安徽省淮南市孫廟中學(xué)2021年高一英語期末試卷含解析

安徽省淮南市孫廟中學(xué)2021年高一英語期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.—________！Don'tbeafraid.—Just

________andjumpintothewater?Isdivingjustsosimple?A.Comeup;holdmynoseB.Comedown;holdmybreathC.Comeon;holdmybreathD.Comein;holdmyhands參考答案：C第一個空為鼓勵的話語，讓聽者不要害怕，comeon有“加油，振作起來，快點”等意思，符合句意。holdone'sbreath“屏息”。2.Thisistheplace________________theforeignguestsaregoingtovisit.A.不填

B.where

C.what

D.when參考答案：A3.Peterwassoexcited___hereceivedaninvitationfromhisfriendtovisitChongqing.A.where

B.that

C.why

D.when參考答案：D略4.Morethan750commercialairliners________fatalaccidentslastyear.Addedtothatwerethe1,550smalleraircraft.A.involvedin B.wereinvolvedofC.wereinvolvedin D.involvedof參考答案：C5.Don’tgetoffthebusuntilit____.A.hasstopped

.

B.stopped

C.willstop

D.shallstop參考答案：A6.—Didn’tyouaskJimforhelp?

—Jim?!Heisjusttoo______tolendmeanymoney!

A.busy

B.mean

C.unfriendly

D.bad參考答案：B略7.Sheisalreadytwohourslate.What___toher?A.canhavehappened

B.musthavehappenedC.shouldhavehappened

D.musthappen參考答案：A8.Whatgreattroublewehad___________wherehishousewas.A.infinding B.tofind

C.find D.found.參考答案：A9.Takeyourtime—it’sjust_____shortdistancefromhereto_____restaurant.A.不填；the

B.a;the

C.the;a

D.不填；a參考答案：B10.Thisnewkindofchemicalswillhelpkeeptheair,soilandwater________frompollution.A.free

B.empty

C.loose

D.short參考答案：A11.Thewildflowerslooklikeasoftorangeblanket______thedesert.A.covering

B.covered

C.covers D.tocover參考答案：A試題分析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：野花看起來像一張柔軟的黃色的毯子，覆蓋著沙漠。此句中已經(jīng)有謂語動詞looklike,因此所填成分為非謂語。C為謂語動詞，所以首先排除。此處為非謂語動詞做后置定語，毯子覆蓋著沙漠，為邏輯主謂關(guān)系，用ing形式表示。故C正確。12.TheGreatPyramidissuchafamousplaceofinterestintheworld,________wasbuiltinancienttimesinEgypt，________everytouristlikestovisit.A．which；that

B．which；as C．a(chǎn)s；which

D．that；which參考答案：B解析考查定語從句。句意：金字塔在世界上是如此著名的名勝古跡，它在古代埃及建造的，每個游客都喜歡去參觀。第一空為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為place，用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)；第二空為such...as句式，as引導(dǎo)定語從句。

13.SkatinginnortheastChinais____excitingexperienceforBill.

A.an

B.the

C.much

D./參考答案：A14.Allpossiblemeans______beentakentopreventtheriver_______.A.have;polluting

B.has;polluted

C.has;frompolluted

D.have;beingpolluted參考答案：D15.–Youarealwaysfullof______.Canyoutellmethesecret?

–Takingplentyofexerciseeveryday.

A.imagination

B.ideas

C.force

D.energy參考答案：D16.Marycamehomesothinandweakthatherownchildrenhardly_____her.

A.knew

B.saw

C.realized

D.recognized參考答案：D略二、完型填空17.WilliamWeaverwasoneof14blackstudentsintegrating(使融合進入)theall—whiteWestHighSchool.Ateachertoldhimthathe“didn'tbelong.”Hehadatestandtheteacher___41___himandthenjusttookthepaperawayandsaid,“___42___isup.”Thefirstreportcardhegotwas___43___F’s.Sohestartedtothinkmaybehedidn'tbelongandthathewas___44___.OneeveninghewasathomeandEdwardHill,hisscienceteacherfromthe___45___school,camebytovisit.WeavertoldMrHillthatthewhiteschoolweretryingto___46___himaway.MrHillaskedWeavertocometohisoldschoolafter___47___.SoeverydaywaitingforhimwouldbeMr.Hillwithotherteachersandthey___48___him.OncehegotpastthoseF’s,hestopped___49___himself.Butnomatterwhathedid,hewasnever___50___atthatschool.Weaverneverhada___51___withacounselor(輔導(dǎo)員)aboutgoingtocollege.But,tohis___52___,hegotalettertellinghimhehadbeenawardedascholarship.Weaver___53___itandwentonto___54___HowardUniversity.Manyyears___55___,WeavercameacrossMrHillandtoldhim,“MrHill,ifIhadnotgottenthat___56___,Idon’tknowwhatwouldhavehappened.AndIdon'tknow___57___IgotthescholarshipbecauseIneverevenappliedforit.”MrHillsaid,“Iknow,becauseIfilledinthe___58___andsentitoffforyou.”SoMrHillstepped___59___andchangedhislife,___60___atthattimeWeaverdidn'trealizehowmuchhewasbeinghelped.41.A.tookover

