(全)高考英語語法真題詳解-形容詞和副詞

高考英語語法真題詳解-形容詞和副詞[感悟高考]單句語法填空/單句改錯1．Recentstudiesshowthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks________(regular)．(2016·全國Ⅱ，67)2．Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork，youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(識別)thoseof________(great)andlessimportance.(2016·全國Ⅱ，61)3．Fromtomorrow，IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe________(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.(2016·全國Ⅰ，63)4．Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich________(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.(2016·全國Ⅲ，46)5．Theteenageyearsfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.(2016·全國Ⅲ，短文改錯)6．Atonetime，Ievenfeltmyparentscouldn'tunderstandmesoIhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.(2016·全國Ⅲ，短文改錯)答案1.regularly2.greater3.officially4.gradually5.worse→worst6.freely→free[考點清單]考點一形容詞、副詞的同級比較規(guī)則?“as＋形容詞/副詞原級＋as”與“not＋as/so＋形容詞/副詞原級＋as”表示同級比較，即兩個或兩部分人或物在性質(zhì)上或程度上相同/不同。Tomis

asexcellentas

Johnintheabilityofdealingwithsuchcases.在處理這類案件上，湯姆和約翰的能力是一樣優(yōu)秀的。Hedoesn'trun

so/asfastas

hisyoungerbrother.他沒有他弟弟跑得快。規(guī)則?“as＋形容詞原級＋as＋具體數(shù)字”表示“高/深/多……達……”。Thetemperaturehereis

ashighas

39℃.這里的氣溫高達39攝氏度?？键c二形容詞、副詞的比較級規(guī)則?比較級的不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最高級good，wellbetterbestbad，illworseworstmany，muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest規(guī)則?比較級＋than...“比……更”；less...than“不如……”。Thebookis

lessinterestingthan

thatone.這本書不如那本書有趣。規(guī)則?the＋比較級，the＋比較級“越……，越……”。Theharder

heworks，themoreprogress

hewillmake.他工作越努力，取得的進步就越大。規(guī)則?the＋比較級＋of(the)＋名詞/代詞“(兩者中)較……的”。Ofthetwocameras，Iwouldprefer

thesmallerone，whichisveryeasyformetocarry.這兩個照相機，我喜歡較小的一個，它容易攜帶?？键c三形容詞、副詞的最高級規(guī)則?三者或三者以上的比較用最高級。表示范圍的標志詞有in，of，among等。Raymond'sparentswantedhimtohave

thebestpossibleeducation.雷蒙德的父母想讓他接受最好的教育。規(guī)則?“oneof＋最高級＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋比較范圍”表示“……中最……之一”。Thisis

oneofthemostimportantevents

inmodernhistory.這是現(xiàn)代歷史上最重要的事件之一。規(guī)則?“否定詞語＋比較級”或“否定詞語＋such/so...as”結(jié)構(gòu)表示最高級含義。Mr.Stevensonisgreattoworkfor—Ireallycouldn'taskfor

abetterboss.為斯蒂文森先生工作感覺非常好，我真的找不到比他更好的老板了?？键c四倍數(shù)表達法規(guī)則?倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞/副詞原級＋as...Asiais

fourtimesaslargeas

Europe.亞洲比歐洲大三倍。規(guī)則?倍數(shù)＋形容詞/副詞比較級＋than...Thedictionaryisexactly

fivetimesmoreexpensivethan

thatone.這本字典恰好比那本貴五倍。規(guī)則?倍數(shù)＋the＋性質(zhì)名詞(size/length/height等)＋of...Thenewlybroadenedsquareis

