2020年高考英語一輪復習講義第1部分選修8Unit1Alandofdiversity

#選修選修8Unit1Alandofdiversity固考基?知識梳理I單詞坦語句型分類盤點 ■［單詞拼寫應用］核心單詞meansn.手段；方法hardshipn.苦難；困苦boomn.(人口、貿(mào)易的)繁榮出處于經(jīng)濟迅速發(fā)展時期occur沅.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)luggagen.行李hire vt.&n.租用；雇用thankful”丐感激的；感謝的reform vt.&況.改革；革新n.改良；改革；改造graspvt.&n.抓??；抓緊；掌握；領會customsn.海關；關稅；進口稅運用］用所給詞的適當形式填空。Itjustoccurred(occur)tomethatifwewantedtogototheseashoreforourvacation，wehadbettermakereservationsinadvance.IamnotcertainwhetherIhavegrasped(grasp)whatyoumeant.Lastyearhehired(hire)threelabourerstohelphisharvest.Inthemeantime,mobileonlineshoppingmarketis_booming(boom)inChina，withanannualgrowthrateof63.5%.Wheneveritis,weshouldkeepathankful(thank)hearttowardseverythingexisted.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceourcountryreformed(reform)andopenedtotheoutsideworld40yearsago.拓展單詞major”辦主要的況.主修n.專業(yè)fmajorityn.大多數(shù)；大半f(反義詞)minorityn.少數(shù)electvt.選擇；決定做某事；選舉某人felectionn.選舉punishv.處罰；懲罰fpunishmentn.處罰；懲罰crossn.十字；交叉”辦交叉的；生氣的v.使交叉；橫過fcrossingn.橫渡；橫越；十字路口；人行橫道facrossprep.在……的對面(過)；朝；向applyvi.申請fapplicantn.申請人fapplicationn.申請書；申請indicatevt.指出；標示；表明；暗示findicationn.跡象；標示findicator一土匕二旦旦土匕二/士旦n.指示器；指示信號apparentadj.顯而易見的；顯然的；表面上的fapparentlyadv.顯然地；顯而易見地racen.種族；比賽fracialad：人種的；種族的［語境運用］用所給詞的適當形式填空。Apparently,shetooknonoticeoftheapparentmistakesintheaccident.(apparent)OneofthemajorproblemsisthatamajorityofthegraduateswhomajorinEnglishfinditdifficulttofindagoodjob.(major)Parentsshouldn'tpunishthechildrenforsmallmistakes,becausetoomuchpunishmentwillleadtotheirlosingconfidence.(punish)“Walkacrossthisstreetandturnleftatthefirstcrossing.”theboytoldthelady.(cross)AlltheapplicantscanapplyinpersonorbyletterandatthesametimeshouldhandintheirapplicationsbeforeMay6th.(apply)閱讀詞匯straitn.海峽Arcticadj.北極的；北極區(qū)的federaladj.聯(lián)邦制的；聯(lián)邦政府的aircraftn.飛行器；航空器；飛機polen.地極；電極；磁極vicen.&adj.代理；副職shavev.刮；剃tramn.（有軌）電車bakeryn.面包房；面包廠seagulln.海鷗cattlen.牛（總稱）mournv.哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛nephewn.侄子；外甥拓展聯(lián)想.單復數(shù)意義不同的名詞小結custom（風俗）fcustoms（海關）manner（方式）fmanners（禮貌）paper（紙）fpapers（文件）④art（藝術）farts（文科）⑤arm（手臂）farms（武器）⑥work（工作）fworks（作品）.帶后綴-ing的名詞集錦?crossing十字路口②training訓練③feeling感覺④wedding婚禮?marketing促車肖?spending花銷?engineering工程.后綴“-or”表示“人”的高頻名詞?conductor售票員；列車員②translator翻譯家；譯者③director導演；主管④educator教育工作者⑤editor編輯⑥inventor發(fā)明家；發(fā)明者⑦operator操作員；接線員熟詞生義你知道下面句子中黑體詞的漢語意思嗎？1．Shefoundherselfrarelycheckingthesocial-networkingsite,lettingdaysorevenweeksslipbybetweenvisits.（時間）不知不覺地過去2．NotoncediditoccurtoMichaelthathecouldonedaybecomeatopstudentinhisclass.想到3.Asvisitors,theleastwecandoisbeciviltothepeopleintheirownland.彬彬有禮的；客氣的［短語多維應用］高頻短語keep_up堅持；維持；沿襲（風俗、傳統(tǒng)等）live_on繼續(xù)存在；繼續(xù)生存make_a_life習慣于新的生活方式、工作等by_means_of用 辦法；借助……occur_to_sb.