【2021年】山東省菏澤市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題(含答案)

【2021年】山東省菏澤市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、1.Writing(10題)1.1．舉例說(shuō)明水對(duì)人類的重要性

2．舉例說(shuō)明我國(guó)所面臨的水資源問(wèn)題

3．為了自下而上和發(fā)展人們要……

PreciousWater

2.Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteashortessayentitledPressureinModernLife.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.現(xiàn)代生活充滿壓力

2.壓力對(duì)人身心的影響;

3.如何緩解壓力

3.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteashortessayentitledEnergyCrisis.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinEnglish:

1.Energycrisisisoneofthemainproblemsfacingtheworldtoday.

2.Importanceofenergy.

3.Conservingenergy.

4.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicShouldWeStartOurWork-lifeorGoonwithOurEducation.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.許多大學(xué)生畢業(yè)生面臨著就業(yè)和深造的兩難境地

2．有人認(rèn)為他們應(yīng)該繼續(xù)深造，有人認(rèn)為他們應(yīng)馬上就業(yè)

3．你的看法

5.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTheEffectsoftheEconomicCrisis.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)度卷世界各國(guó)

2.經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的影響

3.我們應(yīng)該……

TheEffectsoftheEconomicCrisis

6.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanapplicationfortheassistantlibrarianinyourschool.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.介紹你的姓名、班級(jí)、專業(yè)等基本信息

2.列舉你的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，證明你能勝任此職位

3.表明你對(duì)此工作的熱情，渴望得到鍛煉的機(jī)會(huì)

AnApplicationfortheAssistantLibrarian

7.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:HowtoDealwithPersonalCrisis.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:

1.HowtoDealwithPersonalCrisis

1．造成個(gè)人危機(jī)的起因；

2．應(yīng)對(duì)個(gè)人危機(jī)的方法。

8.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTheValueofScience.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.有的人認(rèn)為，科學(xué)的價(jià)值在于對(duì)人類物質(zhì)生活的提高作出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)；另一些人則認(rèn)為，科學(xué)的真正價(jià)值在于它提高了人的整體素質(zhì).你的看法如何？寫出你的觀點(diǎn)，并適當(dāng)舉例說(shuō)明你的理由.

9.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledSayNotoAvianInfluenza.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.“禽流感”危害的后果及其嚴(yán)重性

2．造成這種突發(fā)疫情的原因

3．我們應(yīng)該如何對(duì)待

Usefulwordsandexpressions:

禽流感:avianinfluenza

預(yù)警系統(tǒng):warningsystem

應(yīng)急機(jī)制:emergencyresponsemechanism

SayNotoAvianInfluenza

10.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaycommentingonthepleasureoflearning.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.

1．學(xué)習(xí)是一種樂(lè)趣

2．學(xué)習(xí)的樂(lè)趣普遍存在(存在于書本學(xué)習(xí)、藝術(shù)欣賞、了解世界等多方面的學(xué)習(xí)之中)

3．如何走出“學(xué)習(xí)是痛苦的”誤區(qū)

二、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(10題)11.

Thepriceofnaturalgasischeaperandmorestablethanthatofgasoline.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

Thebuyersofelectricorplug-inhybridcarscanenjoyasumof$7,500in______.

13.

Hisjokesoftenledtoviolencewhenhewasaboy.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Aimlesswanderingsometimescanmakeitpossibleforvisitorstofindsome______,whichmightbemostmemorableduringtheirtrip.

15.

Theauthorcomparesourmemoryfirstto"filecabinets"(Paragraph5)andthentoan"ever-greentree"(thelastparagraph).Thisspecialcomparisonisknownas

16.

Writingavisualmentalscript.tobefollowedinthecontesttocomebuildsmoreaggressivenessthan______.

17.PassageOne

TourismisoneofthelargestindustriesintheUK--worthapproximately＄127.9billion.Itemploysmorethan1.5millionpeople(7percentofallemployment)inhotels,restaurants,pubs,travelagencies,museumsetc.