fourtimesthesizeofthepreviousone.新擴建的廣場是未擴建時的4倍大?？键c五形容詞(短語)作狀語和副詞作評論性狀語規(guī)則?形容詞(短語)作狀語表示伴隨或結(jié)果，通常用來說明主語的情況，表示主語的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征等，但并不表示動作的方式。Hecametoschoolthismorning，veryupset.今天早晨他非常傷心地來到學(xué)校。規(guī)則?連接副詞和修飾整個句子作評論性狀語的副詞，通常位于句首。有時也用于句中或句尾。Thankfully，Imanagedtogetthroughthegameandthepainwasworthitintheend.謝天謝地，我終于打完比賽了，所有的辛苦都是值得的。[正誤探究]1．【誤】“Equalpayforequalwork”isaphrasebytheAmericanwomenwhofeeltheyare__fair__treatedbysociety.【正】“Equalpayforequalwork”isaphrasebytheAmericanwomenwhofeeltheyare__fairly__treatedbysociety.【探究】修飾動詞、形容詞作狀語通常用副詞。2．【誤】Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold，soshestood__close__tohermother.【正】Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold，soshestood__closely__tohermother.【探究】一般說來，與形容詞同形的副詞通常取字面上的意思，表示具體的含義；以-ly結(jié)尾的副詞往往表示引申的意義或抽象意義，有時還帶有一定的感情色彩。3．【誤】Thisismy__the(the__my)__best__friend．【正】Thisismy__best__friend．【探究】形容詞最高級前面必須加定冠詞the，但當形容詞最高級前面有物主代詞修飾時，則不加the。[易錯防范]易錯點1形容詞和副詞的一些固定用法的誤用—MustIturnoffthegasaftercooking?—Ofcourse.Youcanneverbe________carefulwiththat.誤填more答案too[考查英語中固定句型“cannot/canneverbetoo...”。意為“越……越好”或“再……也不過分”，所以填too。句意：你越小心越好。]【點撥】too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)是中學(xué)階段一個很常用的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“太……而不能……”，是一個否定的結(jié)構(gòu)。但在下面的情況下卻表示肯定的含義：(1)當在該結(jié)構(gòu)中的too或to前加上否定詞not或never等時，該結(jié)構(gòu)即為表示肯定含義的結(jié)構(gòu)。cannot/cannever...too...to...為常見的用法，它可以與cannot/cannever...enoughto...結(jié)構(gòu)進行轉(zhuǎn)化。Whencrossingthestreet，youcanneverbetoocareful/carefulenough.你過馬路時，越小心越好。(2)當too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)中的副詞too后接happy，ready，anxious，eager，glad，willing等形容詞時，該結(jié)構(gòu)表達的即為肯定的含義。Sheistoowillingtomarryhim.她很愿意嫁給他。(3)當too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)中的副詞too前面有all，but，only，quite等修飾時，該結(jié)構(gòu)表達的也為肯定的含義。Iamonlytoopleasedtohelpyou.我很高興幫助您。易錯點2形容詞作狀語的誤用Afterthelongjourney，thethreeofthemwentbackhome，hungryand________(tire)．誤填tiring答案tired[句意：經(jīng)過長途跋涉之后，他們?nèi)嘶氐搅思?，又累又餓。表示他們?nèi)说郊液笏幍臓顟B(tài)，故用形容詞作狀語，表示“人累”用tired。]【點撥】如果不是修飾謂語動詞，而是說明主語所處的狀態(tài)，這時用形容詞而不是副詞作狀語。易錯點3-ed和-ing形式的形容詞混用ThestorythatIreadlastnightisvery________(interest)．誤填interested答案interesting[表示故事本身的性質(zhì)，用-ing形式的形容詞。]【點撥】-ing形容詞主要用于修飾事物，表示事物的性質(zhì)或特征，常譯為“令人……的”；修飾人時，則表示此人具有的性質(zhì)或特征。-ed形容詞通常用于說明人的感受，常譯為“感到……的”，強調(diào)人自身的情感波動；修飾事物時，則多修飾air(神態(tài))，smile(微笑)，feeling(感覺)，appearance(容貌)，cry(哭聲)，face(表情)，voice(聲音)，mood(情緒)，look(表情)，eye(眼神)等顯示某人情感狀況的名詞。[針對訓(xùn)練]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Getanearlystartandtrytobeasproductive________possiblebeforelunch.(2016·全國Ⅱ，45)2．As________(nature)architects，thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.3．Heownedafarm，whichlookedalmostabandoned.________(lucky)，healsohadacowwhichproducedmilkeveryday.4．Finally，thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris________(clean)thanever.5．Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop，andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousand________(disappoint)．6．The________(hard)youtrytobeathim，themorelikelyyouwillgethit.Hecontrolsyou!7．Icannotcontrolmybodywell.Mylegsbecome________(pain)．8．Afterourplanelanded，wewenttothehotel.Wehadmadeourreservationsixmonths________(early)，butthemanatthefrontdesksaidtherehadbeenamistake.9．Itmaynotbeagreatsuggestion.Butbeforea________(good)oneisputforward，we'llmakedowithit.10．IthinkwatchingTVeveryeveningisawasteoftime—thereare________(meaningful)thingstodo.答案1.as2.natural3.Luckily4.cleaner5.disappointed6.harder7.painful8.earlier9.better10.moremeaningfulⅡ.單句改錯(每句僅1處錯誤)1．Hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady.(2016·全國Ⅰ，短文改錯)2．Lotsofstudieshaveshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.3．“Hownicetoseeyouagain！DadandIwereterribleworried.”4．Ontheleft-handsideoftheclass，Icouldeasyseethefootballfield.5．Soreallyfriendshipshouldbeabletostandallsortsoftests.6．Mymummakesthebetterbiscuitsintheworld，soIdecidedtoaskherforhelp.7．Ihadnoticedthatthecarriagewasnoiseandfilledwithpeople.8．Nooneinthecarriagehadpreviousspokentoorevennoticedtheticket-ownerbefore.9．Myunclesimmediatejumpedupandshottheirarrowsonthebird.10．Don'tpanicorgetoutofline，andtrytoremainquietandcalmly.答案1.steady→steadily2.seriously→serious3.terrible→terribly4.easy→easily5.really→real6.better→best7.noise→noisy8.previous→previously9．immediate→immediately10.calmly→calmⅢ.語篇填空(用所給詞的適當形式填空)Sometimeago，afriendofmine，whoworkedinapartofthecityIdidn'tknowvery__1__(good)，invitedmetocallonhim.IttookmehourstogetthereandItook__2__(greatly)troubletofindaproperspottoparkmycar.AsIwasalreadythree-quartersofanhourlate，Iparkedmycar__3__(quick)．Atnoon，justasI