SSAT英文寫作佳句

WhenaskedabouttheongoinguproarinvolvingU.S.PresidentBillClinton,mostpeoplesaytheaffairinvolvesapurelyprivatematter.Butmanyotherpeopleregardhisactionsasdeplorable.Ipersonallythinkthepresidentcommittedimpeachableoffences.當(dāng)被問及對(duì)現(xiàn)在有關(guān)美國(guó)總統(tǒng)比爾?克林頓的沸沸揚(yáng)揚(yáng)的議論有什么看法時(shí)，大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為這種曖昧關(guān)系純屬私事。但是，還有很多人認(rèn)為他的行為應(yīng)當(dāng)受到譴責(zé)。我個(gè)人認(rèn)為總統(tǒng)犯了這些過錯(cuò)，應(yīng)該被指控。WhenitcomestotheincreasinguseofmotorvehiclesinBeijing,somepeoplethinkthatuseshouldbelimited.Othersarguethattheoppositeistrue.Thereisprobablysometruthtobotharguments,butemissioncontrolsmustbeinstitutedregardlessofthenumberofvehicles.涉及北京機(jī)動(dòng)車使用量增加這一問題，有的人認(rèn)為應(yīng)該限制使用。另一些人持相反意見。也許雙方的觀點(diǎn)都有一定道理，但是，無論車輛多少，必須對(duì)廢氣排放實(shí)行控制。Thereisageneraldebatenowadaysabouttheproblemofitinerantworkers.Thosewhoobjecttotherisingmigrantpopulationarguethatincreasingnumbersleadtorisingcrimeratesandharmsocialstability.TheybelievethatstrictlimitsshouldbeplacedonmigrantsenteringChina'scities.Butpeoplewhofavortheinfluxofthecheaplaborforce,ontheotherhand,maintainthatmigrantsareneededtosupportthemassiveurbaninfrastructureconstructionprogram.目前，針對(duì)流動(dòng)工人的問題展開了普遍的爭(zhēng)論。反對(duì)流動(dòng)工人增加的人認(rèn)為這會(huì)導(dǎo)致犯罪率升高，從而危害社會(huì)穩(wěn)定。他們主張應(yīng)該嚴(yán)格限制進(jìn)入中國(guó)城市的流動(dòng)工人。但是，另一方面，支持廉價(jià)勞動(dòng)力流入的人主張，為了支持大規(guī)模的城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)規(guī)劃，流動(dòng)人口是必需的。Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatextensivedeforestationcontributedtoheavysummerflooding.ExpertsarguethatChinamustintroduceamassiveafforestationprogram.ButIdoubtwhetherafforestationalonewillsolvetheproblem.人們普遍認(rèn)為過度砍伐造成了夏季特大洪水。專家認(rèn)為中國(guó)必須推行大規(guī)模的植樹造林計(jì)劃。但我對(duì)僅僅植樹造林就能解決問題表示懷疑。Mostpeopleareoftheopinionthatwealthprovidessolutionstoallproblems.Butinspiteofthematerialbenefitswealthprovides,Ibelieveoneshouldabandonthepursuitofmaterialismandinsteadconcentrateonthepursuitofhappiness.大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為財(cái)富為所有問題提供解決的辦法。但是，我認(rèn)為，盡管財(cái)富提供物質(zhì)上的利益，一個(gè)人應(yīng)該放棄物質(zhì)至上的追求，而是集中精力追求幸福。Anincreasingnumberofpeoplearejoiningthe"InformationAge"viatheInternet.Inreactiontothephenomenon,somesaytheInternethasremovedbarrtersandprovidedpeoplewithimmediateaccesstotheworld.Butdotheyraelizethatrapidlyadvancinginformationtechnologycanalsoleadtointrusionsofprivacy?越來越多的人通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)進(jìn)入了“信息時(shí)代”。針對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象，一些人認(rèn)為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)消除了障礙，為人們提供了與世界即時(shí)鏈接的途徑。但是，他們有沒有意識(shí)到迅速發(fā)展的信息技術(shù)也能導(dǎo)致侵犯隱私？Theuseofguanxiisawidespreadmethodforconductingbusiness,butisitawiseone?Themethodisnowbeingchallengedbymoreandmorepeople.利用關(guān)系是做生意的普遍做法，但這種做法明智嗎？現(xiàn)在，越來越多的人對(duì)這種方法提出了質(zhì)疑。We'reoftentoldthattheworldistetheringonthebrinkofdestruction.Butisthisreallythecase?我們經(jīng)常被告知世界處于毀滅的邊緣。但事實(shí)真是這樣嗎？Oneofthepressingproblemafacingournation(China)todayisovercomingdisparitiesinurbanandruralincomelevels.我們國(guó)家(中國(guó))如今面臨的緊迫問題之一是克服城鄉(xiāng)收入水平之間的差距。Oneofthemostseriousproblemsmanypeopletalkaboutcentersonthelackofadequatehousingspace.許多人談?wù)摰囊粋€(gè)最嚴(yán)重的問題集中在缺乏足夠的居住空間。Perhapsthemostdangerousphenomenongrippingthenationtodayisofficialcorruption,whichispervasiveinalllevelsofgovernment.也許當(dāng)今困擾國(guó)家的最危險(xiǎn)的現(xiàn)象是遍布各級(jí)政府的官員腐敗。