B.wentover

C.turnedover

D.stoodover42.A.Class

B.Level

C.Time

D.Study43.A.all

B.no

C.some

D.few44.A.stupid

B.excellent

C.ordinary

D.extraordinary45.A.new

B.black

C.best

D.worst46.A.drive

B.turn

C.put

D.give47.A.holiday

B.school

C.graduation

D.talk48.A.liked

B.praised

C.taught

D.scolded49.A.blaming

B.pushing

C.behaving

D.doubting50.A.realized

B.recognized

C.remembered

D.punished51.A.battle

B.headache

C.conversation

D.argument52.A.surprise

B.delight

C.excitement

D.credit53.A.won

B.refused

C.accepted

D.received54.A.found

B.donate

C.decline

D.attend55.A.before

B.later

C.ago

D.around56.A.scholarship

B.ignorance

C.help

D.anxiety57.A.when

B.where

C.how

D.that58.A.details

B.information

C.form

D.name59.A.out

B.in

C.back

D.forward60.A.and

B.since

C.unless

D.though參考答案：41.D

42.C

43.A

44.A

45.B

46.A

47.B

48.C

49.D

50.B

51.C

52.A

53.C

54.D

55.B

56.A

57.C

58.C

59.B

60.D本文是一篇記敘文。威廉·韋弗是14名黑人學(xué)生中的一員，他們?nèi)谌肓巳前兹说奈鞑扛咧?。一位老師告訴他，他“不屬于這里”。他拿到的第一張成績單全是F。白人學(xué)校要把他“趕走”。后來以前的科學(xué)老師Mr.Hill和其他老師幫助Weaver。令他吃驚的是，他收到一封信，告訴他他獲得了獎學(xué)金。于是希爾先生介入并改變了他的生活，盡管那時Weaver并沒有意識到他得到了多大的幫助。【41題詳解】考查動詞詞組。A.tookover接管；

B.wentover越過，檢查；

C.turnedover移交給，把------翻過來；

D.stoodover監(jiān)督。根據(jù)Hehadatestandtheteacher___1___himandthenjusttookthepaperawayandsaid,“___2___isup.”他有一個考試，老師站在他旁邊，然后把試卷拿走說:“時間到了。”考試時老師監(jiān)督是很正常的，故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。A.Class班；

B.Level水平，標準；

C.Time時間；

D.Study學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)Hehadatestandtheteacher___1___himandthenjusttookthepaperawayandsaid,“___2___isup.”他有一個考試，老師站在他旁邊，然后把試卷拿走說:“時間到了?！眛ookthepaperaway表明考試時間到了，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞。A.all全部的；

B.no沒有，不是；

C.some一些，某個；

D.few很少的。根據(jù)下句Sohestartedtothinkmaybehedidn'tbelong可知，Thefirstreportcardhegotwas___3___F’s.他拿到的第一張成績單全是F。所以A項符合題意?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞。A.stupid愚蠢的；

B.excellent優(yōu)秀的；

C.ordinary普通的，平凡的；

D.extraordinary非凡的。從上句得知他的第一張成績單全是F，所以只有A項符合句意?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞。A.new新的；

B.black黑色的；

C.best最好的；

D.worst最差的。根據(jù)下句WeavertoldMrHillthatthewhiteschoolweretryingto___6___himaway.可知來拜訪他的科學(xué)老師應(yīng)該是來自theblackschool，故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動詞。A.drive驅(qū)趕，駕駛；

B.turn轉(zhuǎn)動；

C.put放；

D.give給。根據(jù)第一段第二句Ateachertoldhimthathe“didn'tbelong.”可知，白人學(xué)校要把他“趕走”。drivesb.away“把某人趕走”，故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞。A.holiday假日；

B.school學(xué)校；

C.graduation畢業(yè)；

D.talk談?wù)摗８鶕?jù)MrHillaskedWeavertocometohisoldschoolafter___7___.可知，MrHill請Weaver放學(xué)后去他原來的學(xué)校。afterschool“放學(xué)之后”，故答案為B?！?8題詳解】考查動詞。A.liked喜歡；

B.praised稱贊，表揚；

C.taught教；

D.scolded責(zé)備。根據(jù)SoeverydaywaitingforhimwouldbeMr.Hillwithotherteachersandthey___8___him.可知，所以每天等他的都是希爾先生和其他老師，他們教他。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動詞。A.blaming責(zé)備；

