2021-2022學(xué)年吉林省松原市油田高級中學(xué)高二（上）期初英語試卷（附答案詳解）

2021-2022學(xué)年吉林省松原市油田高級中學(xué)高二（上）期初英語

試卷

A

Anationalparkiscreatedforthepurposeofconservation.YellowstoneNationalParkintheUSwasthe

firstnationalparkintheworld.Herearesomeothernationalparksintheworld.

NortheastGreenlandNationalPark,Denmark

Thenationalparkisthelargestoneintheworld.ltcoversanareaof927,000km.Itisalsothemost

northemnationalparkintheworld.

Around5,000to15,000muskoxen（麝香牛）aswellaspolarbearsliveinthepark.Someofthebirds

alsolivethere.

GreatBarrierReefMarinePark,Australia

Theparkisthesecondlargestnationalparkintheworld.ltprotectsalargepartofAustralia'sGreatBarrier

Reeffrombeingdamagedinanyway.

Allcommercialshipsmuststayonspecificshippingroutesthatavoidthemostsensitiveareasofthe

park.TheGreatBarrierReefhastheworld'slargestnumberofcoralsandothersealife.

GreatLimpopoTransfrontierPark,Mozambique

Thisnationalparkcoversanareaof99,800km2.Itjoinssomeofthefamouswildlifeareasinsouthern

Africaintoahugeconservationarea.

In2006,theGiriyondotouristaccessbetweentheLimpopoandKrugernationalparkswasopened.There

were5,000animalsmovingfromKrugertoLimpopoNationalPark,includingover1,000elephants.

WoodBuffaloNationalPark,Canada

Theparkwascreatedin1922toprotectthewoodbison（森林野牛）whosepopulationhaddroppedfrom

40millionin1830tolessthan1,000by1900.

Theparkconsistsof44,807squarekilometersofnorthemplains.ltisalsotheworld'sonlynaturalliving

placeofthecranes（鶴）.

1.Whichofthefollowingistheearliestnationalpark?

A.WoodBuffaloNationalPark.

B.GreatLimpopoTransfrontierPark.

C.NortheastGreenlandNationalPark.

D.YellowstoneNationalPark.

2.WhatcanyouseeinGreatBarrierReefMarinePark?

A.Someseaanimals.B.Alotofpolarbears.

C.Manycranes.D.Hundredsofelephants.

3.WhatdoweknowaboutGreatLimpopoTransfrontierPark?

A.Ithasanareaof44,807km2.B.Itishometothewoodbison.

C.ItliesinsouthernAfrica.D.Itisthelargestnationalpark.

B

Asarider,AnnaKiesenhofe'sOlympicsvictorymightbeasurprise.Thewinneroftheroadraceatthe

TokyoOlympicsleftthesportattheendof2017whenshefoundherselfoutofcontract（合同）.Shecame

intoTokyowithoutaprofessionalteamandleftasanOlympicchampion.

The30-year-oldbeganhercyclingcareerin2014afterrunninginjuriesthatpreventedherfromcontinuing

herpursuitsoftriathlon（鐵人三項）.ShelaterjoinedaCatalanteamandwontheSpanishNationalCup

in2016.

Thethen26-year-oldsignedherfirstprofessionalcontractwithLottoSoudalLadiesforthefollowing

season.However,sheendedher2017campaigninAprilanddidnotsignacontractfor2018,eventually

takingayearoffthebike.In2019,Kiesenhofercamebacktothesportasarider,winningtheAustrian

nationalroadrace.Despiteherresults,Kiesenhofersillhadnoprofessionalcontractwhilegoingintothe

TokyoOlympics.

KiesenhoferwasthefirstridertoattackintheOlympicroadrace,eventuallyformingabreakawayalong

withCarlOberholzer,OmerShapira,VeraLooserandAnnaPlichta,whichwentontoreachagapof11

minutes.AfterLooserandOberholzerweredropped,Kiesnhoferatacedhertworemainingbreakaway

companions.

AfterShapiraandPlichtawerecaughtbythepeloton（主車群）,therestoftheridersseemedtobelieve

thattheywereracingamongthemselvesforGold,notknowingthatRemehoferewasstillinfront.Whileit

mightbeamisjudgmentfromtherestofthepelotonthatallowedKiesenhofertokeepherleadofmore

thantwominutes,otherriders*mistakesshouldnotdetractfromtheAustrian'sefforts.

