工作分析onet系統(tǒng)介紹

O*NET系統(tǒng)介紹徐長(zhǎng)江浙江師范大學(xué)教師教育學(xué)院心理學(xué)系

內(nèi)部資料禁止外傳內(nèi)容提要O*NET的發(fā)展歷史O*NET的內(nèi)容模型O*NET的數(shù)據(jù)搜集O*NET的發(fā)展歷史O*NET（OccupationalInformationNetwork）美國(guó)勞工部組織開發(fā)的工作分析系統(tǒng)。以取代職業(yè)名稱詞典（DictionaryofOccupationalTitles，DOT），被政府和企業(yè)廣泛用于人職匹配和工作分析的信息收集。

O*NET的發(fā)展歷史到現(xiàn)在的十多年里，O*NET經(jīng)歷了若干次里程碑式的發(fā)展。1.建立與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)職業(yè)分類體系（SOC）兼容的O*NET-SOC系統(tǒng)2.目前版本：O*NET20.1（2015年10月）O*NET的發(fā)展歷史O*NET自問世以來(lái)就一直受到一些質(zhì)疑和批評(píng)。比如：樣本的代表性以及問卷可靠性上存在問題；量表過多，缺乏構(gòu)念效度；職位數(shù)據(jù)和職位真正要求之間缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，效度存在質(zhì)疑。O*NET十年來(lái)取得的成就、做出的貢獻(xiàn)是不容質(zhì)疑的。它所發(fā)布的職位信息在美國(guó)乃至世界的公共部門和商業(yè)界都得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。O*NET的內(nèi)容模型O*NET?任職者特征能力職業(yè)興趣工作價(jià)值觀工作風(fēng)格任職者要求技能、知識(shí)、教育經(jīng)驗(yàn)要求經(jīng)驗(yàn)和培訓(xùn)技能-入職證書職業(yè)要求一般工作活動(dòng)具體工作活動(dòng)工作情境組織情境勞動(dòng)力特征勞務(wù)市場(chǎng)信息、職業(yè)前景特定職業(yè)信息任務(wù)、工具和技術(shù)跨職業(yè)特定職業(yè)任職者導(dǎo)向工作導(dǎo)向AbilitiesOccupationalInterestsWorkValues&WorkStylesWorkerCharacteristics—enduringcharacteristicsthatmayinfluencebothworkperformanceandthecapacitytoacquireknowledgeandskillsrequiredforeffectiveworkperformance.任職者特征O*NET?任職者特征任職者要求經(jīng)驗(yàn)要求職業(yè)要求勞動(dòng)力特征特定職業(yè)信息跨職業(yè)特定職業(yè)任職者導(dǎo)向工作導(dǎo)向SubdomainsoftheWorkerCharacteristicsdomainLevel1:WorkerCharacteristicsLevel2:AbilitiesLevel3:cognitivePhysicalSensoryPsychomotorLevel2:InterestLevel3:RealisticInvestigativeArtisticSocialEnterprisingConventionalLevel2:WorkStyleLevel3:AchievementOrientationSocialInfluenceInterpersonalOrientationAdjustmentConscientiousnessIndependencePracticalIntelligenceCognitiveAbilities

VerbalAbilitiesIdeaGenerationandReasoningAbilitiesQuantitativeAbilitiesMemoryPerceptualAbilitiesSpatialAbilitiesAttentivenessPsychomotorAbilitiesFineManipulativeAbilitiesControlMovementAbilitiesPhysicalAbilitiesPhysicalStrengthAbilitiesEnduranceStaminaFlexibility,Balance,andCoordinationExtentFlexibilityDynamicFlexibilityGrossBodyCoordinationGrossBodyEquilibriumSensoryAbilitiesVisualAbilitiesAuditoryandSpeechAbilitiesEnduringattributesoftheindividualthatinfluenceperformanceAbilitiesCognitiveAbilitiesVerbalAbilitiesOralComprehensionWrittenComprehensionOralExpressionWrittenExpressionIdeaGenerationandReasoningAbilitiesFluencyofIdeasOriginalityProblemSensitivityDeductiveReasoningInductiveReasoningInformationOrderingCategoryFlexibilityQuantitativeAbilitiesMathematicalReasoningNumberFacilityMemoryMemorizationPerceptualAbilitiesSpeedofClosureFlexibilityofClosurePerceptualSpeedSpatialAbilitiesSpatialOrientationVisualizationAttentivenessSelectiveAttentionTimeSharingPsychomotorAbilities

