Unit2OnwardsandupwardsUsinglanguage學(xué)案含解析選擇性必修第一冊(cè)06042188

PAGEUnit2OnwardsandupwardsUsinglanguage語法精講·深化學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)名詞與不定式作賓語(-ingandto-infinitiveasobject)觀察上面對(duì)話,并完成句子。1.It’sapayday,andtheyarewaitingtobepaid(pay).

2.Nomatterhowharditis,we’llkeeptrying(try)untilwemakeit.一、動(dòng)名詞作賓語1.動(dòng)名詞可以跟在動(dòng)詞后面作賓語。常見的只能接動(dòng)名詞不能接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有:表示“建議”“完成”“推遲”和“想象”:suggest,finish,postpone,delay,imagine表示“需要”“承認(rèn)”“介意”和“原諒”:require,admit,mind,pardon,excuse表示“避免”“冒險(xiǎn)”“練”“逃”和“錯(cuò)過”:avoid,risk,practice,escape,miss表示“允許”“考慮”“理解”“喜歡”和“欣賞”:allow,permit,consider,understand,enjoy,appreciate*Idon’tlikewatchingtelevisionbutIenjoylisteningtotheradio.我不喜歡看電視,但是喜歡聽收音機(jī)。*Hetriedtoavoidansweringmyquestions.他試圖對(duì)我的問題避而不答。2.動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語常用在動(dòng)詞短語后。insiston,keepon,getusedto,seeto,payattentionto,taketo,giveup,aimat,believein,beengagedin,carefor,accuse...of,putoff,prevent...from,thank...for,devote...to,dependon,setabout,befondof,betiredof,succeedin,bekeenon,worryabout,apologizefor,feellike,dreamof,leadto,beworth*Heinsistedondoingitinhisownway.他堅(jiān)持要按照自己的方法做。*It’squitehottoday.Doyoufeellikegoingforaswim?今天很熱。你愿意去游泳嗎?動(dòng)詞-ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(1)形容詞性物主代詞+動(dòng)詞-ing(2)人稱代詞賓格+動(dòng)詞-ing(3)名詞所有格+動(dòng)詞-ing(4)名詞+動(dòng)詞-ingWouldyoumindmy/meusingyourcellphone?你介意我用你的手機(jī)嗎?Iknewnothingaboutthewindowbeingopen.我一點(diǎn)兒也不知道窗戶開著。【巧學(xué)助記】只能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞(短語)口訣完成實(shí)踐值得忙(finish,practice,beworth,bebusy)繼續(xù)習(xí)慣別放棄(keepon,beusedto,giveup)考慮建議不禁想(consider,suggest,can’thelp,feellike)喜歡思念要介意(enjoy,miss,mind)語法填空。(1)Youngpeoplemayriskgoing(go)deafiftheyareexposedtoveryloudmusiceveryday.(2)—Haveyoufinishedwriting(write)yourcomposition?

—Notyet.(3)Theforeignfriendsarelookingforwardtobeingshown(show)aroundourschool.

(4)Iusedtopracticespeaking(speak)Englisheverymorningatuniversity.(5)Idon’tagreethisisofpoorquality.Forastart,itisabookwellworthreading(read).

二、不定式作賓語1.只能以不定式作賓語,而不能以動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞有:(“希望”干)wish,hope,expect,long,desire;(早“打算”)plan,mean,prepare,attempt,intend;(“同意”“否”)agree,consent,refuse,decline;(“尋”“問”看)seek,ask,beg;(“選”“定”了)choose,decide,determine,promise;(“盡”“自愿”)manage,volunteer,tend;(“稱”“失敗”)claim,fail;(“敢”“假裝”)dare,pretend*Thedriverfailedtoseetheothercarintime.司機(jī)沒有及時(shí)看到另一輛車。*ChinahopestopromotethetieswithAngolatoanewstage.中國(guó)希望把和安哥拉的關(guān)系推向新的階段。2.可用于“動(dòng)詞+it+形容詞/名詞+todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞有feel,find,make,think,believe,consider等。*TheyallfeelitveryhardtolearnEnglish.他們都認(rèn)為學(xué)英語很難。3.有些介詞后也可以接不定式作賓語,如介詞but,about,except等。*Thisgirlhadnochoicebuttowait.這個(gè)女孩除了等待別無選擇?！厩蓪W(xué)助記】只能接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞(短語)口訣決定想做計(jì)劃需要同意能做被用來做的事迫不及待下決心做過去常常未能做的事【知識(shí)延伸】動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語,通常有三種形式:(1)一般式:動(dòng)詞不定式的一般式所表示的動(dòng)作通常與謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))同時(shí)發(fā)生,或是在它之后發(fā)生。當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語是其所表示的動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者時(shí),用主動(dòng)形式(todo);當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語是其所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí),用被動(dòng)形式(tobedone)。*Heappearstobeveryhappy.他看起來很高興。*Herefusedtobephotographed.他拒絕讓人拍照。(2)進(jìn)行式:動(dòng)詞不定式的進(jìn)行式(tobedoing)表示動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,并強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性或動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。*WhenIcamein,hepretendedtobesleeping.當(dāng)我進(jìn)來時(shí),他假裝正在睡覺。*IthappenedtoberainingwhenIgotthere.我到達(dá)那里的時(shí)候,碰巧在下雨。(3)完成式:動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式(tohavedone)表示動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前。*Heseemstohavecutoffthewatersupply.他好像已切斷了供水。語法填空。(1)Ihadhopedtosend(send)himatelegramtocongratulatehimonhismarriage,butIdidn’tmanageit.