MasstourisminEnglandbeganinthesecondhalt'ofthenineteenthcentury,duringtheVictorianPeriod.Seasideholidayswereparticularlypopular.

Abouttwenty-fivemillionpeoplenowvisitEnglandeveryyear.Theycomefromallovertheworld.NearlyallofthemstartinLondon,andsomenevergooutofthatgreatcity.

PeoplevisitEnglandformanyreasons.Somereturntodiscovertheirfamilyroots,havingoriginatedfromhere.Otherscometoseethewidevarietyofhistoricalbuildingsortosampletheheritageandtraditionsthatwehavesomuchof.

Englandhasmuchtooffer,wonderfulandverydifferentcountrysidefromregiontoregionandalsoawidevarietyofculture.ItisalsooftenusedasasteppingstonetotherestofEuropeaswearesocloseandtraveliseasy.

TherearethebeautifuluniversitycitiesofOxfordandCambridge,thewonderfulDorsetcoast,andtheLakeDistrict,StonehengeandWindsorCastle.

PassageTwo

LONDONFridayMarch15(ReutersHealth)--Despitethepublicperceptionthatcyberspaceisashallowandsometimeshostileenvironment,loverswhomeetthroughInternetchatroomsmayactuallyendupformingstrongrelationships,aresearcherreportedFridayattheBritishPsychologicalSocietymeetinginBlackpool.

Oncepotentialpartnersmeetface-to-face,therelationshipmaythrivebecausetheyfeeltheyalreadyknoweachotherwellthroughtheironlineencounters,saidDrJeffreyGavin,alecturerinpsychologyattheUniversityofBath.

Contrarytoexpectations,mostchatmomusersdon'ttotallymisleadonlinepartnersabouttheirlooksandshape.Instead,theyjusttellafewwhiteliesabouttheirheight,orthecoloroftheirhair,hesaid.

"Chatroomsdon'tleadtoshallowandimpersonalrelationships,"GavintoldReutersHealth."TheyleadtoreallycloserelationshipsbecausepeopleexpressthemselvesmorefreelyandaremoreopenandhonestontheInternet.

Gavincametothisconclusionaftercarryingoutin-depthinterviewswith42regularchatmomusersranginginagefrom19to26.

"Whattendstohappenisthat,whentheymeet,it'safairlysmoothtransitionfromonlinetooff-linebecausetheyknoweachothersowell,"saidGavin.

Thelateststudysuggestscyberspacemayhavesomeconsiderablebenefitsinhelpingnewrelationshipsform.

Theinterviewsshowedpeopleroutinelyliedaboutthemselvesonline,butinmostcasesrileywereminormisrepresentationsratherthanoutrightfabrication.Interestingly,thislittlebitofdishonestyseemedtoencouragechatroomuserstothenbemoreemotionallyexplicitandintimate.

"Theystillseemtocomplytothesocialnormsaroundthebody,"Gavinexplained."Sotheguystendtomakethemselvessoundblondandblue-eyed,whilethewomenaddabitofblondtotheirhair.It'sme12ofthemtoldoutfightliesbuttherestjustexaggeratedslightly."

Gavinsaidofthe42volunteershestudied,29reportedclosefriendshipsorromanticrelationshipswithpeopletheymetonline,with21progressingtoface-to-facemeetings.

"ThiswasmorethanIexpectedandthesetendedtosettleintoregularrelationships.Onecoupleevenbecameengagedtobemarried,"henoted.

PassageThree

LEGEND:

+DiedinofficexResignedfromPresidency

++Assassinatedinoffice&

A.YB.NC.NG

18.Accordingtothepassage,whataspectistheresponsibilityrevolutionmainlyconcernedwith?

A.Thechangeofthemindofconsumerstospendcautiously.

B.Theeffortofthecompaniestobeenvironmental.

C.Theeffortofthecompaniestobesustainable.

D.Thebehavior.ofthecitizentospendresponsibly.

19.

WidelyusingPrEPsmaycausepotentialproblemslikeethical,issuesand______.

