2023年考研考博-考博英語-西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)考試歷年高頻考點真題薈萃帶答案篇

長風(fēng)破浪會有時，直掛云帆濟滄海。住在富人區(qū)的她2023年考研考博-考博英語-西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)考試歷年高頻考點真題薈萃帶答案第1卷一.綜合題(共10題)1.單選題Thedestructionofournaturalresourcesandcontaminationofourfoodsupplycontinuetooccur,largelybecauseoftheextremedifficultyinaffixinglegalresponsibilityonthosewhocontinuetotreatourenvironmentwithrecklessabandon.Attemptstopreventpollutionbylegislation,economicincentivesandfriendlypersuasionhavebeenmetbylawsuits,personalandindustrialdenialandlongdelays—notonlyinacceptingresponsibility,butmoreimportantly,indoingsomethingaboutit.Itseemsthatonlywhengovernmentdecidesitcanaffordtaxincentivesorproductionsacrificesisthereanyinitiativeforchange.Whereisindustry'sandourrecognitionthatprotectingmankind'sgreattreasureisthesinglemostimportantresponsibility?Ifevertherewillbetimeforenvironmentalhealthprofessionalstocometothefrontlinesandprovideleadershiptosolveenvironmentalproblems,thattimeisnow.Wearebeingasked,andinfact,thepublicisdemandingthatwetakepositiveaction.Itisourresponsibilityasprofessionalsinenvironmentalhealthtomakethedifference.Yes,theecologists,theenvironmentalactivistsandtheconservationistsservetocommunicate,stimulatethinkingandpromotebehavioralchange.However,itisthoseofuswhoarepaidtomakethedecisionstodevelop,improveandenforceenvironmentalstandards,Isubmit,whomustleadthecharge.Wemustrecognizethatenvironmentalhealthissuesdonotstopatcitylimits,countylines,stateorevenfederalboundaries.Wecannolongeraffordtobetunnel-visionedinourapproach.Wemustvisualizeissuesfromeveryperspectivetomaketheobjectivedecisions.Wemustexpressourviewsclearlytopreventmediadistortionandpublicconfusion.Ibelievewehaveathree-partmissionforthepresent.First,wemustcontinuetopressforimprovementsinthequalityoflifethatpeoplecanmakeforthemselves.Second,wemustinvestigateandunderstandthelinkbetweenenvironmentandhealth.Third,wemustbeabletocommunicatetechnicalinformationinaformthatcitizenscanunderstand.Ifwecanaccomplishthesethreegoalsinthisdecade,maybewecanfinallystopenvironmentaldegradation,andnotmerelyholditback.Wewillthenbeabletospendpollutiondollarstrulyonpreventionratherthanonbandages.1.Wecaninferfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthattheindustrialistsdisregardenvironmentalprotectionchieflybecause（）.2.Themaintasknowfacingecologists,environmentalactivistsandconservationistsis（）.3.Theword"tunnel-visioned"(Line2,Para.4)mostprobablymeans“（）”.4.Whichofthefollowing,accordingtotheauthor,shouldplaytheleadingroleinthesolutionofenvironmentalproblems?5.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothelastparagraph?