Offthebike,thenewOlympicChampionhasaPhDinmathematicsafterstudyingattheTechnical

UniversityofVienneaswellasatCambridgeUniversity.ShecurrentlyworksattheUniversityof

Lausanne.

4.WhydidAnnagiveuptriathlon?

A.Shegotinjured.B.Shelostinterestinit.

C.Shehadtoattenduniversity.D.Sheneverwonamedal.

5.Whichistherightorderofthefollowingevents?

①Sheendedhercampaign.

②Shetookayearoffthebike.

③Shebeganhercyclingcareer.

@ShewontheAustriannationalroadrace.

⑤ShewontheSpanishNationalCup.

A.③④①②⑤.B.②③④①⑤.C.③⑤①②④.D.④②③①⑤.

6.WhatweretheridersofthepelotonunawareofattheTokyoOlympics?

A.Theroadracewassodifficult.B.Annawasanewrider.

C.TheyhadcaughtupwithAnna.D.Annatooktheleadofthem.

7.WhatisAnna'spresentjob?

A.Acyclingcoach.B.Auniversityteacher.

C.Aprofessionalrider.D.Acollegestudent.

c

In2009,MarinaRoss,apsychologistattheUK'sUniversityofPortsmouth,conductedexperimentsin

whichshetickled（使發(fā)癢）monkeys.Themonkeysrespondedbylaughing.

Ross,whostudieslaughter,suggestswegetourabilitytolaughfromhumansandmonkeys*common

ancestors,whichlived10to16millionyearsago.

Nowherlateststudygoesastepfurther,showingthatmonkeysdisplay"laughfaces"-smilingwithteeth

bared-withorwithoutactuallaughter.

''Thisshowsthatmonkeyscancommunicateinclearerandmoreversatile（多樣化的）waysthanwe

thought,"shesays."It'ssimilartohowpeoplemaysmilesilentlywhiletalkingorlaughing."

JaakPanskepp,apsychologistatWashingtonStateUniversityinPullman,hasfoundthattickledratsmake

happynoises.Whenscientiststickledtherats,theymadethesamesoundsthatuseduringplay.Someofthe

labratslikedbeingtickledsomuchthattheyfollowedthehandthattickledthem.

SincethenPanskeppandhiscolleagueshaveshownthatstudyingplayisseriousbusiness.They^efound

thatthepartsofrats'brainresponsibleforlaughtercanbeusedtostudyhumanemotion.He'salsofound

sevenbasicemotionalsystemshousedinthesameareasofhumanbrains.

Hisresearchhasevenhelpedfightdepressioninpeople.Oneantidepressant（抗抑郁劑）inclinicaltrials,

calledGLYX-13,hasitsrootsinthestudyofratlaughter.

nWethinkofratsandmonkeysassmart,butintelligenceisn'tarequirementforlaughter.*'Pankseppadds.

"Maybeoneshouldlookatittheotherwayaround,sinceit'spossiblethatplayinanyspeciescanincrease

socialintelligence."

“Soidentifyingotheranimalsthatlaugh,"hesays,“maybeamatteroflisteningtothesoundstheymake

whilehavingfun."

Whoknows?Onedaywemaydiscoveranactualsillygoosethatlaughs.

8.WhatdoesRoss*slateststudyshow?

A.Humansandmonkeyshavecommonancestors.

B.Monkeyscansmilelikehumanbeings.

C.Monkeyscommunicatemainlybylaughing.

D.Monkeyslikebeingtickled.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"inparagraph5referto?

A.Scientists.B.Monkeys.

C.Rats.D.Panskeppandhiscolleagues.

10.WhatisknownaboutPanskeppandhiscolleagues'research?

A.Itcanimproverats'intelligence.

B.Itcanhelppeopleovercomedepression.

C.Itcanfindoutthesmartestanimals.

D.Itcanunderstandthecauseofratlaughter.

11.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.DoLabRatsHaveDepression?

B.IsIntelligenceaRequirementforLaughter?

C.DoAnimalsLaugh?

D.IsStudyingPlaySeriousBusiness?