Inflationisyetanothernewandbittertruthwemustlearntoface.通貨膨脹又是一個(gè)我們必須學(xué)會(huì)面對(duì)的痛苦的新情況。Thereisagrowingworldwideawarenessoftheneedforstrengthenedenvironmentalprotection.世界上越來越多的人認(rèn)識(shí)到加強(qiáng)環(huán)境保護(hù)的必要性。TherehasbeenadramaticincreaseinthespreadofHIV/AIDSinrecentyears,withanewstudyprojectingthatthedreadeddiseasewillaffectover30millionpeopleworldwidebytheyear2005.近年來，艾滋病蔓延的幅度進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大，一項(xiàng)新的研究預(yù)測(cè)，到2005年，世界上有超過三千萬人將感染這一可怕的疾病。Workingwiththedisabledcannothelpbutleaveoneimpressedwiththeirindefatigabledesire.與殘疾人一起工作使一個(gè)人不得不對(duì)他們堅(jiān)持不懈的渴望印象深刻。Perhapsnoissuesaremorecontroversialthaneuthanasiaandabortion,bothofwhichinvolvetakingthelifeofahumanbeing.也許沒有問題比安樂死和人工流產(chǎn)更有爭(zhēng)議性，它們都涉及結(jié)束一個(gè)人的生命。Neverbeforeinhistoryhastheissueofoverpopulationbeenmoreevidentthannow.歷史上，人口過剩的問題從來沒有比現(xiàn)在更加突出。Perhapsitistimetoreexaminetheideathatcollegedegreesareaguaranteeofintelligence.也許現(xiàn)在是應(yīng)該重新考慮大學(xué)為是智力的保證這種想法的時(shí)候了。Agrowingnumberofpeoplearebeginningtorealizethatwealthisnotthesoleprerequisiteforhappiness.越來越多的人開始意識(shí)到財(cái)富不是幸福的惟一先決條件。Inspiteoftheextraordinaryprogressmadeinscienceandtechnology,problemsremainintermsofguaranteeingthatachievementsbenefitthegreatestnumberofpeople.盡管科學(xué)技術(shù)取得了非凡的進(jìn)步，但是在保證進(jìn)步成果使盡可能多的人受益這方面還存在一些問題。Afamousthinkeroncewrotethat"thegreatestthreattomankindismankinditself!"Ifthisisindeedthecase,thenthecurrentsituationshouldmakeusponderourfutuerexistence.一位著名的思想家曾經(jīng)寫道：“對(duì)人類最大的威脅是人類自身！”如果事實(shí)確實(shí)如此，那么，現(xiàn)狀應(yīng)該促使我們對(duì)我們未來的生存進(jìn)行思索了。U.S.PresidentHarryTrumanonceremarked:"Thebuckstopshere!"Hisviewhasbeenconfirmedbynumerousworldleaderswhohaveassumedfullresponsibilityfortheiractions.美國(guó)總統(tǒng)杜魯門曾經(jīng)說過：“責(zé)任止于此！”（意為勿再把責(zé)任往別處推，這是杜魯門辦公室桌上的座右銘）他的觀點(diǎn)得到了很多對(duì)自己的行動(dòng)承擔(dān)完全責(zé)任的世界領(lǐng)袖的肯定。Largefamilieswereonceseenasablessing.Today,however,thingsarechangingandanincreasingnumberofChineseparentsrealizethatfewerisbetter.大家庭曾經(jīng)被看做是一種福氣。然而，今天，情況改變了，越來越多的中國(guó)家長(zhǎng)意識(shí)到家庭成員越少越好。Peopleusedtoplacetotalrelianceonthegovernment.Theso-called"ironricebowl"prevailedinthepast,butthingsarequitedifferenttoday.過去，人們習(xí)慣完全依靠政府。以前盛行所謂的“鐵飯碗”，但今天的情況有很大的不同。Yearsofobservinghumanbehaviorhasenabledmetoconcludethatthemajordifferencebetweenmediocrityandsuccessliessolelywiththeindividualconcerned.Successfulindividualsconsistentlyseekadvancement,whiletheirlessindustriouscontemporariesaremerelycontentwiththestatusquo.對(duì)人們行為的多年觀察使我能夠得出這樣的結(jié)論：平庸和成功的主要區(qū)別僅僅在于相關(guān)的個(gè)人。成功的個(gè)人不斷尋求進(jìn)步，而他們比較懶惰的同時(shí)代人僅僅滿足于現(xiàn)狀。Traditionalwayofthinkinghavechangeddramatically.Thependulumhasswungandpeopleareexhibitinggreateropen-mindednessandaburningdesiretodeteminetheirowndestiny.傳統(tǒng)的思維方式有了顯著的變化。輿論發(fā)生了劇變，人們表現(xiàn)出更開放的思想以及決定他們自己命運(yùn)的強(qiáng)烈愿望Therehasbeenundesirabletrendinrecentyearstowardstheworshipofmoney.ArecentsurveyshowedthatXpercentofrespondentsrankedgettingrichastheirtoppriority,comparedtoXpercentonlyafewyearsago.Whydopeoplefailtorealizethatwealthdoesnotnecessarilybringhappiness?近年來出現(xiàn)了對(duì)社會(huì)有害的拜金主義傾向。最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查表明，X%的調(diào)查對(duì)象把致富作為他們的首選，相比之下，就在幾年前，只有X%的人這樣想。為什么人們沒能意識(shí)到財(cái)富不一定帶來幸福呢？Irecentlyreadanewspaperarticleontherampantspreadofchildabuse.Thedeplorableproblemofthewidespreadabuseofinnocentchildrenhasarousedpublicconcernnationwide.