問題1選項A.theyareunawareoftheconsequencesofwhattheyaredoingB.theyarereluctanttosacrificetheirowneconomicinterestsC.timehasnotyetcomeforthemtoputdueemphasisonitD.itisdifficultforthemtotakeeffectivemeasures問題2選項A.topreventpollutionbylegislation,economicincentivesandpersuasionB.toarousepublicawarenessoftheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionC.totakeradicalmeasurestocontrolenvironmentalpollutionD.toimprovethequalityoflifebyenforcingenvironmentalstandards問題3選項A.narrow-mindedB.blindtothefactsC.short-sightedD.abletoseeonlyoneaspect問題4選項A.LegislationandgovernmentinterventionB.Theindustry'sunderstandingandsupport.C.TheeffortsofenvironmentalhealthprofessionalsD.Thecooperationofecologists,environmentalactivistsandconservationists問題5選項A.EffortsshouldbeexertedonpollutionpreventioninsteadofonremedialmeasuresB.MoremoneyshouldbespentinordertostoppollutionC.OrdinarycitizenshavenoaccesstotechnicalinformationonpollutionD.Environmentaldegradationwillbestoppedbytheendofthisdecade2.填空題Englishasanofficiallanguagehasgainedmomentumasproponentskeepgoingtotheballotboxwithmeasuresthatdiscouragebilingualballots,noticesanddocuments.Thirtystalesnowhave（1）specifyingthatofficialgovernmentcommunicationsbeinEnglish,saysU.S.English,agroup（2）promotesthelaws.Thisyearsuchbillsareunder（3）in19legislatures."It'smultiplyingtremendously,"saysMauroMujica,aChileanimmigrantandchairmanandCEOofU.S.English."We'vemade（4）progress."Criticsdonotseeprogress.Somesaytheincreaseinthemeasuresnationwidesendsahostile（5）tonewcomers."Itjustpoisonstheatmosphereinlocalcommunities,"saysJohnTrasvina,（6）andgeneralcounseloftheMexicanAmericanLegalDefenseandEducationalFund.Typicallytheproposedlaws（7）thatdocuments,ballotsandothercommunicationsbepublishedinEnglish.Exemptionsarecommunicationstoprotect（8）healthandsafetyoreffortstopromotetourism.AdvocatessaytheyarenotsuggestingthatEnglishbetheonlylanguage（9）butthatitbetheonlylanguageusedindealingwithgovernment.Mujica,whospeaksSpanishinhishome,saysrequiringEnglishforofficialbusinessencourages,（10）tolearnEnglish.Thatwillhelpthemtoassimilate（11）U.S.societyandprosperinitseconomy,hesays."We'remakingittooeasyforpeopletofunctioninotherlanguages,"hecomplains.Buttheeffectivenessofthemovementisinquestionsincefederalsometimestrumpsastate'sofficialEnglishlaw.For（12）,theVotingRightsActrequirescertainlocalitiestopublishbilingualballots.“They'veraisedthelevelofanger（13）languagesotherthanEnglish,(but)haven'treallychangedthegovernment'sorbusinesses'wayofdoing（14），”Trasvinasaid.RobToonkel,spokesmanforU.S.English,saysthatisnottrue.Hesaysthelawsdonotcovereverything（15）ensurethatthingslikedriver'slicenses,zoningformsandtheday-to-dayactivitiesareoverwhelminglyinEnglish.3.單選題Researchersaretryingtotellparentssomethingaboutwhatkindsofvideogameschildrenshouldbeplayingandhowmuchtimetheyshouldspenddoingit.Anewstudyconcludeswhatyou'vealreadysuspected:Youngboyswhoplayvideogamesdoworseonteststhanchildrenwhodon’t.Researcherswhofollowed64boysfromtheagesof6to9forfourmonthsdiscoveredthatthosewhoreceivedanewPlayStationIIgamingsystemearnedlowerreadingandwritingtestscoresthanchildrenwhodidnotgetthevideogameplayer.Thiscomesontheheelsofanotherrecentlyreportedstudyaboutvideogames,whichconcludedthatkidswhoplayviolentvideogamesbecomemoreaggressiveandlesscaring―regardlessofage,sexorculture―thanyoungpeoplewhodon'tplaythesegames.ThestudyontheeffectsofvideogamesonschoolworkwasconductedbyDenisonUniversityassociateprofessorsRebertWeisandBrittanyCerankosky,whograduatedfromDenisonin2008.Itiscalled"EffectsofVideo-GameOwnershiponYoungBoys'AcademicandBehavioralFunctioning",andwillbepublishedinPsychologicalScience.Boyswhoreceivedthesystemalsoshowedgreaterteacher-reportedacademicproblemsatfollow-upthanchildreninthecomparisongroup.Theresearchersfollowed64youngboysoverfourmonths.Parentsofthe64werepromisedaPlayStationIIgamingsysteminexchangefortheirparticipation,plusthreeEratedgames.Buthalfthefamiliesweregiventhevideogamingsystemimmediatelyandhalfwerepromiseditafterfourmonths.Thechildrenunderwentabatteryoftestsbeforeandafterthefourmonthsandparentsandteachersansweredquestionsabouthowtheboysbehavedinschoolandathome.Theconclusionsshowthat,boyswhowerethefirsttogetthePlayStationsspentmoretimeplayingvideogamesthantheboyswhodidn'tgetitimmediately—39.3minutesversus9.3minutes.