D

Forthegeneralpublicconfusedbytheheateddiscussiononhumancloning,ACloneofYourOwn?does

anadmirablejobinexplainingmanyoftheethical（倫理的）andscientificproblems.Drawingfrom

literature,thevisualarts,filmsandherpersonalexperiences,ArleneJudithKlotzkohascreatedan

overviewofcloning.

KlotzkotellsusabouttheearlyexperimentsthatAristotledidwithchickenembryos（胚胎）；abouta

Germanscientist,HansSpemann,whofiguredoutthetheoryofcloningsomesixtyyearsbeforewe

actuallysucceededincloning；aboutDolly,thefirstclonedsheepatEdinburgh'sRoslinInstitute；and

aboutthecurrentsuccessesandfailuresinattemptstocloning.

Thebookpaintsapictureofhumancloningasaworthwhilejob.Klotzkolistsmanypotentialbenefitsthat

cloningcouldhave.Shealso,followingseveralothers,makesclearmanyofthecommon

misunderstandingconcerningcloning,andputsinplainwordsthelimitedeffectthatgeneshaveon

shapingthekindofpeoplewebecome.

ACloneofYourOwn?providesclearexplanationsofboththebasicscientificandethicalproblems

surroundingcloning.Klotzkoappearstohavedrawnonawiderangeofpublishedworkontheethicsof

cloning,andmakesalargenumberoftheargumentsintheliteratureinthisshortbook.However,readers

whoareunawareoftheliteraturemaybeleftwiththeimpressionthatKlotzkoisthefirstandtheonly

persontohavewrittenontheethicsofcloning,whichisfarfromthecase.ltisapitythattheauthorandthe

publisherhaveprovidedsolittlereferencetotheethicsliteratureandgivensolittlesignthattheyareaware

ofit.Whetherone'sinterestliesinthescienceortheethicsofcloning,theshortlistoffurtherreading

providedattheendofthebookisunhelpfulandmisleading.

Butthiswarningaside,thedrawingsinthisbookandKlotzko'swordsmakethebookhighly

approachable.Thepublicwhowouldliketounderstandwhatthedebateonhumancloningisshouldread

thisbook.

12.WhatdoesKlotzkotellusinACloneofYourOwn?

A.Aristotlegavethetheoryofcloning.

B.Dollyistheearliestclonedanimal.

C.Spemannclonedthefirstsheep.

D.Cloningisaheatedtopic.

13.WhatisKlotzko'sattitudetowardscloning?

A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Uninterested.D.Doubtful.

14.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?

A.Klotzkoisthefirsttowriteontheethicsofcloning.

B.Publishersofferreferencetoethicsliterature.

C.Thelistoffurtherreadingprovidedinthebookishelpful.

D.Klotzkomakeslotsofargumentsintheliterature.

15.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.Torecommendabook.B.Toexplainaproblem.

C.Torememberawriter.D.Tointroduceadiscussion.

ThestoryofhowIgotmyjobwasafunnyone.

LastMonday,!wascyclingalongastreettoaninterviewwhenablackcarsuddenlycutin.Withanother

carcomingintheotherdirection.!hadtobrakehardandknockedanothercyclist.(1)1becameangryand

cycledasfastaspossibletothedriveroftheblackcartotellhimhowIconsideredhim.Itoldhimwhata

baddriverIthoughthewasandthathewasarisktootherpeopleontheroad.(2)Iwarnedhimnottodrive

carelesslyinthefuturesothateveryoneelsecouldenjoyalonglife.

(3)Havingwalkedintotheroom,tomyastonishment,!foundoneofthethreeinterviewershappenedtobe

thedriveroftheblackcar.Welookedateachotherforawhile.keepingsilent.(4)Ilaughedandtoldhim

thatItalkedmuchthelasttimewemetandthathistimeitwashisturntotalkagreatdeal.Lostinthought

forawhile,hefoundthatIwasnotgoingtosayanythingabouthisbaddriving.Theinterviewwentwell.(5)

Iwaspleasedthatthemanager-thedriveroftheblackcar,didn'tmindmyrudenesstohim.Throughthe

experience,!findsomethingthatseemsimpossibleatfirstturnsouttobegood.

A.Hisfaceturnedred.

B.Iwasintimefortheinterview.

C.Webothfell,butluckilyneitherofuswashurt.

D.Twodayslater,!receivedaletterofferingmethejob.

