2016年考研英語二真題及答案詳細解析

2016考研英語二及詳細解Section1UseofDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Happypeopleworkdifferently.They’remoreproductive,morecreative,andwillingtotakegreaterrisks.Andnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessmightinfluence1firm’swork,too.Companieslocatedinceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecentresearchpaper.2,firmsinhappycesspendmoreonR&D(researchanddevelopment).That’sbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking3formakinginvestmentsforthefuture.Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe4andinclinationforrisk-takingthatcomewithhappinesswould5thewaycompaniesinvested.SotheycomparedU.S.cities’averagehappiness6byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthose7enough,firms’investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichtheywere8.Butisitreallyhappinessthat’slinkedtoinvestment,orcouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities9whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvarious10thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest–likesize,industry,andsales–andforindicatorsthatacewas11tolivein,likegrowthinwagesorpopulation.Thelinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally12evenafteraccountingforthesethings.Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongforyoungerfirms,whichtheauthors13to“l(fā)esscodifieddecisionmakingprocess”andthepossiblepresenceof“youngerandless14managerswhoaremorelikelytobeinfluencedbysentiment.”Therelationshipwas15strongerinceswherehappinesswasspreadmore16.Firmsseemtoinvestmoreinceswheremostpeoplearerelativelyhappy,ratherthaninceswithhappiness17thisdoesn’tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakealonger-termview,theauthorsbelieveitatleast18atthatpossibility.It’snothardtoimaginethatlocalcultureandsentimentwouldhelp19howexecutivesthinkaboutthefuture.“Itsurelyseemsusiblethathappypeoplewouldbemoreforward-thinkingandcreativeand20R&Dmorethantheaverage,”saidoneresearcher.1.[A][B][C][D]2.[A]In[B]In[C]In[D]In3.[A][B][C][D]4.[A][B][C][D]5.[A][B][C][D]6.[A][B][C][D]7.[A][B][C][D]8.[A][B][C][D]9.[A]ex[B][C][D]10.[A][B][C][D]11.[A][B][C][D]12.[A][B][D]13.[A][B][C]14.[A][B][C]15.[A][B][C][D]16.[A][B][C][D]17.[A][B][C][D]18.[A][B][C][D]19.[A][B][C][D]20.[A]pray[B]lean[C]give[D]send[標準答案[考點分析][選項分析]根據(jù)語境，“新發(fā)現(xiàn)表明：快樂可能會影響工作的穩(wěn)定。”[A][B][C]怎[D]當…時候。根據(jù)語義分析，C選項填入原文，譯為“快樂可能也會影響公司的運作”，C為[標準答案B]In[考點分析[選項分析][A]反過來[B]尤其是[C]相反[D]總的來說根據(jù)前文語境，第二段第一句譯為“根據(jù) 多的研發(fā)以及發(fā)展。“第二句是在第一句的基礎上進一步強調(diào)說明，因此B選項更符合語境要求。[標準答案[考點分析[選項分析][A]充足的[B]著名的[C]完美的[D]必要的首先，根據(jù)本句題干“That’sbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking3formakinginvestmentsforthefuture.”譯為“因為快樂與 詞for,并且修飾“長遠考慮”。因此D選項最符合語境要求。[標準答案[考點分析[選項分析][A][B]現(xiàn)代主義[C]樂觀主義[D]現(xiàn)實主義本題考查同后綴的名詞辨析。根據(jù)原文主旨，探討“happypeopleC選項符合主旨要求。[標準答案[考點分析[選項分析][A]發(fā)出回聲[B]想念，錯過[C]破壞[D]改變根據(jù)原文語境，“would5thewaycompaniesinvested.D選項搭配最為合理。6．[標準答案[考點分析[選項分析][A][B][C][D]SotheycomparedU.S.cities’averagehappiness6byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas. 的城市平均指數(shù)與該地區(qū)的上市公司投資活躍度進行對比。”