20.

Trustiscomposedofthreeelements:thecapacityfortrusting,theperceptionofcompetence,and______.

三、3.ListeningComprehension(10題)21.

【B6】

22.聽(tīng)力原文：Therearetwokindsofmemory:short-termandlongterm.Informationinlong-termmemorycan.berecalledatalatertimewhenitisneeded.Theinformationmaybekeptfordaysandweeks.Incontrast,informationinshort-termmemoryiskeptforonlyafewseconds,usuallybyrepeatingtheinformationoverandover.Thefollowingexperimentshowshowshort-termmemoryhasbeenstudied.

HenningstudiedhowstudentswhoarelearningEnglishassecondlanguageremembervocabulary.Thesubjectsinhisexperimentwere75collegestudents.TheyrepresentedalllevelsofabilityinEnglish:beginning,intermediate,advanced,andnative-speakingstudents.Tobeginwith,thesubjectslistenedtoarecordingofanativespeakerreadingaparagraphinEnglish.Followingtherecording,thesubjectstooka15-questiontesttoseewhichwordstheyremembered.Eachquestionhadfourchoices.Thesubjectshadtocirclethewordtheyhadheardintherecording.Someofthequestionshadfourchoicesthatsoundedalike.Forexample,weather,whether,wither,andwetherarefourwordssoundalike.Someofthequestionshadfourchoicesthathavethesamemeaning.Method,way,manner,andsystemwouldbefourwordswiththesamemeaning.Finallythesubjectstookalanguageproficiencytest.

HenningfoundthatstudentswithalowerproficiencyinEnglishmademoreoftheirmistakesonwordsthatsoundalike;studentswithahigherproficiencymademoreoftheirmistakesonwordsthathavethesamemeaning.Henning'sresultssuggestthatbeginningstudentsholdthesoundofwordsintheirshort-termmemory,andtheadvancedstudentsholdthemeaningofwordsintheirshort-termmemory.

(33)

A.TostudyhowstudentsrememberEnglishvocabularybyshort-termmemory.

B.TostudyhowstudentslearnEnglishvocabulary.

C.Tostudyhowtodevelopstudent'sabilityinEnglish.

D.Tostudyhowlonginformationinshort-termmemoryiskept.

23.(35)

A.Ataclub.

B.Onafarm.

C.Ataconstructionsite.

D.Inarecordcompany.

24.(36)

A.Negative.B.Supportive.C.Neutral.D.Critical.

25.

【B3】

26.(32)

A.Itstandsforhostility.

B.Itisnotnormal.

C.Itisaninvasionofspace.

D.Itmeansintimacybetweentwopeople.

27.聽(tīng)力原文：W：Youcan't，iustdecidetostarthammeringthingsintowalls．Youneedtogetpermissionfirst.Haveyoucheckedwiththelandlord?

M：Calmdown．IgothisnumberfromHelen，gavehimacallandhegavemethethumbup．

Q：Whatdoesthemanmean?

(18)

A.HecalledHelenandshegavehimherpermission.

B.Hehithisthumbbecauseofcarelessness.

C.Hecalledthelandlordbuthedidn'tgetthrough.

D.Hewasallowedtohammerthingsintowallsbythelandlord.

28.(34)

A.Turningrightataredlight.

B.Drivinginfreewayswithoutalocaldriver'slicense.

C.Passingaschoolbusthatislettingoff.children.

D.Alloftheabove.

29.(43)

30.【B9】

四、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(3題)31.

Whydoespromotionmattersomuchforthosewhohavealreadyacquiredhighsocialstatus?

32.Theauthor'sattitudetowardnoisewouldbestbedescribedas______.

A.unrealisticB.traditionalC.concernedD.hysterical

33.

Whatcausedthegianttsunami?

五、5.ErrorCorrection(3題)34.

【S3】

35.