最近，我在報(bào)紙上讀到一篇關(guān)于虐待兒童現(xiàn)象變得猖獗的文章。普遍虐待無辜兒童的問題令人深感遺憾，它已經(jīng)引起了全國(guó)公眾的關(guān)注。Shouldparentssparetherodandspoilthechild?Opinionsconcerningstrictparentaldisciplinevarywidely.Someviewstrictdisciplineasnothingmorethanaformofabuse,whileothersargueitisanessentialfactorforinstillingappropriatesocialbehavior.家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)不應(yīng)該閑了棍子、慣了孩子？針對(duì)嚴(yán)厲的家教的看法大相徑庭。有的人就是把嚴(yán)厲的管教看成一種虐待，而另外的人認(rèn)為這是逐漸灌輸?shù)皿w的社會(huì)行為的要素。Whatdoyouthinkoftheincreasingopennessaccompanyingtheongoingsexualrevolution?Doyoueverfantasize?Answerstothesequestionsshouldbebasedonadeterminationbetweenappropriateandinappropriatebehavior.你如何看待對(duì)現(xiàn)在的性革命越來越開放的態(tài)度？你曾經(jīng)想像過嗎？回答這些問題之前應(yīng)先界定得體和不得體的行為。Whydosomegovernmentspersistinspendingbillionsofdollarsonspaceexplorationwhenstarvationandpovertycontinuetogripmanycountriesthroughouttheworld?Thisparticularquestionisbeingraisedbyaneverincreasingnumberofpeople.既然世界上許多國(guó)家仍被饑餓和貧困所困擾，為什么有的政府還堅(jiān)持花費(fèi)數(shù)十億美元用于太空探索？現(xiàn)在越來越多的人提出這個(gè)問題。Judgingfromthereamsofevidencepresented,wecansafelyconcludethattheThreeGorgesProjectwillchangethelivesofanuntoldnumberofpeopleforever.根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的大量證據(jù)，我們可以有把握地得出這樣的結(jié)論：三峽工程將永遠(yuǎn)改變無數(shù)人的生活。TheampleevidencepresentedenablesustoreasonablyconcludethatthescourgeofAIDSwillbebroughtundercontrolintheforeseeablefuture.提出的充分證據(jù)使我們能夠合理地得出這樣的結(jié)論：艾滋病的禍害在可預(yù)見的將來就能得到控制。Wemustseekimmediatesolutionsforproblemsleadingtotherapiddepletionoftheearth'sozonelayer.Ifallowedtoproceedunchecked,theproblemwillundoubtedlyexacerbateglobalwarmingandthreatenlifeasweknowittoday.我們必須尋求立即解決引起地球臭氧層快速損耗的問題的辦法。如果任其自由發(fā)展，這一問題無疑會(huì)加劇全球升溫，并且正如今天我們所知道的那樣危及生命。Quiteobviously,immediateactionisneededtoextricate80millionChinesepeoplefromthegripsofpovertyinordertoremovethedangerofsocialunrestandensurecontinuingstability.很明顯，需要立即采取行動(dòng)使八千萬中國(guó)人擺脫貧困，從而消除社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩的危險(xiǎn)，確保持續(xù)的穩(wěn)定。Chinaneedstoreexaminetheresultsofpoliticalandsocialmodernizationinordertoascertainthebenefitsandindeedthedetrimentalaspectsfromanewperspective.Otherwise,variousperceivedaccomplishmentsmightinfactprovetobefarfrombeneficial.中國(guó)需要重新檢查政治和社會(huì)現(xiàn)代化帶來的結(jié)果以便從新的角度明確它們的好處，甚至是有害的方面。否則，許多我們以為取得的成就實(shí)際上可能完全不會(huì)帶來好處。Itishightimeweputanendtothedeplorablepracticeofinfanticide.我們?cè)缭摱沤^殺嬰這種應(yīng)遭譴責(zé)的做法。Thereislittledoubtthatimmediateactionisrequiredtoeliminatethescourgeofcorruptiononceandforever.毫無疑問，必須立即采取行動(dòng)徹底消除腐敗的禍害。Inshort,wemustworkdiligentlytomaketheworldabetterplaceforcominggenerations.Wemustnotpersistinpursuitsharmfultotheenvironment.簡(jiǎn)而言之，我們必須勤奮工作，為了下一代把世界變成更美好的地方。我們不應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持對(duì)環(huán)境有害的追求。Wemustavoidoverindulgenceandconspicuousconsumption.Wemustinsteadcontinuetorecognizethebenefitsofthriftinordertoprotectournewfoundprosperity.我們必須避免過分放縱和鋪張浪費(fèi)。相反，我們應(yīng)該繼續(xù)發(fā)揚(yáng)節(jié)儉的優(yōu)點(diǎn)以守護(hù)我們新獲得的繁榮。Whileachievingsuccessiseasiersaidthandone,persistencedoesinfactpayoff.Oneofthemostimportanttraitsofasuccessfulpersonisself-confidence,anotherisdesire,andstillanotherisdetermination.獲得成功說起來比做起來容易，然而堅(jiān)持不懈確實(shí)會(huì)有好結(jié)果。成功人士的最重要的特征之一是自信，第二是渴望，還有一個(gè)是決心。Recognizingaproblemisthefirststepinfindingasolution.認(rèn)識(shí)到問題是找到解決辦法的第一步。Immediatesolutionsforsolvingproblemssurroundingpovertyremainelusive.However,publicrecognitionofthenecessitytoprovideabetterqualityoflifeformillionsofpeoplewillrepresentthefirststepinfindingeffectivesolutions.