FineManipulativeAbilitiesArm-HandSteadinessManualDexterityFingerDexterityControlMovementAbilitiesControlPrecisionMultilimbCoordinationResponseOrientationRateControlReactionTimeandSpeedAbilitiesReactionTimeWrist-FingerSpeedSpeedofLimbMovementPhysicalAbilitiesPhysicalStrengthAbilitiesStaticStrengthExplosiveStrengthDynamicStrengthTrunkStrengthEndurance

StaminaFlexibility,Balance,andCoordination

ExtentFlexibilityDynamicFlexibilityGrossBodyCoordinationGrossBodyEquilibriumSensoryAbilitiesVisualAbilitiesNearVisionFarVisionVisualColorDiscriminationNightVisionPeripheralVisionDepthPerceptionGlareSensitivityAuditoryandSpeechAbilitiesHearingSensitivityAuditoryAttentionSoundLocalizationSpeechRecognitionSpeechClarityOccupationalInterestsPreferencesforworkenvironments.OccupationalInterestProfiles(OIPs)arecompatiblewithHolland's(1985,1997)modelofpersonalitytypesandworkenvironments.RealisticInvestigativeArtisticSocialEnterprisingConventionalWorkValuesGlobalaspectsofworkcomposedofspecificneedsthatareimportanttoaperson'ssatisfaction.OccupationalReinforcerPatterns(ORPs)arebasedontheTheoryofWorkAdjustment(Dawis&Lofquist,1984).WorkValuesAchievementAbilityUtilizationAchievementWorkingConditionsActivityIndependenceVarietyCompensationSecurityWorkingConditionsRecognitionAdvancementRecognitionAuthoritySocialStatusRelationshipsCo-workersSocialServiceMoralValuesSupportCompanyPoliciesandPracticesSupervision,HumanRelationsSupervision,TechnicalIndependenceCreativityResponsibilityAutonomyWorkStylesAchievementOrientationAchievement/EffortPersistenceInitiativeSocialInfluenceLeadershipInterpersonalOrientationCooperationConcernforOthersSocialOrientationAdjustmentSelfControlStressToleranceAdaptability/FlexibilityConscientiousnessDependabilityAttentiontoDetailintegrityIndependencePracticalIntelligenceInnovationAnalyticalThinkingPersonalcharacteristicsthatcanaffecthowwellsomeoneperformsajob.BasicSkills&Cross-FunctionalSkillsKnowledgeEducationWorkerRequirements—descriptorsreferringtowork-relatedattributesacquiredand/ordevelopedthroughexperienceandeducation.O*NET?任職者特征任職者要求經(jīng)驗(yàn)要求職業(yè)要求勞動(dòng)力特征特定職業(yè)信息跨職業(yè)特定職業(yè)任職者導(dǎo)向工作導(dǎo)向任職者要求BasicSkillsContentReadingComprehensionActiveListeningWritingSpeakingMathematicsScienceProcessCriticalThinkingActiveLearningLearningStrategiesMonitoringDevelopedcapacitiesthatfacilitatelearningorthemorerapidacquisitionofknowledgeCross-FunctionalSkillsSocialSkillsSocialPerceptivenessCoordinationPersuasionNegotiationInstructingServiceOrientationComplexProblemSolvingSkillsComplexProblemSolvingTechnicalSkillsOperationsAnalysisTechnologyDesignEquipmentSelectionInstallationProgrammingOperationMonitoringOperationandControlEquipmentMaintenanceTroubleshootingRepairingQualityControlAnalysisSystemsSkillsJudgmentandDecisionMakingSystemsAnalysisSystemsEvaluationResourceManagementSkillsTimeManagementManagementofFinancialResourcesManagementofMaterialResourcesManagementofPersonnelResourcesDevelopedcapacitiesthatfacilitateperformanceofactivitiesthatoccuracrossjobsKnowledgeBusinessandManagementAdministrationandManagementClericalEconomicsandAccountingSalesandMarketingCustomerandPersonalServicePersonnelandHumanResourcesManufacturingandProductionProductionandProcessingFoodProductionEngineeringandTechnologyComputersandElectronicsEngineeringandTechnologyDesignBuildingandConstructionMechanicalMathematicsandScienceMathematicsPhysicsChemistryBiologyPsychologySociologyandAnthropologyGeographyHealthServicesMedicineandDentistryTherapyandCounselingEducationandTrainingArtsandHumanitiesEnglishLanguageForeignLanguageFineArtsHistoryandArcheologyPhilosophyandTheologyLawandPublicSafetyPublicSafetyandSecurityLawandGovernmentCommunicationsmunicationsCommunicationsandMediaTransportationOrganizedsetsofprinciplesandfactsapplyingingeneraldomainsEducationEducationLevelinSpecificSubjectsTechnicalVocationalBusinessVocationalEnglish/languageArtsOralCommunicationLanguagesBasicMathAdvancedMathPhysicalScienceComputerScienceBiologicalScienceAppliedScienceSocialScienceArtsHumanitiesPhysicalEducationPrioreducationalexperiencerequiredtoperforminajobRequiredLevelofEducationTrainingdataTypicalExperientialBackgroundsCertification,LicensureExperienceRequirements—requirementsrelatedtopreviousworkactivitiesandexplicitlylinkedtocertaintypesofworkactivities.O*NET?任職者特征任職者要求經(jīng)驗(yàn)要求職業(yè)要求勞動(dòng)力特征特定職業(yè)信息跨職業(yè)特定職業(yè)任職者導(dǎo)向工作導(dǎo)向經(jīng)歷要求ExperienceandTrainingIfsomeonewerebeinghiredtoperformthisjob,howmuchofthefollowingwouldberequired?RelatedWorkExperienceOn-SiteorIn-PlantTrainingOn-the-JobTrainingApprenticeshipBasicSkills-EntryRequirementContent-EntryRequirementReadingComprehension-EntryRequirementActiveListening-EntryRequirementWriting-EntryRequirementSpeaking-EntryRequirementMathematics-EntryRequirementScience-EntryRequirementProcess-EntryRequirementCriticalThinking-EntryRequirementActiveLearning-EntryRequirementLearningStrategies-EntryRequirementMonitoring-EntryRequirementEntryrequirementfordevelopedcapacitiesthatfacilitatelearningorthemorerapidacquisitionofknowledgeCross-FunctionalSkills-EntryRequirementSocialSkills-EntryRequirementSocialPerceptiveness–ERCoordination-ERPersuasion-ERNegotiation-ERInstructing-ERServiceOrientation-ERComplexProblemSolvingSkills-ERProblemIdentification-ERInformationGathering-ERInformationOrganization-ERSynthesis/Reorganization-ERIdeaGeneration-ERIdeaEvaluation-ERImplementationPlanning-ERSolutionAppraisal-EREntryrequirement(ER)fordevelopedcapacitiesthatfacilitateperformanceofactivitiesthatoccuracrossjobsTechnicalSkills-EROperationsAnalysis-ERTechnologyDesign-EREquipmentSelection-ERInstallation-ERProgramming-ERTesting-EROperationMonitoring-EROperationandControl-ERProductInspection-EREquipmentMaintenance-ERTroubleshooting-ERRepairing-ERSystemsSkills-ERVisioning-ERSystemsPerception-ERIdentifyingDownstreamConsequences-ERIdentificationofKeyCauses-ERJudgmentandDecisionMaking-ERSystemEvaluation-ERResourceManagementSkills-ERTimeManagement-ERManagementofFinancialResources-ERManagementofMaterialResources-ERManagementofPersonnelResources–ERLicensingSpecificLicenseorCertificateRequiredPost-SecondaryDegreeGraduateDegreeOn-the-JobTrainingExaminationCharacterReferencesOrganizationandAgencyRequirementsLegalRequirementEmployerRequirementUnion,Guild,orProfessionalAssociationLicenses,certificates,orregistrationsthatareawardedtoshowthatajobholderhasgainedcertainskills.Thisincludesrequirementsforobtainingthesecredentials,andtheorganizationoragencyrequiringtheirpossession.GeneralizedWorkActivitiesWorkContextOrganizationalContextOccupationalRequirements—acomprehensivesetofvariablesordetailedelementsthatdescribewhatvariousoccupationsrequire.