unit10+數(shù)字的增長與下降表達(dá)法課件

Unit10表達(dá)增長或下降的程度1.rise/goup/increase/growmoderately溫和上升2.fall/drop/decrease/declineslightly略微下降3.rise/goup/increase/growsteadily穩(wěn)步增長4.fall/drop/decrease/declinegradually逐步下跌5.rise/goup/increase/growsharply/dramatically迅猛增長6.fall/drop/decrease/declinebadly/steeply急劇下降具體的變化幅度1.Therewasasuddenrise/increase/growthincostsof40%.成本突然上升了40%。2.Thecostssuddenlyrose/wentup/increased/grewby40%.成本突然上升了40%。3.Thecostsfell/dropped/decreased/declinedtoUS$20,000.成本下降到2萬美元。4.Thecostsfell/dropped/decreased/declinedbyUS$30,000.成本下降了3萬美元。5.Therewasagradualfall/drop/decrease/declineincostsfromUS$50,000toUS$20,000.成本從5萬美元下降到2萬美元。SectionOneTacticsforListeningArcher:Excuseme,(1)doyouspeakEnglish?Woman:Yes,alittle.Archer:I'mlooking(2)forabank.Woman:I'msorry.(3)Couldyousaythatagain,please?Archer:I'mlookingforabank.Woman:(4)There'sabankjustroundthecorner.Icanshowyou(5)whereitis.Archer:Thankyouverymuch.That'svery(6)kindofyou.Woman:That'sallright.Archer:Your(7)Englishisverygood.Woman:I'mlearning(8)Englishat eveningclasses.Areyou(9)hereonholiday?Archer:No,I'mgiving(10)somelecturesattheuniversity.Woman:Well,Ihopeyouenjoyyourselfhere.Practice1.I’mlookingforabank.I’mlookingforapostoffice.I’mlookingfortherailwaystation.2.Couldyousaythatagain?Couldyouhelpme?Couldyouclosethewindow?3.There’sabankjustroundthecorner.There’saschooljustroundthecorner.There’satreejustroundthecorner.P2Practice1.Whataboutbooks?Doyouspendalotonbooks?Whataboutentertainment,doyougooutalot?2.Ispent1poundonthisbook.Ispendabout1.50poundsonpapers.Ispendabout5poundsaweekonthat.Newwords1.grantn.撥款；補(bǔ)助金2.itemn.(系列物品或清單中的)一件Anitemisoneofacollectionorlistofobjects.3.hitchhikev.搭便車（旅行）；搭順風(fēng)車Ifyouhitchhike,youtravelbygettingliftsfrompassingvehicleswithoutpaying.4.reckonv.料想;估計;認(rèn)為Ifyoureckonthatsomethingistrue,youthinkthatitistrue.Hereckonedhewasstillfondofher.5.billn.（商品或服務(wù)費用的）賬單Abillisawrittenstatementofmoneythatyouoweforgoodsorservices.Part2ListeningandNot-TakingWoman:Howdoyoufindlivingonagrant?Canyoumanageit?Man:Well,rentisthebiggestitemonmybudget.That'smorethan8pounds.I'mquitelucky,becauseIshareahousewithsomefriendsandit'squiteneartheUniversity,andwesharethebills,ofcourse,youknow,gas,electricityandthat.Theycometoabout