立即解決貧困問題的辦法仍然是難以捉摸的。然而，公眾認(rèn)識(shí)到為數(shù)百萬人提供更高質(zhì)量的生活的必要性是找到有效的解決辦法的第一步。Whatdosethefutureholdifmankindpersistsinwastingnaturalresources?Whilenooneknowsforsure,scientistsdoexhibitadegreeofcertaintywhenpredictingthatfuturegenerationswillfaceadramaticallydiffrerntworld.如果人類繼續(xù)浪費(fèi)自然資源，未來將會(huì)有什么貯藏？沒有人知道明確的答案，但是，科學(xué)家在預(yù)測(cè)后代將面對(duì)一個(gè)迥然不同的世界時(shí)確實(shí)有一定的把握。Reversingundesirablesocialtrendswillbefarfromaneasytaskandwillrequireadramaticchangeinattitudes.Akeenawarenessofrightfromwrongisessentialfordeterminingappropriatesocialbehavior.扭轉(zhuǎn)不好的社會(huì)趨勢(shì)遠(yuǎn)非一件易事，看法需要有巨大的變化。對(duì)正誤的深刻認(rèn)識(shí)是判定得體的社會(huì)行為所必需的。Weoweadebtofgratitudetothemanyindividualswhodedicatedtheirlivestomakingtheworldabetterplace.However,wemustnotrestontheiraccomplishments,butmustinsteadworkassiduouslytorecordevengreaterachievements.我們應(yīng)該感謝許多為把世界變得更美好而奉獻(xiàn)一生的人。然而，我們不能依靠他們的成績(jī)，而必須努力工作，取得更輝煌的成就。ThetwomajorchallengesfacingChinatodaycenteronmaintainingsustainedeconomicgrowthandfeedingitsgrowingpopulationofover1.2billionpeoplewithonlysevenpercentoftheworld'scultivableland.Despitethemonumentaldifficultiesinvolved,Chinesepeoplewillundoubtedlyexhibittheirindefatigableresilienceandachievegreatsuccessinbothregards.現(xiàn)在，中國(guó)面臨的兩大挑戰(zhàn)是保持持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和靠世界上僅僅百分之七的可耕地養(yǎng)活仍在增長(zhǎng)的12億人口。盡管遇到的困難很大，中國(guó)人無疑會(huì)表現(xiàn)出不知疲倦的活力，在兩方面都取得巨大成功。Wedo,infact,havealongwaytogotoreachourfinalgoal,butachievingsomeremainswellwithintherealmofpossibility.事實(shí)上，我們達(dá)到最終的目標(biāo)還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走，但是，取得一些成績(jī)還是可能做到的。Thetimeisrightforustotakefulladvantageofampleexistingopportunities.這正是我們充分利用大量現(xiàn)有機(jī)會(huì)的時(shí)候。Whileitremainstobeseenwhetherornotenvironmentaldeteriorationcanbecontrolled,thecurrentprospectsarefarfromencouraging.Peoplearoundtheworldmustactimmediatelytopreventthesituationfromdeterioratingevenfurther.環(huán)境惡化是否能得到控制這個(gè)問題仍然沒有答案，但目前的前景一點(diǎn)兒也不樂觀。全世界的人必須立即行動(dòng)，防止情況進(jìn)一步惡化。Themethodologysuggestedmaynotguaranteeultimatesuccess,buttheeventualpay-offcouldwellbeworththeeffort.Achievingevenpartialsuccesswillbenefitmankindandcontributetocreatingabetterworld.提出的方法不一定保證最終的成功，但最后的結(jié)果非常值得付出努力。即使只獲得部分成功也會(huì)使人類受益，有利于創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更美好的世界。Admittedly,ensuringsustainabledevelopmentwillrequireacertainlevelofsacrificeandarduouseffortsonthepartofallpeople.Nonetheless,theaccruedreturnswillbothstrengthenthenationandensureabetterlifeforallChinesecitizens.誠(chéng)然，確保持續(xù)的發(fā)展需要人們做出一定程度的犧牲和辛勤努力。但是，積累的成果不僅能使國(guó)家更強(qiáng)大，而且能保證中國(guó)公民過上更美好的生活。TherapidemergenceofhomesforseniorcitizensrepresentsasharpdivergencefromthetraditionalChinesepracticeofmaintainingthenuclearfamilyatallcosts.老人療養(yǎng)院的迅速出現(xiàn)體現(xiàn)了與中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的不惜一切代價(jià)維持核心家庭的做法的顯著分歧。Participatingininteractiveexperiencesbeneficialtoallissomethingthatnooneshouldmiss.Thevaluablelessonslearnedtherefromshouldnotbearbitrarilydismissed,butshouldinsteadbetreasured.參加對(duì)所有人都有益的互動(dòng)式體驗(yàn)是任何一個(gè)人都不應(yīng)該錯(cuò)過的。從中獲得的寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)不應(yīng)該任意拋棄，而應(yīng)該倍加珍惜。Abortionadvocatesmaybecorrectintheirassertionthatthepracticeisanecessarytoolofpopulationcontrol,buttheyseemtoneglectthepreciousnessofhumanlifeinitsearlieststages.