經(jīng)歷要求O*NET?任職者特征任職者要求經(jīng)驗(yàn)要求職業(yè)要求勞動(dòng)力特征特定職業(yè)信息跨職業(yè)特定職業(yè)任職者導(dǎo)向工作導(dǎo)向Thisdomainincludesinformationabouttypicalactivitiesrequiredacrossoccupations.Taskinformationisoftentoospecifictodescribeanoccupationoroccupationalgroup.TheO*NETapproachistoidentifygeneralizedworkactivities(GWAs),intermediateworkactivities(IWAs)anddetailedworkactivities(DWAs)tosummarizethebroad,intermediate,andmorespecifictypesofjobbehaviorsandtasksthatmaybeperformedwithinmultipleoccupations.Usingthisframeworkmakesitpossibletouseasinglesetofdescriptorstodescribemanyoccupations.Contextualvariablessuchasthephysical,social,orstructuralcontextofworkthatmayimposespecificdemandsontheworkeroractivitiesarealsoincludedinthissection.GeneralizedWorkActivitiesInformationInputLookingforandReceivingJob-RelatedInformationGettingInformationMonitorProcesses,Materials,orSurroundingsIdentifyandEvaluatingJob-RelevantInformationIdentifyingObjects,Actions,andEventsInspectingEquipment,Structures,orMaterialEstimatingtheQuantifiableCharacteristicsofProducts,Events,orInformationMentalProcessesInformationandDataProcessingJudgingtheQualitiesofThings,Services,orPeopleProcessingInformationEvaluatingInformationtoDetermineCompliancewithStandardsAnalyzingDataorInformationReasoningandDecisionMakingMakingDecisionsandSolvingProblemsThinkingCreativelyUpdatingandUsingRelevantKnowledgeDevelopingObjectivesandStrategiesSchedulingWorkandActivitiesOrganizing,Planning,andPrioritizingWorkWorkactivitiesthatarecommonacrossaverylargenumberofoccupations.Theyareperformedinalmostalljobfamiliesandindustries.WorkOutputPerformingPhysicalandManualWorkActivitiesPerformingGeneralPhysicalActivitiesHandlingandMovingObjectsControllingMachinesandProcessesOperatingVehicles,MechanizedDevices,orEquipmentPerformingComplexandTechnicalActivitiesInteractingWithComputersDrafting,LayingOut,andSpecifyingTechnicalDevices,Parts,andEquipmentRepairingandMaintainingMechanicalEquipmentRepairingandMaintainingElectronicEquipmentDocumenting/RecordingInformationInteractingWithOthersCommunicatingandInteractingInterpretingtheMeaningofInformationforOthersCommunicatingwithSupervisors,Peers,orSubordinatesCommunicatingwithPersonsOutsideOrganizationEstablishingandMaintainingInterpersonalRelationshipsAssistingandCaringforOthersSellingorInfluencingOthersResolvingConflictsandNegotiatingwithOthersPerformingfororWorkingDirectlywiththePublicCoordinating,Developing,Managing,andAdvisingCoordinatingtheWorkandActivitiesofOthersDevelopingandBuildingTeamsTrainingandTeachingOthersGuiding,Directing,andMotivatingSubordinatesCoachingandDevelopingOthersProvideConsultationandAdvicetoOthersAdministeringPerformingAdministrativeActivitiesStaffingOrganizationalUnitsMonitoringandControllingResourcesIntermediateWorkActivitiesIntermediateWorkActivitiesListWorkactivitiesthatarecommonacrossmanyoccupations.Theyareperformedinmanyjobfamiliesandindustries.DetailedWorkActivitiesDetailedWorkActivitiesListSpecificworkactivitiesthatareperformedacrossasmalltomoderatenumberofoccupationswithinajobfamily.OrganizationalContextStructuralCharacteristicsOrganizationalStructureDecisionMakingSystemDecentralizationandEmployeeEmpowermentHaveControlOverUnitorDepartmentHaveInfluenceOverDecisionsMonitorDataonQuality/costs/Waste/etc.DetermineWorkFloworOrderofTasksInvestinNewEquipmentandTechnologyDevelopNewProducts,Services,andProceduresIndividualversusTeamStructurePercentofTimeinIntactTeamCharacteristicsoftheorganizationthatinfluencehowpeopledotheirworkJobCharacteristicsSkillVarietyJobVarietyComplexorHighLevelSkillsRequiredVarietyofTasksRequiredTaskSignificanceSignificanceorImportanceofJobJobQualityAffectsLotsofPeopleJobItselfIsVerySignificantTaskIdentityJobInvolvesWholePieceofWorkCanDoEntirePieceofWorkCanFinishWhatYouStartAutonomyAutonomyandFreedominJobChanceforInitiativeandJudgmentOpportunityforIndependenceandFreedomFeedbackExtentofFeedbackFromDoingJobItselfDoingJobProvidesChancesforFeedbackAfterFinishingJob,KnowOwnPerformanceJobStabilityandRotationNumberofSupervisorsinPastYearNumberofWorkTeamsinPastYearNumberofWorkGroupReorganizationsinPastYearNumberofTimesNatureofJobChangedJobRotationPracticesHumanResourcesSystemsandPracticesRecruitmentandSelectionRecruitmentOperationsSourcesofPeopleforCurrentJobSelectionAssessmentMethodsUsedAssessmentMethodsUsedtoSelectforJobTrainingandDevelopmentTrainingMethodsTrainingMethodsUsedinCompanyTrainingTopicsandContentAreasofRecentFormalTrainingExtentandSupportofTrainingActivitiesRecentTechnicalSkillTrainingRewardSystemBasisofCompensationCompensationPackageComponentsBenefitsBenefitComponentsSocialProcessesGoals—Individualgoalsetting.IndividualGoalCharacteristicsAchieveMostImportantIndividualGoalHowManyQuantitativeIndividualGoalsGoalFeedbackHowManySpecificIndividualGoalsWhenGetInformationonIndividualGoalsInformal,Job-RelevantFeedbackMeetOne-on-OneWithSupervisoronGoals,Training,andDevelopmentRolesRoleConflictOftenReceiveConflictingRequestsWorkWithGroupsWithDifferentFocusesYouandYourSupervisorAgreeAboutJobSupervisorMakesConflictingRequestsRoleNegotiabilityNegotiateChangesinRolewithSupervisorSignificantInputIntoWayYouDoJobRoleOverloadGetAssignmentswithoutAdequateResourcesGivenEnoughTimetoDoWorkTooMuchforOnePersontoDoCultureOrganizationalValuesGuidingPrinciplesofOrganizationTakingChances;GoingOutonaLimbFairness;JusticePrecisionStabilityGettingThingsDoneCaringAboutEmployeesInnovationAggressivenessValuingCustomersProvidingHighQualityProductsOpennessandHonestyFlexibility,AdaptingtoChangeSupervisorRoleSupervisorFriendlyandSupportiveSupervisorTakesActiveRoleSupervisorProvidesClearVisionSupervisorSolvesProblemsWorkContextInterpersonalRelationshipsCommunicationCommunicationMethodsPublicSpeakingTelephoneElectronicMailLettersandMemosFace-to-FaceDiscussionsContactWithOthersRoleRelationshipsJobInteractionsWorkWithWorkGrouporTeamDealWithExternalCustomersCoordinateorLeadOthersResponsibilityforOthersResponsibleforOthers'HealthandSafetyResponsibilityforesandResultsConflictualContactFrequencyofConflictSituationsDealWithUnpleasantorAngryPeopleDealWithPhysicallyAggressivePeoplePhysicalandsocialfactorsthatinfluencethenatureofworkPhysicalWorkConditionsWorkSettingFrequencyRequiredtoWork:Indoors,EnvironmentallyControlledIndoors,NotEnvironmentallyControlledOutdoors,ExposedtoWeatherOutdoors,UnderCoverInanOpenVehicleorEquipmentInanEnclosedVehicleorEquipmentPhysicalProximityEnvironmentalConditionsFrequencyinEnvironmentalConditionsSounds,NoiseLevelsAreDistractingorfortableVeryHotorColdTemperaturesExtremelyBrightorInadequateLightingExposedtoContaminantsCrampedWorkSpace,AwkwardPositionsExposedtoWholeBodyVibrationJobHazardsFrequencyofExposuretoJobHazardsExposedtoRadiationExposedtoDiseaseorInfectionsExposedtoHighPlacesExposedtoHazardousConditionsExposedtoHazardousEquipmentExposedtoMinorBurns,Cuts,Bites,orStingsLikelihoodofInjuryFromJobHazardsDegreeofInjuryBodyPositioningTimeSpentinBodyPositionsSpendTimeSittingSpendTimeStandingSpendTimeClimbingLadders,Scaffolds,orPolesSpendTimeWalkingandRunningSpendTimeKneeling,Crouching,Stooping,orCrawlingSpendTimeKeepingorRegainingBalanceSpendTimeUsingYourHandstoHandle,Control,orFeelObjects,Tools,orControlsSpendTimeBendingorTwistingtheBodySpendTimeMakingRepetitiveMotionsWorkAttireFrequencyofWearingWorkAttireWearCommonProtectiveorSafetyEquipmentsuchasSafetyShoes,Glasses,Gloves,HearingProtection,HardHats,orLifeJacketsWearSpecializedProtectiveorSafetyEquipmentsuchasBreathingApparatus,SafetyHarness,FullProtectionSuits,orRadiationProtectionStructuralJobCharacteristicsCriticalityofPositionConsequenceofErrorImpactofDecisionsImpactofDecisionsonCo-workersorCompanyResultsFrequencyofDecisionMakingFreedomtoMakeDecisionsRoutineversusChallengingWorkDegreeofAutomationImportanceofBeingExactorAccurateImportanceofRepeatingSameTasksStructuredversusUnstructuredWorkCompetitionLevelofCompetitionPaceandSchedulingTimePressurePaceDeterminedbySpeedofEquipmentWorkSchedulesDurationofTypicalWorkWeekTasksToolsandTechnologyOccupation-SpecificInformation—variablesorotherContentModelelementsofselectedorspecificoccupations.O*NET?任職者特征任職者要求經(jīng)驗(yàn)要求職業(yè)要求勞動(dòng)力特征特定職業(yè)信息跨職業(yè)特定職業(yè)任職者導(dǎo)向工作導(dǎo)向特定職業(yè)信息Occupation-SpecificInformationTitle—PrimarytitleandcodeusedtoidentifyasingleoccupationintheO*NET-SOCtaxonomyTitleDescription—AstatementofrequiredorimportantdutiesperformedbyworkersinanoccupationintheO*NET-SOCtaxonomy.DescriptionAlternateTitles—Alternateor"laytitles"includerelatedjobtitlesandoccupationaltitlesgatheredfromjobincumbents,occupationalexperts,governmentagencies,professionalgroups,customerinput,employerjobpostings,andotheroccupationalclassificationsystems.AlternateTitlesListSampleofReportedTitlesListOccupation-SpecificInformationTasks—Occupation-SpecificTasksTaskListToolsandTechnology—Machines,equipment,tools,software,andinformationtechnologyworkersmayuseforoptimalfunctioninginahighperformanceworkplace.ToolsandTechnologyListLaborMarketInformationOccupationalOutlookWorkforceCharacteristics—