(Theboyswhodidn'tgetthegamingsystemrightawayplayedatafriend'shouse).BoyswhoweregiventhePlayStationsrightawayspent18.2minutesadayinafter-schoolacademicactivitiesversus31.6minutesforthekidswhoweren't.Theboyswhohadthevideogamesimmediatelyachievedlowerreadingandwritingtestscoresthanthosewhodidn't.ButthePlayStationsseemedtohavenoeffectontheboys'mathandproblemsolvingskills.CerankoskysaidinastatementontheDenisonUniversityWebsitethatthereisn’t"necessarilysomethinginherentinvideogamesthatnegativelyaffectkids.""It'sanactivitythatdetractsfromtimethatcouldbespentonschoolwork,”shesaid.Ifyouarewonderingwhyweneededastudytotellusthat,theresearcherssaythatconventionalwisdomisnotalwaysaccurate,anditisimportanttoprovesuchbeliefsthroughexperimentation.1.ThefirstparagraphimpliesthatEvaluationisneededbeforebuyingchildrenvideogames.T/F2.Accordingtoresearchers,anewPlayStationIIgamingsystemhelpedstudentsimprovetheirreadingandwritingtestscores.T/F3.Theeffectonyounggirlswhoplayviolentvideogamesprovestobelessseriousthanthatonyoungboyswhoplaythesameviolentvideogames.T/F4.ThetworesearchersontheeffectsofvideogamesonschoolworkareDenisonUniversitygraduates.T/F5.Parentsofthe64boyswhowerechosenforthestudywereimmediatelygivenaPlayStationIIgamingsysteminexchangefortheirparticipation.T/F6.The64boyschosenweregivenaseriesoftestsbeforeandafterthefour-monthsresearch.T/F7.Theboyswhodidn'tgetthegamingsystemrightawayplayedatafriend'shouse,buttheyplayeditforamuchshortertime.T/F8.Theboyswhohadthevideogamesimmediatelyachievedmuchlowertestscoresonmaththanthosewhodidn't.T/F9.Thestudyshowsifkidsspentthetimeonschoolworkthattheywastedongames,theycoulddobetteronreadingandwriting.T/F10.Theresearcherssaythatconventionalwisdomisnotalwayscorrect.T/F問題1選項A.TB.F問題2選項A.TB.F問題3選項A.TB.F問題4選項A.TB.F問題5選項A.TB.F問題6選項A.TB.F問題7選項A.TB.F問題8選項A.TB.F問題9選項A.TB.F問題10選項A.TB.F4.填空題Actingissuchanovercrowdedprofessionthattheonlyadvicethatshouldbegiventoayoungpersonthinkingofgoingonthestageis"Don't!"Butitisuselesstotrytodiscouragesomeone（1）feelsthathemustact,althoughthechancesofhisbecomingfamousare（2）.Thenormalwaytobeginistogotoadramaschool.Usuallyonlystudentswhoshowpromiseand（3）areaccepted,andthecourselaststwoyears.Thentheyoung（4）oractresstakesupworkwithaplaycompany,usuallyasassistantstagemanager.Thismeans（5）everythingthatthereistodointhetheatre:paintingscenery,lookingafterthefurniture,takingcareoftheclothes,andevenactinginverysmallparts.Itisvery（6）workindeed,thehoursarelongandthesalaryistiny.Butyoungactorswiththestageintheirbloodare（7）,waitingforthechanceofworkingwithabettercompany,orperhapsinfilmsortelevision.Ofcourse,somepeoplehaveunusualchances,whichleadto（8）andsuccess（9）thislonganddulltraining.ConniePratt,forexample,wasjustanordinarygirlworkinginabicyclefactory.Afilmproducerhappenedto（10）sightofheronemorningwaitingatabusstop,ashe（11）pastinhisbigcar.Hetoldthebusdrivertostop,andhegotouttospeaktothegirl.Heaskedher（12）shewouldliketogotothefilmcompanytodoatest,andatfirstshethoughthewasjoking.Thenshegotangryandsaidshewouldcallthepolice.Ittooktheproducer（13）minutestotellConniethathewasserious.Thenanappointmentwasmadeforhertogotothecompanythenextday.Thetestwassuccessful.Theygavehersomenecessarylessonsandwithinafewweeksshewasplayingtheleading（14）inafilm,whichmadeherwell-knownovernight（15）thecountry.Ofcourse,shewasgivenadramaticname,whichisnowworldfamous.Butchanceslikethishappenonceinabluemoon!5.寫作題Supposeyouwilltakepartinaclassdebatenextweek,andyouaregiventhedebatequestion"Whatshouldbeinpeople'sdiet,tohavewhatonejustwantsortojusteathealthyfood?"Writeaspeechforthedebateandclarifyyourownviewpointtowardswhateveryourpositionwillbe(justoneposition).Butbesurethatyourargumentwillbesupportedwithampleexamplesorevidence.Doremembertoprovideatitleforyourspeech.Thelengthofyourspeechisexpectedtobebetween250and300words.WriteyourspeechontheANSWERSHEET.