根據(jù)原文語境，咨詢公司所做的應該是一個“既定事實”所以排除ACD。因此，B選項為最佳選項。7.[標準答案[考點分析[選項分析A][B][C][D]經(jīng)常的本題為固定搭配“sureenough8．[標準答案[考點分析[選項分析][A]的[B]劃分的[C]課稅過重的[D]位于總部的根據(jù)原文“firms’investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichtheywere8.”譯為“足以肯定的是，公 的指數(shù)相關(guān)。”inwhich引導表示地點的定語從句，先行詞為area.對比四個選項，ABC不足以說明此地點的真實含義。因此，D選項，搭配前文area,構(gòu)成“總部所在地”最為9．[標準答案][A]ex[考點分析[選項分析][A]解釋[B]夸大[C]概述[D]重點強調(diào)根據(jù)原文“…orouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities9whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?”A選項“exin”常和后文“why”搭配使用。10．[標準答案[考點分析[選項分析A][B][C]等級[D]方法根據(jù)原文語境“Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvarious10thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvestlikesize,industry,andsales…”本題中，破折號后面“大小，產(chǎn)業(yè)，銷售”這些都是“讓公司有投資的”因素。因此，B選項最符合原文語境。11．[標準答案[A][考點分析][選項分析]該空填的是形容詞，用來修飾前面的名詞ce,并且在意義上也是對后面likegrowthin合文章。[B]social社交的[C]reputable受尊敬的[D]reliable可依靠的。12.[標準答案][考點分析][選項分析]該句算是這一段的總結(jié)句，該段整體在描述與投資之間的關(guān)系，而這一link就只能得13．[標準答案][A][考點分析][選項分析]which引導的定語從句的謂語動詞所在地，動詞的賓語就是前面的主句，強調(diào)是一個因果關(guān)系，因此答案選擇[A]attributeto搭配表示“歸因于……”，而[B]assignto表示“指派”[C]transferto“轉(zhuǎn)移到”[D]compareto“與……比較”均不符合題意。14．[標準答案][D][考點分析][選項分析]and,與前面的youngmanagers,強調(diào)新公司的年輕并缺乏經(jīng)驗，只有[D]experienced最合適。[標準答案][C][考點分析][選項分析]前面說到了“年輕的新經(jīng)理決策時更容易受情緒影響?！迸c后面的“這種關(guān)系在員工 之間很明顯是一種遞進關(guān)系，所以只有[C]also合適?！盵標準答案[考點分析][選項分析]這題是副詞修飾spread,但是更要注意的是該句“這種關(guān)系在員工指數(shù)的公后面的inequality形成復現(xiàn)關(guān)系，所以很容易判斷出答案選擇[D]equally。[標準答案C][考點分析][選項分析]該題是典型的上下文邏輯關(guān)系的題目，因此著力點應該放在上一段和這一段之間的關(guān)系。這一段第一句明確說出“這并不證明是導致公司大量投資……”，所以兩句話之間是一個轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)while.[標準答案[考點分析][選項分析]該題可以看出是動詞與at的固定搭配，arriveat是“到達，抵達”，jumpat是“撲向；欣然接受”hintat是“暗示”strikeat是“，”，文章中的atleast和thatpossibility論證了這是一種可能，只有hintat有這層含義。[標準答案][考點分析][選項分析]根據(jù)上下文應該選一個“影響”未來看法含義的動詞，[B]是“再發(fā)現(xiàn)”[C]是“使簡化，使單純”[D]是“”所以可以均可以排除，A是“塑造，形成，影響”，所以A項是最佳答案。[標準答案[B]lean[選項分析][考點分析]本空動詞詞組且該詞組詞義應與and前面意思保持一致且作用對象為研發(fā)[A]prayfor祈禱[B]leantowards傾向[C]giveaway放棄，[D]sendout放出，給予。只有[B]選項能表達一種快樂的人工作起來會有不同。他們產(chǎn)，更有創(chuàng)造力，也更愿意去。近期的一項研究表明快根據(jù)近期的，在各地的公司里，擁有快樂的員工會投入的。尤其是那些在快樂氛圍中的公司會做的研發(fā)以及發(fā)展。因為快樂與對未來投資有必要的長遠考慮相聯(lián)系。這是因為對未來進行投資需要作出長遠決策，而這種決策與快樂相關(guān)。研究者希望了解樂觀精神和隨快樂而來的精神是否會改變公司投資的方式。因此，他們把普咨詢公司所評估出的城市平均指數(shù)與該地區(qū)的上市公司投資活躍度進行對比。足以肯定的是，公司投資和研發(fā)力度與公司總部所在地的指數(shù)相關(guān)。但是真的與投資相關(guān)嗎？或者說指數(shù)更高的城市的其他方面能夠說明公司為何加大研發(fā)投入。為了弄清這一點，研究者掌幅及人口變化。了解這些問題后，與投資的關(guān)系就能夠輕松得出了。與投資之間的關(guān)系尤其適用于新公司，這是因為新公司所做決定會偏草率，而且年輕的新經(jīng)理決策時更容易受情緒影響。同樣，這種關(guān)系在員工指數(shù)相同的公司尤為明顯。公司似乎樂于投資那相對快樂的員工所在的部門，而不是那些不快樂的部門。然而這并不證明是導致公司大量投資，或者從長遠的角度來講，研究人員認為至少它預示著這種創(chuàng)造力、更研發(fā)這種說法似乎更可信?！币晃谎芯空哒f。