人工流產(chǎn)的提倡者認(rèn)為它是控制人口的一種必要手段。他們也許是對(duì)的，但他們可能忽略了人的生命在最初階段的寶貴。Somepeopleassertthatnothingisimpossible.Suchpeopleshouldgetagriponrealityandunderstandit'simpossibletocreateanotherUniverse.Inmoredown-to-earthterms,it'simpossibletoknowwithanycertaintywhetheryouwillliveordietomorrow.一些人斷言沒有什么事是不可能的。這些人應(yīng)該把握現(xiàn)實(shí)，知道再造一個(gè)宇宙是不可能的。更現(xiàn)實(shí)的說法是不可能明確知道明天你會(huì)活著還是會(huì)死。Greedandatotallackofsocialconsciousnesshavebeencitedasmajorreasonsforthedramaticrisecorruption.人們認(rèn)為貪婪和社會(huì)意識(shí)的徹底缺乏是造成腐敗急劇增加的主要原因。ThereareseveralreasonsforthemarkedincreaseinChina'scrimerate—thedramaticinfluxofitinerantworkersinurbanareas;decliningsocialvalues;andwideningdisparitiesbetweenthehavesandhave-nots.中國(guó)的犯罪率顯著升高有很多原因——城區(qū)大量流動(dòng)工人的涌入；社會(huì)價(jià)值的貶低以及貧富之間日益擴(kuò)大的差距。WhyareanincreasingnumberofelderlyChineseparentslivingapartfromtheirchildren?Onereasonistheincreasingupwardmobilityoftheyoungergeneration.Anotherisexpandingsocialopportunitiesfortheelderly.Perhapsthemainreason,however,centersondramaticchangesintraditionalconcepts.為什么越來越多的中國(guó)老人不和他們的孩子住在一起？原因之一是年輕一代的上進(jìn)心增強(qiáng)了。另一個(gè)原因是社會(huì)上老人的機(jī)會(huì)增加了。然而，主要的原因可能是傳統(tǒng)觀念發(fā)生了巨大變化。Whathassparkedtheincreasinginterestinexercise?Foronething,peoplehavegainedagreaterawarenessoftheneedforphysicalfitness.Foranother,theconstantlyimprovingstandardoflivingenablesChinesepeopletopatronizetheincreasingnumberofrecreationalvenues.Themainthingperhapscentersonthehealthcareandpsychologicalbenefitsexerciseprovides.什么引發(fā)了人們對(duì)鍛煉越來越濃的興趣？一方面，人們更加清楚地意識(shí)到保持身體健康的必要性。另一方面，不斷提高的生活水平使中國(guó)人能夠支付增加的娛樂支出。最主要的可能在于鍛煉帶來的保健和心理上的好處。Identifyingthereasonsforanemergingphenomenonwhichinvolvesseveralcomplicatedfactorsisfarfromaneasytask.Forexample,somescientistsattributeenvironmentaldeteriorationtoaseriesofnaturalfactors,whileothersplacetheblamesolelyoninappropriatehumanbehavior.要找到涉及許多復(fù)雜因素的新現(xiàn)象的原因遠(yuǎn)非一件易事。例如，一些科學(xué)家把環(huán)境的惡化歸結(jié)為一些自然因素，而另一些人把責(zé)任都推在人類不適當(dāng)?shù)男袨樯?。Onedoesn'thavetolookfartorealizethedirectcorrelationbetweensmokingandcancer.人們不用花費(fèi)很大力氣就能發(fā)現(xiàn)抽煙和癌癥之間的直接聯(lián)系。Theexplanationforthephenomenonoftherisingteenagesuiciderateinvolvesmanycomplicatedfactors.Someattributetherisetoanoveremphasisonearlysuccess,otherspointtomountingpeerpressure,andstillotherstoconfusionoverchangingsocialvalues.對(duì)上升的少年自殺率的解釋涉及很多復(fù)雜的因素。有的人把上升的原因歸結(jié)為過分強(qiáng)調(diào)少年時(shí)期的成功，有的人指出是因?yàn)椴粩嘣鲩L(zhǎng)的同伴之間的壓力，還有人認(rèn)為是對(duì)不斷變化的社會(huì)價(jià)值的迷茫造成的。Thereasonsforantisocialbehaviorarebothcomplicatedandvaried.Isuggestthephenomenonresultsfrominappropriaterolemodelsandthelackofwell-definednormsofbehavior.However,themainreasonisquitelikelythecontinuingdegenerationofsocialvalues.反社會(huì)行為的原因既復(fù)雜又多樣。我認(rèn)為這種現(xiàn)象是不恰當(dāng)?shù)慕巧湫秃腿鄙傩袨橐?guī)范的很好的定義造成的。然而，主要原因很可能是不斷貶低的社會(huì)價(jià)值。Thecausesofracialhatredarenotreadilydefinable.Sociologists,however,attributethemtothemisguidedconceptofasuperiorraceandaninnatemistrustofpeopleofcolor.Perhapsthemaincauseisquitesimplyignorance.種族仇恨的起因沒有現(xiàn)成的答案。然而，社會(huì)學(xué)家把原因歸結(jié)為被誤導(dǎo)的更高貴的種族的觀念以及天生的對(duì)有色人種的不信任。主要原因可能僅僅是因?yàn)闊o知。Theincidencerateofcancermainlystemsfromseveralfactors,includinginappropriatediets,poorhealthcarepracticesandthelackofearlydetection.Continuingmedicaladvancesandrisingawarenessdo,however,offerpromisinghopeforthefuture.癌癥的發(fā)病率主要由以下諸多因素引起，包括不適當(dāng)?shù)娘嬍场⒉缓玫谋＝×?xí)慣以及沒有及早發(fā)現(xiàn)。然而，醫(yī)學(xué)的不斷進(jìn)步和對(duì)此不斷增強(qiáng)的關(guān)注給未來帶來了很大的希望。