2021屆北京市延慶區(qū)張山營中學(xué)高三英語第三次聯(lián)考試題及答案解析

2021屆北京市延慶區(qū)張山營中學(xué)高三英語第三次聯(lián)考試題及答案解析第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項ASevenhugsHugOneDoyouwanttoimprovethequalityofyoursleep?SevenhugshascreatedHugOnethattracksdifferentsleeppatternstohelpfamiliesconsistentlyrestbetter.Therearedozensofdevicesandtoolsdevotedtomonitoringthesleep.But,HugOneistheworld’sfirstfamilysmarthomesleepsystem,whichintegratesacalculationruleforsleeppatternsofchildrenandadults.HugOneisawell-designedproduct,fullofasenseofscienceandtechnology.Itconnectstoanumberofsmallersensorscalled“minihugs”,whichareplacedontheedgeofeachbed.Theymonitorthesleeppatternsandotherdatacomingfromthepersonsleepinginthatbed.Thedataarethensenttoanapponthesmartphone.ThebenefitsofHugOneinclude:HavingasmartalarmclockontheappasHugOnelearnsyoursleepcycleandautomaticallysetsandsoundstowhenthebestmomentinyoursleepcycleisidentified.Monitoringtemperatureandhumidityinyourbedroomaswellasindoorairqualityforthemainlivingspace.Linkingwithsmartlampsandthermostats,allowinguserstofallasleepwithsunsetlightandpreferrednighttimetemperatures,andwakeuptosunriselightandpreferreddaytimetemperatures.Ensuringsafetyfromelectronictransmissionswhenyousleep-whentheminihugsensesapresenceinbed,itshutsoffitselectronictransmissionsandstartsrecordingsleepdataandsendingthemtotheapp.Thefollowingareselectedfromcustomers’comments:IpreferHugOne,sinceit’sconvenienttouse.Isimplyplacetheminihuginthecornerofmybedunderthesheetanditgoestoworkmonitoringmysleepcycle.It’sreallygood.—RobertComptonHugOneavailableforpurchaseincludes:IthinkHugOneisahumanizedproduct.It’sshareable,andI’veconnectedeightminihugstotheHugOnebaseinmyhouse.Allmyfamilymembersthinkhighlyofit.—ChrisHanawaltHugOnewillprovidemaximumprotectionforyoursleep.Ifyouwanttogetmoredetailedinformation,pleasecallthesellersat1-800-576-1899or.Style:SleepTrackingSystem＋2SleepSensorsColour:Blue＋RoseHowdoesHugOneeffectivelywork?Itcontrolssleeppatternsautomatically.Itcreatessmartsystemsforabettersleep.Itcollectssleepdatathroughtheminihugs.Itmakesacalculationofthedatasensorsneed.Accordingtothepassage,HugOnecan .adjusttemperature,humidityandairqualityinbedroomsupdatethesleepcyclesbyaidofanalarmclockontheapprecordsleepdatawhenthereareelectronictransmissionsinbedhelpusersfallasleepandwakeupnaturallywithpreferredtemperaturesThepassageismademorebelievableby .A.providingstatistics B.drawingacomparisonC.givingademonstration D.usingrecommendationsBIdentifyingthechemicalmakeupofpigment（色素）usedinancientdocuments,paintings,andwatercolor1siscriticaltorestoringandconservingthepreciousartworks.However,despitenumerousefforts,scientistshadbeenunabletodeterminethesourceoffolium,apopularbluedyeusedtocolor1manuscripts（手稿）inEuropeduringthemiddleages—fromthe5thtothe15thcentury.Now,ateamofresearchersfromPortugalhasfinallyuncoveredthemysteriousingredientresponsibleforthegorgeousblueish-purplecolor1thathelpedbringancientillustrationsandtextstolife.TheresearchteambeganbyporingoverinstructionspennedbyEuropeandyemakersfromthe12th,14th,and15thcenturies.Theyfoundwhattheywereseekingina15th-centurytextentitledTheBookonHowtoMakeAlltheColorPaintsforIlluminatingBooks.However,translatingtheinstructionswasnoeasytask.ItwaswritteninthenowextinctJudaeo-Portugueselanguage,andthoughthesourceofthedyewastracedbacktoaplant,nonamewasmentioned.However,bypiecingtogethersuggestionsfromthetext,thescientistswereabletodeterminethatthedyewasmadefromthebluish-greenberriesofthechrozophoratinctoriaplant.Afteranextensivesearch,theteamfoundafewvarietiesoftheplantgrowingalongtheroadsidenearthetownofMonsarazinsouthPortugal.Thedetailedinstructionsgavetheresearcherscriticalclues—includingthebesttimetopicktheberries.