SectionⅡReadingPartDirections：Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)It’struethathigh-schoolcodingclassesaren’tessentialforlearningcomputerscienceintheassistantdeanatCarnegieMellon’sSchoolofComputerScience.theylearnthatit’snotjustaconfusing,endlessstringoflettersandnumbers—butatooltobuildapps,orcreateartwork,ortesthypotheses.It’snotashardforthemtotransformtheirthoughtprocessesasitisforolderstudents.Breakingdownproblemsintobite-sizedchunksandusingcodetosolvethem esnormal.Givingmorechildrenthistrainingcouldincreasethenumberofpeopleinterestedinthefieldandhelpfillthejobsgap,Cortinasaid.Studentsalsobenefitfromlearningsomethingaboutcodingbeforetheygettocollege,whereintroductorycomputer-scienceclassesarepackedtothebrim,whichcandrivetheless-experiencedor-determinedstudentsaway.TheFlatironSchool,wherepeoplepaytolearnprogramming,startedasoneofthemanycodingbootcampsthat’s epopularforadultslookingforacareerchange.Thehigh-schoolersgetthesamecurriculum,but“wetrytogearlessonstowardthingsthey’reinterestedin,”saidVictoriaFriedman,aninstructor.Forinstance,oneoftheappsthestudentsaredevelosuggestsmoviesbasedonyourmood.ThestudentsintheFlatironclassprobablywon’tdropoutofhighschoolandbuildthe.Programminglanguageshaveaquickturnover,sothe“RubyonRails”languagetheylearnedmaynotevenberelevantbythetimetheyenterthejobmarket.Buttheskillstheylearn—howtothinklogicallythroughaproblemandorganizetheresults—applytoanycodinglanguage,saidDeborahSeehorn,aneducationconsultantforthestateofNorthCarolina.Indeed,theFlatironstudentsmightnotgointoITatall.Butcreatingafuturearmyofcodersisnotthesolepurposeoftheclasses.Thesekidsaregoingtobesurroundedbycomputers—intheirpockets,intheiroffices,intheirhomes—fortherestoftheirlives.Theyoungertheylearnhowcomputersthink,howtocoaxthemachineintoproducingwhattheywant—theearliertheylearnthattheyhavethepowertodothat—thebetter.Cortinaholdsthatearlyexposuretocomputersciencemakesiteasier completefuturejobremodelthewayofformulatelogicalperfectartworkIndeliveringlessonsforhigh-schoolers,Flatironhasconsidered academiccareerDeborahSeehornbelievesthattheskillslearnedatFlatiron helpstudentslearnothercomputerhavetobeupgradedwhennewneedimprovingwhenstudentslookforenablestudentstomakebigquickAccordingtothelastparagraph,Flatironstudentsareexpected competewithafuturearmyofstaylongerintheinformationtechnologyebetterpreparedforthedigitalizedbringforthinnovativecomputerTheword“coax”(Line4,Para.6)isclosestinmeaning Bremodelthewayof解析：此題是文中人物觀點題。根據(jù)Cortina定位到第二段前三句。Cortina認為盡早接觸計算機科學是有益的。第三句It’snotashardforthemtotransformtheirthoughtprocessesasitisforolderstudents.譯為在轉(zhuǎn)變思維程序方面小孩不像較大的學生一樣，即Bremodelthewayofthinking轉(zhuǎn)變思維方式即為答案D解析：此題是細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Friedman定位到第四段第二句but之后引號里面內(nèi)容“我們試圖讓課程符合學生”，故而Dinterest為正確答案。Ahelpstudentslearnothercomputer解析：文中人物觀點題。題干問的是DeborahSeehorn認為在Flatiron這里所學到的技能將能怎么樣，據(jù)But處，和題干基本一致，該句“Buttheskillstheylearn…appltoanycodinglanguage”，意思是他們學到的技能可以應用于任何編碼語言。對比答案選項，A選項的意思是“幫助學生學習其他的答案 ebetterpreparedforthedigitalized解析：細節(jié)題。題干：根據(jù)最后一段，F(xiàn)latiron的學生被期望去干什么。據(jù)此定位到最后一段的Thesekidsaregoingtobe處，是題干的同義復現(xiàn)。定位句“Thesekidsare…besurroundedbycomputersfortherestoftheirlivesTheyoungertheylearnhowcomputersthink…….thebetter.”，意思是學生們越早學越好。C選項“為數(shù)字化的未來做更好的準備”是同義概述。答案B解析：詞義句意題，結(jié)合上下文來解題。根據(jù)coax此單詞，定位到最后一段最后一句“howtothemachineintoproducingwhattheywant”，固定搭配“persuade…into…”。A選項，B選項勸服，C選項使，D選項誤導?？忌鲱}時一定要注意結(jié)合上下文來推測生詞的詞義，這是命題人的出題規(guī)律。Biologistsestimatethatasmanyas2millionlesserprairiechickens---akindofbirdlivingonstretchinggrasslands—oncelentredtotheoftengraylandscapeofthemidwesternandsouthwesternlistthebirdasthreatened.