【S6】

36.Oceanographyhasbeendefinedtheapplicationofall【S1】______

sciencestothestudyofthesea.Beforethenineteenthcentury,

scientistswithaninterestintheseawerefeworfarbetween,【S2】______

CertainlyNewtonconsideredsometheoreticalaspectsofitinhis

writings,buthewasunwillingtogotoseatofartherhiswork.For【S3】______

mostpeopletheseawasremote,andwiththeexceptofearly【S4】______

intercontinentaltravelersorotherswhoearnedalivingfromthe

sea,therewaslittlereasontoaskmanyquestionsaboutit,tolet【S5】______

aloneaskwhatliedbeneaththesurface.Thefirsttimethatthe【S6】______

question"Whatisatthebottomoftheoceans?"hadtobe

answeredwithanycommercialconsequencewasthelayingofa【S7】______

telegraphcablefromEuropetoAmericawasproposed.The

engineershadtoknowthedepthprofileoftheroutetoestimate

thelengthofcablethathadtobemanufactured.ItwasintoMaury

oftheUSNavythattheAtlanticTelegraphCompanyturned,in【S8】______

1853,forinformationonthismatter.Inthe1840s,Mauryhad

beenresponsibleforencouragingvoyagesduringwhich

soundingsweretakentoinvestigatethewidthoftheNorth

Atlantic.Later,someofhisfindingsarousedmuchpopular【S9】______

interestsinhisbookThePhysicalGeographyoftheSea.【S10】______

【S1】

六、6.ErrorCorrection(3題)37.

【S8】

38.

【S3】

39.

【S4】

參考答案

1.PreciouswaterNoonedoubtstheimportanceofwater.Humanbeingsliveonwateranimalsliveonwaterplantsliveonwaterandalllivingthingsliveonwater.Youcan'timaginewhatwouldhappeniftherewerenowaterintheworld!Chinaisoneofthecountriesintheworldthatarebadlyshortofwater.Waterproblemhasbecomemoreacuteinrecentyearswiththeincreaseofwaterconsumptionandpollution.Inbigcitiesthewaterproblemhasbecomeevenworse.Withthegrowthofpopulationmoreandmorewaterisneeded.Withthedevelopmentoftheindustryalargequantityofwaterhasbeenandisbeingpolluted.WaterpollutionisthemostseriousproblemthatChinaisfacing.Ithasspreadtoriverslakesandeventheoceans.Inordertosurvivemanhastobewiseenoughtotreasurewaterandtrytopreventitfrombeingpolluted.Manshouldalsoknowthatallresourcesintheworldarelimitedincludingwater.Makegooduseofthemotherwisemanwillbepunishedbynature.Totreasurewateristotreasurelife;toprotectourenvironmentistoprotectourselves.PreciouswaterNoonedoubtstheimportanceofwater.Humanbeingsliveonwater,animalsliveonwater,plantsliveonwaterandalllivingthingsliveonwater.Youcan'timaginewhatwouldhappeniftherewerenowaterintheworld!Chinaisoneofthecountriesintheworldthatarebadlyshortofwater.Waterproblemhasbecomemoreacuteinrecentyearswiththeincreaseofwaterconsumptionandpollution.Inbigcities,thewaterproblemhasbecomeevenworse.Withthegrowthofpopulation,moreandmorewaterisneeded.Withthedevelopmentoftheindustry,alargequantityofwaterhasbeenandisbeingpolluted.WaterpollutionisthemostseriousproblemthatChinaisfacing.Ithasspreadtorivers,lakes,andeventheoceans.Inordertosurvive,manhastobewiseenoughtotreasurewaterandtrytopreventitfrombeingpolluted.Manshouldalsoknowthatallresourcesintheworldarelimited,includingwater.Makegooduseofthem,otherwise,manwillbepunishedbynature.Totreasurewateristotreasurelife;toprotectourenvironmentistoprotectourselves.