6.單選題Iamafraidtosleep.Ihavebeenafraidtosleepforthelastfewweeks.Iamsotiredthat,finally,Idosleep,butonlyforafewminutes.Itisnotabaddreamthatwakesme;itistherealityItookwithmeintosleep.Itrytothinkofsomethingelse.Immediatelythewomaninthemarketplacecomesintomymind.IwasonmywaytodinnerlastnightwhenIsawher.Shewassellingskirts.ShemovedwiththesameeaseandlovelinessIoftensawinthewomenofLaos.Herlongblackhairwasasshinyastheblacksilkoftheskirtsshewasselling.Inherhair,sheworethreesilkribbons,blue,green,andwhite.TheyremindedmeofmychildhoodandhowmygirlfriendsandIusedtospendhoursbraidingribbonsintoourhair.Idon’tknowthewordfor“ribbons”,soIputmyhandtomyownhairand,withthreefingersagainstmyhead,Ilookedatherribbonsandsaid“beautiful”.Sheloweredhereyesandsaidnothing.Iwasn’tsureifsheunderstoodme(Idon’tspeakLaotianverywell).Ilookedbackdownattheskirts.Theyhaddesignsinthem:squaresandtrianglesandcirclesofpinkandgreensilk.Theywereverypretty.Idecidedtobuyoneofthoseskirts,andIbegantobargainwithherovertheprice.ItisthecustomtobargaininAsia.InLaosbargainingisdoneinsoftvoicesandeasymoveswiththesortofquietpeacefulness.Shesmiled,morewithhereyesthanwithherlips.ShewaspleasedbythefewwordsIwasabletosayinherlanguage,althoughtheyweremostlynumbers,andshesawthatIunderstoodsomethingaboutthesoftplayfulnessofbargaining.Weshookourheadsindisagreementovertheprice;then,immediately,wemadeanotherofferandthenanothershakeofthehead.Shewassopleasedthatunexpectedly,sheacceptedthelastotterImade.Butitwastoosoon.Thepricewastoolow.Shewasbeingtoogenerousandwouldn’tmakeenoughmoney.Imovedquicklyandpickeduptwomoreskirtsandpaidforallthreetimesasmuchbeforeshehadachancetolowerthepriceforthelargerpurchase.Shesmiledopenlythen,and,forthefirsttimeinmonths,myspiritlifted.Ialmostfelthappy.Thefeelingstayedwithmewhileshewrappedtheskirtsinanewspaperandhandedthemtome.WhenIleft,though,thefeelingleft,too.Itwasasthoughtitstayedbehindinmarketplace.Ilefttearsinmythroat,Iwantedtocry.Ididn't,ofcourse.Ihavelearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatishard;withoutknowingit,Ihavealsolearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatissoftandwhatshouldbeeasy.Igetup,lightacandleandwanttolookattheskirts.Theyarestillinthenewspaperthatthewomanwrappedthemin.IremovethepaperandraisetheskirtsuptolookatthemagainbeforeIpackthem.Somethingfallstofloor.Ireachdownandfeelsomethingcoolinmyhand.ImoveclosetothecradlelighttoseewhatIhave.Therearefivelongsilkribbonsinmyhand,alldifferentcolors.Thewomaninthemarketplace!Shehasgiventheseribbonstome!Thereisnodefenseagainstagenerousspirit,andthistimeIcry,andveryhard,asifIcouldmakeupforallthemonthsthatIdidn’tcry.1.Theauthorofthestoryhasbeeninsleepforthelastfewweeks.2.Awomaninthemarketplacecomesintomymindbecausesheremindedmeofmychildhood.3.Thewomanwassellingskirtswithdesignsofsquaresandtrianglesandcirclesofpinkandgreensilk.4.TheauthorcouldspeaksomeLaotianthoughshedidnotspeakitwell.5.BargainingisacustominAsiaandtheauthordidnotknowhowtodoit.6.Theauthorhadwantedtobuyoneskirt,butsheendedupwiththreebecausetheskirtsweresocheapandpretty.7.Theauthorfelthappyafterthepurchasebecauseshehadpaidfortheskirtsatthepricesetsothatthewomancouldmakesomemoneythroughthislargepurchase.8.TheauthorsurelycomesfromanotherpartofAsiabecausesheknowshowtobehavewellinlocalculture.9.Thewomaninthemarketactuallyunderstoodtheauthorperfectlyandknewverywellthatshelikedthoseribbons.10.Theauthorcriedeventuallywhenshelookedattheskirtsbecauseshewasdeeplymovedbythewoman'sgenerousspirit.問題1選項A.TB.F問題2選項A.TB.F問題3選項A.TB.F問題4選項A.TB.F問題5選項A.TB.F問題6選項A.TB.F問題7選項A.TB.F問題8選項A.TB.F問題9選項A.TB.F問題10選項A.TB.F7.