E.IthoughtIhadbetterwaitandseewhatwouldhappen.

F.Hemadeanapologytomeanddroveawayimmediately.

G.ThenIdecidedtolookonthewholematterasagreatjoke.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

Monthsago,MattpostedaboutstartingaThankYouThursdayRevolution.He(21}readerstowriteaThank

YouNoteeveryThursday.

(22)1readMatt'spost,Ihavedelivered(遞送)ahandwrittenThankYounotetosomeoneinmycompany

every(23).Inmostcases,Ileavethe(24)inthecompanymailbox.Occasionally(偶爾地)，Idropanote

onsomeone's(25)attheendoftheday.Ineachcase,Ihaven'tmadeabigdealoutofthedelivery.Ihave

alwayswaiteduntiltheendofthedayto(26)thenote.

Inmostcases,thenotesare(27)thenextday,Sometimesittakesaweekortwo,Andtheresponse(反

應(yīng))hasbeen(28).Mycolleagueshavecomeuptomeafterreceivingtheirnotesand(29)theirsurpriseand

thanks.Theyare(3O)thatsomeonewouldrecognizetheiractionsandattitudesintheoffice.

Monthsago,we(31)ayoungmaninourdepartment.His(32)istoordercellphonesandsetthemupfor

employeesthroughoutour(33).lreallyappreciated(感激)hispositiveattitudeinproviding(34)forme.

Thenextday,Iwrotehimathankyounotethankingfor(35)Imentionedabove,Oneweeklater,he(36)the

messageinhismailbox.AsIwaswalking(37)theoffice,InoticedthathehadhisThankYounote(38)on

thedeskinhisoffice.Laterthatday,hecameupand(39)meforthankinghim.Youshouldhaveseenhis

face.Itseemedthathehadbeen(40)abigprize.

21.A.promisedB.suggestedC.encouragedD.warned

22.A.SinceB.WhenC.ThoughD.If

23.A.FridayB.ThursdayC.TuesdayD.Monday

24.A.giftB.phoneC.noteD.book

25.A.handB.bedC.shelfD.desk

26.A.welcomeB.sendC.receiveD.gather

27.A.admittedB.rememberedC.keptD.discovered

28.A.amazingB.suddenC.patientD.regular

29.A.concernedB.expressedC.saidD.spoke

30.A.interestedB.confusedC.happyD.curious

31.A.firedB.cameacrossC.livedwithD.employed

32.A.jobB.gameC.trainingD.rule

33.A.weekendB.officeC.houseD.holiday

34.A.moneyB.chanceC.supportD.challenge

35.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what

36.A.pickedupB.turnedupC.madeupD.broughtup

37.A.throughB.acrossC.awayD.outof

38.A.writtenB.avoidedC.showedD.missed

39.A.providedB.thankedC.respectedD.read

40.A.passedB.taughtC.paidD.awarded

41.Theworld'soldestknownwildbirdisa70-year-oldalbatross(信天翁)(1)(name)

Wisdom.Sincelastfall,sheandhermate(2)(sit)onanegg.Lastmonth，theirchickhatched

(孵化).

TheMidwayAtoll(環(huán)礁)(3)(make)upoftwosmallislandsinthePacificOcean.(4)

areaishometoabout3millionseabirds.About1.3millionofthesebirdsareLaysan

albatrosses,likeWisdomAlbatrossesarehugebirds-theirwingsmeasurearound2meters.

In1956.whenWisdomwasaboutfive,shewasbandedbyascientist,ChandlerRobbins.In2002,

whenMrRobbinsreturnedtoMidway,hewas(5)(excite)tofindWisdomagainand

realizedshewasoverfifty.

Albatrossesnormallyhavejustonepartner.ButWisdomhaslivedsolong(6)shehashad

severalpartners.Akeakamaihasbeenherpartnersincearound2012.Ittakessomuchefforttohatch

anegg(7)raiseachickthatmanyalbatrossesonlylayoneeggeveryotheryear.

WisdomlaidhermostrecentegginlateNovemberoflastyear.Sincethen,sheandAkeakamaihad

taken(8)(turn)sittingontheeggandkeepingitwarm.ThechickarrivedonFebruary

2.