某人突然想到a_great/good_many許多；很多［語境運用］選用左邊短語的適當形式填空。Inthehistory,theChineseimmigrationintoCaliforniadatesbacktothe1850s.①A_great/good_manyChinesewenttoCalifornia②by_means_ofshipforgoldorjobs.Aftertheirarrival,theyhadto③make_a_lifethere,forwhichsomepeoplesufferedalot,andothers④kept_uptheirChinesecustomsto⑤live_on.高頻短語take_in包括；吸收；欺騙；理解apply_for申請；請示得到mark_out用線畫出范圍；標出……界線back_to_back背靠背team_up_with與合作或一起工作［語境運用］選用左邊短語的適當形式填空。Inthelateryears,⑥the_majority_ofimmigrantsfromChina⑦teamed_up_withthelocalAmericanstobuildtheirnewhomes.Thehard-workingChineseimmigrantsgradually⑧took_inAmericanEnglishto

12.the_majority_of大多數(shù)⑨apply_forjobs.TheydidreallymakeagreatcontributiontothedevelopmentofAmerica.1.“v.+out”結構短語薈萃⑤cutout刪去⑥comeout出版；開③turnin上交拓①markout標出花④takein吸收；欺騙展界線2.“v.+in”結構短語⑤succeedin在聯(lián)②turnout結果是聚焦取得成功想③makeout理解；辨①breakin強行闖入⑥engagein從事；參認出④workout鍛煉②givein屈服；投降加；忙于［句式結構仿寫］教材原句背誦句式仿寫應用1.Itislikelythat...有可能 。However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.有可能我們的父母能更好地理解我們并給我們一些合理的建議。It_is_likely_thatourparentscanunderstandusbetterandgiveussomereasonableadvice.2.Thatiswhy…那就是……的原因。Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.他迷戀電腦游戲，那就是他不得不輟學的原因。Heisaddictedtocomputergames,andthat_is_whyhehastodropoutofschool.3.Itisbelievedthat...人們認為/相信。Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.人們普遍認為書的影響是如此之大，以至于我們的父母總是鼓勵我們養(yǎng)成良好的閱讀習慣，閱讀更多的書籍。It_is_commonly_believed_thattheinfluenceofbooksissogreatthatourparentsalwaysencourageustoformgoodhabitsofreadingandtoreadmorebooks.析考點.重難探究I高頻考點詳剖細解仍—海叱精講4個考綱單詞.meansn.手段；方法(1)單句語法填空①Studentssometimessupportthemselvesbymeansofdoingpart-timejobs.②Everypossiblemeanshas_been_tried(try),butnonehasworked.③Allpossiblemeanshave_been_tried(try),butnonehasworked.④(2018。江蘇卷)Timeismoney,butthatprinciplemeans(mean)differentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.(2)［鏈接寫作］——句式升級(普通表達)Punishmentisbynomeansawisechoicetohelpthemgrowupmentallyandphysically.(高級表達)By_no_means_is_punishment_a_wise_choicetohelpthemgrowupmentallyandphysically.(倒裝)先理解再牢記(1)bythismeans通過這種方法bymeansof用 辦法；借助 byallmeans一定,務必；當然可以bynomeans決不,一點也不(位于句首時,句子用部分倒裝)(2)ameansofcommunication一種通訊/交流工具(3)meanvt.意味著［名師點津］means是單復數(shù)同形的名詞,其謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于means前的修飾語：①若all/some/several/manymeans作主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；②若every/each/one/ameans作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。.majorityn.大多數(shù)；大半(1)單句語法填空

Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthecommitteemembersare(be)againstit.②(2016?北京卷)Infact,heinspiresmetomajorinEnglishincollege,tobeabridgebetweenChinaandtheworld.(2)［鏈接寫作］——詞匯升級(普通表達)Whenitcomestoeducation,mostpeoplebelievethatitisalifetimestudy.(高級表達)Whenitcomestoeducation,the_majority_ofpeoplebelievethatitisalifetimestudy.先理解再牢記(1)a/themajorityof…大多數(shù) (謂語動詞用復數(shù))beina/themajority構成大部分/大多數(shù)(2)majorn.&v.專業(yè)；主修majorin主修 ；以 為專業(yè)(3)minorityn.少數(shù)intheminority占少數(shù)［佳句背誦］(2016。天津卷)Themajorityofthemtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheirprogramme.occur式.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)(1)單句語法填空①(2018。全國卷II)HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,somethingoccurred(occur)tome.Itdidn'toccurtohertoaskforhelp.(2)［鏈接寫作］——一句多譯他忽然想起他把鑰匙忘在辦公室里了。It_hit_him_thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(hit)It_struck_him_thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(strike)先理解再牢記sth.occurstosb.某人想到某事「todosth.Itoccurstosbjthat...某人想到做某事ItoccursItstrikes/hitssb.that...某人突然想起……［佳句背誦］Iwasgoingalongthestreetlookingforaplacetoparkwhentheaccidentoccurred.ndicatevt.指出；標示；表明；暗示(1)單句語法填空①Thereisagreatdealofevidenceindicating(indicate)thatlisteningtosoftmusiccanreducestress.②Asis_indicated(indicate)inthesurvey,moreandmorepeoplechoosetotravelabroad.③Thewayapersonisdressedinisagoodindication(indicate)ofhis/hercharacterorpersonality.(2)［鏈接寫作］——完成句子圖畫顯示，一個男孩坐在桌邊專心讀書。As_is_indicated_in_the_picture,aboyissittingatthetable,absorbedinreading.先理解再牢記(1)indicatesth.(tosb.)(向某人)暗示某事indicatethat/wh-clause表示 ；示意 (2)indicationn.暗示；表示；預兆［佳句背誦］(2016。四川卷)Previousstudieshavealsoindicatedthatmilkcanbeexcellentforhelpingsleep.詮釋2個核心短語.makealife習慣于新的生活方式、工作等 闔霎(1)單句語法填空 笆蛾①Shehadtolookforpart-timebabysittingjobstheseyearsto_make(make)aliving.②Thevillage,whichhadseemeddeserted,immediatelycametolife.⑵［鏈接寫作］——完成句子湯姆是一位能靠打魚謀生的人。Tomisamanwhocanmake_a_living_byfishing.先理解再牢記(1)makealivinglearnone'sliving維持生計，謀生

（2）live/leada...life過著……生活come(back)tolife蘇醒；變得活躍；恢復生氣bring...backtolife使 蘇醒過來；給 活力.takein包括；吸收；理解；欺騙；收留(1)寫出下列句中takein的含義①（2016。四川卷）Themorefatyoutakeinbeforebedtime,thegreaterburdenyouwillputonyourbodyatnight.吸收Don'tbetakeninbyproductspromisingtomakeyouloseweightquickly.欺騙ItwasseveralminutesbeforeItookinwhathewassaying.理解Imanagedtorentahousebigenoughtotakeinpeople.收留（2）［鏈接寫作］——詞匯升級（普通表達）Ilistenedtothespeechcarefully,butIstillcouldn'tunderstand.（高級表達）Ilistenedtothespeechcarefully，butIstillcouldn'ttake_anything_in.先理解再牢記takeapart拆開takedown拿下，記下takeoff起飛；匆匆離去；脫下；大獲成功takeon呈現(xiàn)；雇用；承擔takeover接收；接管；取代takeup占用；占據(jù)；開始從事［佳句背誦］（2018?浙江卷）NowthatIhaveanadvantageoverotherapplicants，I'meagertobetakenonforthisvoluntaryjob.突破1個高考句型（教材P2）That_is_whytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.這就是今天有超過40%的加利福尼亞人把西班牙語作為第一或第二語言的原因。［要點提煉］why…為表語從句，意為“這/那就是……的原因”。(1)單句語法填空①(2018。浙江卷)IhaveagoodcommandofEnglishandiseasytogetalongwith.That'swhyI'mwritingtoapplyforthejob.②ThereasonwhyTomcamelateforthemeetingwasthathewasill.