專業(yè)英語科技英文寫作中的常見問題課件

科技英文寫作中的常見問題科技英文寫作中的常見問題11.“a,an,the”Examplesofincorrectusages:IncorrectFigure2showsthedistributionofrelativevelocityonsurfaceofmainandsplitterblades.Correct

Figure2showsthedistributionofrelativevelocityonthe

surfaceofthe

mainandsplitterblades.Incorrect

ThesoftwarePowerSHAPEischosentobea

3Dmodelingtool;itisgoodatdealingwithfreesurfacesandcurves.Correct

ThesoftwarePowerSHAPEischosentobethe

3Dmodelingtool;itisgoodatdealingwithfreesurfacesandcurves.1.“a,an,the”2a,an,the的用法不定冠詞a(an)與數(shù)詞one同源

1)表示“一個”Thereisabookonthetable.

2)代表一類人或物

Aknifeisatoolforcuttingwith.

Mr.Smithisanengineer.a,an,the的用法不定冠詞a(an)與數(shù)詞one3定冠詞the與指示代詞this，that同源，表示某個或某些特定的人或東西。定冠詞的用法:

1）特指雙方都明白的人或物：Takethemedicine.2）上文提到過的人或事：Heboughtahouse.I'vebeentothehouse.3）指世上獨一物二的事物：thesun，thesky，theearth4）單數(shù)名詞連用表示一類事物，如：thedollar;thefox；或與形容詞或分詞連用，表示一類人：therich;theliving。

5）用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級，及形容詞only，very，same等前面：

Wheredoyoulive?Iliveonthesecondfloor.

That'stheverythingI'vebeenlookingfor.

6）與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用，指整個群體：

Theyaretheteachersofthisschool.指全體教師

Theyareteachersofthisschool.指部分教師定冠詞the與指示代詞this，that同源，表示某個或某些47）表示所有，相當(dāng)于物主代詞，用在表示身體部位的名詞前Shecaughtmebythearm.8）用在某些由普通名詞構(gòu)成的國家名稱、機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體、階級、等專有名詞前：

thePeople'sRepublicofChina,theUnitedStates9）用在表示樂器的名詞之前：Sheplaysthepiano.10)用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前，表示一家人

theGreens格林一家人(或格林夫婦)11)用在慣用語中：

intheday,inthemorning(afternoon，evening),thedayaftertomorrow,thedaybeforeyesterday,thenextmorning,inthesky(water,field,country),inthedark,intherain,inthedistance,inthemiddle(of),intheend,onthewhole,bytheway,gotothetheatre7）表示所有，相當(dāng)于物主代詞，用在表示身體部位的名詞前5冠詞口訣冠詞分為定冠、不定冠，不定冠詞a和an，“—”的含義表泛指

表示特指要用the，次序、方位、最高級世上物體獨一個，人或事物再次提以下情況冠詞免，學(xué)科球類三頓飯名詞復(fù)數(shù)表泛指，季節(jié)星期月份前單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前必須要加冠詞復(fù)數(shù)可加可不加，意思不同不可數(shù)名詞可以加定冠詞，用于特指冠詞口訣6

2.Prefacingthemainideaofasentencebystatingthepurpose,locationorreasonfirstIncorrectFortheapplicationinautomobileinteriors,thispaperstudiesthenestingoptimizationprobleminleathermanufacturing.CorrectThispaperstudiesthenestingoptimizationprobleminleathermanufacturingforapplicationinautomobileinteriors.IncorrectToensuresheetmetalqualityaswellasassemblyquality,CMMsarewidelyusedinautomotiveindustryproduction.CorrectCMMsarewidelyusedinautomotiveindustryproductiontoensuresheetmetalqualityaswellasassemblyquality.

73.TendencyofplacingphraseswhichindicatetimeatthebeginningofasentenceIncorrectWhenUistakenasthecontrolparameter,theBDsforΔ=0.0,0.001,0.005areshowninFig.8.CorrectFigure8showstheBDsforΔ=0.0,0.001,and0.005whenUistakenasthecontrolparameter.3.Tendencyofplacingphrases84.PlacethemostimportantsubjectatthebeginningofthesentenceforemphasisIncorrectBasedonthetriangulationstructurebuiltfromunorganizedpointsoraCADmodel,theextendedSTLformatisdescribedinthissection.4CorrectTheextendedSTLformatisdescribedinthissectionbasedonthetriangulationstructurebuiltfromunorganizedpointsoraCADmodel.4.Placethemostimportantsu95.‘Inthispaper’,‘inthisstudy’Twoerrorsoccurwhenthesephrasesareused.Thefirstisoveruse.InsomepaperswrittenbyChinese,thesephrasescanoccurasmuchastwiceperpage.InpaperswrittenbynativeEnglishwritersthesephrasesarereservedforprimarilytwouses1.Intheintroductionandconclusiontoemphasizethecontentofthepaper.2.Inthebodyofthepaper,afterreferringtoworknotdonebytheauthorsuchasinotherjournalarticlesorinstandard.Therefore,ifeitherphraseoccursmorethanthreetimesinapaper,itsuseisquestionable.5.‘Inthispaper’,‘inthiss10Theseconderrorismoresubtle.Thetwophrasesareinterchanged.AwkwardInthispaper,IDEASwasusedto….CorrectInthisstudy,IDEASwasusedto….The‘study’istheworktheauthor/sdid.Thepaperisthemodetopresentthisworkandiswhatthereaderisholding/reading.Keepinmindthewritercanalsouseotherphrasessuchas‘inthisresearch’,and‘thispaperpresent’.Theseconderrorismoresubtl116.NumbersandEquationsTwoverycommonerrorsarethoseconcerningthepresentationofArabicnumerals,andequations.ChinesewritersusuallywriteArabicnumeralsinsteadofspellingouttheword.TheuseofArabicnumerals,itself,isnotanerrorhowever;theyshouldneverbeusedatthebeginningofsentences.Incorrect

12parameterswereselectedfortheexperiment.Correct

Twelve

parameterswereselectedfortheexperiment.6.NumbersandEquations12Inaddition,Arabicnumeralsareoverused.Arabicnumeralsshouldbeusedtogivedataintechnicalpapers,howevertheyshouldnotbeusedtogivegeneralinformation.IncorrectAll3

studiesconcludedthatthemeantemperatureshouldbe30°C.CorrectAllthree

studiesconcludedthatthemeantemperatureshouldbe30°C.Inaddition,Arabicnumeralsa137.‘suchas’and‘etc.’Suchasmeans‘forexample’andimpliesthatanincompletelistwillfollow;etc.means‘a(chǎn)ndsoon’andisusedattheendofalisttoshowitisnotcomplete.Therefore,usingsuchasandetc.togetherisredundant.IncorrectStudiesofmethodologyandprocessofimplementingremanufacturingmainlyfocusondurableproductssuchasautomobilemotors,printers,andetc.CorrectStudiesofmethodolog