variablesthatdefineanddescribethegeneralcharacteristicsofoccupationsthatmayinfluenceoccupationalrequirements.O*NET?任職者特征任職者要求經(jīng)驗(yàn)要求職業(yè)要求勞動(dòng)力特征特定職業(yè)信息跨職業(yè)特定職業(yè)任職者導(dǎo)向工作導(dǎo)向勞動(dòng)力特征Organizationsdonotexistinisolation.Theymustoperatewithinabroadersocialandeconomicstructure.Tobeuseful,anoccupationalclassificationsystemmustincorporateglobalcontextualcharacteristics.O*NETprovidesthisinformationbylinkingdescriptiveoccupationalinformationtostatisticallabormarketinformation.Thisincludescompensationandwagedata,employmentoutlook,andindustrysizeinformation.MuchofthisinformationiscollectedoutsideofO*NETprogram’simmediatescope.CollaborativeeffortswithorganizationssuchastheBureauofLaborStatistics,theDepartmentofCommerce,TheDepartmentofDefense,CareerOneStop,TheU.S.BureauoftheCensus,andTheEmploymentandTrainingAdministrationfacilitatetheselabormarketinformationlinkages.OccupationalOutlook—FuturelaborforcecharacteristicsofoccupationsOccupationalProjectionsLaborMarketInformation—CurrentlaborforcecharacteristicsofoccupationsOccupationalStatisticsSTEP1TheO*NETDataCollectionProgramSurveyPretestPriortoinitiatingdatacollection,theU.S.DepartmentofLabor(DOL)andtheNationalCenterforO*NETDevelopment,throughitscontractorResearchTriangleInstitute,conductedtheO*NETDataCollectionProgramSurveyPretesttoevaluatetheimpactofalternativesurveyfeaturesonresponserates.O*NET的數(shù)據(jù)搜集Phase1Phase2Phase3Astatisticallyrandomsampleofbusinessesexpectedtoemployworkersinthetargetedoccupationswillbeidentified.Arandomsampleofworkersinwithinthosebusinesseswillbeselected.Newdatawillbecollectedbysurveyingjobincumbentsusingstandardizedquestionnaires.Afifthquestionnaireiscompletedbyoccupationalanalystsusingtheupdatedinformationfromincumbentworkers.STEP2Full-scaledatacollectionefforts,whichbeganinJune2001.Informationiscollectedusingathree-stagedesigninwhich:O*NET的數(shù)據(jù)搜集O*NETDatabaseSinceOctober1998Version20.1:Released:October2015個(gè)人背景信息（Background）