“Youneedtosqueezethefruits,beingcarefulnottobreaktheseeds,andthentoputthemonlinen（亞麻）.”Thescientistsaysthedetailwasimportantsincebrokenseedspollutedthepigment,producinganinferiorqualityink.Thedyedlinen,whichwaslefttodry,wasanefficientwaytostoreandtransportthepigmentduringancienttimes.Whenneeded,theartistwouldsimplycutoffapieceoftheclothanddipitwithwatertosqueezeoutthebluecolor1.Oncethekeyingredienthadbeenidentified,theresearchersbegantodeterminethedye’smolecularstructure.Totheirsurprise,theyfoundthatfoliumwasnotlikeanyotherknownpermanentbluedyes—itwasanentirelynewclassofcolor1,onetheynamedchrozophoridin.“Chrozophoridinwasusedinancienttimestomakeabeautifulbluedyeforpainting.”theteamwroteinthestudy.“Thus,webelievethatthiswillnotbeourfinalwordonthisamazingplantanditsstoryandthatfurtherdiscoverieswillfollowsoon.”4.Theprimarypurposeofthestudyisto .restoreandconserveancientpreciousartworksdeterminethesubstancemakingupthefoliumprovetheancientdye-makingtechniquewasorganicidentifywhichclassofcolor1foliumbelongstoTheunderlinedphrase“poringover”inthesecondparagraphmeans .A.discussingpublicly B.testingrepeatedlyC.passingdirectly D.readingcarefullyWhatcanbelearnedaboutthebluedyefolium?Itwasessentiallyaninferiortypeofink.Itwastheonlykindmadefromwildberries.Itcouldbecarriedandusedeasily.Itwascarefullysqueezedfrombrokenseeds.Thearticleismainlyabout .howthemysteryofathousand-year-oldbluedyewassolvedwhytheresearcherstookthetroubletorecreatethedyewhatneedstobedonetomakeanorganicdyefromaplantwhenandwherethediscoveryofthedyewasmadeCKidsages6to13inCapeTown,SouthAfrica,reallydodiglearningatschool!WiththehelpoftheEarthchildProject,whichisofferedinschoolsintwotownships,studentsmakeworm（蠕蟲）farms.Thewormsbreakdownfoodwasteandmakethesoilricher.Kidsgrowseedlings（幼苗）incontainersandlearnabouttheimportanceofgoodnutrition.Theschoolprogramalsooffersyoga（瑜伽）.Teachersfindthattheexerciseshelpstudentsfocusbetter.ThestudentsenjoyEarthchildactivities.“Thechildrengetssoexcited”,saysteacherVuyelwaRola.“Thesocietyweareinhasalotofnoise.WhenstudentsaretakingpartintheEarthchildProject,theyfeelcalm.”DirectorJannaKretzmarcameupwiththeideafortheprojectin2005.ShereadaboutschoolsinIndiathatinvolvedkidsinyogaandlearningoutsidetheclassroom.ShedevelopedtheEarthchildProjecttooffersimilaractivitiesinCapeTownschools.“WehopetheEarthchildProjectcanhelpstudentsfindsolutionstoallthechallengestheyarefacingintheworldtoday,”Kretzmarsaid.“Thebestplacetocreatechangeiswiththeyouth,througheducation.”TheEarthchildProjectcombinesschoolworkwithhiking,gardening,healthyliving,andyoga.“Weneedmorethanjustmathandsciencetobecomehappy,healthy,inspired,andactivecitizensofourcommunities,”saysKretzmar.InsomecommunitiesinCapeTown,childrenliveinpoverty.Theymustwalklongdistancestogetcleandrinkingwater.Lifeishard.ButaccordingtotheEarthchildProject’sCarlyAppleby,theprojectworkstogivehopetoeverychild.“Studentswhohavehope,”shesays,“aimforbiggergoals”.Whatdostudentsbenefitfromyoga?Ithelpsthemcalmdown.Ithelpsthemconcentrate.Theycanlearnsomelivingskills.Theycanlearnabouttheimportanceofnutrition.Whatarestudents’attitudetowardstheEarthchildProject?A.Uncaring. B.Doubtful.C.Supportive. D.Negative.WhatdoyouknowabouttheEarthchildProject?Itwasfoundedin2005.Itonlyoffersoutsideactivities.TheideacameupbyVuyelwaRola.Itisaimedathelpingstudentsfindsolutionstochallenges.