2021年山西省呂梁市新絳中學(xué)高一英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析

2021年山西省呂梁市新絳中學(xué)高一英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Youcanusealargerplasticbottle,____iscutoff,____asapottogrowflowersin.A.ofwhichthetop;withit’stop

B.whosetop;withit’stop

C.whosetop;thetopofit

D.thetopofwhich;withit’stop參考答案：B2.HesaidinhisletterthathewasgoingtovisitChina___________andhehadtheidea__________.A.longbefore;beforelong

B.beforelong;longbeforeC.beforelong;soon

D.beforelong;beforelong參考答案：B3.Wewon’t_____otherathletesinthe100-meterraceifwedon’tspendmoretimetraininghard

Acompetefor

Bcompetewith

Ccompetein

Ccompete參考答案：B4.Hewonderedifhecouldslipoutofthelecturehallwithoutanyone

.

A.noticing

B.noticed

C.tonotice

D.beingnoticed參考答案：A略5.Theoldfarmerhastwodaughters,_______iskindtohim,_______makeshimverysad.

A.neitherofwhom;which

B.neitherofthem;whichC.bothofwhom;which

D.bothofwhom;that參考答案：A6.______likely_____wewillhandinthepaperthedayaftertomorrow?

A.Isit;that

B.Isit;whether

C.Isit;what

D.Isit;who參考答案：A21.Tomwasabouttoclosethewindow______hisattentionwascaughtbyabird.A.when

B.if

C.and

D.till參考答案：A略8.Theoldman'sdaughter______homefortenyears.A.haveleft

B.hasleftC.left

D.hasbeenawayfrom參考答案：D考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：那位老人的女兒離開家已有十年了。For+一段時(shí)間不能用leave，因?yàn)閘eave是短暫性動(dòng)詞不能跟一段時(shí)間。所以要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,beaway(from.)可與一段時(shí)間連用。根據(jù)句意可知他的女兒是從十年前到現(xiàn)在一直不在家，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選D。9.Aftertherace____,thecelebrationbegan.A.hadbeenwon

B.iswon

C.willbewon

D.hasbeenwon參考答案：A10.Everypossiblemeans_____beentried，andwefindonly_____thismeanscanwedoitwell．A．have，in

B．have，by

C．has，in

D．has，by參考答案：D11.Theyoungladypretendedtobe____,butinfact,shewasmorethannervouswhenshewasbeingquestioned.A.quiet B.calm

C.silent D.upset參考答案：B12.Thisroom________tobemystudy.Butnowitisusedformysister’sbedroom.A．wasbeingdesigned

B．hasdesignedC．hasbeendesigned

D．wasdesigned參考答案：D略13.Sheisoneofthefewgirlswho_____inthekindergarten.

A.iswellpaid

B.arewellpaid

C.ispayingwell

D.arepayingwell參考答案：B14.______isnopossibility______Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthefootballmatch.A.There;that

B.It;that

C.There;whether

D.It;whether參考答案：A15.Mygrandfatherisas_______asayoungmanandhatessittingarounddoingnothingallday.A.enthusiastic

B.energetic

C.attractive

D.sensitive參考答案：B16.Theengineofthecarwentoutoforderandthebadweather_____thehelplessofthedriver.A.resultedin

B.addedupto

C.addedto

D.resultedfrom

參考答案：C17.Youshould_____moreattentiontotherainforestwhereIliveandappreciate_____theanimalslivetogether.

A.give,why

B.pay,how

C.draw,when

D.take,where參考答案：B18.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraight-forward(正直)，anditdoesn’tmatter