2.PressureinModernLifePeoplearefacedwithmoreandmorepressureinmodernlife.Adultshavetocompetewithoneanotherforbetterjobshigherpaysdesirableprizesandopportunitiesofpromotion.EvensmallcPressureinModernLifePeoplearefacedwithmoreandmorepressureinmodernlife.Adultshavetocompetewithoneanotherforbetterjobs,higherpays,desirableprizesandopportunitiesofpromotion.Evensmallc

3.EnergyCrisisOneofthemainproblemsfacingtheworldtodayistheenergycrisis.Withthedevelopmentofindustryandagriculturetheworldhasconsumedagreatamountofenergy.Butallthisenergyhasgoneforever.Thereforeenergysuppliesarebecomingfewerandfewer.Thismakesitpossiblethatallformsofenergywillbeexhaustedinthefuture.Howeverenergyisofgreatimportancetoman.Wecanhardlyimaginehowmancouldliveinaworldwithoutenergy.Wewouldn'tbeabletodriveourcarsandlistentoourfavoritesongs.Moreoverthenightwouldbecomedarkallthetime.Inshortoncemanlosesalltheenergyresourceshewillnotbeabletoexistintheworld.Thereforeconservingourenergyisanimportanttask.Wemusttakeactivemeasurestoprotectourenergyresources.Ontheonehandweshoulduseourenergyreasonably;ontheotherhandweshouldeducateouryoungpeoplenottowasteenergy．Thenwewillbeabletosendagoodgift—energytoournextgeneration．EnergyCrisisOneofthemainproblemsfacingtheworldtodayistheenergycrisis.Withthedevelopmentofindustryandagriculture,theworldhasconsumedagreatamountofenergy.Butallthisenergyhasgoneforever.Therefore,energysuppliesarebecomingfewerandfewer.Thismakesitpossiblethatallformsofenergywillbeexhaustedinthefuture.However,energyisofgreatimportancetoman.Wecanhardlyimaginehowmancouldliveinaworldwithoutenergy.Wewouldn'tbeabletodriveourcarsandlistentoourfavoritesongs.Moreover,thenightwouldbecomedarkallthetime.Inshort,oncemanlosesalltheenergyresources,hewillnotbeabletoexistintheworld.Therefore,conservingourenergyisanimportanttask.Wemusttakeactivemeasurestoprotectourenergyresources.Ontheonehand,weshoulduseourenergyreasonably;ontheotherhand,weshouldeducateouryoungpeoplenottowasteenergy．Thenwewillbeabletosendagoodgift—energytoournextgeneration．

4.ShouldWeStartOurWork-lifeorGoonwithOurEducationMostofthegraduatesnowadaysfindthemselvesinadilemma.Althoughsomanygraduatesareeagertosetfeetontheirwork-liferoadtherearestillsomewhoprefertostarttheirnewlifeaftergaininganotherdegreetomakebetterpreparationforenteringsociety.Thosewhopreferafurthereducationthinkthatintoday'ssocietytheachievementsandstatusyoucangetarecloselyconnectedwithyoureducationalbackgroundanddegreescoupledwiththeeffortsyouputinthem.Andifyouwanttostridetoyourdestinationsmoresmoothlyandeasilyyoushouldheadforthefurtherstudycourageously.Othergraduatesareeagertostartworkingusuallybecausetheyareeagertobeindependentoftheirfamiliestorelievethefinancialburdenontheirparents.Inmyopinionitdependswhethertostartworkingimmediatelyortogoonwithyoureducation.Ifyouaregoodatallyourcoursestheseyearsandyoucanaffordafurtherstudyyoushouldsticktoit.Ifit'snotthecaseyoucanjustgotofindajobandworkonit.ShouldWeStartOurWork-lifeorGoonwithOurEducationMostofthegraduatesnowadaysfindthemselvesinadilemma.Althoughsomanygraduatesareeagertosetfeetontheirwork-liferoad,therearestillsomewhoprefertostarttheirnewlifeaftergaininganotherdegreetomakebetterpreparationforenteringsociety.Thosewhopreferafurthereducationthinkthatintoday'ssociety,theachievementsandstatusyoucangetarecloselyconnectedwithyoureducationalbackgroundanddegrees,coupledwiththeeffortsyouputinthem.Andifyouwanttostridetoyourdestinationsmoresmoothlyandeasily,youshouldheadforthefurtherstudycourageously.Othergraduatesareeagertostartworkingusuallybecausetheyareeagertobeindependentoftheirfamilies,torelievethefinancialburdenontheirparents.Inmyopinion,itdependswhethertostartworkingimmediatelyortogoonwithyoureducation.Ifyouaregoodatallyourcoursestheseyearsandyoucanaffordafurtherstudy,youshouldsticktoit.Ifit'snotthecase,youcanjustgotofindajobandworkonit.解析：本作文題目反映了大學(xué)生活中一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題，屬于對(duì)比觀點(diǎn)的議論文。和其他議論文一樣，這篇作文也由二段組成：第一段首先指出大學(xué)生畢業(yè)后面臨的兩難處境：就業(yè)或深造；第二段闡述了兩種選擇各自的理由，是本文的主體部分，第三段說(shuō)明自己的觀點(diǎn)：選擇繼續(xù)深造還是馬上就業(yè)，應(yīng)因人而異，沒(méi)有統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