“Thelesserprairiechickenisinadesperatesituation,”saidUSFWSDirectorDanielAshe.Someenvironmentalists,however,weredisappointed.Theyhadpushedtheagencytodesignatethebirdas“endangered,”astatusthatgivesfederalofficialsgreaterregulatorypowertocrackdownonthreats.ButAsheandothersarguedthatthe“threatened”taggavethe ernmentflexibilitytotryoutnew,potentiallylessalconservationsapproaches.Inparticular,theycalledforforgingclosercollaborationswithwesternstateernments,whichareoftenuneasywithfederalactionandwiththeprivatelandownerswhocontrolanestimated95%oftheprairiechicken’sUnderthen,forexample,theagencysaiditwouldnotprosecutelandownerorthatunintentionallykill,harm,ordisturbthebird,aslongastheyhadsignedarange—widemanagementntorestoreprairiechickenhabitat.NegotiatedbyUSFWSandthestates,thenrequiresindividualsandbusinessesthatdamagehabitataspartoftheiroperationstopayintoafundtoreceeveryacredestroyedwith2newacresofsuitablehabitat.Thefundwillalsobeusedtocompensatelandownerswhosetasidehabitat,USFWSalsosetaninterimgoalofrestoringprairiechickenpopulationstoanannualaverageof67,000birdsoverthenext10years.AnditgivestheWesternAssociationofFishandWildlifeAgencies(WAFWA),acoalitionofstateagencies,thejobofmonitoringprogress.Overall,theideaistolet“states”remaininthedriver’sseatformanagingthespecies，”Ashesaid.Noteveryonebuysthewin-winrhetoricSomeCongressmembersaretryingtoblockthen,andatleastadozenindustrygroups,fourstates,andthreeenvironmentalgroupsarechallengingitinfederalcourtNotsurprisingly,doesn’tgofarenough“Thefederalernmentisgivingresponsibilityformanagingthebirdtothesameindustriesthatarepushingittoextinction,”saysbiologistJayLininger.Themajorreasonforlistingthelesserprairieasthreatenedis [A]itsdrasticallydecreasedpopulation[B]theunderestimateofthegrasslandacreage[C]adesperateappealfromsomebiologists[D]theinsistenceofprivatelandownersThe“threatened”tagdisappointedsomeenvironmentalistsinthatit [A]wasagive-into ernmentalpressure[B]wouldinvolvefeweragenciesinaction[C]grantedlessfederalregulatorypower[D]wentagainstconservationpoliciesItcanbelearnedfromParagraph3thatunintentionalharm-doerswillnotbeprosecutedif agreetopayasumforcompensation[B]volunteertosetupanequallybighabitat[C]offertosupporttheWAFWAmonitoringjob[D]promisetoraisefundsforUSFWSoperationsAccordingtoAshe，theleadingroleinmanagingthespeciesin [A]thefederal thewildlifeagencies[C]thelandowners[D]thestatesJayLiningerwouldmostlikelysupport [A]industrygroups[B]thewin-winrhetoric[C]environmentalgroups[D]thenunderchallengeAitsdrasticallydecreased解析：此題是原因細節(jié)題。根據(jù)定位到第一段But前后關(guān)于lesserprairiechickens數(shù)量2millionitsdrasticallydecreasedpopulation數(shù)量的急劇下降為正確答案。Cgrantedlessfederalregulatory解析此題是原因細節(jié)題根據(jù)定位到第二段第四句，Theyhad…,astatethatgivesfederalofficialsgreaterregulatorypower.而But之后是截然相反的事實，即授予了更少的管理權(quán)。故而Cgrantedlessfederalregulatorypowers為正確答案。Aagreetopayasumfor原文aslongas的意思是：只要他們簽署了計劃。下一句說道，該計劃要求和企業(yè)去支付基金。對應選項A選項“贊同支付賠償”屬于同義替換。答案Dthe解析：此題是細節(jié)題。根據(jù)定位到第三段最后一句theideaistoletthe“states”remaininthedriver’sseatformanagingthespecies,Ashesaid.