【課件】Unit+4Review+of+phrases語(yǔ)法課件人教版高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

Unit4

Grammar—ReviewofphrasesLearningobjectivesReviewhowtousephrasesLearntodistinguishphrasesandusethemflexiblyLearntousephrasescorrectlyindailylivesLook

at

the

following

phrases

and

recognize

their

types.Nounphrase(NP)名詞短語(yǔ)Verbphrase(VP)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)Adverbialphrase(AdvP)副詞短語(yǔ)Adjectivephrase(AdjP)

形容詞短語(yǔ)Prepositionalphrase(PreP)介詞短語(yǔ)①clothesshop②developedcountries③thefirststudentstogettoschool④themore,thebetter⑤frombehind⑥infavorof⑦giveup⑧findaseattositonNPNPNPAdjPPrePPrePVPVPI.Completethesentences. TextbookP411.我一直非常渴望吃一些我最喜歡的糖果，而且收到郵包總是令人開(kāi)心。

I’vebeendyingtohavesomeofmyfavouritesweets,andit’salwaysnicetogetmail!2.混合物冒著泡從試管中涌出，灑得到處都是。

Themixturewasbubblingoutofthetesttubespillingeverywhere.3.湯貝的父親穆卡普，一位下巴結(jié)實(shí)、額頭滿(mǎn)是皺紋的男人，把我們帶到他的房子前。Tombe’sfather,Mukap,amanwithastrongjawandawrinkledforehead,ledustohishouse.NP賓語(yǔ)NP主語(yǔ)NP主語(yǔ)NP同位語(yǔ)VP謂語(yǔ)VP真賓VP謂語(yǔ)VP謂語(yǔ)AdjP表語(yǔ)NP賓語(yǔ)AdvP狀語(yǔ)PreP定語(yǔ)PreP狀語(yǔ)4.接著他把熱石頭放入一個(gè)空油桶，里面有栲栲（甘薯）、熟玉米和青菜。Hethenplacedthehotstonesinanemptyoildrumwithkaukau,ripecorn,andgreens.5.后來(lái)，我注意到有一個(gè)罐子倒立在火爐上面的烤架上。Later,Inoticedacanstandingupsidedownonthegrilloverthefire.6.當(dāng)我們拖著沉重的步伐下山回家時(shí)，我渾身雞肉酸痛，雙膝顫抖。MymuscleswereachingandmykneesshakingaswedraggedourselvesdowntheMountaintowardshome.AdvP狀語(yǔ)NP賓語(yǔ)NP賓語(yǔ)NP主語(yǔ)NP主語(yǔ)VP謂語(yǔ)VP謂語(yǔ)PreP狀語(yǔ)PreP狀語(yǔ)PreP狀語(yǔ)PreP狀語(yǔ)PreP狀語(yǔ)PreP狀語(yǔ)一、名詞短語(yǔ)(nounphrase,簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)NP)(1)名詞短語(yǔ)的定義:名詞短語(yǔ)至少是兩個(gè)詞,名詞與它的修飾語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成名詞短語(yǔ)。(2)名詞短語(yǔ)中的修飾語(yǔ):一般來(lái)說(shuō),名詞前面有兩種修飾語(yǔ)。其一是限定詞,用來(lái)限定名詞所指的范圍,對(duì)名詞起泛指或特指、定量或不定量等的限定修飾作用。其二是形容詞,用來(lái)表示名詞的性質(zhì)和特征。比如yellow、big等。

(3)名詞短語(yǔ)的功能用法:名詞短語(yǔ)可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。

名詞短語(yǔ)中的限定詞在名詞短語(yǔ)的“構(gòu)成”中,限定詞包括冠詞(a/an/the)、指示代詞(this、that、these、those等)、物主代詞(my、your、his、her、our、their等)和不定代詞(some、no、neither、both等)。

形容詞作定語(yǔ)ausefulbookashoestore前置定語(yǔ)名詞作定語(yǔ)V-ing和V-ed作定語(yǔ)boilingwaterboiledwater

