中考英語定語從句講解

中考英語定語從句講解ThedocumentwaspreparedonJanuary2,2021定語從句請看下面的句子：IwanttoknowtheboyWhOisthetallest.句子做定語修飾boy（一）概念：定語從句：在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子，叫定語從句。先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。關系詞：引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞。（二）定語從句的分類I、限定性定語從句：從句不可少，沒有它，先行詞的意思不明確，主句也不完整。與先行詞之間不用逗號。:Thisisthebookthat/WhichIwant.II、非限定性定語從句：是對先行詞的補充說明，沒有它不會影響先行詞或主句意思的完整性。從句一般用逗號同主句分開。:Mr.Green,whoiswatchingTV,ismyuncle.（三）（限定性）定語從句的結構Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.先行詞關系詞定語從句關系代詞 關系副詞which,who,whom,whose,that where,when,why（四）定語從句的實質：二句合一（合并條件：人物先行在句一，又占句二一席地）Maryisagirl.合并為一個句子Shehaslonghair.思路：留（保留先行詞）——舍（舍去與先行詞互指的詞）----替（用關系詞代替舍去部分）Maryisagirlwho/thathaslonghair.請把下列句子二句合一LIsawtheman.Heclosedthedoorgirlishappy.Shewontheracemancalledthepolice.Hiswalletwasstolen（五）定語從句關系詞的確定:a.先行詞的分類b.先行詞在從句中充當?shù)某煞?先行詞做主語.先行詞做賓語.先行詞做定語人：who/that物：which/that人：who/whom/that物：which/that人：whose物：whose/ofwhich4.先行詞做狀語：when,where,whywho,whom,whose,that用法區(qū)另∣J.who/that作定語從句的主語或賓語.Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.做題思路：先分解一一分析一一再合并分解 Themanisaworker.^he'`man,iThemanisspeakingatthemeeting.一作主語Whom/that作定語從句的賓語Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.分解 Thewomanisateacher.'?`--^^ Theywantedtovisitthewoman.?--^ I作賓語注意：關系代詞作動詞賓語時可省略.whose作定語從句的定語.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解 Iknowthegirl.∣*'∣"∣∣∣∣ Thegirl'smotherisateacher.^^^'''∣^f 作作定語小結：關系詞判斷步驟首先，要辨別出先行詞。如果先行詞是指人,關系詞可能就用who,thatwhom,whose。如果先行詞指物,關系詞可能用which或that然后，要確定關系詞在從句中的成分。請看下表先行詞主語賓語 定語 人 一who,thatwho(m),thatwhose物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,ofwhich鞏固練習：用適當代關系詞填空1.Ihaveafriendlikeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdressIgaveher.3.Themanlegbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.(六)只能用that,不能用WhiCh的情況：(1)先行詞為all,everything,anything,nothing,something,nothing,few,little,much,theone等不定代詞時；(2)先行詞被形容詞最高級所修飾或被theonly,thevery,thelast,any,few,little,no,all,oneof等修飾時：(3)先行詞為數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞(含last)修飾時。(4)先行詞是并列詞組既有人又有物時。(5)在以who,WhiCh開頭的句子中為了避免重復?？谠E：不定代詞這一伙，全用that準沒錯先行詞前有修飾，千萬不能用which.請在以下例句中體會以上規(guī)則：LHereissomethingthatIwilltellyou.haven'tgotmuchthatwecanofferyou.3.IsittheonethatyouwantisthemostinterestingstorythatIhaveeverheard.IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsee.isthebikethatyoulostisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting（七）只能使用WhiCh的情況.關系代詞前有介詞時；.先行詞本身是that時；.非限定定語從句口訣:要有which別著急，介詞提前逗隔離。:istheclassroominwhichwestudiedfortwoyear,hastwodolls,whicharefromherparents單項選擇：Thisisthebagmymotherboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.thisThegirlyousawinthestreetisMary.A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.asIsthisthefactoryalotofstudentsvisitedyesterdayA.theoneB.whichC.whoD.whomthisfactoryalotofstudentsvisitedA.theoneB.whichC.whoD.whoTheonlylanguageiseasytolearnisthemothertongue.A.whichB.thatC./D.itThegirlhandedeverythingshehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.all※7.cleanstheblackboardshouldbepraised.A.ThatB.WhoC.TheonewhoD.Thestudentswho汪思：①當關系詞作定語從句的主語時，從句謂語動詞的形式應與先行詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。②若句中無先行詞，先補出先行詞再判斷用法。（4,7題）完成下列句子：.這就是救了那個孩子命的醫(yī)生. whosavedtheboy,SlifeThisisthedoctor.正在跑步的那個人是我的叔叔. whoisrunningThemanismyuncle..我看見一位錢包丟失了的婦女。Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen/whosebagwaslost..住在隔壁的那個小伙的是教師.Theyoungmanisateacher. wholivesnextdoor注意：定語從句的時態(tài)不受主句影響?！径ㄕZ從句中考真題演練】1、Therearelotsofthings Ineedtopreparebeforethetrip.（河北省卷）A.who B.that C.whom D.whose2、Jimdislikespeople talkmuchbutneverdoanything.（吉林省通化市）3、—IhearSamhasgonetoQiandiaoforhisholiday.（江蘇省南京市）--Oh,hownice!Doyouknowwhenhe leaving left left4、Wearetryingtohelpthosechildren losttheirparentsinYushu,QinghaiProvince.（浙江省衢州市）A.which B.when C.whoD.whose5、Doyouknowthegirl issingingintheclassroom（湖南長沙）6、—ThevolunteersaredoingagreatjobinYushu.（江蘇省揚州市）arehelpingthepeople aresufferingfromtheearthquake.C./7、Haveyoufoundtheanswertothequestion Iaskedyouthismorning（四川省成都市）8、Friendsarethose makeyousmile，alwaysopentheirheartstoyouandencourageyoutosucceed.（河南?。〢which Bwhat Cwhom Dwho9、IbegantoworkinShanghaiintheyear HongKongwasreturnedtoChina.（湖北省十堰市）10、Thisistheschool Istudiedthreeyearsago.（山東省菏澤市）A.whereB.when C.that D.which11、—Whatdoyouusuallydoinyourleisuretime（黑龍江省哈爾濱市）—Ienjoyreadinginthelibrary Ilosemyselfinaworldofgoodbooks.A.which B.that C.where12、—Thevillage Ivisitedlastyearhaschangedalot.（福建省福州市）--ReallyIhopetogothereonday.13、Thisismybeautifulschoo