NowWisdomandAkeakamaiarekeepingbusy,(9)(take)longtripsovertheseatogather

foodfortheirchick.Thesetripscanlastfordaysandcancoverasmuchas1,600

kilometers.ScientiststhinkWisdom^ageandexperienceare(10)(possible)helpingkeep

hersafeonthesetrips.

42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有

10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（八），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

IaskedmydadifIhadevermadehimcryago.Hesaid,MOnce."Hetoldmethatonmyfirstbirthday,

he

laidoutapen,adollarandatoyinfrontme.HewantedtoseethatIwouldpick.Ithinkthatalotof

Chinese

peopletodothat.ltrepresentswhatyou'llvaluemostingrowup.Forexamples,thepenisintelligence,

moneyiswealth，andthetoyisfun.Tohissuiprised，Ijustsatthereandstaredattheitems.Afterthe

while,Ipushedeverythingasideandwentrightintohisarms.Hedidn'trealizethatheisoneofthe

choices.Andthatwasthefirst,andtheonlytimethatIhadmadehercry.

43.假定你是李華，你的英國網(wǎng)友Tom即將參加一個主題為“Lifeinthefuture”的演講比賽，來

信和你探討對未來生活的設(shè)想。就此請你用英語給他回封信。內(nèi)容包括：

1.飲食方面；

2.交通方面；

3.教育方面。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、A、C

【解析】（1）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的

YellowstoneNationalParkintheUSwasthefirstnationalparkintheworld.（美國的黃石國家公園是

世界上第一個國家公園。）可知，最早的國家公園是美國的黃石國家公園。故選D。

（2）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章GreatBarrierReefMarinePark,Australia部分中的

TheGreatBairierReefhastheworld'slargestnumberofcoralsandothersealife.（大堡礁有世界上最

大數(shù)量的珊瑚和其它類海洋生物。）可知，在大堡礁海底公園可以看到一些海洋動物。故選A。

（3）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章GreatLimpopoTransfrontierPark,Mozambique部分中的

ItjoinssomeofthefamouswildlifeareasinsouthernAfricaintoahugeconservationarea.（它把南非有

名的野生動物區(qū)聯(lián)合在一起組成了一個巨大的自然保護區(qū)。）可知，莫桑比克大林波波跨國公園

是位于南非。故選C。

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要向讀者介紹4個世界上著名的國家公園。

1.直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達上與原文基本一致

的題目。2.間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達上與原文有差異，

做題時需要對原文信息進行轉(zhuǎn)換。3.綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原

文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的

信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。

4~7.【答案】A、C^D、B

【解析】（1）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中The30-yearoldbeganhercyclingcareerin2014after

runninginjuriesthatpreventedherfromcontinuingherpursuitsof

triathlon（鐵人三項）.（30歲的她在2014年開始了自己的

自行車生涯，此前她因跑步受傷，無法繼續(xù)進行鐵人三項。）可知，Anna放棄鐵人三項是因為她

受傷了。故選A項。

（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中However,sheendedher2017campaigninAprilanddidnotsigna

contractfor2018,eventuallytakingayearoffthebike.（然而，

她在4月結(jié)束了2017年的運動，并沒有簽署2018年的合同，最終停了一年騎自行車）可知她結(jié)

束了運動是在2017年4月并且2018年停了一年騎自行車；第二段中The30-yearoldbeganher

cyclingcareerin2014.（30歲的她在2014年開始了自己的自行車生涯。）可知她在

2014年開始了自己的自行車生涯；第三段中In2019,Kiesenhofercamebacktothesportasa

rider,winningtheAustriannationalroadrace.（2019年，Kiesenhofer以

騎手身份重返這項運動，贏得了奧地利國家公路賽。）可知她在2019年贏得了奧地利國家公路賽；

第二段中ShelaterjoinedaCatalanteamandwontheSpanishNationalCup

in2016.（后來，她加入了一支加泰羅尼亞隊，并在2016年贏得了西班

牙國家杯。）可知她在2016年贏得了西班牙國家杯。因此先后順序應(yīng)該是③⑤①②④。故選C

項。

（3）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中AfterShapiraandPlichtawerecaughtbythe