介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)thepicturesonthewalltheboywalkingoverthere后置定語(yǔ)分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句作定語(yǔ)thelessonsgivenbyMs.LiasighttobeholdthefactorywevisitedUnderlinethenounphraseinthefollowingsentence,thenmarktheirfunctions.①Theseredrosesareforyou.(

)②Ihavethreeclosefriends.(

)③Heismybestfriend.(

)④Therearesomeredrosesonthatsmalltable.(

)SOPP/O二、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)(verbphrases,簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)VP)①在英語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)按其在句子中的功能可分為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。

②謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是由時(shí)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)和數(shù)來(lái)決定動(dòng)詞形式,是表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的,它又可分為:實(shí)義動(dòng)詞、連系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞四種。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就是不能作句子謂語(yǔ)而具有其他語(yǔ)法功能的動(dòng)詞。

①

putback放回去

②

callback回電話③

breakdown出故障④

turndown調(diào)?、?/p>

comeup上升

1、動(dòng)詞＋副詞⑥

blowup爆炸⑦showoff炫耀⑧

giveoff散發(fā)⑨breakout突然發(fā)生⑩

runout用完動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成①

bringabout引起

②

contributeto導(dǎo)致③

fallinto陷入 ④

seekfor尋找⑤

burstinto闖入

2、動(dòng)詞＋介詞⑥

lookinto

調(diào)查⑦

seeto

處理；負(fù)責(zé)

⑧

devoteto

貢獻(xiàn)給⑨

dealwith

處理⑩

believein

信任①addupto總計(jì)

②keepawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離③lookdownon輕視 ④keepupwith趕上⑤makeupfor彌補(bǔ)

3、動(dòng)詞＋副詞＋介詞⑥getonwith相處

⑦getacrossto使明白⑧getoutof逃避,避免⑨putupwith忍受⑩catchupwith趕上①catchsightof看見(jiàn),瞥見(jiàn)

②makeuseof利用③payattentionto注意 ④makesenseof理解⑤takenoticeof注意到

⑥takecareof照看4、動(dòng)詞＋名詞＋介詞⑦takepartin參加⑧takeadvantageof利用⑨t(yī)akepridein

為…感到自豪⑩makeroomfor

為…騰出空間1．AtfirstRobertwouldn'tlethisdaughtergodiving,buteventuallyhegave______asshewassoconfidentaboutherskills.2．DevelopingtheYangtzeRiverEconomicBeltisasystematicprojectwhichcalls______aclearroadmapandtimetable.3．Mr.andMrs.Brownwouldliketoseetheirdaughtersettle________,getmarried,andhavekids.4．WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahasbrought_______thebestinherasadoctor.5．Whentheirchildrenlivedfarawayfromthem,theseoldpeoplefeltcut______fromtheworld.infordownoutoff6.

Ihateitwhenshecallsmeatwork—I'malwaystoobusytocarry______aconversationwithher.7.

I'mgoingtotakeadvantage______thistourtoexplorethehistoryofthecastle.8.

Manybusinessesstartedupbycollegestudentshavetaken______thankstothecomfortableclimateforbusinesscreation.9.

TraditionalChinesepaintingsappealverymuch_______me.10．Bodylanguagecangive________alotaboutyourmood，sostandingwithyourarmsfoldedcansendoutasignalthatyouarebeingdefensive.inofofftoaway三、形容詞短語(yǔ)(adjectivephrases,簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)AdjP)定義:形容詞短語(yǔ)是指由幾個(gè)形容詞或形容詞與其修飾語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)。Yourroomislargeandbeautiful.兩個(gè)或多個(gè)形容詞可以由