1.50pounds.Afterrentcomesfood—that'smynextbiggestexpense,Isuppose.Ofcourse,Ican'taffordtoeatinrestaurantsoranythinglikethat.Woman:Whataboutbooks?Doyouhavetospendalotonbooks?Man:Well,well,itdepends,—ImeanlastweekIspent3.25poundsjustononebook,andthat'saboutaverageforaweek,I'dsay.Woman:Doyoubuynewspapersandmagazinesmuch?Man:Well,notalot,because—well,theyhavetheminthecollegelibrary,yousee,butIreckontospendabout,urnIpound,orI.50poundsonpapers.Woman:Whataboutentertainment,doyougooutalot?Man:Well,Igotothepubnearlyeveryeveningifthat'swhatyoumean,youknow,foradrinkwithyouknow,withmyfriends,andIsmokeandwell,altogetherIspendabout5poundsaweekonthat.Woman:Soit'snotveryeasytoliveonyourgrantthen,isit?Man:No,no,notreally,Iwork,Igetajobeveryvacationasadriverorinafactoryorsomethinglikethat...There'snothingIcangiveupreally.Imean,ifIgiveupsmoking,I'llonlysaveaboutI.50poundsperweekanyway.SometimesIsaveontransport—thataveragesabout2poundsaweekusually,butifIhitchhikehometomyparentsforexample,Isaveonthetrainfare,andthat'squiteabit...NewwordsD.11.telecomn.telecommunication,電信2.showroomn.(尤指汽車、電器、煤氣用具等的)商品陳列室，展銷廳Ashowroomisashopinwhichgoodsaredisplayedforsale,especiallygoodssuchascarsorelectricalorgasappliances.3.appliancen.器具，器械，裝置4.brochuren.（介紹產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)信息的）小冊子Abrochureisamagazineorthinbookwithpicturesthatgivesyouinformationaboutaproductorservice.travelbrochures旅游小冊子5.directoryn.人名地址錄，（電話）號碼簿；（計算機(jī)文件或程序的）目錄6.postn.郵件；郵包；包裹7.limiteda.（公司）有限責(zé)任的Practice1.Haveyouanyideaofthetime?Haveyouanyideaofitsvalue?Haveyouanyideahowmuchitwouldcost?2.Canyoupassmeapiece(orsheet)ofpaper?Canyoupassmethebookcoverisred?Canyoupassmethesalt?3.Itopensat10a.m.andclosesat5p.m.onMondaystoFridays.Dialogue1TheNationalTelecomShowroomMrsFennel:HaveyouanyideawhattimetheNationalTelecomShowroomopens,Kate?KateMitcham:TheNationalTelecomShowroom?No,I'mafraidIhaven't.Whydon'tyouphonethem?MrsFennell:Canyoupassmethe telephonedirectory,please?KateMitcham:Yes,er...DoyouwantLtoRorStoZ?MrsFennell:LtoR,Isuppose.Thanks.Informationclerk:Goodmorning.NationalTelecomShowroom.MrsFennell:Couldyoutellmewhattimetheshowroomopens,please?Informationclerk:Certainly.Itopensat10a.m.andclosesat5p.m.onMondaystoFridays.MrsFennell:Thankyou.Andcouldyoupossiblysendmesomeinformationaboutofficesystems?Informationclerk:Ofcourse.Wehavesomebrochures.Wouldyouliketogivemeyournameandaddress?MrsFennell:Yes,myname'sFennell.F-e-doublen-e-doubleI.AndtheaddressisCommunicoLimited,138EastAvenue,LondonN19.Informationclerk:N19.Right.I'llputthatintheposttoyoutoday.Doyourequireanythingelse?MrsFennell:No,that'sall,thankyou.Answers:1.ShewantstoknowwhentheNationalTelecomShowroomopens.2.Shecanfindthetelephonenumberfromthetelephonedirectory.3.Itopensat10a.m.andclosesat5p.m.onMondaystoFridays.4.Becausehewantstosendhersomebrochuresbypost.5.Sheworksforacompany,CommunicoLimited.Newwords1.immigrationn.移民局檢查處

Immigrationorimmigrationcontrolistheplaceataport,airport,orinternationalborderwhereofficialscheckthepassportsofpeoplewhowishtocomeintothecountry.2.Customsn.海關(guān)(部門)Customsistheofficialorganizationresponsibleforcollectingtaxesongoodscomingintoacountryandpreventingillegalgoodsfrombeingbroughtin.3.InformationDeskn.服務(wù)臺；查號臺；查訊臺4.loungen.休息廳；客廳；（機(jī)場等的）等候室Dialogue2AtHeathrowAirport

ListencarefullyfortheflightnumberandtrytodeductNickandLisearewaitingforMalcolmatHeathrowAirport.Theyarelisteningtotheannouncements,butthereisalotofnoise.Lise:Couldyouhear,Nick?Didshesay"Toronto"?Nick:Idon'tknow.There'stoomuchnoise.WhattimedoesMalcolm'splanearrive?Lise:Itoldyou.At9.30,FlightAC866.Nick:Gosh,it'salmost10:15now!Theplane'sprobablylanded.Whydon'tyougoandaskattheInformationDesk?Lise:OK.Andyougoandwaitbytheexitoverthere,Nick:Hey,waitaminute!WhatdoesMalelooklike?