工作風(fēng)格（WorkStyles能力（Abilities）

技能（Skills）知識(shí)（Knowledge）

教育與培訓(xùn)（EducationandTraining）

工作情境（WorkContext）工作活動(dòng)（GeneralizedWorkActivities）O*NETO*NET崗位分析問卷的構(gòu)成

O*NET?任職者特征能力職業(yè)興趣工作價(jià)值觀工作風(fēng)格任職者要求技能、知識(shí)、教育經(jīng)驗(yàn)要求經(jīng)驗(yàn)和培訓(xùn)技能-入職證書職業(yè)要求一般工作活動(dòng)具體工作活動(dòng)工作情境組織情境勞動(dòng)力特征勞務(wù)市場(chǎng)信息、職業(yè)前景特定職業(yè)信息任務(wù)、工具和技術(shù)跨職業(yè)特定職業(yè)任職者導(dǎo)向工作導(dǎo)向個(gè)人背景信息（Background）

工作風(fēng)格（WorkStyles能力（Abilities）

技能（Skills）知識(shí)（Knowledge）

教育與培訓(xùn)（EducationandTraining）

工作情境（WorkContext）工作活動(dòng)（GeneralizedWorkActivities）O*NET工作描述（jobdescription)任職資格（jobSpecification)O*NETCareerExplorationToolsToolFormatPurposeO*NETInterestProfilerPaper/PencilWork-relatedInterestsO*NETComputerizedInterestProfilerStandaloneorNetworkWork-relatedInterestsO*NETWorkImportanceLocatorPaper/PencilWhatisImportantinaJob(Values)O*NETWorkImportanceProfilerStandaloneorNetworkWhatisImportantinaJob(Values)O*NETAbilityProfilerPaper/PencilWhatIndividualCanDoWell(Ability)O*NET?任職者特征能力職業(yè)興趣工作價(jià)值觀工作風(fēng)格任職者要求技能、知識(shí)、教育經(jīng)驗(yàn)要求經(jīng)驗(yàn)和培訓(xùn)技能-入職證書職業(yè)要求一般工作活動(dòng)具體工作活動(dòng)工作情境組織情境勞動(dòng)力特征勞務(wù)市場(chǎng)信息、職業(yè)前景特定職業(yè)信息任務(wù)、工具和技術(shù)跨職業(yè)特定職業(yè)任職者導(dǎo)向工作導(dǎo)向ToolO*NETInterestProfilerO*NETComputerizedInterestProfilerO*NETWorkImportanceLocatorO*NETWorkImportanceProfilerO*NETAbilityProfilerWhatisMeasured?(1)1.VerbalAbility

–understandthemeaningofwordsandusethemeffectivelyingoodcommunicationwhenyoulisten,speakorwrite(Vocabulary)2.ArithmeticReasoning

–useseveralmathskillsandlogicalthinkingtosolveproblemsineverydaysituations(ArithmeticReasoning)WhatisMeasured?(2)3. Computation

–usearithmeticoperationsofadditional,subtraction,multiplicationanddivisiontosolveeverydayproblemsinvolvingnumbers(Computation)4. SpatialAbility

–formpicturesofobjectsinyourmind;easilyunderstandinghowdrawingsrepresentrealobjectsandcorrectlyimagininghowpartsfittogether(Three-DimensionalSpace)WhatisMeasured?(3)5. FormPerception

–quicklyandaccuratelyseedetailsinobjects,pictures,ordrawings(ObjectMatching)6. ClericalPerception

–seedetailinprintedmaterials(NameComparison)WhatisMeasured?(4)7. MotorCoordination

–

quicklyandaccuratelycoordinateeyeswithhandsorfingerswhenmakingprecisemovements(MarkMaking)paper/pencil8.and9.ManualDexterity

–quicklyandaccuratelymovehandseasilyandskillfully(PlaceandTurn)10.and11.FingerDexterity

–abilitytomovefingersskillfullyandeasily(AssembleandDisassemble)WorkInterestAreasRIASECRealisticInvestigativeArtisticSocialEnterprisingConventionalComputerizedVersionResultsO*NET-SOC

StandardOccupationalClassification(SOC）The2010StandardOccupationalClassification(SOC)systemisusedbyFederalstatisticalagenciestoclassifyworkersintooccupationalcategoriesforthepurposeofcollecting,calculating,ordisseminatingdata.Allworkersareclassified