B.pushing推，促進；

C.behaving表現(xiàn)，行為；

D.doubting懷疑。根據(jù)第一段中Thefirstreportcardhegotwas___3___F’s.Sohestartedtothinkmaybehedidn'tbelongandthathewas___4___.可知，OncehegotpastthoseF’s,hestopped___9___himself.一旦通過了那些F，他就不再懷疑自己了。此處“doubt”最符合語境。故選D。【50題詳解】考查動詞。A.realized意識到；

B.recognized認可，認出；

C.remembered記得；

D.punished懲罰。根據(jù)Butnomatterwhathedid,hewasnever___10___atthatschool.可知，但是不管他做了什么，他在那所學(xué)校從來沒有被承認過。此句中的but表明前后是一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，“從來不被認可”，故選B。【51題詳解】考查名詞。A.battle戰(zhàn)役；

B.headache頭疼；

C.conversation談話；

D.argument爭論。根據(jù)Weaverneverhada___11___withacounselor(輔導(dǎo)員)aboutgoingtocollege.可知，Weaver從未和輔導(dǎo)員談過上大學(xué)的事。固定詞組：haveaconversationwithsb.“和某人交談”，故答案為C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。A.surprise驚奇；

B.delight高興；

C.excitement興奮；

D.credit信譽。根據(jù)But,tohis___12___,hegotalettertellinghimhehadbeenawardedascholarship.可知，但是，令他吃驚的是，他收到一封信，告訴他他獲得了獎學(xué)金。Toone’ssurprise“使某人吃驚的是”，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動詞。A.won贏得；

B.refused拒絕；

C.accepted接受；

D.received收到。根據(jù)Weaver___13___itandwentonto___14___HowardUniversity.可知，Weaver接受了獎學(xué)金，并繼續(xù)就讀于霍華德大學(xué)?？芍狢項符合語境?！?4題詳解】考查動詞。A.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；

B.donate捐獻；

C.decline下降，衰退；

D.attend上（大學(xué)等），出席。根據(jù)Weaver___13___itandwentonto___14___HowardUniversity.可知，Weaver接受了獎學(xué)金，并繼續(xù)就讀于霍華德大學(xué)。此處attend上（大學(xué)等），故選D。【55題詳解】考查副詞。根據(jù)WeavercameacrossMrHillandtoldhim,可知，這里應(yīng)該是“多年之后的偶遇”，故選B。【56題詳解】考查名詞。A.scholarship獎學(xué)金；

B.ignorance無知，愚昧；

C.help幫助；

D.anxiety焦慮。根據(jù)“MrHill,ifIhadnotgottenthat___16___,Idon’tknowwhatwouldhavehappened.AndIdon'tknow___17___IgotthescholarshipbecauseIneverevenappliedforit.”“希爾先生，如果我沒有得到獎學(xué)金，我不知道會發(fā)生什么事。我不知道我是怎么拿到獎學(xué)金的，因為我從來沒有申請過。在第二段中But,tohis___12___,hegotalettertellinghimhehadbeenawardedascholarship.有提示，故選A?！?7題詳解】考查賓語從句。根據(jù)“MrHill,ifIhadnotgottenthat___16___,Idon’tknowwhatwouldhavehappened.AndIdon'tknow___17___IgotthescholarshipbecauseIneverevenappliedforit.”“希爾先生，如果我沒有得到獎學(xué)金，我不知道會發(fā)生什么事。我不知道我是怎么拿到獎學(xué)金的，因為我從來沒有申請過。結(jié)合句意可知此處是how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞。A.details細節(jié)；

B.information信息；

C.form表格，形式；

D.name名字。根據(jù)MrHillsaid,“Iknow,becauseIfilledinthe___18___andsentitoffforyou.”希爾先生說:“我知道，因為我填好了表格，寄給你了。”申請獎學(xué)金要填“表格”，故選C?！?9題詳解】考查副詞。根據(jù)SoMrHillstepped___19___andchangedhislife,___20___atthattimeWeaverdidn'trealizehowmuchhewasbeinghelped.可知，于是希爾先生介入并改變了他的生活，盡管那時Weaver并沒有意識到他得到了多大的幫助。stepin“介入”，故答案為B?！?0題詳解】考查狀語從句。A.and和；