Increasedurbanpollutionlevelsandthemountingdeathtollfrommotorvehiclesaccidentscanmainlybeattributedtotheglutofautomobilesappearingoncityroadsinrecentyears.Detrimentalfactorswillquitelikelyoutweighthebenefitsofrisingautomobileusage.城市人口的增長(zhǎng)和車禍中死亡率的增加主要是由于近年內(nèi)充斥城市道路的汽車。汽車使用量的增加帶來的有害因素很有可能超過它的好處。TherisingdivorcerateinChinacan,atleastinpart,beattributedtospousalincompatibility,disparitiesineducationlevels,changingsocialattitudesandtheincreasingupwardmobilityoftheyoungergeneration.中國(guó)上升的離婚率可以，至少部分可以歸結(jié)為婚姻的不和諧，受教育水平的差異，變化的社會(huì)看法以及年輕一代不斷增強(qiáng)的上進(jìn)心。State-ownedenterprisesarenotonlyfailingbecauseofinefficientmanagement,butalsobecauseoftheirinabilitytoawitchoperationalmodesfromtheformerplannedeconomytothenewmarketeconomy.國(guó)有企業(yè)失敗不僅由于低效的管理，也因?yàn)樗麄儾荒軐?shí)現(xiàn)從以前的計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)到新的市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的運(yùn)作模式的轉(zhuǎn)換。Althoughwedonotknowthelong-termconsequencesofseparationordeprivation,wedoknowthattheycanproduceacuteimmediatedistress.雖然我們不知道分離和喪失親人的長(zhǎng)期后果，但我們知道它們能立即引起劇烈的悲痛。Onecanraedilytracethedisappearanceofdinosaurstoamajorcataclysmicevent.人們很容易把恐龍消失的原因歸結(jié)為重大的災(zāi)難性事件。Theraesonsforpovertyaremany,butforthemostpartcenteronilliteracy,thelackofopportunitiesandinsomecasespurelaziness.貧困的原因很多，但主要是因?yàn)槿鄙俳逃?、缺少機(jī)會(huì)，有的情況下純粹是由于懶惰。Childdevelopmentdependsonanumberoffactors,bothphysicalandpsychological.Correctparentalnurturingfrominfancythroughadolescencedeterminesboththephysicalandmentalprofileofamatureindividual.兒童的發(fā)展取決于很多因素，包括生理的和心理的。從嬰兒期到青春期的正確的家長(zhǎng)教育決定一個(gè)成熟的個(gè)人的體質(zhì)及智力的狀況。Factorssuchasself-condidenceandambition,combinedwithdeterminationandwillpower,contributetoeventualsuccessorfailure.自信、雄心，加上決心和毅力等因素是造成最終的成功或失敗的原因。VariousfactorswillweighheavilyonChina'seventualentryintotheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO).Onecentersonthetotalabandonmentofprotectionism,andtheotherontheadoptionofgenerallyacceptedinternationalaccountingnorms.許多因素對(duì)中國(guó)最終加入世界貿(mào)易組織(WTO)有很大的影響。因素之一是徹底放棄保護(hù)主義，另一個(gè)因素是采用普遍接受的國(guó)際會(huì)計(jì)規(guī)范。Oneofthemostcommonfailuresofpeopletodayistoavoidtellingthetruth.Peoplemustrealizethatavoidanceandlyinghaveneverinthepastand,infact,neverwillrightawrong.如今人類最常見的一個(gè)不足是不說真話。人們必須意識(shí)到不說真話、說謊話在過去沒有，事實(shí)上，將來也永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)變錯(cuò)誤為正確。Centralplanninghas,atleastinpart,beenblamedforthecurrentdemiseofstate-ownedenterprises.Perhaps,however,thegreatestblameshouldbeplacedonfactorssuchasgrosslyinefficientmanagement;therampantpracticeof"guanxi",cronyismandnepotism;excessivelylargeworkforces;abusesofsocialbenefits;andwithoutadoubtcorruption.人們認(rèn)為中央計(jì)劃至少是現(xiàn)在國(guó)有企業(yè)失敗的部分原因。然而，最主要的原因可能是極低效的管理、關(guān)系的普遍運(yùn)用、任用親信和裙帶關(guān)系、大量過剩的勞動(dòng)力、社會(huì)救濟(jì)金的濫用，當(dāng)然還包括腐敗。Arecentsurveyrevealedlargedisparitiesintheincomelevelsofmaleandfemaleworkersholdingthesameposition.Thedeterminingfactorshouldbequalifications,ratherthangender,whendeterminingboththesalaryandpositionofanindividual.最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查表明在同樣職位上的男性與女性工人的收入水平存在差異。在決定工人工資和職位的時(shí)候，決定因素應(yīng)該是資格，而不是性別。Socialfinesse,willingnesstorelocateandlanguagecapacityarealsodeterminantfactorainassessingjobqualifications.社交手腕、愿意調(diào)動(dòng)以及語言能力也是評(píng)估工作資格的決定性因素。ThetumultuousCulturalRevolutionwaschieflyresponsibleforthesearingdesireforchangeinChina.混亂的文化大革命是引起對(duì)中國(guó)發(fā)生變化的極度渴望的主要原因。