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?HardLifeinSouthAfrica.Students’schoollifeinCapeTown.HopefromEarthchildProjectinCapeTown.ThedifferencesbetweentraditionallessonsandEarthchildProject.DCyclinghaslongbeenasportwhereacompetitiveedgeispursued,oftenatanycost.Cyclingshorts,however,wereanareathattechnologyhadyettoenter.Littlewasaddedtothemapartfrom,perhaps,somepaddingtoprotectarider.Now,however,newcyclingshortsarebeingequippedwithsensorstohelpridersdefeatopponentseasily.ABritishstart-uphascreatedapairofshortsthatuseselectricsensorsandartificialintelligencetoshapeandstrengthencyclists'muscleswhiletheyaremoving.Itplanstoalsoadaptthisproductnextyearforjoggersandpeopleatthegym.Theshorts,createdbyDevonLewis,aPhDstudentattheUniversityofSouthampton,areabletosendouttinyelectriccurrentsintoauser'smusclestoimprovetheircyclingtechnique.MrLewis,27,cameupwiththeideaafterstudyingaconnectionbetweenthebrainandmusclesthatsendschemicalsignalsfrommotorneuronstomusclefibrestomakethemusclecontractandstrengthen.Theshorts,createdbyMrLewis'sstart-upbypassthisconnectionusingelectriccurrentstobuildmusclestrengthdirectly,withoutrelyingonthebraintosendoutsignals.“Wehavealimitedabilitytocontrolourmusclesnaturally,”MrLewissaid.“Youcancontrolthemmoreexactly,getmorefromyourmusclesandcontractthemmorestrongly,ifyoustimulatethemdirectlywithelectricity.”Electricwiresintheshortssendoutcurrentsthatactivatethemuscle.“Forthoseworriedaboutgettingashockwhilecycling,”MrLewissaid,“It'ssortofthesamethingaswhenyouhavespicyfoodandyougetthatlittlerush.Itfeelsstrangewhenyoufirststartusingitbutthenyouadapttoitquitequickly.”HisideahasreceivedsupportfromFutureWorlds,astart-upacceleratoratSouthamptonUniversity.TheproductisbeingshownnextweekatthetechnologyconferenceCES,helddigitallythisyear.What'sthestrengthofthenewlyinventedcyclingshorts?Theyhelpcyclistsperformbetter.Theylastlongerthannormalones.C.Theycankeepabalancedcomfort. D.Theyhavetoolstomakegoodfigures.Whycanthecyclingshortshelptherunnersandjoggers?Theyaremadeofqualitycottonmaterials.Theyarecreatedbyworld-topdesigners.Theycanmakerunningorjogginglessboring.Theyaremadeintelligentlywithelectricsensors.Whatmaybesomepeople'sworryabouttheshorts?A.Theymayspendmorethantheycanafford. B.Theygetlittlehelpfromthenewshorts.C.Theymaygetshockedbytheelectricity. D.Thenewshortscan'tfunctionwellenough.15.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?TheSpecialCyclingShorts B.WaystoBeaGoodRunnerC.HowShortsBenefitYou D.SomeTipsaboutRunningFast第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項___16___Thefollowingisaboutthevariousbenefitsofreadingbooks.Readingbooksprovidesyouwithnewknowledge.___17___Itcanbeafactabouthistoryoratheoryyoudidn’tknowexisted.Ifyouwanttolearnnewwords,readingbooksisagreatwaytoenlargeyourvocabulary.___18___Similartosolvingpuzzles,readingbooksallowsyourmindtopracticeitsprocessingskills.Goingwithoutbooksfortoolongwillturnyourmindintoawhirl（混亂）.Oneoftheprimarybenefitsofreadingbooksisitsabilitytodevelopyourcriticalthinkingskill.Readingmysterynovels,forexample,sharpensyourmind.Whereveryouarefacedwithasimilarprobleminreallife,yourmindisabletoputitsmystery-solvingskillstoatest.Oneoftherealbenefitsofreadingbooksisthattheinformationinitcanbeaccessedoverandoveragain.___19___Followingarecipefromacookingshowwillbedifficult.Don’teventhinkaboutwritingtheinformationdownbecauseyoumaylosethepaperyouwrotedownonsoonerorlater.Thesearejustsomeofthewonderfulbenefitsofreadingbooks.Whydon’tyoudropbythebookstoreorlibraryandpickabookup?Ifyoucan’tevengooutside,youcandownloadfree-beooksonlineandreadthemonyourcomputer.