thatI’mtalkingto.A．whoisit

B．whoitis

C．isitwhom

D．itiswhom參考答案：B19.—You______athomethewholeafternoon.Couldyougoshoppingwithmenow?—Noproblem.Waitamoment.A.stay B.hadstayed C.arestaying D.havebeenstaying參考答案：D二、完型填空20.Whatisavegan?Whatisveganism?Veganismisatypeofvegetariandietthat____61___meat,eggs,dairyproductsandallotheranimal-derivedingredients.Manyvegansalsodonoteatfoodsthatare___62___usinganimalproducts,suchasrefinedwhitesugarandsomewines.Vegan___63___eitherapersonwhofollowsthiswasofeating,orthedietitself.Thatis,thewordvegancanbeanadjectiveusedtodescribeafooditem,asin,“Thiscurryisvegan”,or,itcanbeusedasanoun,asin,“Veganslikecookie,too.”Althoughthereissome___64___astowhethercertainfoods,suchashoney,fitintoavegandiet,ifyouarecookingforothervegans,itisbesttobecarefuland___65____thesefoods.Mostvegans___66___thedefinitionofveganismtogobeyondjustfoodandwillalsoavoidtheuseofallpersonalandhouseholdproductstestedonanimals,andavoid____67____andusingallanimal-derivednon-foodproducts,suchasleather,furandwool.Whatdoveganseat?Thisisperhapsthemostcommonquestionaboutveganism.Avegandietincludesgrains,beans,legumes,vegetablesand___68___andthenearlyinfinitenumberoffoodsmadebycombiningthem.____69___,manyveganversionsoffamiliarfoodsareavailable,soyoucaneatveganhotdogs,icecream,cheeseandveganmayonnaisealongwiththemorefamiliarveggieburgers.Manyfoodsare____70____veganism,suchassoymilkandtofu,butmanynon-vegansalsoenjoytofu,andyoucertainlydon’thavetoliketofuinordertoeatvegan.Vegansalsoeatmanyofthesamecommonand____71___everydayfoodswhichjustabouteveryeats.___72___,foodssuchasavegetarianburritowithoutcheeseorsourcreamwouldbevegan,avegetarianThaicurrymadefromcoconutmilkisvegan,pastawithtomatosauceoranothernon-meatandnon-dairysauceisvegan,andmostbreadsarevegan.HowcanIbecomevegan?Soyou’vedecidedtobecomevegan.Butnowwhat?Somepeopleeasilygofromeatingmeattoveganrightaway,whileothersstrugglewiththeirnew___73___,orchoosetogovegetarianfirstandthen___74___omiteggsanddairy.There’snorightorwrongwaytodoit,butyoumaywanttolearnaboutwhat’sworkedforotherpeople.Howeveryoudoit,keepyour____75___inmindandrememberwhyyouarechoosingtoadoptavegandiet.61.A.excludes B.includes C.involves D.favors62.A.enjoyed B.consumed C.processed D.frozen63.A.protestsagainst B.refersto C.complainsabout D.searchesfor64.A.analysis B.reason C.debate D.comment65.A.cook B.choose C.test D.avoid66.A.extend B.apply C.restrict D.offer67.A.controlling B.purchasing C.distributing D.producing68.A.eggs B.cheeses C.hot-dogs D.fruits69.A.Otherwise B.However C.Besides D.Thus70.A.separatedfrom B.ignoredby C.associatedwith D.limitedto71.A.cheap B.familiar C.delicious D.healthy72.A.Asaresult B.Forexample C.Inasense D.Inparticular73.A.joy B.service C.commitment D.trend74.A.slowly B.accidentally C.essentially D.normally75.A.goal B.request C.responsibility D.expense參考答案：61-75．