5.TheEffectsoftheEconomicCrisisTheUSsub-primemortgagecrisisturnsouttobeanightmarefortheworldeconomy．ThoughittookshapeilltheUnitedStates．ithasalreadyresultedinadverseconsequencesforbanksaTheEffectsoftheEconomicCrisisTheUSsub-primemortgagecrisisturnsouttobeanightmarefortheworldeconomy．ThoughittookshapeilltheUnitedStates．ithasalreadyresultedinadverseconsequencesforbanksa解析：本文要求考生就近期的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)表明自己的看法。在布局上，第一段簡(jiǎn)明介紹經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的一些基本情況，談及它的起因，各國(guó)的不同情況等；第二段說(shuō)明經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的影響，考生應(yīng)該首先對(duì)其影響做一些限制，明確受影響的具體方面；第一段闡明我們應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)對(duì)這次經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，可以從具體的措施上發(fā)表個(gè)人看法，也可以從宏觀上論述我們應(yīng)該采取何種態(tài)度，言之有理即可。

6.AnApplicationfortheAssistantLibrarianDearlibrarianIsawyouradontheLibraryBoardthismorningand.Iamveryinterestedinthepostasanassistantlibrarian.MynameisJackandIamasophomoreintheDeparAnApplicationfortheAssistantLibrarianDearlibrarian,IsawyouradontheLibraryBoardthismorningand.Iamveryinterestedinthepostasanassistantlibrarian.MynameisJackandIamasophomoreintheDepar解析：本文要求寫一篇求職信，主要目的是向負(fù)責(zé)招聘的人介紹自己，使他信服自己能夠勝任所申請(qǐng)職位。在布局上，根據(jù)題目中給出的提綱來(lái)展開即可。第一段介紹自己的姓名、班級(jí)、專業(yè)等基本信息，同時(shí)向面試者表明自己對(duì)此職位有意向；第二段說(shuō)明你具備的優(yōu)點(diǎn)能夠勝任此職位；第三段表明對(duì)招聘人的感謝，留下具體的聯(lián)系方式，如電話、傳真、電子郵件或通訊地址等，但最好不要在作文中出現(xiàn)自己的真實(shí)信息。