Lise:Oh,he'slikeme.Buthe'stallerandthinner.Andhishair'smuchdarker.Anyway,don'tworry.I'llbebackinaminute.Nick:Excuseme,areyouMalcohmAnderson?Man:What'?No,I'mnot.Nick:Oh,sorry.Male:Er...areyoulookingforMalcolmAnderson'?Nick:Yes...oh,it'syou!Butyou'renotlikeyoursister!Male:Aren'tI?Anyway,youmustbeNick,nicetomeetyou.Where'sLise?Nick:She'sjustgonetotheInformationDesk.Ah,heresheis.List:Malcolm!Whathappenedtoyou?We'vebeenhereforhours!Male:Well,firstofall

IhadtroubleatImmigration.Andthentheycouldn'tfindsomeofmyluggage.AndthentheyaskedmealotofquestionsinCustoms.Lise:Well,nevermind,you'reherenow.ButI'lljustgobacktotheInformationDesk.Answers:1.BecausehefirsthadtroubleatImmigration.Andthentheycouldn'tfindsomeofhisluggage.AndfinallytheyaskedhimalotofquestionsinCustoms.2.ProbablyshehasaskedtheInformationDesktomakeanannouncement.Nowshegoestheretotellthemnottobroadcastit.FlightnumberpracticePN6216CZ8158MU5837ZH3129KY82353U8721CZ64048L9919HX4969C8922HO1294KA1420CX6130MF8449Newwords1.patchn.補(bǔ)丁，補(bǔ)片；碎片，碎屑；斑點2.hazya.霧氣騰騰的3.humidityn.濕度4.scattereda.分散的5.dropv.（使）降低;（使）下降;（使）減少6.breakthrough沖破；突破7.cleara.(天氣或天空)晴朗的8.breakv.（天氣的）放晴9.setin(不好的事情)產(chǎn)生，開始，到來，惡化10.showern.陣雨；淋浴11.fogn.霧12.rollinv.紛至沓來;涌現(xiàn);滾滾而來13.chillyadj.寒冷的14.visibilityn.能見度15.forecastvt.預(yù)報16.highwindn.疾風(fēng)；大風(fēng)17.fresha.寒冷的;凜冽的;有風(fēng)的Ifyousaythattheweatherisfresh,youmeanthatitisfairlycoldandwindy.Practice1.Thetemperatureshouldriseto20degrees.Thetemperatureshouldriseto14degrees.2.withtemperatureclimbingto25degreesbymidday.withsharepriceclimbingto5USdollarsby10a.m.today.3.withtemperaturesonlyreaching17or18degrees.withtemperaturesonlyreaching12or13degrees.4.Occasionalbreaksinthecloudmayliftthetemperatureto19degrees.Occasionalbreaksinthecloudmayliftthetemperatureto22degrees.6.Thehighwindwillkeepthetemperaturedownto15or16degrees.Theshowerwillkeepthetemperaturedownto25or27degrees.7.Temperatureswilldecreaserapidlyintheevening.Temperatureswillincreaserapidlyinthemorning.8.Temperatureswillfallto7degrees.Temperatureswillfallto5degrees.PassageIt'sfivetonineandhereistheweatherforecastfortheBritishIslesuntilmidnight.ForallareaseastofLondonandasfarnorthastheWashitwillbedrywithafewpatches*ofhazy*sunshinealongthecoastalregions.Inlandthewindswilldropandtemperaturesshouldriseto20℃althoughthereislittlechanceofthesunbreakingthrough.Alongthesouthcoastthedaywillstartclearandbright,withtemperaturesclimbingto

