(外刊閱讀)土耳其餐館小費指南學案-高三英語二輪復習

外刊1主題語境：跨文化交際體裁：說明文閱讀建議時長：7min原文出處：TheDailyMeal詞數(shù)：326難度：★★文章導讀：在土耳其的餐館給服務員小費是一種常見的做法，但不是強制性的。到底怎么付，付多少，是否有規(guī)定還是約定俗成？TippingGuidesforRestaurantsinTurkey土耳其餐館小費指南WhiletippingatrestaurantsinTurkeyisacommonpractice,itisnotcompulsory.Theamountyougiveusuallydependsonthequalityoftheservice.Itisnotnecessarytotipextraordinarily

much.Theexpectedminimumisaround10%ofthetotalbill.Ifyouenjoyedyourexperienceandfound

yourconsumptiontotallyworthit,Turkeyisnotaculturewheretheygetoffended

becauseyoutiptoohighly.Theywillreallyappreciateitonlyifyouthinktheirserviceisgood.Whenthereisaservicechargeincludedinthebill,youarenotexpectedtoleaveanadditionaltip.Therefore,youwon’tfeelawkwardifyoudon’ttipbecausetippingisusuallynotanticipatedinbarsandcafes.InTurkey,theyusetheTurkishLira.Typically,whengivingatipyoushouldtipinLirabecausethismeansthepersonreceivingthetipcanspenditwithoutthetroubletoexchangeit.

However,ifyouhaverunoutofLiraandarenotnearanATM①,theymightacceptyourtipinEuros,BritishPounds,orU.S.Dollars

especiallywhenbookingrestaurants.

Inmostcases,tippingisacash-onlyservice.Insomerestaurantswhenyoupaybycreditcard,itmightofferyouthealternativetoaddatipduringthepayment.However,it’sbettertogiveyourtipincashwhenyoucan,inthiswayyouknowthetipgoestotheserverdirectlybutnotintothecompany.WorkingouthowmuchyoutipinLiraisalwaysastrugglebecausetheexchangerateisalwayschanging.Wealwaysrecommendworkingouttheestimated

amountyouwanttotipinU.S.dollars,andthenexchangingitforLiraontheday.Remember—tippingisathankyouforgoodservice,notanobligation.

Ifyouareunsureabouttipping,itisalwaysbesttoaskalocaltofindoutwhatthecustomisforthat.文化拓展①ATM：automatedtellermachine的縮寫，意為：自動提款機，自動出納機。詞匯積累核心詞匯釋義compulsory

/k?m?p?ls?ri/adj.（因法律或規(guī)則而）必須做的；必修的，義務的compulsorily

adv.強制地，強迫地；必須地extraordinarily

/?k?str??dnr?li/adv.極其；不尋常地extraordinary

adj.不平常的；非凡的minimum

/?m?n?m?m/adj.

最小的，最低限度的；n.

最小值，最低限；adv.

最低，至少minimize

v.

減少，降低；使減少到最低限度consumption

/k?n?s?mp?(?)n/n.消費；消耗，消耗量consume

v.消耗，耗費；吃，喝consumer

n.消費者，顧客，用戶offend/??fend/v.

得罪，冒犯；犯罪；有悖于offense/offence

n.

犯罪，罪行；冒犯，侮辱awkward/???kw?d/adj.令人尷尬的，使人難堪的；笨拙的awkwardness

n.尷尬，笨拙anticipate/?n?t?s?pe?t/v.預料，預期anticipant

adj.預期的anticipation

n.預料，預期，預見，預計alternative

/??l?t??n?t?v/n.可供選擇的事物adj.可供替代的alternatively

adv.要不，或者estimate/?est?m?t/v.估價，估算estimated

adj.估計的，預計的estimation

n.估計，估算；判斷，評價拓展詞匯釋義Lira

/?l??r?/n.