7.HowtoDealwithPersonalCrisisSincedifferentpersonmaycomeacrossdifferentcrisisitisdifficulttoanswerwhypersonalcrisiswillhappenandwhatleadstothesituation.Itdepends.Butthemainoriginsandcausescanbeconcludedinthefollowingthreeaspects:lackofstrongmindandpersonalincompetencetoovercomedifficultydisadvantageoussurroundingsandbadluck.Onlywhenonepersondoeswellinallthesethreeaspectscanheorsheavoidpersonalcrisis.Butanywayallisnotlostthatisindanger.Everycloudhasasilverlining.Onewillsurelycomeoutfromthecrisisifhemastersthefightmethods.Atfirstheshouldenvisagethecrisiswiththerighteye.Andthenheshouldbestrongly-mindedandbeperseverantallthetime.Thirdlyheshouldtryhisbesttoimproverelationwithhisbosscolleaguespartnersfriendsandhisfamilymembersinordertogetabettersurrounding.Atlastheshouldtrytograspeverychancetomakeprogress.Inthiswaythecrisiscanbetransferredtosuccess.HowtoDealwithPersonalCrisisSincedifferentpersonmaycomeacrossdifferentcrisis,itisdifficulttoanswerwhypersonalcrisiswillhappenandwhatleadstothesituation.Itdepends.Butthemainoriginsandcausescanbeconcludedinthefollowingthreeaspects:lackofstrongmindandpersonalincompetencetoovercomedifficulty,disadvantageoussurroundings,andbadluck.Onlywhenonepersondoeswellinallthesethreeaspects,canheorsheavoidpersonalcrisis.Butanyway,allisnotlostthatisindanger.Everycloudhasasilverlining.Onewillsurelycomeoutfromthecrisisifhemastersthefightmethods.Atfirst,heshouldenvisagethecrisiswiththerighteye.Andthen,heshouldbestrongly-mindedandbeperseverantallthetime.Thirdly,heshouldtryhisbesttoimproverelationwithhisboss,colleagues,partners,friends,andhisfamilymembersinordertogetabettersurrounding.Atlast,heshouldtrytograspeverychancetomakeprogress.Inthisway,thecrisiscanbetransferredtosuccess.解析：這是一篇限制性提綱作文。由于已經(jīng)給出了寫作主題和段落模式，所以必須緊扣標(biāo)題，嚴(yán)格遵守提綱，達(dá)到規(guī)定字?jǐn)?shù)。構(gòu)思時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)一定要清晰，建議使用四段式，第一段綜述，第二、三段分述，第四段做總結(jié)，二、三段是重點(diǎn)?？蓪⑻峋V中的兩點(diǎn)作為第二段和第三段的主題句，但不要逐字翻譯，然后再找2-3個(gè)與主題相關(guān)的素材展開說(shuō)明。另外還需注意：①寫好第一句話。這樣容易給閱卷者留下一個(gè)好印象，最好能用上一個(gè)漂亮的復(fù)合句，里面再用上2—3個(gè)難的單詞或詞組，但不能出錯(cuò)。②在寫作時(shí)盡量多用長(zhǎng)句，少用短句，適當(dāng)加入幾個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜的句子。可多用連接性的詞組或單詞，如first，second，moreover，foronething．．．foranother,ontheonehand…ontheotherhand等等。可以把它們置于段首或文中比較顯著的位置，這樣會(huì)使文章更具條理性。③注意結(jié)尾的時(shí)候要點(diǎn)題，把自己的觀點(diǎn)明確說(shuō)出來(lái)。文章不要寫得太長(zhǎng)，這樣容易引起閱卷者的反感，達(dá)到字?jǐn)?shù)就可以了。④如有可能，適當(dāng)加上一兩句名言或是諺語(yǔ)，以顯示你的水平。最后要注意沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，并保持卷面干凈整潔。

本文可以這樣寫：首先第一段介紹在生活和工作節(jié)奏不斷加快的今天，人們會(huì)碰到各種各樣的個(gè)人危機(jī)，如：工作事業(yè)上的，婚戀家庭上的，人際關(guān)系上的等等；第二段則按照提綱中的第十點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)分析造成個(gè)人危機(jī)的起因，主要有自身處理事物能力不足，外部環(huán)境較為不利，以及運(yùn)氣不佳等等；第三段則根據(jù)提綱中第二點(diǎn)提出應(yīng)對(duì)個(gè)人危機(jī)的方法，要根據(jù)第二段中的起因來(lái)提應(yīng)對(duì)方法，可以寫需要個(gè)人有堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志毅力和不懈的努力奮斗，積極改善外部環(huán)境，善于抓住機(jī)遇；第四段可以適當(dāng)