ACBCDABDCCBBCAA這是一篇科普知識(shí)類閱讀，文章主要講的是什么是素食主義者？純素食主義是什么，并在開頭即點(diǎn)明主旨．之后作者解釋了純素食主義是一種排除肉類，蛋類，奶制品和其他所以含有動(dòng)物成分的素食，而且許多嚴(yán)格的素食主義者也不吃那些用動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品加工的食物，不購(gòu)買和使用動(dòng)物非食物產(chǎn)品，比如皮革、毛皮和羊毛．作者還講了有些人很容易就從肉食上過(guò)渡到素食上，然而其他人還在與他們的新的承諾掙扎著，他們可能會(huì)首先選擇素食然后再慢慢的戒掉蛋類和奶制品．最后作者點(diǎn)名了要想成為一名素食主義者，要牢記你的目的并記住你為什么要選擇素餐．61．A推理判斷題．A選項(xiàng)：排除；B選項(xiàng)：包括；C選項(xiàng)：涉及；D選項(xiàng)：支持．Veganismisatypeofvegetariandietthat…meat，eggs，dairyproductsandallotheranimal-derivedingredients．句意為：純素食主義是一種…肉類，蛋類，奶制品和其他所以含有動(dòng)物成分的素食．可知應(yīng)為"排除"肉類等食物的素食．故選A．62．C動(dòng)詞詞義辨析．A選項(xiàng)：享受；B選項(xiàng)：消耗；C選項(xiàng)：處理，加工；D選項(xiàng)：結(jié)冰，凝固．根據(jù)Manyvegansalsodonoteatfoodsthatare…usinganimalproducts許多嚴(yán)格的素食主義者也不吃那些用動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品…的食物，再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，可知應(yīng)為用動(dòng)物食品加工的食物．故選C63．B推理判斷題．A選項(xiàng)：抗議；B選項(xiàng)：引用；C選項(xiàng)：抱怨；D選項(xiàng)：搜索．句意為：嚴(yán)格的素食主義者要么是引用一個(gè)人嚴(yán)格遵守吃的方式或是食物的本身．就是說(shuō)：素食主義者這個(gè)詞可以是一個(gè)用來(lái)表示食物的形容詞…可知故選B．64．C名詞詞義辨析．A選項(xiàng)：分析；B選項(xiàng)：原因；C選項(xiàng)：辯論；D選項(xiàng)：評(píng)論；意見；批評(píng)．句意為：雖然還是有一些像是對(duì)是否是指確切的食物的爭(zhēng)論，比如蜂蜜是否符合純素食．可知故選C．65．D動(dòng)詞詞義辨析．A選項(xiàng)：烹飪；B選項(xiàng)：選擇；C選項(xiàng)：試驗(yàn)；D選項(xiàng)：避免．結(jié)合語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)義，可知句意為：最好是小心避免這些食物，故選D．66．A推理判斷題．A選項(xiàng)：延伸；擴(kuò)大；推廣；B選項(xiàng)：申請(qǐng)；涂，敷；適用；請(qǐng)求；C選項(xiàng)：限制；約束；限定；D選項(xiàng)：提供．句意為：許多素食主義者…素食主義定義指的不僅僅是食物還有避免任何用個(gè)人的和家用產(chǎn)品的在動(dòng)物身上的操作．可知應(yīng)該是擴(kuò)展了它的定義．故選A．67．B動(dòng)詞詞義辨析．A選項(xiàng)：控制；B選項(xiàng)：購(gòu)買；C選項(xiàng)：分配；D選項(xiàng)：生產(chǎn)．結(jié)合語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)義，可知句意為：避免…和使用動(dòng)物非食物產(chǎn)品，比如皮革、毛皮和羊毛．可知應(yīng)該是避免購(gòu)買…，故選B．68．D名詞詞義辨析．A選項(xiàng)：雞蛋；B選項(xiàng)：奶酪；C選項(xiàng)：熱狗；D選項(xiàng)：水果．句意為：素餐可包括谷物、豆類，豆類，蔬菜和…，可知選項(xiàng)中只有水果不是肉類，故選D．69．C推理判斷題．A選項(xiàng)：另外的；其他方面的；B選項(xiàng)：然而；C選項(xiàng)：除此之外；D選項(xiàng)：因此．結(jié)合語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)義，可知此處應(yīng)表示順承關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該是"除此之外，還有"，故選C．70．C詞組辨析題．A選項(xiàng)：分開；B選項(xiàng)：忽視了；C選項(xiàng)：與，有關(guān)聯(lián)，結(jié)交；D選項(xiàng)：限制于．