peloton,therestoftheridersseemedtobelievethattheywereracingamong

themselvesforGold,notknowingthatRemehoferewasstillin

front.（在Shapira和Plichta被主車群追趕上來后，

其余的車手似乎都以為他們是在互相競爭，爭奪金牌，卻不知道Remehofere還在前面。）可知，

在東京奧運會上，車隊的車手們沒意識到Anna領(lǐng)先在他們前面。故選D項。

（4）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一"段Offthebike,thenewOlympicChampionhasaPhDinmathematics

afterstudyingattheTechnicalUniversityofVienneaswellasatCambridgeUniversity.Shecurrently

worksattheUniversityof

Lausanne.（離開自行車上后,

這位新的奧運冠軍擁有維也納技術(shù)大學(xué)和劍橋大學(xué)的數(shù)學(xué)博士學(xué)位。她目前在洛桑大學(xué)工作。）

可知，Anna目前是一名大學(xué)老師。故選B項。

文章介紹了自行車車手AnnaKiesenhofe在2014年至2020年期間參加奧運會等騎行活動的情況

以及目前她的工作。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對

未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局做出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事

例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點。

8~11.【答案】B、C、B、C

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段"Ross,whostudieslaughter,

suggestswegetourabilitytolaughfromhumansandmonkeys*commonancestors,

whichlived10to16millionyearsago."（研究笑的Ross認(rèn)為，我們的笑能力來自于人類和猴子的共

同祖先，他們生活在1000萬到1600萬年前）和第三段Nowherlateststudygoesast叩further,

showingthatmonkeysdisplay“l(fā)aughfaces*'-smilingwithteethbared-withorwithoutactuallaughter.

（現(xiàn)在，她的最新研究又進了一步，表明猴子會表現(xiàn)出“笑臉”一露出牙齒微笑一有或沒有真正的

笑）可推知Ross的最新研究表明了猴子能像人一樣笑。故選B。

（2）詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第五段Whenscientiststickledtherats,

theymadethesamesoundsthat___useduringplay.Someofthelabratslikedbeingtickledsomuchth

attheyfollowedthehandthattickledthem.（當(dāng)科學(xué)家給老鼠撓癢時，它們發(fā)出了和玩耍時一樣的聲

音。一些實驗鼠非常喜歡被撓癢癢，以至于它們會跟著被撓癢癢的那只手走）可知"hey”指的是老

鼠。故選C。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段

Hisresearchhasevenhelpedfightdepressioninpeople.Oneantidepressant（抗抑郁劑）inclinicaltrials,

calledGLYX-13,hasitsrootsinthestudyofratlaughter.（他的研究甚至幫助人們對抗抑郁癥。臨床

試驗中的一種叫做GLYX-13的抗抑郁藥起源于對老鼠笑聲的研究）可知關(guān)于Panskepp和他的同

事的研究，我們知道它可以幫助人們克服抑郁。故選B。

（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二

段"Soidentifyingotheranimalsthatlaugh,"hesays,"maybeamatteroflisteningtothesoundsth

eymakewhilehavingfun."（他說"所以識別其他會笑的動物，可能只是在玩耍時聽聽它們發(fā)出的聲

音?！保┙Y(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，可知這篇文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家們對動物笑聲的研究。C選項"動物笑嗎”

最適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選C。

這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家們對動物笑聲的研究。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在

十分有限的時間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順

序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案：而主觀判斷題考查的是對

文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。

其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關(guān)信息

進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，

研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖

掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer,imply,suggest,

indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，

掌握或認(rèn)識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會“順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因

果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

12~15.【答案】B、A、D、A

【解析】（1）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的

KlolzkotellsusabouttheearlyexperimentsthatAristotledidwithchickenembryos（胚胎）；

aboutaGermanscientist.HansSpemann,

whofiguredoutthetheoryofcloningsomesixtyyearsbeforeweactuallysucceededincloning；

aboutDolly,thefirstclonedsheep,andotherworkatEdinburgh'sRoslinInstitute；

andaboutthecurrentsuccessesandfailuresinattemptstocloning.（Klotzko告訴我們關(guān)于亞里士多德

對雞胚胎的實驗；關(guān)于德國科學(xué)家HansSpemann在我們成功地克隆前提出了的克隆的理論；關(guān)于

多利，愛丁堡羅斯林研究所第一只克隆羊，以及其它工作；以及當(dāng)前克隆嘗試的成功和失敗。）

可知，Klotzko在這本書中告訴我們多莉是最早的克隆動物。故選B。

（2）A.情感態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段的

Thebookpaintsapictureofhumancloningasaworthwhilejob.Klotzkolistsvariouspotentialbenefitst

hatcloningcouldhave.（這本書把克隆人描繪成一項有價值的工作。Klotzko列出了克隆技術(shù)可能

帶來的各種潛在好處。）可知，作者對克隆技術(shù)持樂觀的態(tài)度。A.Positive.積極樂觀的；B.Negative.