填空題"Opinion"isawordthatisusedcarelesslytoday.Itisusedtorefertomattersoftaste（1）,andjudgment.Thiscasualusewouldprobablycauselittleconfusionifpeopledidn't（2）toomuchimportancetoopinion.Unfortunately,mostdoattachgreatimportance（3）it."Ihaveasmuchrighttomyopinionasyoutoyours,"and"Everyone'sentitledtohisopinion,"are（4）expressions.Infact,anyonewhowouldchallengeanother'sopinionislikelytobebrandedintolerant.Isthatlabelaccurate?Isitintoleranttochallengeanother’sopinion?It（5）onwhatdefinitionofopinionyouhaveinmind.Forexample,youmayaska（6）"WhatdoyouthinkofthenewFordcars?"Andhemayreply,"Inmy（7）,they'reugly."Inthiscase,itwouldnotonlybe（8）tochallengehisstatement,butfoolish.Forit'sobviousthatbyopinionliemeanshispersonal（9）,amatteroftaste.Andastheoldsayinggoes,'It'spointlesstoargueaboutmattersoftaste."Butconsiderthisverydifferentuseoftheterm,anewspaper（10）thattheSupremeCourthasdelivereditsopinioninacontroversialcase.Obviouslythejusticesdidnotsharetheirpersonalpreferences,theirmere（11）anddislikes,theystatedtheirconsideredjudgment,painstakinglyarrivedatafterthoroughinquiryanddeliberation.Mostofwhatisreferredtoasopinionfallssomewhere（12）thesetwoextremes.Itisnotanexpressionoftaste.Norisitcarefuljudgment.Yetitmay（13）elementsofboth.Itisavieworbeliefmoreorlesscasuallyarrivedat,withorwithout（14）theevidence.Iseveryoneentitledtohisopinion?Ofcourse,thisisnotonly（15）,butguaranteed.Wearefreetoactonouropinionsonlysolongas,indoingso,wedonotharmothers.8.單選題The"standardofliving"ofanycountrymeanstheaverageperson'sshareofthegoodsandserviceswhichthecountryproduces.（1）,"Wealth"inthissenseisnotmoney,forwedonotliveonmoneybutonthingsthatmoneycanbuy:"goods"suchasfoodandclothing,and"services"suchastransportandentertainment.Acountry'scapacitytoproducewealthdependsuponmanyfactors,mostofwhichhaveaneffectononeanother.（2）.Someregionsoftheworldarewellsuppliedwithcoalandminerals,andhaveafertilesoilandafavorableclimate;otherregionspossessnoneofthem.（3）Somecountriesareperhapswelloffinnaturalresources,butsufferedformanyyearsfromcivilandexternalwars,andforthisandotherreasonshavebeenunabletodeveloptheirresources.Soundandstablepoliticalconditions,andfreedomfromforeigninvasion,enableacountrytodevelopitsnaturalresourcespeacefullyandsteadily,andtoproducemorewealththananothercountryequallywellservedbynaturebutlesswellordered.Anotherimportantfactoristhetechnicalefficiencyofacountry’speople.（4）.Acountry'sstandardoflivingdoesnotonlydependuponthewealththatisproducedandconsumedwithinitsownborders,butalsouponwhatisindirectlyproducedthroughinternationaltrade.（5）.Trademakesitpossibleforhersurplusmanufacturedgoodstobetradedabroadfortheagriculturalproductsthatwouldotherwisebelacking.Acountry’swealthis,therefore,muchinfluencedbyitsmanufacturingcapacity,providedthatothercountriescanbefoundreadytoacceptitsmanufactures.問題1選項A.industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilledB.nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouseC.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealthD.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome.E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountriesF.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon.問題2選項A.industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilledB.nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouseC.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealthD.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome.E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountriesF.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon.問題3選項A.industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilledB.nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouseC.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealthD.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome.E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountriesF.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon.問題4選項A.industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilledB.nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouseC.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealthD.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome.E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountriesF.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon.問題5選項A.industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilledB.nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouseC.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealthD.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifithadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome.E.Wealthshouldbeproperlyusedonlytoenhancethe"standardofliving"ofpeopleinallcountriesF.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry’snaturalresources,suchascoal,gold,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon.9.單選題Whilethemissionofpublicschoolshasexpandedbeyondeducationtoincludesocialsupportandextra-curricularactivities,theacademicschedulehaschangedlittleinmorethanacentury.Reclaimingtheschooldayforacademicinstructionandescapingthetime-boundtraditionsofeducationarevitalstepsintheschool-reformprocess,saysareportreleasedtodaybytheNationalEducationCommissiononTimeandLearning.Thecommission'sreport,titled"PrisonersofTime,"callsthefixedclockandcalendarinAmericaneducationa"fundamentaldesignflaw”indesperateneedofchange."Timeshouldservechildreninsteadofchildrenservingtime,"thereportsays.Thetwo-yearcommissionfoundthatholdingAmericanstudentsto"world-classstandards"willrequiremoretimeforclassroominstruction."Wehavebeenaskingtheimpassibleofourstudents---thattheylearnasmuchastheirforeignpeerswhilespendinghalfasmuchasincoreacademicsubjects,"itstates.TheCommissioncomparedtherelationshipsbetweentimeandlearninginJapan,Germany,andtheUnitedStatesandfoundthatAmericanstudentsreceivelessthanhalfthebasicacademicinstructionthatJapaneseandGermanstudentsareprovided.Onaverage,Americanstudentscanearnahighschooldiplomaiftheyspendonly41percentoftheirschooltimeonacademics,saysthereport.Americanstudentsspendanaverageofthreehoursadayon“core”academicssuchasEnglish,math,science,andhistory,thecommissionfound.Theirreportrecommendsofferingaminimumof5.5hoursofacademicseveryschoolday.Thenine-membercommissionalsorecommendslengtheningtheschooldaybeyondthetraditionalsixhours."Ifschoolswanttocontinueofferingimportantactivitiesoutsidetheacademiccore,aswellasservingasahubforfamilyandcommunityservices,theyshouldkeepschooldoorsopenlongereachdayandeachyear,"saysJohnHodgeJones,superintendentofschoolsinMurfreesboro,Tenn.,andchairmanofthecommission.ThetypicalschoolyearinAmericanpublicschoolsis180days.Elevenstatesallowschoolyearsof175daysorless,andonlyonestaterequiresmorethan180days."Foroveradecade,educationreformadvocateshavebeenworkingfeverishlytoimproveourschools,"saysMiltonGoldberg,executivedirectorofthecommission.“But…ifreformistotrulytakehold,thesix-hour,180-dayschoolyearshouldberelegatedtomuseums—anexhibitfromoureducationpast"1.Comparedwiththeacademiccoursesmorethanahundredyearsago,theacademiccoursesnow（）.2.Theresearchesbythecommissionmentionedinthepassagearemostconcernedabout（）.3.Asismentionedinthepassage,schoolsintheUnitedStatesdothefollowingEXCEPT（）.4.AmericanstudentsdifferfromthoseinJapan,Germanyinthat（）.5.ExecutivedirectorofthecommissionMiltonGoldbergwouldmostprobablyagreethat（）.問題1選項A.includesomeextra-curricularactivitiesB.focusmoreoneducationofsocialsupportC.demandstudents'morecontributionoftimeD.remainmo