25

℃bymidday.However,bylateafternoon,cloudswillappearfromthesouthwestbringingthepossibilityofsomehumidity*.Inthewesternregion,coveringWalesandsouthwestEnglandasfaras

BristolheavyrainhasalreadysetinandinEnglanditisexpectedtocontinuefortherestofthedaywithtemperaturesonlyreaching17or18degrees.TheworstoftherainshouldhaveclearedPembrokeandwestWalesbymidafternoonandoccasionalbreaksinthecloudmayliftthetemperaturesto19,butfurthernorth,morerainblowingacrosstheIrishSea,withhighwinds,willkeepthetemperaturedownto15or16degrees;lowforthistimeoftheyear.Finally,fortherestofEnglandandScotland,theweatherwillbechangeable;withrainfromthewestclearingbymid-morning,andthenbrighterperiodswithscattered*showerswillcovermostoftheMidlandsandScotland.ThewindswillbefreshfromthenorthwestbecomingchillyinthenorthofScotland.Asnightfalls,fogwillrollin

fromtheNorthSeaandmostofthenortheastScottishcoastwillhaverestrictedvisibility.Temperatureswilldecreaserapidlyintheevening,insomeplacesintheextremenorthfallingto7degrees.Thatistheendoftheweatherforecast,andtheshippingforecastwillfollowshortly.Newwords1.leadinga.最重要的；卓著的；顯赫的Theleadingpersonorthinginaparticularareaistheonewhichismostimportantorsuccessful.2.addressv.對付；處理；設(shè)法了解并解決3.periodicallyadv.周期性地；定期地，偶爾4.monetarya.（尤指一國）貨幣的，金融的Monetarymeansrelatingtomoney,especiallythetotalamountofmoneyinacountry.5.futureexchangen.外匯期貨，遠(yuǎn)期外匯，期貨交易所6.exchangen.交易所7.futurescontractn.期貨合約8.futuresn.<商>期貨（交易）；9.specifica.（表達(dá)）明確的，確切的，具體的10.commodityn.商品11.financialinstrument

金融手段；金融證券；金融工具；金融票據(jù)12.specifyv.具體說明（或規(guī)定）;明確說明;具體指定13.spotmarketn.期貨現(xiàn)貨市場14.deliveryn.n.傳送，投遞；[法]（正式）交付15.duea.到期的16.Over-the-counter

adj.（證券等）不通過交易所直接售給顧客的17.infrastructuren.(國家、社會、組織賴以行使職能的)基礎(chǔ)建設(shè),基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施BackgroundInformation1.GroupofEightreferstoeightoftheworld'seconomicallyleadingcountriesthatmeetperiodicallytoaddressinternationaleconomicandmonetaryissues.ThecountriesareCanada,France,Germany,Italy,Russia,theUnitedKingdom,andtheUnitedStates.2.Afuturesexchangeorfuturesmarketisacentralfinancialexchangewherepeoplecantradestandardizedfuturescontracts;thatis,acontracttobuyspecificquantitiesofacommodityorfinancialinstrumentataspecifiedpricewithdeliverysetataspecifiedtimeinthefuture.3.Thespotmarketorcashmarketisapublicfinancialmarket,inwhichfinancialinstrumentsorcommoditiesaretradedforimmediatedelivery.Itcontrastswithafuturesmarketinwhichdeliveryisdueatalaterdate.Aspotmarketcanbe:anorganizedmarket,anexchangeorOver-the-counter(OTC)Spotmarketscanoperatewherevertheinfrastructureexiststoconductthetransaction.ThespotmarketformostinstrumentsexistsprimarilyontheInternet.Newwords1.financeministern.財政部長2.urgev.敦促；力勸3.callon要求;呼吁;號召4.InternationalMonetaryFund國際貨幣基金；國際貨幣基金組織5.InternationalEnergyAgency國際能源機(jī)構(gòu)6.speculationn.投機(jī)買賣；思考；投機(jī)活動；推斷7.setv.決定，確定(日期、價格、目標(biāo)或水準(zhǔn))8.barreln.桶NewsItem1LastSaturday,inJapan,financeministersoftheGroupofEightcountriesurgedoilproducingcountriestoincreaseproduction.ButtheyalsocalledontheInternationalMonetaryFundandtheInternationalEnergyAgencytojointlyexaminetherecentpricerise.IMFchiefDonminiqueStrauss-KahnsaidthatsomeG-Eightministerswereconcernedaboutfinancialspeculation.Howimportantitisandwhatinfluenceithasonthemarketwillbeinvestigated,hesays.AreportisexpectedinOctober.Futuresmarketsnowlargelysetthepriceofoil.Yetthesecontractsrarelyinvolveanexchangeofrealbarrelsofoil.Mostoilistradedonwhatiscalledthespotmarketorthroughothercontractsbetweenproducersandusers.Theprices,however,areusuallybasedonfuturesprices.Newwords1.callforv.要求;呼吁2.packagen.一組建議；一攬子提議3.shotn.注射4.Democratica.<美>民主黨的5.Republicana.<美>共和黨的6.Congressn.(由眾議院和參議院組成的)美國國會7.Housen.(美國）眾議院8.Senaten.（美國、澳大利亞等國議會的）參議院；9.setn.（一）套10.recessionn.經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退，不景氣NewItem2LastFriday,PresidentBushcalledforaneconomicgrowthpackage-aplantogiveaquickshotofenergytotheslowingAmericaneconomy.Now,theadministrationhasanagreementwith