消極的；C.Uninterested.不感興趣的：D.DoubtfuL懷疑的。故選A。

（3）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的

Whetherone'sinterestliesinthescienceortheethicsofcloning,

theshortlistoffurtherreadingprovidedattheendofthebookisunhelpfulandmisleading（無論一個人

的興趣是克隆的科學(xué)層面還是克隆的倫理，本書末尾提供的簡短的進一步閱讀清單是沒有幫助的，

而且具有誤導(dǎo)性。）可知這是提出的論點，我們可以從第4段中得知Klotzko在文獻中提出了許

多論點。故選D。

（4）A.目的意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段

Thepublicwhowouldliketounderstandwhatthedebateonhumancloningisallaboutshouldreadthis

book.（想了解關(guān)于人類克隆的爭論是關(guān)于什么的公眾應(yīng)該讀這本書。）可知作者介紹這本書的目

的在于推薦這本書。A.Torecommendabook.推薦一本書；B.Toexplainaproblem.解釋一個問題；

C.Torememberawriter.記住—f■作家；D.Tointroduceadiscussion.介紹討論。故選A。

本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一本關(guān)于克隆的書。

I.直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達上與原文基本一致

的題目。2.間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達上與原文有差異，

做題時需要對原文信息進行轉(zhuǎn)換。3.綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原

文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的

信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。

16~20.【答案】C、A、G、B、D

【解析】（1）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文"Withanothercarcomingintheotherdirection」hadtobrake

hardandknockedanothercyclist（另一輛車從另一個方向開過來，我不得不急剎車，撞倒了另-一個

騎自行車的人）”可知，上文提到作者撞到了騎自行車的人，可知本句承接上文繼續(xù)說明相撞之后

的事情：我們都跌倒了，但幸運的是沒有人受傷。故C選項”我們都跌倒了，但幸運的是沒有人受

傷”符合語境，故選c。

（2）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文"Ibecameangryandcycledasfastaspossibletothedriveroftheblackcar

totellhimhowIconsideredhim.ItoldhimwhatabaddriverIthoughthewasandthathewasariskto

otherpeopleontheroad.（我很生氣，以最快的速度騎到那輛黑色汽車的司機那里，告訴他我是如

何看待他的。我告訴他，我認(rèn)為他是一個多么糟糕的司機，他會對路上的其他人構(gòu)成威脅）""以

及后文”Iwarnedhimnottodrivecarelesslyinthefuturesothateveryoneelsecouldenjoyalonglife.（我

警告他以后開車不要粗心，這樣其他人都能長壽）"可知，上文提到作者嚴(yán)厲責(zé)備了汽車司機，可

知本句應(yīng)承接上文說明司機對此的反應(yīng)。故A選項"他的臉變紅了”符合語境，故選A。

（3）B.段落大意題。根據(jù)后文"Havingwalkedintotheroom,tomyastonishment,!foundoneofthethree

interviewershappenedtobethedriveroftheblackcar（走進房間后，我驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)三個面試官中的

一個恰好是那輛黑色轎車的司機）"可知，后文提到作者走近了面試的房間，可知作者趕上了工作

面試。故B選項”我及時趕上了面試”符合語境，故選B。

（4）G.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文"Havingwalkedintotheroom,tomyastonishment,!foundoneofthethree

inlerviewershappenedtobethedriveroftheblackcar.Welookedateachotherforawhile,keepingslient

（走進房間后，我驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)三個面試官中的一個恰好是那輛黑色轎車的司機。我們面面相覷了

一會兒，保持沉默）”以及后文"IlaughedandtoldhimthatItalkedmuchthelasttimewemetandthatthis

timeitwashisturntotalkagreatdeal（我笑了，告訴他上次見面時我說了很多,這次輪到他說了）

"可知，本句應(yīng)當(dāng)是在說明作者再次見到那個司機后決定采取何種態(tài)度