TraditionalbeliefsdonotinthemselvesexplainthelingeringprevalenceofoutdatedconceptsinChina.傳統(tǒng)信仰本身不能解釋過時(shí)觀念為何仍然在中國(guó)普遍存在。SomelaytheblameforfallingexportssquarelyonfinancialturmoilsweepingmanyAsiancountries.Thefactofthematteris,however,thatproportionateblameshouldbeassignedtothelackadaisicalapproachtodevelopingnewmarkets,failuretoimproveproductqualityandgovernmentinactionintherealmofsupport.有的人干脆認(rèn)為造成出口下降的原因是橫掃亞洲許多國(guó)家的金融危機(jī)。然而，事實(shí)是一部分原因應(yīng)歸結(jié)為開拓新市場(chǎng)的不得力的方法、改進(jìn)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的失敗以及政府沒有表示支持的行動(dòng)。Weoftenignoretherealproblemandinsteadsearchforaneedleinahaystack.Solvingproblemsofanykindrequiresonetoadoptadirectapproachwhichaddressesallrelevantissues.我們經(jīng)常忽略實(shí)際問題，而是大海撈針。解決任何類型的問題都需要一個(gè)人采取直接的辦法處理所有相關(guān)事情。Claimingalackofopportunitiesisnothingmorethanasuperficialexcuseforjustifyingfailure.Thefundamentalreasonforfailureismostoftenthelackofdriveonthepartoftheindividualinvolved.聲稱缺少機(jī)會(huì)不過是敷衍失敗的借口。通常，失敗最根本的原因是相關(guān)的個(gè)人本身缺乏動(dòng)力。Wecan,andquiteoftendo,blameourcontemporariesforpersonalfailures,butthefactofthematteristhattherootcausesformostproblemsgomuchdeeper.我們可以，而且經(jīng)常因個(gè)人的失敗抱怨我們的同時(shí)代人，但是，事實(shí)是許多問題的根本原因要深刻得多。Therapidlyemergingsexualrevolutionhasbeenaccompaniedbymanydisturbingtrends.Perhapsthemostseriousconsequencescenterontherapidspreadofsexuallytransmitteddiseases(STDs),risingprostitutionandtheriseinAIDScases.伴隨著迅速出現(xiàn)的性革命有很多令人煩惱的趨勢(shì)。最嚴(yán)重的后果可能是性傳染病的迅速蔓延、賣淫現(xiàn)象及艾滋病患者的增多。Thedeepimpactofopeningtotheoutsideworldisreadilydiscernibleinanumberofareas:theadoptionofmanyWesternhabits,bothgoodandbad;changingsocialandmoralvalues;thetrendtowardsindividualism;andtheintroductionofstate-of-the-artconceptsandtechnology.ThekeytoadoptingWesternwaycentersonacceptingthegoodandrejectingthebad.對(duì)外開放的深刻影響在許多方面都能看到：模仿西方的習(xí)慣，包括好的和壞的；改變社會(huì)和道德價(jià)值觀；個(gè)人主義的趨勢(shì)；引進(jìn)已發(fā)展的概念和技術(shù)。采取西方方式的關(guān)鍵在于取其精華，去其糟粕。Thearrivaloftheso-called"InformationAge"willundoubtedlyhaveaprofoundinfluenceonourlives.Thetaskathandcenteronusingthetechnologyforbeneficialpurposes,whileatthesametimepreventingintrusionsofprivacyanduseoftheelectronichighwayfordeceitfulpurposes.所謂“信息時(shí)代”的來臨無疑將深刻地影響我們的生活。手頭的任務(wù)主要是利用技術(shù)達(dá)到有意的目的，同時(shí)，防止侵犯隱私或者出于欺騙的目的利用電子高速路。Noonecandoubtthatthereformandopeningpoliciesintroducedin1979havehadaprofoundimpactonthelivesofChinesecitizens.Changesresultingtherefromhavenotonlyimpactedtheeconomicsystem,butthesocialsystemaswell.沒有人能懷疑1979年推出的改革開放政策對(duì)中國(guó)公民的生活產(chǎn)生了深刻的影響。由此造成的變化不僅影響了經(jīng)濟(jì)體制，而且影響了社會(huì)體制。Itwillhaveadirectbearingonthematterunderdiscussion.這將和正在討論的問題有直接關(guān)系。Rapideconomicgrowthmayleadtoanoverextensionofresourcesandleadtoaneventualcatastrophicmeltdown.經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速增長(zhǎng)可能導(dǎo)致過度使用資源，并引起最終巨大的災(zāi)難。Theimmediateresultsofeconomicgrowthhavecreatedtheillusionofunendingprosperity.Thebestapproachatthisparticulartimeistoperhapserronthesideofcaution.經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的直接結(jié)果是造成了關(guān)于無止境繁榮的幻想?，F(xiàn)在這個(gè)特定時(shí)刻最好的辦法也許是慎之又慎。Thebenefitsoftechnologyareundeniable.Nonetheless,thefactthattechnologyoftennegatestheneedforhumanbeingsintheworkplacedeservescarefulconsiderationandretrainingprogramsforaffectedindividualsmustbeintroduced.技術(shù)的好處不容否認(rèn)。