結(jié)合語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)義，意為：還有許多食物和素食相關(guān)聯(lián)，比如豆奶和豆腐．故選C．71．B形容詞詞義辨析．A選項(xiàng)：便宜的；B選項(xiàng)：熟悉的；常見的；C選項(xiàng)：美味的；D選項(xiàng)：健康的．結(jié)合空前面的common可知選項(xiàng)中只有familiar能與之相照應(yīng)，故選B．72．B推理判斷題．A選項(xiàng)：結(jié)果；B選項(xiàng)：比如；C選項(xiàng)：在某種意義上，；D選項(xiàng)：尤其是．根據(jù)空后面的：比如像沒(méi)有奶酪的素食卷餅或者是酸奶酪等食物，可知此處試舉例說(shuō)明，故選B．73．C名詞詞義辨析．A選項(xiàng)：樂(lè)趣；高興；B選項(xiàng)：服務(wù)，服侍；C選項(xiàng)：承諾，保證；D選項(xiàng)：趨勢(shì)，傾向．句意為：有些人很容易就從肉食上過(guò)渡到素食上，然而其他人還在與他們的新的承諾掙扎著，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知答案應(yīng)選C．74．A副詞詞義辨析．A選項(xiàng)：緩慢地；B選項(xiàng)：意外地；偶然地；C選項(xiàng)：本質(zhì)上；本來(lái)；D選項(xiàng)：正常地；通常地．根據(jù)語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)義可知首先選擇素食然后再慢慢的戒掉蛋類和奶制品．故選A．75．A推理判斷題．A選項(xiàng)：目的；B選項(xiàng)：要求；C選項(xiàng)：責(zé)任，；D選項(xiàng)：消費(fèi)；開支．句意為：要牢記你的…并記住你為什么要選擇素餐．可知應(yīng)該是記住你的目的，故選A．【點(diǎn)評(píng)】做完形填空首先要通讀全文，了解大意，一篇完形填空的文章會(huì)有許多空格，所以，必須先通讀一至兩遍，才能大概了解文章內(nèi)容，千萬(wàn)不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致，選擇答案時(shí)，要考慮整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容，包括搭配、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)法等．比如：本篇文章想象中出現(xiàn)了大量的詞組，考查學(xué)生對(duì)詞組的掌握和句子的理解，像refersto引用、associatedwith與，有關(guān)聯(lián)，結(jié)交、Forexample比如等．答案全部填完后，再通讀一遍文章，檢查是否通順流暢了，用詞得當(dāng)，意思正確．21.Asix-year-oldkidwalkedintoacandystorewithhisdadandwassurprisedbysomanycandiesonoffer.“It’samazing.WhatshouldI__16__?”heaskedhimself.“Comeon,son,wedon’thavemuch__17__.Ihavetoattendanimportantmeeting,”hisdadsaid.“Theseareallmy__18__andIdon’tknowwhattochoose.”Hepickedupsomebagsandthenputthem__19__.Hecouldn’tmakeuphismind.“__20__,son,wehavenotime.I’mvery__21__,”hisdadsaid.Sotheboyranaroundthestore__22__again.Hiseyesmovedfromonebagtoanother,__23__allofthesweetslookedsogoodandhecouldn’tmakeuphismind.__24__,thedadhadenough.Hecaughthissonbythehandandthey__25__thestoreempty-handed.Theboy__26__.Hewantedthemall,butendedupwith__27__becasuehecouldn’tchoosejustone.Someofusarethatboy.The__28__isthatcandystore.Wehaveagreatnumberofchoicesavailabletous,butifwedon’tmakea(n)__29__aboutourjobs,education,relationships,marriageorother__30__things,wewillendupempty-handed.Sometimesweworryaboutmakingthe__31__choice.Whatifwe__32__thedirectionthatwetakeandit’stoolatetogoback?Wedon’thaveto__33__this.Howdowe__34__whetheritisgoodornotifwedon’tmakeachoice?Thebigger__35__isthatwemakenodecisionatallandendupgoingnowhereanddoingnothing.16.A.think B.make C.say D.choose17.A.time B.money C.interest D.power18.A.secrets B.favorites C.ideas D.needs19.A.in B.away C.back D.aside20.A.Holdon B.Comeover C.Goon