里拉（意大利、土耳其貨幣單位）Euro/?j??r??/n.歐元：歐盟中19個國家的貨幣obligation

/??bl??ɡe??(?)n/n.義務；職責，責任金句賞析1.Ifyouenjoyedyourexperienceandfoundyourconsumptiontotallyworthit,Turkeyisnotaculturewheretheygetoffendedbecauseyoutiptoohighly.【句意】如果你很享受自己的用餐體驗并認為你的消費物有所值，土耳其人不會因為你給的小費太多而感覺受到冒犯。【句式剖析】句子主干：...Turkeyisnotaculture...①Ifyouenjoyed...andfound...,是if引導的條件狀語從句，其中enjoyed和found作從句的并列謂語；②wheretheygetoffended是關系副詞where引導的定語從句，修飾先行詞culture；③becauseyoutiptoohighly是because引導的原因狀語從句。2.Typically,whengivingatipyoushouldtipinLirabecausethismeansthepersonreceivingthetipcanspenditwithoutthetroubletoexchangeit.【句意】通常情況下，給小費時你應該用里拉，因為這意味著收小費的人可以不用費力去兌換就可以花掉小費?！揪涫狡饰觥烤渥又鞲?

...youshouldtip...①whengivingatip是省略的狀語從句，當when引導的時間狀語從句其從句的主語和主句的主語是同一個或同一些人時，從句的謂語動詞為be動詞+doing形式，可以把從句的主語和be動詞省略，即用whendoingsth，如此處可還原為whenyouaregivingatip；②becausethismeans...withoutthetroubletoexchangeit是because引導的原因狀語從句；③theperson...toexchangeit省略了that的賓語從句，作動詞means的賓語；④receivingthetip是v-ing形式作定語，修飾名詞person；⑤withoutthetroubletoexchangeit是介詞without引導的介詞短語，在句子作伴隨狀語，其中toexchangeit是不定式短語作定語，修飾trouble。配套練習一、單句語法填空ca6d0879-8925-4c83-bc97-28a5f36d3834(1)

It________

(estimate)thatover1,000peopleattendedtheconcert.(2)

Nobodyexpectslongertalk,sokeepinmindthatyoushouldalwaysmakeyourtalkjustabitshorterthan__________

(anticipate).(3)

Thefirstuniquehumancharacteristicisthathumanshave__________

(extraordinary)largebrainscomparedwithotheranimals.(4)

Theagencywillmaketravelarrangementsforyou.__________

(alternative),youcanorganizeyourowntransport.(5)

Inthisinstance,thebestsolutionistosendaquick,light-heartedapologytoexplainyour__________

(awkward).(6)

Schoolsacrossthecountryshouldtakesafetyeducationseriouslyandcarryitout__________

(compulsory).(7)

Thecompanywasfinedforcommittingan________

(offend)undertheenvironmentalprotectionlaws.(8)

MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforthenewcomersandlocalshopingtoexperiencethecityinahealthywaywith__________

(最小的)effort.(9)

Bythetimeapersonentersacollege,sheorheshouldadjustherorhis__________

(consume)accordingtoherorhisfamilyincome.二、句子翻譯b5024f43-c390-4754-b892-7e71ffd15cfc(1)

很多國家正在建立國家公園，在那里動植物能夠得到保護。(where引導定語從句)_________________________________________________________________________(2)

當旅游到一個新城市時，你應該調(diào)查當?shù)氐木包c和活動。(when+doing結構)_________________________________________________________________________三、其他cad00bdb-4534-4097-a54d-833bc22f6c28(1)

Whatisthepurposeoftipping?A.ToavoidoffendingthecultureB.Toshowoffwealth.C.Topitytheservers.D.Toexpresssatisfaction.(2)

WhyistippingnotexpectedinbarsandcafesinTurkey?A.Servicechargeisalreadyincludedinthebill.B.Turkishserversreceivegiftsinsteadoftips.C.Serverstherearenotallowedtoaccepttips.D.Tippingthereisonlyexpectedforexceptionalservice.(3)

Whyisitbettertogiveyourtipincash?A.Youcanavoidpayingtaxesonthetip.B.Itisconsideredrudetotipwithacreditcard.C.CreditcardpaymentsarenotacceptedfortipsinTurkey.D.Theservermaynotreceivethetipifitisaddedtoacreditcardpayment.(4)

WhatmakesworkingoutthetipfromdollartoLiradifficult?A.Thedifferenceoftheplaces.B.Thechangeableexchangerate.C.Thevarietiesofforeignmoney.D.Thevariousqualityofservice.參考答案

外刊1配套練習一、單句語法填空【答案】1.is/wasestimated

2.anticipated

3.extraordinarily

4.Alternatively

5.awkwardness

6.compulsorily

7.offense/offence

8.minimum

9.consumption

二、句子翻譯【答案】1.Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparkswhereanimalsandplantscanbeprotected.

2.Whentravelingtoanewcity,youshouldresearchthe