然而，技術(shù)經(jīng)常否認(rèn)工作場(chǎng)所需要人類，這一點(diǎn)值得仔細(xì)考慮，而且，為受到影響的個(gè)人推出再培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目是必需的Thelackoffaithingovernmentisthedirectresultoftheprevailingdistrustofpoliticians.對(duì)政府缺乏信心是普遍存在的對(duì)政府官員的不信任直接造成的。Theadvantagesofharmoniousrelationsfaroutweighthedisadvantagesofconfrontation.和諧關(guān)系的好處遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于沖突的壞處。Thecontrastbetweenrightandwrongishighlightedbythebenefitsaccruingfromtheformer.由于正確而得到的好處更加強(qiáng)調(diào)了正誤的對(duì)比。Themoststrikingconclusionthatcanbereachedwhenweighingtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthemarketeconomyisquitefranklyprosperity.很坦率地說，在權(quán)衡市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的利弊時(shí)能得出的最顯著的結(jié)論是繁榮。Theridiculousamountofmoneysomecountriesspendonmilitaryhardwareisabsurdwhenconsideringthenumberofpeoplestarvinginmanydevelopingcountries.考慮到一些發(fā)展中國(guó)家挨餓的人的數(shù)量，一些國(guó)家把大量資金花費(fèi)在重型軍事裝備上顯得很荒謬。Whilethelong-termproblemofglobalwarmingisindeedserious,itssignificancediminishessomewhatwhenconsideringimmediateproblemssuchasrapidenvironmentaldeteriorationandtherampantmisuseandabuseofnonrenewableresources.雖然全球變暖這一長(zhǎng)期的問題確實(shí)很嚴(yán)重，但考慮到諸如環(huán)境的迅速惡化和不可更新資源的普遍濫用等當(dāng)前的問題，它的重要性就有所降低了。Owningacarmightbepreferabletoowningabicycle,buttheproblemsassociatedwithowningtheformerfaroutweighthoseofthelatter.Foronething,automobilesareexponentiallymoreexpensiveandrequiregreatermaintenance.Foranother,bicyclesdon'tpollute.與擁有一輛自行車相比，人們更愿意擁有一輛汽車，但擁有后者涉及的問題遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過前者。原因之一，汽車昂貴很多，需要更多的維護(hù)。原因之二，自行車不會(huì)引起污染。Claimsofgenderequalityarelacedwithcontradictions.Theprincipalfallacycentersontheworkplaceandconceptofequalpayforequalwork.Another,butnolessimportant,aspectrevolvesaroundtheentryofwomenintotopmanagementpositions.性別平等的呼聲中有少量自相矛盾的內(nèi)容。最大的謬誤在于工作場(chǎng)所和同工同酬的概念。另一個(gè)同樣重要的方面與女性進(jìn)入最高管理職位緊密相關(guān)。Nothingapproachestheloveofamotherforherchild.沒有東西可以和母愛相比。Fewscientificandtechnologicalachievementsequalthesuccessoflandingmenonthemoon.幾乎沒有科技成就能與人類成功登陸月球同日而語。Aquestionbeggingananswercentersonwhetherviolenceismoredirectlyrelatedtotheinnatecharacteristicofhumanbeing,orwhetheritissimplyamanifestationoftheillsofsociety.Determiningtheanswerwillbefarfromaneasyproposition,butisnonethelessonethatdeservescarefulanddeliberateconsideration.需要回答的一個(gè)問題是：暴力與人類的天性聯(lián)系更直接還是僅僅是社會(huì)惡習(xí)的體現(xiàn)？做出回答遠(yuǎn)非易事，而是值得仔細(xì)而審慎地考慮的事情。Fromthestandpointofsuccess,agoodworkethicisnolessimportantthananeducation.Successdoes,infact,dependonthetotalintegrationofbothaspects.從成功的角度來說，良好的職業(yè)道德與教育同等重要。事實(shí)上，成功的確建立在兩方面完全融合的基礎(chǔ)上。Thegrowingtrendforwivestoworkoutsidethehomeevenwhentheirhusbandsarepresentandemployedisinpartasharingofthefinancialburdenwiththehusband,andinpartareflectionoftheneedthesewomenfeeltohaveameasurablesenseofpersonalworth.越來越多的妻子到外面工作，甚至和她們的丈夫再一起工作，一方面是為了和丈夫共同承擔(dān)經(jīng)濟(jì)重?fù)?dān)，一方面反映了女性感到需要有可衡量的個(gè)人價(jià)值。Justashonorisaprerequisiteforrespectability,soisunblemishedcharacterabarometerofintegrity.正如聲譽(yù)是可敬的前提條件，無暇疵的品格是正直的晴雨表。Beautyisintheeyeofthebeholderandthesameistrueforboththeappreciationofartandmusic.美在觀察者的眼中，美術(shù)和音樂的欣賞也是如此。Thedirectcorrelationbetweenself-esteemandsuccessalsoappliestoone'sabilitytoachieve.自尊和成功的直接聯(lián)系也適用于一個(gè)人取得成就的能力。Improvingtheplightofteachersisindeedapriorityitem.However,improvingtheoveralleducationsystemislikewisenolessimportant.改善教師的困難處境的確是優(yōu)先處理的一件事情。但是，改進(jìn)整個(gè)教育系統(tǒng)同等重要。ChinaandUnitedStatessharemanythingsincommon.Firstly,botharemajor