingaverage成本或市價(jià)孰低法LowerofcostormarketorLCM市價(jià)Marketvalue重置成本Replacementcost可變現(xiàn)凈值Netrealizablevalue上限Upperlimit下限Lowerlimit毛利法Grossmargin零售價(jià)格法Retailmethod成本率Costratio五、長(zhǎng)期投資長(zhǎng)期投資Longterminvestment長(zhǎng)期股票投資Investmentonstocks長(zhǎng)期債券投資Investmentonbonds成本法Costmethod權(quán)益法Equitymethod合并法Consolidationmethod股利宣布日Declarationdate股權(quán)登記日Dateofrecord除息日Exdividenddate付息日Paymentdate債券面值Facevalue,Par債券折價(jià)Discountonbonds債券溢價(jià)Premiumonbonds票面利率Contractinterestrate,statedrate市場(chǎng)利率Marketinterestratio,Effectiverate普通股CommonStock優(yōu)先股PreferredStock現(xiàn)金股利Cashdividends股票股利Stockdividends清算股利Liquidatingdividends到期日Maturitydate到期值Maturityvalue直線攤銷(xiāo)法StraightLinemethodofamortization實(shí)際利息攤銷(xiāo)法Effectiveinterestmethodofamortization財(cái)務(wù)術(shù)語(yǔ)六、固定資產(chǎn)固定資產(chǎn)PlantassetsorFixedassets原值Originalvalue預(yù)計(jì)使用年限Expectedusefullife預(yù)計(jì)殘值Estimatedresidualvalue折舊費(fèi)用Depreciationexpense累計(jì)折舊Accumulateddepreciation帳面價(jià)值Carryingvalue應(yīng)提折舊成本Depreciationcost凈值Netvalue在建工程Constructioninprocess磨損Wearandtear過(guò)時(shí)Obsolescence直線法Straightlinemethod(SL)工作量法Unitsofproductionmethod(UOP)加速折舊法Accelerateddepreciationmethod雙倍余額遞減法Doubledecliningbalancemethod(DDB)年數(shù)總和法Sumoftheyearsdigitsmethod(SYD)以舊換新Tradein經(jīng)營(yíng)租賃Operatinglease融資租賃Capitallease廉價(jià)購(gòu)買(mǎi)權(quán)Bargainpurchaseoption(BPO)資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表外籌資Offbalancesheetfinancing最低租賃付款額Minimumleasepayments七、無(wú)形資產(chǎn)無(wú)形資產(chǎn)Intangibleassets專(zhuān)利權(quán)Patents商標(biāo)權(quán)Trademarks,Tradenames著作權(quán)Copyrights特許權(quán)或?qū)I(yíng)權(quán)Franchises商譽(yù)Goodwill開(kāi)辦費(fèi)Organizationcost租賃權(quán)Leasehold攤銷(xiāo)Amortization八、流動(dòng)負(fù)債負(fù)債Liability流動(dòng)負(fù)債Currentliability應(yīng)付帳款A(yù)ccountpayable應(yīng)付票據(jù)Notespayable貼現(xiàn)票據(jù)Discountnotes5/9長(zhǎng)期負(fù)債一年內(nèi)到期部分Currentmaturitiesoflongtermliabilities應(yīng)付股利Dividendspayable預(yù)收收益Prepaymentsbycustomers存入保證金Refundabledeposits應(yīng)付費(fèi)用Accrualexpense增值稅valueaddedtax營(yíng)業(yè)稅Businesstax應(yīng)付所得稅Incometaxpayable應(yīng)付獎(jiǎng)金B(yǎng)onusespayable產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量擔(dān)保負(fù)債Estimatedliabilitiesunderproductwarranties贈(zèng)品和兌換券Premiums,couponsandtradingstamps或有事項(xiàng)Contingency或有負(fù)債Contingent或有損失Losscontingencies或有利得Gaincontingencies永久性差異Permanentdifference時(shí)間性差異Timingdifference應(yīng)付稅款法Taxespayablemethod納稅影響會(huì)計(jì)法Taxeffectaccountingmethod遞延所得稅負(fù)債法Deferredincometaxliabilitymethod九、長(zhǎng)期負(fù)債長(zhǎng)期負(fù)債LongtermLiabilities應(yīng)付公司債券Bondspayable有擔(dān)保品的公司債券SecuredBonds抵押公司債券MortgageBonds保證公司債券GuaranteedBonds信用公司債券DebentureBonds一次還本公司債券TermBonds分期還本公司債券SerialBonds可轉(zhuǎn)換公司債券ConvertibleBonds可贖回公司債券CallableBonds可要求公司債券RedeemableBonds記名公司債券RegisteredBonds無(wú)記名公司債券CouponBonds普通公司債券OrdinaryBonds收益公司債券IncomeBonds名義利率，票面利率Nominalrate實(shí)際利率Actualrate有效利率Effective溢價(jià)Premium折價(jià)Discount面值Parvalue直線法Straightlinemethod實(shí)際利率法Effectiveinterestmethod到期直接償付Repaymentatmaturity提前償付Repaymentatadvance償債基金Sinkingfund長(zhǎng)期應(yīng)付票據(jù)Longtermnotespayable抵押借款Mortgageloan十、業(yè)主權(quán)益權(quán)益Equity業(yè)主權(quán)益Owner'sequity股東權(quán)益Stockholder'sequity投入資本Contributedcapital繳入資本Paidincapital股本Capitalstock資本公積Capitalsurplus留存收益Retainedearnings核定股本Authorizedcapitalstock實(shí)收資本Issuedcapitalstock發(fā)行在外股本Outstandingcapitalstock庫(kù)藏股Treasurystock普通股Commonstock優(yōu)先股Preferredstock累積優(yōu)先股Cumulativepreferredstock非累積優(yōu)先股Noncumulativepreferredstock完全參加優(yōu)先股Fullyparticipatingpreferredstock部分參加優(yōu)先股Partiallyparticipatingpreferredstock非部分參加優(yōu)先股Nonpartiallyparticipatingpreferredstock現(xiàn)金發(fā)行Issuanceforcash非現(xiàn)金發(fā)行Issuancefornoncashconsideration股票的合并發(fā)行Lumpsumsalesofstock發(fā)行成本Issuancecost成本法Costmethod面值法Parvaluemethod捐贈(zèng)資本Donatedcapital盈余分配Distributionofearnings股利Dividend股利政策Dividendpolicy宣布日Dateofdeclaration股權(quán)登記日Dateofrecord除息日Exdividenddate股利支付日Dateofpayment現(xiàn)金股利Cashdividend

財(cái)務(wù)術(shù)語(yǔ)7/9股票股利Stockdividend撥款appropriation十一、財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表FinancialStatement資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表BalanceSheet收益表IncomeStatement帳戶式AccountForm報(bào)告式ReportForm編制（報(bào)表）工作底稿Worksheet多步式Multistep單步式Singlestep十二、財(cái)務(wù)狀況變動(dòng)表財(cái)務(wù)狀況變動(dòng)表中的現(xiàn)金基礎(chǔ)SCFP.CashBasis（現(xiàn)金流量表）財(cái)務(wù)狀況變動(dòng)表中的營(yíng)運(yùn)資金基礎(chǔ)SCFP.WorkingCapitalBasis（資金來(lái)源與運(yùn)用表）營(yíng)運(yùn)資金Working全部資源概念A(yù)llresourcesconcept直接交換業(yè)務(wù)Directexchanges正常營(yíng)業(yè)活動(dòng)Normaloperatingactivities財(cái)務(wù)活動(dòng)Financingactivities投資活動(dòng)Investingactivities十三、財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表分析Analysisoffinancialstatements比較財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表Comparativefinancialstatements趨勢(shì)百分比Trendpercentage比率Ratios普通股每股收益Earningspershareofcommonstock股利收益率Dividendyieldratio價(jià)益比Priceearningsratio普通股每股帳面價(jià)值Bookvaluepershareofcommonstock資本報(bào)酬率Returnoninvestment總資產(chǎn)報(bào)酬率Returnontotalasset債券收益率Yieldrateonbonds已獲利息倍數(shù)Numberoftimesinterestearned債券比率Debtratio優(yōu)先股收益率Yieldrateonpreferredstock營(yíng)運(yùn)資本W(wǎng)orkingCapital周轉(zhuǎn)Turnover財(cái)務(wù)術(shù)語(yǔ)存貨周轉(zhuǎn)率Inventoryturnover應(yīng)收帳款周轉(zhuǎn)率Accountsreceivableturnover流動(dòng)比率Currentratio速動(dòng)比率Qu