其中inthedriver’sseattheleadingrole,故而Dstates為正確答案。答案CenvironmentalJayLininger最可能支持誰，大寫人名定位到末段最后一句。最后一句提到：生物學家JayLininger說道要把責任推給導致鳥類的企業(yè)，顯然是對和企業(yè)的。再往前看一句，：企業(yè)團體和部門觀點一致，環(huán)境學家與其觀點恰巧一致。因此，JayLininger最支持環(huán)境團體的觀點了。Thateveryone’stoobusythesedaysisacliché.Butonespecificcomintismadeespeciallymournfully：There’sneveranytimetoread.Whatmakestheproblemthornieristhattheusualtime-managementtechniquesdon’tseemsufficient.Theweb’sfullofarticlesofferingtipsonmakingtimetoread:“GiveupTV”or“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes”Butinmyexperience,usingsuchmethodstouptheodd30minutesdoesn’twork.Sitdowntoreadandtheflywheelofwork-relatedthoughtskeepsspinning-orelseyou’resoexhaustedthatachallengingbook’sthelastthingyouneed.Themodernmind,TimParks,anovelistandcritic,writes,“isoverwhelminglyinclinedtowardcommunication…Itisnotsimplythatoneisinterrupted;itisthatoneisactuallyinclinedtointerruption”.Deepreadingrequiresnotjusttime,butaspecialkindoftimewhichcan’tbeobtainedmerelyby ingmoreInfact,“ ingmoreefficient”ispartoftheproblem.Thinkingoftimeasaresourcetobeisedmeansyouapproachitinstrumentally,judginganygivenmomentaswellspentonlyinsofarasitadvancesprogresstowardsomegoalimmersivereading,bycontrast,dependsonbeingwillingtoriskinefficiency,goallessness,eventime-wasting.Trytoslotitasato-dolistitemandyou’llmanageonlygoal-focusedreading-useful,sometimes,butnotthemostfulfillingkind.“Thefuturecomesatuslikeemptybottlesalonganunstoppableandnearlyinfiniteconveyorbelt,”writesGaryEberleinhisbookSacredTime,and“wefeelapressuretofillthesedifferent-sizedbottles(days,hours,minutes）astheypass,foriftheygetbywithoutbeingfilled,wewillhavewastedthem”.Nomind-setcouldbeworseforlosingyourselfinabook.Sowhatdoeswork?Perhapssurprisingly,schedulingregulartimesforreading.You’dthinkthismightfueltheefficiencymind-set,butinfact,Eberlenotes,suchritualisticbehaviourhelpsus“stepoutsidetime’sflow”into“soultime”.Youcouldlimitdistractionsbyreadingonlyphysicalbooks,oronsingle-purposee-readers.“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes”canactuallywork,too-providingyoudipinoftenenough,sothatreading esthedefaultstatefromwhichyoutemporarilysurfacetotakecareofbusiness,beforedropbackdown.Onareallygoodday,itnolongerfeelsasifyou’re“makingtimetoread,”butjustreading,andmakingtimeforeverythingTheusualtime-managementtechniquesdon’tworkwhattheycanofferdoesnoteasethemodernwhatchallengingbooksdemandisrepetitivewhatpeopleoftenforgetiscarryingabookwithwhatdeepreadingrequirescannotbeThe“emptybottles”metaphorillustratesthatpeoplefeelapressureupdatetheirto-domakepassingtimecarrytheirnspursue Eberlewouldagreethatschedulingregulartimesforreadingencouragetheefficiencymind-developonlinereadingpromoteritualisticachieveimmersive“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes”canwork esyourprimarybusinessoftheallthedailybusinesshasbeenpromptlydealtyouareabletodropbacktobusinessaftertimecanbeevenlysplitforreadingandThebesttitleforthistextcouldHowtoEnjoyEasyHowtoFindTimetoHowtoSetReadingHowtoReadDwhatdeepreadingrequirescannotbe句theusualtime-managementtechniquesdon’tseemsufficient，是題干的同義替換，但要找原因。