D.Hurryup21.A.tired B.busy C.fair D.patient22.A.carefully B.quietly C.quickly D.nervously23.A.and B.or C.though

D.but24.A.Luckily B.Certainly C.Finally D.Hopefully25.A.gotholdof B.walkedoutof C.searchedfor D.checkedwith26.A.cried B.waited C.returned D.understood27.A.fun B.fear C.peace D.nothing28.A.sky B.school C.world

D.company29.A.plan B.decision C.guess D.ending30.A.important B.simple C.common D.good31.A.right B.great C.difficult D.wrong32.A.change B.regret C.accept

D.face33.A.worryabout B.dealwith C.lookinto D.workout34.A.doubt B.explain C.know D.expect35.A.danger B.game C.difference D.fact參考答案：16.D17.A18.B19.C20.D21.B22.C23.D24.C25.B26.A27.D28.C29.B30.A31.D32.B33.A34.C35.A試題分析：小男孩無(wú)法做決定買什么糖果，最后空手而歸。這個(gè)故事告訴我們要大膽的去做決定，只有決定了才知道它好不好。16.D考查動(dòng)詞。A.think 思考B.make做 C.say說(shuō)D.choose選擇。有太多的糖果，不知道該如何選擇，故選D。17.A考查名詞。A.time時(shí)間B.money金錢C.interest興趣D.power力量。根據(jù)后文說(shuō)要去參加會(huì)議，故沒(méi)有多少時(shí)間了，選A。18.B考查名詞。A.secrets秘密B.favorites 最喜歡的東西C.ideas 主意D.needs需要。這些都是我最喜歡的，我不知道該如何選擇。19.C考查介詞。A.in在……里面B.away 遠(yuǎn)離C.back 后面D.aside在……在旁邊；根據(jù)后文他無(wú)法決定可知，他拿起袋子，然后又放回去，putback：放回去。故選C。20.D考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。A.Holdon請(qǐng)稍等B.Comeover過(guò)來(lái)C.Goon繼續(xù)D.Hurryup快點(diǎn)。根據(jù)后文的“我們沒(méi)時(shí)間了”，可知此處是催促，快一點(diǎn)，故選D。21.B考查形容詞。A.tired疲勞的B.busy忙碌的C.fair公平的D.patient有耐心的。我很忙的，故選B。22.C考查副詞。A.carefully 小心地B.quietly安靜地C.quickly快速地D.nervously緊張地。根據(jù)前文的催促可知，小男孩快速地環(huán)繞這個(gè)店，選C。29.B考查名詞。A.plan 計(jì)劃B.decision決定C.guess猜D.ending結(jié)束。根據(jù)前文可知此處為做決定，選B。30.A考查形容詞。A.important重要的B.simple簡(jiǎn)單的C.common普通的D.good好的。前面提到的工作，教育，關(guān)系，婚姻，這些都是重要的事情，故選A。31.D考查形容詞。A.right 正確的B.great偉大的C.difficult困難的D.wrong錯(cuò)的。有時(shí)候我們擔(dān)心做出錯(cuò)誤的決定，選D。【名師點(diǎn)睛】完形填空解題技巧巧解完形填空題，考生必須進(jìn)行通篇考慮，掌握大意，綜合所學(xué)詞法、句法和常識(shí)進(jìn)行分析判斷。為幫助考生能更好地解答完形填空題，在這里介紹幾種解題技巧。1.復(fù)現(xiàn)解題法：這類題多為同義詞、近義詞和反義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)或同義詞、近義詞和反義詞異形復(fù)現(xiàn)的形式。這種測(cè)試手法主要是考查考生的整體篇章意識(shí)和上下文推斷能力。2.語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)法：這類題需要考生有較為扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，能夠從句式的結(jié)構(gòu)上辨別出須填相關(guān)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞、連詞、副詞、形容詞或相應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞，當(dāng)然還要考慮到主謂一致的關(guān)系等語(yǔ)法知識(shí)要點(diǎn)。3.語(yǔ)境信息解題法：這類題主要是通過(guò)短文中上下語(yǔ)境所透露的信息進(jìn)行解題，首先要正確理解所給信息，在進(jìn)行合理分析和推斷，這種語(yǔ)境信息一定要遵循邏輯概念，符合運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律，時(shí)態(tài)的交替，以及特殊場(chǎng)合下的應(yīng)急合理判斷。4.固定搭配解題法：這類題與語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)題有點(diǎn)類似，但主要慣用搭配，講究詞與詞的搭配，涉及到關(guān)聯(lián)詞、動(dòng)詞、副詞、形容詞、名詞和短語(yǔ)等。5.