DemocraticandRepublicanleadersintheHouseofRepresentatives.PresidentBushcalledtheonehundredfiftybilliondollardeal,reachedThursday,therightsetofpoliciesandtherightsize.Heurged

Congress

topassitassoonaspossible,sayingtheeconomyurgentlyneedsaction.Hesaidtheplanwouldleadtohigherconsumerspendingandincreasedbusinessinvestmentthisyear.ThemeasuresmustbeapprovedbytheHouseandtheSenateandsignedintolawbythepresident.Manyeconomistsworrythattheworld'slargesteconomywillenterorhasalreadyenteredarecession.Newwords1.subprimea.準(zhǔn)最低貸款利率的2.mortgagen.房屋抵押貸款3.loann.貸款；借款4.repayv.償還，償付(貸款或債務(wù))5.realestaten.不動產(chǎn);房地產(chǎn)6.takeabeatingv.挨打，受打擊；被損壞；受傷；損失好多錢；損失嚴(yán)重7.comedownvi.（價格、溫度、比率等）下降；著陸；崩塌；8.defaultn.未履行，拖欠；9.triggerv.引起;發(fā)動;促使Ifsomethingtriggersaneventorsituation,itcausesittobegintohappenorexist.10.sequencen.一系列;一連串BackgroundInformationThesubprimemortgagecrisisisthereasonforthisfinancialcrisisintheUS.Bankslentloanstopeoplewhowerenotcapableofrepayingtheirloans.Basedontheseloansalotofcomplexfinancialproductswerecreatedandsoldtoalotofpeople.WhentheUSrealestatemarkettookabeating,housepricesstartedcomingdown.Thisresultedinahighnumberofdefaultsonsubprimemortgageloans.Thistriggeredasequenceofeventswhichresultedinlossesinbillionstowhoeverwasinvolvedinthisconfusion.Newwords1.predictionn.預(yù)言；預(yù)告；預(yù)測2.slowdown放慢;放緩3.barreln.（石油工業(yè)中）一桶的量（相當(dāng)于159升）4.hitv.達(dá)到（某一高點或低點）Ifyouhitaparticularhighorlowpointonascaleofsomethingsuchassuccessorhealth,youreachit.NewsItem3Worldeconomicgrowthremainedstrongin2007.TheInternationalMonetaryFundestimatedgrowthatfiveandtwo-tenthspercent.Butpredictionsfor2008callforslowergrowthintheworldeconomy.InOctobertheIMFcutitsestimateforglobalgrowththisyearbyalmosthalfapercentagepoint,tofourandeight-tenthspercent.ThereareworriesofaneconomicslowdownorpossiblyarecessionintheUnitedStates.Themostimportantissuefor2008maybetheAmericanhousingmarket.Anothermajorissuefor2008iswhateffectenergypriceswillhaveoneconomicgrowth.Thepriceofabarrelofoildoubledin2007.Andontheseconddayof2008,thepricehitonehundreddollarsforthefirsttime.Thedollarcontinueditsdropagainstmostmajorcurrenciesin2007.Newwords1.dedicatedadj.專注的，投入的2.superbadj.