(2)Thereseemednothinglefttodobutsend(send)forthedoctor.(3)Havingfailedinthedrivingtesttwice,hedecidednottotake(nottake)itagain.

(4)Ifyouwanttogo(go)withus,youshouldbereadybyeighto’clock.

(5)Hegaveussomeadviceonhowtolearn(learn)English.

三、接動(dòng)詞不定式/動(dòng)詞-ing形式意義差別大的動(dòng)詞(短語)*Pleaseremembertogivemybestregardstoyourfamily.請(qǐng)記著代我向你的家人問好。*Istillremembervisitingthemuseumforthefirsttime.我仍記得第一次參觀博物館的情景。*Hetriedtocontrolhisvoice.他盡量控制住自己的聲音。*TheydecidedtheywouldtrylivinginAmerica他們決定在美國(guó)住一段時(shí)間試試。在need,require,want(表”需要”)等動(dòng)詞的后面可接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義),也可接動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式作賓語。語法填空。(1)Theteacherregrettedtotell(tell)Tomhedidn’tpasstheexam,andTomregrettednotstudying(study)hard.

(2)Irememberedtolock(lock)thedoorbeforeIlefttheoffice,butforgottoturn(turn)offthelights.

(3)Afterhefinisheddoing(do)mathshomework,hewentontowrite(write)acomposition.

(4)I’mdeterminedtosolvethismysteryevenifitmeanstraveling(travel)toNewYorkbymyself.(5)Theconditionofthiscarissoserious.Itreallyneedsrepairing/toberepaired(repair)beforedrivingontheroadagain.

使用本單元所學(xué)動(dòng)名詞和不定式的相關(guān)知識(shí),結(jié)合中文提示補(bǔ)全短文。MrZhangisasuccessfulbusinessmaninourcity.Whenhewasfifteenyearsold,hisfamilywassopoorthathehadto(1)quitstudying(退學(xué))atschool.Tohelpsupporthisfamily,hedidlotsofpart-timejobs.Later,he(2)happenedtosave(碰巧挽救了)awealthybusinessman.Thebusinessman(3)promisedtoreward(許諾獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))him.MrZhangtoldhimthathe(4)wantedtosetuphisownbusiness(想創(chuàng)辦自己的公司).HearingwhatMrZhangsaid,thebusinessman(5)agreedtolendhimahand(同意幫他一把).MrZhang’scompanywassetupin2000.Littlebylittle,heearnedalotofmoneyandbecamewealthy.Healways(6)regretsleaving(后悔離開)schoolatayoungage,sohe(7)decidedtogiveawayhismoney(決定捐贈(zèng)他的錢)tothosechildrenwhosefamilieswerepoor.Sincethen,MrZhanghas(8)devotedhimselftohelping(致力于幫助)thoseintrouble.Uptonow,hehasgivenawaytenmillionyuantocharities.AlthoughMrZhangisnowinhissixties,hedoesn’tplanto(9)stopworking(停止工作).Andhe(10)hopestoearnmoremoney(希望掙更多的錢)tohelpmorepeople.

主題活動(dòng)·話題實(shí)踐Ⅰ.話題詞匯1.lookonthebrightside(對(duì)壞情況)持樂觀態(tài)度,看到光明的一面2.notliftafinger一點(diǎn)忙也不幫,油瓶倒了都不扶3.awetblanket掃興的人或物4.aneagerbeaver干活特別賣力的人,對(duì)工作極有熱忱的人5.dragone’sfeet故意拖拉,故意拖延6.turnoveranewleaf改惡從善,重新做人7.ascoolasacucumber鎮(zhèn)定自若8.bemadeupof由……組成9.upsanddowns盛衰,浮沉,苦樂10.lendsb.anear傾聽某人Ⅱ.話題情境根據(jù)情境和提示完成對(duì)話。1.A:Excuseme.How’syourson’smathsgoing?B:Notverywell,butIhaven’tliftedafinger(一點(diǎn)忙也幫不上)

2.A:Let’sgooutingtomorrow,shallwe?B:I’msorry,I’llstayathomeandwatchTV.A:Comeon,don’tbesuchawetblanket(掃興的人).

3.A:WhatdoyouthinkofMike?B:Heisaneagerbeaver(對(duì)工作極有熱忱的人)butheisnotveryorganized.

4.A:Tomisalwayslateforschool.B:That’stoobad.Heneedstoturnoveranewleaf(改惡從善).

5.A:Theexamiscoming.I’mfeelingalittleanxious.B:Youshouldbeascoolasacucumber(鎮(zhèn)定自若)becauseyouarealwaysworkinghard.

Ⅲ.情境句式1.AreyouOK?你還好嗎?2.Idon’tmeantobenosy,butareyousure?我不想多管閑事,但是你確定嗎?3.Whydon’tyoutellmewhat’sup?你為什么不告訴我發(fā)生了什么事?4.I’