發(fā)揮，進(jìn)——步闡明自己的觀點(diǎn)，并提出希望。

當(dāng)然，也可以按照提綱就寫兩段，只要說(shuō)清問(wèn)題即可。

8.THEVALUEOFSCIENCEAtthementionofthevalueofsciencepeoplewillimmediatelyassociateitwithbeneficialresultsofscientificdiscoveries—thejoysandconvenienceswhichsciencehasbroughtintohumanlife.Itistruethatsciencehasrevolutionizedourwayoflifeandtransformedthelivesofbillionsofpeople.Ithasbecomethenew"magic"whichiscapableofdoingeverything.Thelatestdevicesandgadgetsaroundyouforbetterlivinghaveallcomeaboutasaresultoftheapplicationofscientificknowledge.AndpeoplenowcanhardlylivewithouttelephonesTVsetsjetplanesandcomputers.Butthetruevalueofsciencedoesnotmerelylieinthosethings.Itisfullyappreciatedbythewayinwhichsciencecontributestoman'sintellectualgrowthandspiritualwell-being.Itliesratherwithitsprocessthanwithitsresults.Whyarepeoplesoeagertobecomescientists?Whydoscientistsspendtheirwholelifeonobservationexperimentsandresearches?Scientistsarecompelledbycertainbasichumanurges.Oneistheurgetoexplore.ThespiritofColumbusofGalileoandofEinstein—thespiritofconqueringunchartedplacesdiscoveringunknownfactsandclimbinguntroddenmountainpeaks—isaninborngiftweareallendowedwith.Anotheristheurgetocreate.ItisnotonlyembodiedinthecountlessinventionsmadebyEdisontheworldfamousinventorbutalsoexpressedinwhatanordinarycarpenterdoes—hetendstostandasideadmiringatthatexquisitepiecehehasjustfinished.Obviouslysciencedoesmorethanprovidemanwithmaterialthings—ithelpsmantosatisfyhisstrongdesireforexplorationandtofullydevelophisintellectualpotentials.Scienceisman'smostpowerfulweaponwithwhichmanhasfreedhimselffromtheyokeofignoranceandconsequentfear.Scienceisman'streasurehousewhichhasconstantlyprovidedhimwithvitalityhopesambitionsunderstandingandinsights.Scienceisman'sbestfriendwhoisalwaysreadytohelp—helpelevatehimspirituallyandintellectually.Andscienceinitstruesenseisacelebrationofthehumanspirititself.THEVALUEOFSCIENCEAtthementionofthevalueofscience,peoplewillimmediatelyassociateitwithbeneficialresultsofscientificdiscoveries—thejoysandconvenienceswhichsciencehasbroughtintohumanlife.Itistruethatsciencehasrevolutionizedourwayoflifeandtransformedthelivesofbillionsofpeople.Ithasbecomethenew"magic"whichiscapableofdoingeverything.Thelatestdevicesandgadgetsaroundyouforbetterlivinghaveallcomeaboutasaresultoftheapplicationofscientificknowledge.Andpeoplenowcanhardlylivewithouttelephones,TVsets,jetplanesandcomputers.Butthetruevalueofsciencedoesnotmerelylieinthosethings.Itisfullyappreciatedbythewayinwhichsciencecontributestoman'sintellectualgrowthandspiritualwell-being.Itliesratherwithitsprocessthanwithitsresults.Whyarepeoplesoeagertobecomescientists?Whydoscientistsspendtheirwholelifeonobservation,experiments,andresearches?Scientistsarecompelledbycertainbasichumanurges.Oneistheurgetoexplore.ThespiritofColumbus,ofGalileo,andofEinstein—thespiritofconqueringunchartedplaces,discoveringunknownfactsandclimbinguntroddenmountainpeaks—isaninborngiftweareallendowedwith.Anotheristheurgetocreate.ItisnotonlyembodiedinthecountlessinventionsmadebyEdison,theworldfamousinventor,butalsoexpressedinwhatanordinarycarpenterdoes—hetendstostandasideadmiringatthat