版新教材英語(yǔ)人教版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)學(xué)案UNIT1SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTSSectionⅡLearningAboutLanguageWord版含答案

SectionⅡLearningAboutLanguage（表語(yǔ)從句）情境創(chuàng)設(shè)·語(yǔ)法精講教材鏈接1.（教材P2）Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.2.（教材P5）Youmaynotbelieveit,butthatwaswhathappenedattheinitialstageofourgroup’sresearchondevelopingavaccineformalaria.3.（教材P5）WhatSnowwasdeterminedtofindoutwaswhythe1854outbreakofcholerainLondoncouldhavecausedover500deathswithintendays.4.（教材P5）Werealisedthatwhatwecaredaboutwasnotwhataspectweneededtodevelopatheoryin,butratherhowwecanreducethecostofavaccinewithoutreducingiseffect!觀察并歸納：1.所有例句中的黑體部分都位于系動(dòng)詞be后，作表語(yǔ)，故都是表語(yǔ)從句，這些表語(yǔ)從句在詞性上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞。2.句（1）由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)；句（2）由連接代詞what引導(dǎo)；句（3）由連接副詞why引導(dǎo)；句（4）由連接代詞what引導(dǎo)。要點(diǎn)精析表語(yǔ)從句放在系動(dòng)詞（也稱連系動(dòng)詞）之后，充當(dāng)復(fù)合句中的表語(yǔ)。表語(yǔ)從句就是指一個(gè)句子作為表語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是什么或者怎么樣。一般結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)從句”?？山颖碚Z(yǔ)從句的系動(dòng)詞有be,look,remain,seem等。類別引導(dǎo)詞用法從屬連詞that只起連接作用，不作句子成分,無(wú)實(shí)際意義whether只起連接作用,不作句子成分，意為“是否”，不能用if替換連接代詞who,what,whom,whose,which等在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等連接副詞when,where,why,how等在從句中作狀語(yǔ)其他連詞because主句主語(yǔ)一般不用reasonasif/asthough表語(yǔ)從句表示的情況發(fā)生的可能性較小時(shí)，常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣1.由連接詞that,whether引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句從屬連詞that的用法：①無(wú)意義；②不充當(dāng)成分。而whether有詞義，意為“是否”。這時(shí)主句的主語(yǔ)常常是些抽象名詞，如question,trouble,problem,result,chance,suggestion,idea,reason等。表語(yǔ)從句對(duì)主句主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行說(shuō)明、解釋，使主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容具體化。Thereasonforhisabsenceisthathehasn’tbeeninformed.他缺席的原因是他沒(méi)被通知。Thepointiswhetherweshouldlendhimthemoney.關(guān)鍵在于我們是否應(yīng)該借錢給他。Whatshecouldn’tunderstandwasthatfewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.她不能理解的是越來(lái)越少的學(xué)生對(duì)她的課感興趣。誤區(qū)警示if不能引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。2.由連接代詞引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句在連接代詞who,what,which,whom,whose等引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句中，連接代詞在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等，并且不能省略。Thequestioniswhichofusshouldgo.問(wèn)題是我們哪一個(gè)應(yīng)該去。Theproblemwaswhocoulddothework.問(wèn)題是誰(shuí)能做這項(xiàng)工作。That’swhatheisworryingabout.那就是他在擔(dān)心的事。That’swhatweshoulddo.那是我們應(yīng)該做的。3.由連接副詞引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句在連接副詞when,where,why,how等引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句中，連接副詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。Goandgetyourcoat.It’swhereyouleftit.去把衣服拿來(lái)。就在你原來(lái)放的地方。Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella.That’swhyIgotwetthrough.我既沒(méi)雨衣也沒(méi)傘。那就是我濕透的原因。Thatishowmiceruinmanystoresofgraineveryyear.那就是老鼠每年是怎樣損害大量糧食的。4.由從屬連詞because,asif/asthough等引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句Itlookedasifitwasgoingtosnow.看起來(lái)好像要下雪了。That’sbecauseweneverthoughtofit.這是因?yàn)槲覀儚奈聪脒^(guò)此事。Itseemsasthoughhedidn’tknowtheanswer.好像他不知道答案。易混辨析why和because引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別That’swhy...意為“那是……的原因”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果That’sbecause...意為“那是因?yàn)椤睆?qiáng)調(diào)原因Ididn’tphoneher,andthat’swhyshegotangrywithme.（強(qiáng)調(diào)“沒(méi)打電話”這一結(jié)果）我沒(méi)有給她打電話。那就是她對(duì)我生氣的原因。Ididn’tphoneher,andthat’sbecauseIgotangrywithher.（強(qiáng)調(diào)“生氣”這一原因）我沒(méi)有給她打電話。那是因?yàn)槲疑臍饬?。誤區(qū)警示reason作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面的表語(yǔ)從句表示原因時(shí)要用that引導(dǎo)，不宜用because。5.表語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在表語(yǔ)從句中，表示間接的命令、要求、請(qǐng)求、建議、決定等，主句中的主語(yǔ)通常是：advice,suggestion,proposal,request,order,idea等,從句謂語(yǔ)形式是“should+動(dòng)詞原形”（should可以省略）。Myadviceisthatyou（should)practisespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible.我的建議是你（應(yīng)該）盡可能多地練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。Mysuggestionisthatweshouldtellhim.我的建議是我們應(yīng)該告訴他。實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練Ⅰ.單句填空1.Hegotcaughtintheheavytraffic.Thatwaswhyhewaslate.2.Energyiswhatmakesthingswork.3.Wedidn’tsetout;itwasbecausewewantedtowaituntilourmothercameback.4.Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonisthatonecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.5.Ashipinharborissafe,butthat’snotwhatshipsarebuiltfor.6.ThetroubleisthatIcantfindmyway.7.Whathewantstoknowiswhetherwecanfinishourworkbytomorrowmorning.8.ThereasonwhyIwassadwasthathedidn’tunderstandme.9.Thatiswhatwearelookingforwardto.10.Theproblemiswhoisreallyfitforthehardjob.11.That’swhereIfirstmether,thesmallbeautifulpark.12.Hissolerequirementwasthatthesystemwork.13.Thefirsttimewemeteachotherwaswhenwestudiedinthatschool.14.Thereisnodoubtthatthat’swhyIobjecttotheplan.Ⅱ.完成句子1.困難是我們資金短缺。Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.2.這就是新英格蘭牧場(chǎng)用石頭墻而不用柵欄的原因。ThatiswhystonewallsareusedinsteadoffencesaroundNewEnglandfields.3.聽(tīng)起來(lái)好像有人在敲門。Itsoundsasifsomeoneisknockingatthedoor.4.當(dāng)時(shí)，我似乎怎么也想不出一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)淖盅蹃?lái)。Atthat