極好的Section3OralworkPart1Harryisajournalist.HeisinterviewingProfessorThomas,theNobelPrizeWinnerandhiswife.Harry:ProfessorThomas,areyoupleasedwiththePrize?Prof,Thomas:Well,I'msurprisedaboveall.Theprizewascompletelyunexpected.Harry:MrsThomas,areyouhappyaboutit?MrsThomas:Oh,I'mabsolutelydelighted.Harry:ProfessorThomas,doyouenjoybeingfamous?Prof.Thomas:It'sanewexperience.Infact,it'squiteunbelievable.Harry:Doyoufinditdifficulttoworkwithallyourinterviewsandpressconferences?Prof.Thomas:IndeedIdo.Ifinditquiteimpossibletoworkundersuchcircumstances.Harry:Wouldyouliketogiveupworkaltogether?Prof.Thomas:Oh,no.Theideaisutterlyridiculous.MrsThomas:Hecouldn't,evenifhewantedto.He'stotallydedicatedtohiswork.Harry:I'mgladtohearthatbecauseeveryoneisreallydelightedatyoursuccess.Prof.Thomas:Thankyouverymuch.Harry:MrsThomas,ProfessorThomasisabrilliantscientist.What'shelikeasahusband?MrsThomas:Oh,he'squiteremarkableinthisfieldtoo.Harry:Isupposeyouconsideryourselfluckytohaveamanlikethisforyourhusband.MrsThomas:You'reabsolutelyright,Ido.Harry:ProfessorThomas,whatareyourplansforthefuture?Prof.Thomas:Well,theonlyplanIhaveatthemomentistoenjoyareallysuperbdinner.Harry:MrsThomas.Professor,thankyou.Q&AI.WhyisProfessorThomassurprised'?He'ssurprisedbecausethePrizewascompletelyunexpected.2.HowdoesMrsThomasfeelaboutit?She'sabsolutelydelighted.3.DoesProfessorThomasfinditdifficulttoworkatthemoment?Yes,hefindsitquiteimpossible.4.WhatdoesProfessorThomasthinkaboutgivingupwork?Hethinkstheideaisutterlyridiculous.5.WhatdoesMrsThomassayaboutherhusband'sattitudetohiswork?Shesayshe'stotallydedicatedtohiswork.6.WhatisthereactionofeveryonetotheProfessor'ssuccess?Everyoneisreallydelightedathissuccess.7.Whatistheprofessorlikeasahusband'?He'squiteremarkable.8.WhatdoesProfessorThomasplantodonow?Heplanstoenjoyareallysuperbdinner.Newwords1.dentistn.牙科醫(yī)生2.sickadj.惡心的3.cavityn.(牙科)齲洞，蛀牙洞4.achev.疼痛；渴望Part2RetellingThetoothhadbeenbotheringDavidforsometime.Heknewheshouldhavegonetothedentistearlier.Buthealwaysputoffseeingthedentist.YesterdayafternoonDavidwenttoseehisdentistbecausehecouldn'tbearthepainanymore,Davidtoldhimthatthetoothhadkepthimawakethenightbefore.Thenthedentistlookedintohismouth,buthedidnotlookonlyattheonetooth,insteadhelookedthemallover."Hmm,hesaid."I'mafraidseveralofyourteethneedseeingto."Hebegantodescribeexactlywhatneededdoing.Davidlistenedtohimwithakindofsickfeelinginthestomach."Ishouldsaythatatleastfourteethhavecavities.We'llhavetoseetothemimmediately."Davidaskedaboutthetooththathadbeenaching,"Imaybeabletosaveit,"thedentis