(2)［鏈接寫作］——一句多譯他有重要的事情要處理，這就是他沒參加會議的原因。①Hehadanurgentthingtodealwithandthat_was_whyhedidn'tattendthemeeting.②Hedidn'tattendthemeetingandthat's_becausehehadanurgentthingtodealwith.先理解再牢記(1)That'swhy…那就是為什么 (why從句表示結果)(2)That'sbecause…那是因為 (because從句表示原因)(3)Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...……的原因是……［佳句背誦］Tomwasverylazy.Thatwaswhyheneverachievedanythinginhislife.提考能?素養(yǎng)達標I-刷比將應用健軌高考【單句練習一夯實基礎】?.單句語法填空Thegovernmentismadeupof120officialselected(elect)bythepeopleofthecountry.Withthetouristtradebooming(boom),theresidentsofthisareaarepayingmoreattentiontotheprotectionofnature.Theadvertisementforengineersinthelocalpaperattractedmanyapplicants(applicant).Unluckily,sheslipped(slip)andfelldownfromtheupstairs.Inspiteofdifficulties,themayorneverabandonedreforming(reform)educationsysteminourcity.Shehadlookedeverywhereforherchildren，buttheywerenowhereto_be_found(find),whichmadeherveryworried.Whoeverbreakstheschoolruleswillsurelyreceivepunishment(punish).Themajorityoftheintervieweesprefer(prefer)watchingTVathometogoingtothecinema.To_keep(keep)upwithagoodstatewithyourteachersandclassmates,youshouldlearntobeongoodtermswiththem.Thebreadwassohard；that'swhywedidn'teatit.單句改錯.Emersonwouldalwayssetdownnewideasthatwereoccurredtohim.去掉were.Fatheristhanktomeforpersuadinghimtogiveupsmoking.thank—thankful.Weregrettoinformyouthatourcompanyhasbeenhiredanothergirlforthejobofsecretary.去掉been.Havingpunishedbyhisboss，hewasinaverybadmood.Having后力口been.Infact，Ididn'trealizeitsimportanceafterIwaselectedthemonitor.去掉the6.TheysettleddowninCanadaandmadenewlifeforthemselves.made后力口a【語篇練習一提升能力】I.課文語法填空根據(jù)P1_3課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia，noonereallyknows.However,itislikelyl.thatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.Scientistsbelievethatthesesettlers2.crossed(cross)theBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.Inthe16thcentury,afterthe3.arrival(arrive)oftheEuropeans,thenativepeoplesuffered4.greatly(great).Thousandswerekilledorforcedinto5.slavery(slave).Inaddition,manydiedfromthediseasesbroughtbytheEuropeans.However，somesurvivedtheseterribletimes,andtodaytherearemoreNativeAmericans6.living(live)inCaliforniathaninanyotherstate.Inthe18thcenturyCalifornia7.was_ruled(rule)bySpain.SpanishsoldiersfirstarrivedinSouthAmericaintheearly16thcentury,whentheyfoughtagainstthenativepeopleandtook8.theirland.Twocenturieslater,theSpanishhadsettledinmostpartsofSouthAmericaandalongthenorthwestcoastofwhatwenowcalltheUnitedStates.Of9.thefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywere10.religious(religion)men,whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.II.寫作改錯雙練根據(jù)提示運用本單元所學知識完成下面小作文,并改正學生習作。.眾所周知，自從1978年改革以來，中國經(jīng)歷了移民大潮。(immigration).據(jù)報道，成千上萬的農(nóng)