高考英語一輪復習之非謂語動詞（二）課件

非謂語動詞非謂語動詞作定語---不定式（1）

不定式todo表將來Thecartobeboughtisforhissister.

tobedone將來被動（2）用來修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級或no，all，any等限定的中心詞Hewasthebestmantodothejob.ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.（3）有些名詞的同根詞常跟不定式，它們也跟不定式作定語。常見的有：promise，plan，attempt，decision，refusal，ability，chance，warning，anxiety等。（抽象名詞）one'spromise/plan/ability...todomakeanattempttodo試圖做某事haveachancetodo有機會做Idon'ttrusthispromisetolovemeforever.Hepromisedtolovemeforever.

動名詞做定語，表示物體的用途動名詞一般為名詞性，很少做定語，一般都是幾種特殊的情況，都用來表示所修飾名詞的用途，例：sleepingbag睡袋walkingstick拐杖drinkingwater飲用水swimmingpool游泳池非謂語動詞作定語---動名詞不定式、動名詞和分詞作定語的區(qū)別todo

將來tobedone

被動，將來doing主動，正在進行done被動，完成beingdone

被動，正在進行v-ing--正在進行v-ed--已經完成boilingwater沸騰的水（表正在進行）boiledwater開水（表完成）fallingleaves正在下落的葉子（表正在進行）fallenleaves已經落下的葉子（表完成）developingcountries發(fā)展中國家（表正在進行）developedcountries發(fā)達國家（表完成）plannedtokeeptobesolvedsupportingbought非謂語動詞作狀語---不定式1.動詞不定式作狀語，表示目的、原因等（1）作目的狀語,inordertodo,soastodo為了，以便Wewillcontinueourcampaigntopreventandcontrolairpollutiontomakeourskiesblueagain.（2）作原因狀語，此時常與表示情感的形容詞連用，如glad，happy，frightened，surprised等。Iwasfrightenedtofindthatinfrontofmydoorsatadog.（3）作結果狀語，

enoughtodo足以...too...to...太...而不能...onlytodo...卻/竟然...（onlytofind）意料之外的結果I'mtootiredtostayupanylonger.Thesefactsareenoughtoprovethatsheisright.Ihurriedtoschoolonlytofindthattheclassisover.

非謂語動詞作狀語---分詞1.動詞-ing形式作狀語，與句子主語之間存在主動關系。

2.過去分詞作狀語，與句子主語之間存在被動關系。形式用法doing主動，動作同時發(fā)生havingdone主動，先于謂語動詞發(fā)生的動作done被動，表完成beingdone被動，同時發(fā)生某些動詞的過去分詞已經形容詞化，且往往用于一些系表結構中，此時這些過去分詞既不表示被動，也不表示完成，而表示一種狀態(tài):如lost（迷路的），seated（坐著的），lost/absorbedin（沉溺于），dressedin（穿著……的），tiredof（對……感到厭倦的）,confused（混亂的、亂七八糟的；困惑的、惶惑的）等,located（位于……的）......Absorbedinhisbook，hedidn'tnoticemeentertheroom.LocatedonMainStreet,themarketwasalwaysbusy.Lostindeepthought,themanstaredblankly.題組訓練1.Anxiously，shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,only

（find）itdidn'tfit.2.Clearlyandthoughtfully

（write），thebookinspiresconfidenceinstudentswhowishtoseektheirownanswers.3.Groupactivitieswillbeorganizedafterclass

(help)childrendevelopteamspirit.4.

（spend）thepastyearasanexchangestudentinHongKong，Lindaappearsmorematurethanthoseofherage.5.Theteenagerdoespart-timejobsduringvacations,

(earn)60-70yuaneveryday.6.Heissuprised

(know)thathepassedtheexam.tofindwrittentohelpHavingspentearningtoknow有些非謂語動詞短語已經游離出來，成為固定短語，當作插入語使用。句子的主語與它們不存在邏輯上的一致關系。寫作法寶totellyouthetruth實話說；tobehonest/frank老實/坦白說generally/franklyspeaking一般說來/坦白說;nottomention…更不用說……needlesstosay不用說；considering…鑒于/考慮到……;judgingby/from…從……來看providingthat…假定……;accordingto…依據(jù)……獨立分詞作狀語獨立主格結構非謂語動詞作狀語時，邏輯主語應與句子主語保持一致。但有時非謂語動詞帶有自己的邏輯主語，在句子中作狀語，稱之為獨立主格結構。構成：名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/不定式Thetestfinished，webeganourholiday.（=Whenthetestwasfinished）,...Weatherpermitting，wearegoingtovisityoutomorow.（=Ifweatherpemits）,...spreadingflyinggivenconsideredfinishedholding1.后接不定式作補語的動詞ask,beg,expect,get,

advise,order,tell,want,wish,encourage,allow，cause，forbid，force，invite，persuade，prefer，remind，require，teach，warn，wish...Thedoctorwarnedhimnottoeattoomuchmeat.

Youarenotallowedtosmokehere.注意：think，consider，believe，feel，find，imagine，prove，judge等后常用tobe作賓補。Peopleconsideredhimtobeagreatleader.Heimagineshimselftobeahandsomeman.非謂語動詞作賓補二、非謂語動詞作感官動詞（詞組）、使役動詞的賓補1.感官動詞（詞組）（五看二聽一感覺）

see,watch,observe,lookat,notice,hear,listento,feel賓補有四種形式，以see為例：see...dosth.看見……做了……（全程）see...doingsth.看見……正做…….see...beingdone看見……正在被做see...done看見……被做IheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.IheardanEnglishsongbeingsungbyalittlegirlwhenI...1.Hewasseen_________(cross)theroad.(整個過程)2.Hewasseen__________(cross)theroad.(正在發(fā)生)3.Themissingboyswerelastseen_________(play)neartheriver.4.Isawhim__________(run)acrossthestreet,andstoppedbeforeashop.5.Ifeltanant_________(climb)overmyleg.6.Whenwewenthome,wefoundthedoor______(lock).7.Wecanhearthewindows___________(beat)bytheheavyraindrops.8.Theyfeltthemselves_________(cheat).

crosscrossingplayingrunclimbinglockedbeatencheated使役動詞make,let,have,getmakesb.domakesth.doneletsb.doletsth.bedonehavesb.dosth.havesb.doingsth.

havesth.donegetsb.todosth.getsb.doingsth.

getsth.donefinishedtopickupimprovedweighedrunningwaiting三、動詞leave，keep，find:leaveleavesth.undone留下某事未做（undone，unfinished...）leaveleavesth.tobedone留下某事要做It'swrongtoleavethemachinerunning.Heleft，leavingmetodoalltherestwork.Wehurriedlyendedourmeeting，leavingmanyprobliemstobesettled.keepsb./sth.doing使某人/物一直.....keepsb./sth.done使某人/物被……

Keeptheenginerunning.別讓發(fā)動機熄火。Youshouldkeepmeinformedofyourplan.findsb.doing發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事findsb./sth.done發(fā)現(xiàn)某人/物已經……withsb./sth.doing(主動，進行)withsth.beingdone(被動，進行)withsth.done(被動，完成)withsth.todo(將來)with復合結構1.Inpartsof