邏輯語(yǔ)氣解題法：這類題主要是通過(guò)分了解全文的人物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等信息之后，再分析句子與句子之間的關(guān)系，段落與段落之間的關(guān)系來(lái)解題。這種邏輯語(yǔ)氣主要包含并列、遞進(jìn)、因果、轉(zhuǎn)折和委婉語(yǔ)氣等等。這類題的選項(xiàng)多為連詞、副詞或具有連詞意義的各類短語(yǔ)。三、閱讀理解22.Somepeoplethinkthatasmoreandmorepeoplehavetelevisionsintheirhomes,fewerandfewerpeoplewillbuybooksandnewspapers.WhyreadanarticleinthenewspaperwhentheTVnewscanbringyoutheinformationinafewminutesandwithpictures?Whyreadthelifestoryofafamousmanwhenashorttelevisionprogramcantellyouallthatyouwanttoknow?Televisionhasnotkilledreading,however.Today,newspaperssellinverylargenumbers.Andbooksofeverykindaresoldmorethaneverbefore.Booksarestillacheapwaytogetinformationandenjoyment.Althoughsomebookswithhardcoversareexpensive,manybooksareprintedtodayaspaperbacks（平裝本）,whicharequitecheap.Apaperbackcollectionofshortstories,forexample,isalwayscheaperthananeveningatthecinemaorthetheater,andyoucankeepabookforeverandreaditmanytimes.Booksareawonderfulproviderofknowledgeandpleasureandsometypesofbooksshouldbeineveryhome.Everyhomeshouldhaveagooddictionary.Agoodencyclopedia（百科全書）,thoughexpensive,isuseful,too,becauseyoucanfindinformationonanysubject.Besides,youcanhavesuchbooksashistorybooks,sciencetextbooks,cookbooks,andcollectionsofstoriesandpoems.Thenfromtimetotimeyoucantakeabookofpoemsoffyourshelvesandreadthethoughtsandfeelingsofyourfavoritepoets.13.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.A.TVprogramsareachiefproviderofknowledgeB.cinemasarethebestchoiceingettinginformationC.readingisacheapwayoflearningandhavingfunD.newspapersareanexpensivewaytoenjoyoneself14.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthesecondparagraph“Televisionhasnotkilledreading,however.”suggest?A.Peopleonlyneedreading,though.B.Readingismorefunthantelevision.C.Readingisstillnecessarytoday.D.Watchingtelevisiondoesn’thelpreading.15.Wherecanyouprobablyseethispassage?A.Inatravelbooklet.B.Inasciencereport.C.Inafashionshowmagazine.

D.Inaneducationbookreview.參考答案：13.C14.C15.D15.D推理判斷題。本文是關(guān)于報(bào)紙閱讀，人們獲取信息的，故與教育有關(guān)，有可能出現(xiàn)在教育書評(píng)上，選D?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】推理判斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出一定的推理判斷，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理判斷題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中的某一句話，也可能是某幾句話，所以，推理題的答案只能是根據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即對(duì)原文某一句話或某幾句話所作的同義改寫或綜合。推理判斷題的題干中通常含有infer,suggest,imply,conclude

indicate等標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)。這種題型主要包括細(xì)節(jié)判斷題、態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)推斷題、寫作意圖推斷題、文章出處判斷題和猜測(cè)想象推斷題?？键c(diǎn)：說(shuō)明文閱讀。23.Ifyouwishtobecomeabetterreader,herearefourimportantthingstoremember