、

等并列連詞連接,構(gòu)成形容詞短語(yǔ)。

andbutHeiscutebutalittlesilly.可以由

、

等程度副詞作修飾語(yǔ),與形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞短語(yǔ)。

Whathesaidisreallyconfusing.reallyveryHeisgoodatcooking.形容詞短語(yǔ)也可以由“形容詞+

短語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成。介詞指出下列畫(huà)線形容詞短語(yǔ)所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?。①Anxiousforaquickdecision,ourleadercalledforavote.(

)

②Shelooksbeautifulandsmart.(

)

③Youhaveasmallbutbeautifulroom.(

)

④Wemustmakeourcountrystrongenough.（）AdPAttr形容詞短語(yǔ)常作三種成分,即

、

、

,有時(shí)也作

。OC狀語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)四、副詞短語(yǔ)(adverbialphrases,簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)AdvP)定義:副詞短語(yǔ)是指由幾個(gè)副詞或副詞與其修飾語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)。①兩個(gè)或多個(gè)副詞可以由

、

等并列連詞連接,構(gòu)成副詞短語(yǔ)。

②

等程度副詞作修飾語(yǔ),可與其他副詞構(gòu)成副詞短語(yǔ)。

③副詞短語(yǔ)在句中當(dāng)作副詞用,可以修飾

、

或

。andbutvery/extremely動(dòng)詞形容詞副詞【提醒】副詞enough在修飾形容詞或者副詞構(gòu)成形容詞短語(yǔ)或者副詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般放在所修飾的形容詞或者副詞后面。四、副詞短語(yǔ)(adverbialphrases,簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)AdvP)①I(mǎi)wasso

movedbyhisdeedsthatIcouldn’tfallasleep

intothenight(deep).

②—Whatdoyouthinksheisdoingrightnow?—Sheis

(probable)doingnothinggood.

—Youexpressedmythoughts

(exact).

③Equally

(important),weshoulddevelopagoodhabitofliving.deeplyexactlyprobablydeepimportantly

指出下列句子中畫(huà)線副詞短語(yǔ)所作的句子成分，并注意其組成。1.

Heran

veryquickly

yesterday.修飾_______作_______2.Iammuchtoopleasedtoseeyou.

修飾_______作_______3.Sheplayswellenoughasabeginner.修飾_______作_______4.Heworkedmuchmorecarefullyonthenewdesign. 修飾_______作_______動(dòng)詞狀語(yǔ)形容詞

狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞狀語(yǔ)副詞狀語(yǔ)五、介詞短語(yǔ)(prepositionalphrases,簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)PreP)定義:介詞不能單獨(dú)作成分,它必須和其后的賓語(yǔ)即名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞-ing形式、從句等一起構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ),才能作相關(guān)的句子成分。eg:ThemanintheroomisLiMing’suncle.Hisfacewaswithoutexpression.Hedidn’tfeelatease. IsawGeorgeatwork.介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)最多,它在句可以中作

、

和

。定語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)AttrPPOC

指出下列句子中畫(huà)線副詞短語(yǔ)所作的句子成分，并注意其組成。1、Hewashuntingintheforest

whenhesawtheterriblebear.

作_______2、Ithinkthatyoursonmustbeontheplaygroundnow. 作_______3、Theappleonthetableisreservedformylittledaughter. 作_______4、Itwassotinythatwehadtoleaveoursuitcasesinthehallway. 作_______狀語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)Tip英文中的介詞不能單獨(dú)使用,其后必須接賓語(yǔ),所接的賓語(yǔ)往往是名詞短語(yǔ),也可以是單個(gè)的名詞。e.g.thebirdinthetree樹(shù)上的那只鳥(niǎo)thedevelopmentofChina中國(guó)的發(fā)展WorkingwithelephantsisoneofthemostpopularvolunteeractivitiesinThailand.Andforgoodreason，these1.______(amaze)creaturesarehuge,cute，andveryintelligent.Oftenelephants2.______(look)onasgentleanimals，butit'sgoodtorememberthatthisisn'talwaysthecase.3.______(sad)，manyelephantshavefacedterribletreatment，beateninto4.______(give)performancesoroverworkedatmone