整段都在分析過程環(huán)節(jié)，最終原因必然在該段末句提到。直接定位到該段末句，深入閱讀不僅需要時間，而D，深入閱讀所需的無法得到確保，是原文末句的BmakepassingtimeGaryEberle所說的話中找到：“Thefuturecomesatuslikeemptybottles…Dachieveimmersive時間幫助什么。根據(jù)題干精確定位到第四段第二句：“You’dthinkthismightfueltheefficiencymind-set,but到閱讀時間。對應選項D，獲得深入閱讀，屬于同義替換。答案A esyourprimarybusinessofthe解析：細節(jié)題。題干：總是帶一本書會起作用如果怎么樣。根據(jù)題干定位到末段中間部分“carryabookwithyouatalltimescanactuallywork,too…sothatreading esthedefaultstatefromwhichyoutemporarilysurfacetotakecareofbusiness.（注意business并非默認狀態(tài)，非主要事情）A閱讀成為每天的主要任務，是該句的同義替BHowtoFindTimeto解析：標題題，即全文中心主旨。通過題干，可發(fā)現(xiàn)題干中time復現(xiàn)多次，因此可確定time為全文的詞。整篇文章都圍繞閱讀時間來展開，因此正確答案為A如何尋找閱讀時間。Againstabackdropofdrasticchangesineconomyandpopulationstructure,youngerAmericansaredrawinganew21st-centuryroadmaptosuccess,alatestpollhasfound.Acrossgenerationallines,Americanscontinuetoprizemanyofthesametraditionaltonesofasuccessfullife,includinggettingmarried,havingchildren,owningahome,andretiringintheirsixties.Butwhileyoungandoldmostlyagreeonwhatconstitutesthefinishlineofafulfillinglife,theyofferstrikinglydifferentpathsforreachingit.Youngpeoplewhoarestillgettingstartedinlifeweremorelikelythanolderadultstoprioritizealfulfillmentintheirwork,tobelievetheywilladvancetheircareersmostbychangingjobs,tofavorcommunitieswithmorepublicservicesandafasterpaceoflife,toagreethatcouplesshouldbefinanciallysecurebeforegettingmarriedorhavingchildren,andtomaintainthatchildrenarebestservedbytwoparentsworkingoutsidethehome,thesurveyfound.Fromcareertocommunityandfamily,thesecontrastssuggestthatintheaftermathofthesearingGreatRecession,thosejuststartingoutinlifearedefiningprioritiesandexpectationsthatwillincreasinglyspreadthroughvirtuallyallaspectsofAmericanlife,fromconsumerpreferencestohousingpatternstopolitics.Youngandoldconvergeononekeypoint:Overwhelmingmajoritiesofbothgroupssaidtheybelieveitisharderforyoungpeopletodaytogetstartedinlifethanitwasforearliergenerations.Whileyoungerpeoplearesomewhatmoreoptimisticthantheireldersabouttheprospectsforthosestartingouttoday,bigmajoritiesinbothgroupsbelievethose“justgettingstartedinlife”faceatougheragood-payingjob,startingafamily,managingdebt,andfindingaffordablehousing.PeteSchneiderconsiderstheclimbtoughertoday.Schneider,a27-yaear-oldautofromtheChicagosuburbssayshestruggledtofindajobaftergraduatingfromcollege.Evennowthatheisworkingsteadily,hesaid.”Ican’taffordtopaymamonthlymortgagepaymentsonmyown,soIhavetorentroomsouttopeopletomarkthathappen.”Lookingback,heisstruckthathisparentscouldprovideacomfortablelifefortheirchildreneventhoughneitherhadcompletedcollegewhenhewasyoung.“Istillgrewupinanuppermiddle-classhomewithparentswhodidn’thavecollegedegrees,”Schneidersaid.“Idon’tthinkpeoplearecapableofthatanymore.”O(jiān)necross-generationmarkofasuccessfullife tryingoutdifferenthavingafamilywithworkingbeyondretirementsettingupaprofitableItcanbelearnedfromParagraph3thatyoungpeopletendto favoraslowerlifeholdanoccupationattachimportancetopre-maritalgiveprioritytochildcareoutsidetheTheprioritiesandexpectationsdefinedbytheyoungwill eincreasinglyfocusonmaterialisticdependlargelyonpoliticalreachalmostallaspectsofAmericanBothyoungandoldagreethat