B.since既然；

C.unless除非；

D.though盡管。根據(jù)SoMrHillstepped___19___andchangedhislife,___20___atthattimeWeaverdidn'trealizehowmuchhewasbeinghelped.可知，于是希爾先生介入并改變了他的生活，盡管那時Weaver并沒有意識到他得到了多大的幫助。此處是though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，故選D。三、閱讀理解18.Justnow,mylittlesistertoldmethattheyhadadiscussionaboutlifenowandtheninclass.Shethoughtlifewasalotbetter.Whensheaskedmeformyopinion,Ididn'tknowwhattosay.It'struethatlifeiseasiertodaythaninthepast.Wecandomanymorethingspeoplecouldn'tdointhepast.Nowwecanjustsitinthecaranddrivesomewherefantastic.Inthepast,peopletravelledeitheronfootoronhorseback.Nowwecanbuyalmosteverythingwewantinstoresandsupermarkets.Inthepast,peoplewouldfeelhappyaslongastheyhadenoughfoodandwater.Nowpeoplelivelongerandhealthier.Inthepast,fewpeopleknewhowtodealwithordinarydiseases.Andnowwecantraveltheworld.Inthepast,travellingtoothercontinentswasimpossibleforordinarypeople.Somepeopleevendidn'tknowtheexistenceofothercontinents.However,lifetodayisdifficultatthesametime.Wewanttolookgood.Wetrytobeperfect.Wewanttoknowwhatothersthinkofus.Andthepaceofmodernlifeissofastthatwearebecomingbusierandbusier!Wearebusymakingmoney.Andwearebusyspendingmoney.However,weneverfeelthatlifeisgoodenough.Wearesobusythatwedon'thavetimeforourfamilymembersandfriends,nottomentionourhobbies.Islifetodaybetterorworse?It'shardtosay,isn'tit?25.Whatdoesthewriter'slittlesisterprobablydo?

A.Apilot.

B.Adoctor. C.Astudent.

D.Amanager.26.Whatwasprobablythetopicforthediscussion?A.Islifetodaybetterorworse?B.Arepeopleasbusyasbefore?C.Dopeopleworkashardasbefore?D.Islifetodayeasierormoredifficult?27.What'sthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A.Lifeiseasiertoday.B.Transportiseasiertoday.C.Traveliseasiertoday.D.Peoplelivelongertoday.28.Fromthethirdparagraph,wecaninferthatthewriterthinksit's________forustoslowdown.Asilly

B.difficult

C.easy

D.important參考答案：25-28DCCC19.Elephantshaveimpressedusforcenturies.Theyarebig,clever,andsociable.Butwhatifsomeonetoldyouthattheymayalsoholdthekeytofightingcancer(癌癥)?Peoplehavebeenwonderingwhyelephantsdonotdevelopcancer,eventhoughtheyhavelifespans(壽命)thataresimilartohumans,livingforaround50to70years.Nowscientistsbelievetheyknowwhy.AteamattheUniversityofChicago,UShasfoundthatelephantscarryalargenumberofgenesthatstoptumors(腫瘤)fromdeveloping.Tobeprecise,theyfound20copiesofananti-tumorgenecalledTP53inelephants.Mostotherspecies,includinghumans,onlycarryonecopy.Accordingtotheresearch,whichwasrecentlypublishedontheonlinesciencenetworkBioRxiv,theextracopiesofthegeneimprovedtheanimal'ssensitivitytoDNAdamage.Thisletsthecellsquicklykillthemselveswhendamagedbeforetheycangoontoformdeadlytumors.“Anincreasedriskofdevelopingcancerhasstoodinthewayoftheevolutionoflargebodysizesinmanyanimals，”studyauthorDr.VincentLynchtoldTheGuardian.Ifeverylivingcell(細胞)hasthesamechanceofbecomingcancerous,largecreatureswithlonglifespanslikewhalesandelephantsshouldhaveagreaterriskofdevelopingcancerthanhumansandmicedo.Butacrossspecies,theriskofcancerdoesnotshowaconnectionwithbodymass.This_phenomenonwasfoundbyOxfordUniversityscientistRichardPetointhe1970sandlaternamed“Peto'sparadox”.Evolutionary(進化的)biologistsbelieveitresultsfromlargeranimalsusingprotectionthatmanysmalleranimalsdonot.Intheelephant'scase,themakingofTP53isnature'swayofkeepingthisspeciesalive.Thestudyalsofoundthatwhenthesamegeneswerebroughttolifeinmice,theyhadthesamecancerresistance(抵抗)aselephants.Thismeansresearcherscouldusethediscoverytodevelopnewtreatmentsthatcanhelpstopcancersfromspreadingorevendevelopinginthefirstplace.“Naturehasalreadyfiguredouthowtopreventcancer,”saidJoshuaSchiffman,anoncologistattheSchoolofMedicine,UniversityofUtah,US.“It'suptoustolearnhowdifferentanimalstackle(處理)theproblemsowecanusethosestrategiestopreventcancerinpeople.”12.Whyareelephantsunlikelytodevelopcancer?A.Theyhavealargebodysize.B.TheirgenessuffernoDNAdamage.C.Certaingenesintheirbodykillexistingtumors.D.Theycarrymanygenesthatkeeptumorsfromdeveloping.13.AccordingtoDr.Vinc