good-payingjobsarelesstheoldmademorelifehousingloanstodayareeasytogettingestablishedisharderfortheWhichofthefollowingistrueaboutHefoundadreamjobaftergraduatingfromHisparentsbelieveworkingsteadilyisamustforHisparents’goodlifehaslittletodowithacollegeHethinkshisjobasatechnicianquiteBhavingafamilywith解析此題是細節(jié)題根據(jù)定位到第二段第一句Acrossgenerationallines,…includinggettingmarried,havingchildren…即成功的標志包括結(jié)婚生子，故而正確選項是Bhavingafamilywithchildren.Cattachimportancetopre-marital解析：此題是細節(jié)題。根據(jù)定位到第三段第一句Youngpeople…toagreethatcouplesshouldbefinanciallysecurebeforegettingmarriedorhavingchildren…即年輕人認為夫妻在結(jié)婚前或者生小孩前應該在經(jīng)濟上是穩(wěn)定的，故而Cattachimportancetopre-maritalfinance為正確答案。DreachalmostallaspectsofAmerican解析：此題是細節(jié)題。根據(jù)定位到第四段第一句…thosejuststarting…willincreasinglyspreadthroughvirtuallyallaspects…即這些期待即將滲透到生活的各個方面，故而DreachalmostallaspectsAmericanlife答案Dgettingestablishedisharderforthe解析：此題是文中人物觀點題。根據(jù)定位到第五段第一句…itisharderforyoungpeopletodaytogetstartedinlifethanitwasforearliergenerations.即與年長者相比，現(xiàn)如今的年輕人維持生計更加，故而Dgettingestablishedisharderfortheyoung為正確答案。CHisparents’goodlifehaslittletodowithacollege解析：此題是正誤判斷題。根據(jù)定位到第六段第五句Lookingback…h(huán)isparentscouldprovideacomfortablelifeforthechildreneventhoughneitherhadcompletedcollegewhenhewasyoung.即父母即便沒有Hisparents’goodlifehaslittletodowithacollegedegree.PartReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.Besilly[B]Have[C]Expressyouremotions[D]Don'toverthinkit[E]Beeasilypleased[F]Noticethings[G]AskforAsadults,itseemsthatweareconstantlypursuinghappiness,oftenwithmixedresults.Yetchildrenappeartohaveitdowntoanart-andforthemostparttheydon'tneedself-helpbooksortherapy.instead,theylookaftertheirwellbeinginstinctively,andusuallymoreeffectivelythanwedoasgrownups.Perhapsit'stimetolearnafewlessonsfromthem. Whatdoesachilddowhenhe'ssad?Hecries.Whenhe'sangry?Heshouts.Scared?Probablyabitofboth.Aswegrowup,welearntocontrolouremotionssotheyaremanageableanddon'tdictateourbehaviours,whichisinmanywaysagoodthing.Buttoooftenwetakethisprocesstoofarandendupsuppressingemotions,especiallynegativeones.that'saboutaseffectiveasbrushingdirtunderacarpetandcanevenmakeusill.Whatweneedtodoisfindawaytoacknowledgeandexpresswhatwefeelappropriay,andthen-againlikechildren-move. AcoupleofChristmasesago,myyoungeststepdaughter,whowasnineyearsoldatthetime,gotaSupermanT-shirtforChristmas.Itcostlessthanafiverbutsheoverjoyed,andcouldn'tstoptalkingaboutit.Toooftenwebelievethatanewjob,biggerhouseorbettercarwillbethemagicsilverbulletthatwillallowustofinallybecontent,buttherealityisthesethingshaveverylittlelastingimpactonourhappinesslevels.Instead,beinggratefulforsmallthingseverydayisamuchbetterwaytoimprovewellbeing. Haveyouevernoticedhowmuchchildrenlaugh?Ifweadultscouldindulgeinabitofsillinessandgiggling,wewouldreducethestresshormonesinourbodies,increasegoodhormoneslikeendorphins,improvebloodflowtoourheartsandevenhaveagreaterchanceoffightingoffenfection.Allofwhich,ofcourse,haveapositiveeffectonhappinesslevels. Theproblemwithbeingagrownupisthatthere'sanawfullotofseriousstufftodealwith---work,mortgagepayments,figuringoutwhattocookfordinner.Butasadultswealsohavetheluxuryofbeingabletocontrolourowndiariesandit'simportantthatwescheduleintimetoenjoythethingswelove.Thosethingsmightbe-itdoesn'tmatter,solongasthey'reenjoyable,andnotlikelytohavenegativesideeffects,suchasdrinkingtoomuchalcoholorgoingonawildspendingspreeifyou'reonatightbudget. Havingsaidalloftheabove,it'simportanttoaddthatweshouldn'ttrytoohardtobehappy.Scientistslusthiscanbackfireandactuallyhaveanegativeimpactonourwellbeing.AsthephilosopherChuangTzuisreportedtohavesaid:"Happinessistheabsenceofstrivingforhappiness."Andinthat,oncemore,weneedtolooktotheexampleofourchildren,towhomhappinessisnotagoalbutanaturalbyproductofthewaytheylive.7首先應當把握本文的出發(fā)點，也就是41題目之前的關(guān)鍵句：我們應該從孩子身上學些東西。“捉住本C表達情感。開頭以問句的方式：“孩子悲傷時會怎樣？孩子生氣時會如何？他們的表達方式與大人不同，成人會選擇壓抑情感，并且會有不好的，比如致病。緊接著最后一句算是總結(jié)句：我們要找嘍。選項為CE舉例子的目的無非是為了證明觀點。但是從例子也是可以總結(jié)出想要表達的意思的。講到一個小因為一個廉價的圣誕就可以高興，并且很快樂，就旨在講小小的。再來看看例子后面的觀點。提到成人的世界里所謂的車啊，房啊之類的貌似會讓我們的東西其實不然。所以一個instead直接把本段的中心意思表達了出來，那就是來自于小小的事情。對應選項EA一句話出現(xiàn)在第二句。問句之后，如果我們能夠“愚蠢“那么一點點，會有各種好處，對不對。那么這一段幾乎大段的篇幅都花在這一句上了，主旨更加明顯那就是：去這樣做吧。Besilly.B這一段講到成人的世界里的確有太多讓人煩惱的東西，Butasadultswealsohavetheluxuryofbeingabletocontrolourowndiariesandit'simportantthatwescheduleintimetoenjoythethingswelove享受自己喜歡的haveD不要可以去想怎樣才，應用了哲人的一句話來說明這個道理，旨在告訴大家當讓是過程就是的了。最后可以用排除法。G尋求幫助根本未提及。F選項可以直接排除。那么對應關(guān)系，來看看D不要想太多?！盁o欲無求，本就是啦?！白罱K選定DSectionIIIonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Translatethefollowingtextinto.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Thesupermarketisdesignedtolurecustomersintospendingasmuchtimeaspossiblewithinitsdoors.Thereasonforthisissimple:Thelongeryoustayinthestore,themorestuffyou'llsee,andthemorestuffyousee,themoreyou'llbuy.Andsupermarketscontainalotofstuff.Theaveragesupermarket,accordingtotheFoodMarketingInstitute,carriessome44,00differentitems,andmanycarrytensofthousandsmore.Thesheervolumeofavailablechoiceisenoughtosendshoppersintoastateofinformationoverload.Accordingtobrain-scanexperiments,thedemandsofsomuchdecision-makingquickly etoomuchforus.Afterabout40minutesofshop,mostpeoplestopstrugglingtoberationallyselective,andinsteadbeginshopemotionally-whichisthepointatwhichweaccumulatethe50percentofstuffinourcartthatweneverintendedbuying.超市旨在吸引顧客盡可能長時間的停留在店中。其原因很簡單：顧客在店里停留的時間越長，看到的商品越多；而看到的商品越多，買的就會越多。超市中大量的商品。根據(jù)食品推廣的，普的超市大概有44000種不同的商品；還有很多超市的商品高達上萬種。如此多的選擇足以使顧客面超負荷的信息。根據(jù)腦部掃描實驗，需要快速的做這么多決定就會讓我們難以承受。大購物40分鐘經(jīng)裝了一半根本就沒想買的東西了。SectionIVPartSupposeyouwonatranslationcontestandyourfriendJackwroteantocongratulateyou,andaskadviceontranslation.WritehimareplytothankgiveyourYoushouldwriteneatlyontheANWSERSHEET.Donotsignyouownnameattheendoftheletter,use“LiMing”instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10point)DearI’mwritingtoexpressmygratitudeforyourcongratulationonmysuccessinthetranslationcontest.Asregardtomyexperience,Iwouldliketoofferyousomeproposalsinthispart.Firstandforemost,Istronglysuggestyouthatyouneedtopracticewithpainstakingeffortinthisfield.What’smore,youhadbetterhavemorecommunicationwithforeigners,whichguaranteesthatyouhaveadeepunderstandingofforeignculture.Lastbutnotleast,youaresupposedtoparticipate