___20___A.Readingbookskeepsyourmindabsent.Youcanimproveyourmemorybyreading.Readingkeepsyourmindingoodcondition.Everyonecanbenefitalotfromreadingbooks.Thatway,youcanseehowadvantageousreadingcanbeforyourself.Forexample,readingacookbookallowsyoutoreviewtheprocedureswheneveryouneedto.Wheneveryoureadsomething,youlearninformationthatyouotherwisewouldn’thaveknown.第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項Aftermovingintomymother’shometolookafterherfollowinganillness,Ifoundmyselfthinkingaboutmyown___21___.ItwasclearthatI___22___tofindsomethingthatwouldhelpme___23___thehousemoreoften.Ifoundmy___24___whilestandinginlineatthestorecheckoutonesunnyspringday.Redwordsonthecoverofamagazinecaughtmy___25___,“WalkOffWeight!”After___26___theadvantagesofwalking,IknewIhadfoundtheperfect___27___thatwouldnotonlymakemespendmoretimeoutdoors,butwouldalsohelpmekeep___28___.Ididn’tstartwalkingfourmilesrightaway;Ibegan___29___.Afterafewweeks,I 30 fromwalkingtwomileseverydaytobetweenfourandsixmileseveryday.My 31 increasedfromaboutthreemilesperhourtooverfour.Itwasn’tlongbeforeIbegantonoticethemany 32 inbothmyphysicalandemotional（情緒的）health.Ilost 33 .Theextra（額外的）fatI’dbeencarryingaroundmystomachdisappeared.Mybodywas 34 andbecamemoreshapely.Evenmybackpainhad 35 !Theadvantagestomyemotionalhealthwerealsogreat.Myspiritsliftedwitheachpassingday.Icouldhardly 36 togetupeachmorning.Withmoreself-confidence,IalsofoundmyselftobemoresociableandthatIbeganto 37 meetingnewpeople. 38 mymotherbecamelessofatiringtask.Feeling 39 ,Iwasabletolookafterherwithgreatenthusiasm（熱情）.I 40 hertotrytobecomeashealthyandashappyasIfelt.21.A.dreamB.planC.healthD.work22.A.neededB.refusedC.failedD.forgot23.A.liveinB.moveintoC.getoutofD.keepawayfrom24.A.purposeB.answerC.jobD.hobby25.A.eyeB.legC.handD.armD.writing26.A.talkingaboutB.readingaboutC.hearingaboutabout27.A.thoughtB.behaviorC.adviceD.activity28.A.fitB.safe C.quiet D.busy29.A.suddenlyB.quicklyC.slowlyD.finally30.A.progressedB.leftC.followedD.ended31.A.timeB.speedC.ageD.size32.A.changesB.differencesC.problemsD.chances33.A.touchB.interestC.heartD.weight34.A.heldupB.broughtupC.givenupD.builtup35.A.appearedB.goneC.returnedD.increased36.A.stopB.manageC.waitD.promise37.A.avoidB.enjoyC.regretD.remember38.A.WaitingforB.WorkingforC.SearchingforD.Caringfor39.A.lonelyB.proudC.livelyD.worried40.A.encouragedB.forcedC.requiredD.allowed第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式I’mwritingtoinviteyoutothecommunitylecture 41. (concern)garbageclassification.Giventhatmostneighborsfailtoclassifygarbageproperly 42. theyreallytryto,ourcommunity 43. (organize)thislectureinanattempttoguidethisdeed.Garbageclassificationis 44. greatsignificance.First,notonlycanitcopewithpollutionissue 45. (effective)butmorespaceoriginally 46. (occupy)bywastelandwillbespared.Second,wecanundeniablymake 47. differencebytakingadvantageofrecyclablegarbage.Tofulfillyour 48. (responsible)toliveaneco-life,comeandjoininthelecturethatisexpected 49. (give)at3p.m.nextSundayontheplayground.Onlywithcombinedeffortscanwemake 50. (we)neighborhoodbetter.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(滿分10分).文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(回)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線(__),并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞。只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分Lastweek,ourteachergaveusatasktowriteapaperaboutOldChina.Imakeupagroupwithanotherthreeclassmates.Wedidn’thavemuchinformation,butwedecidedtoasktheteacher.Afterthat,wetookthetriptovisitafamousmuseum.Whenwearrivedthemuseum,wesawthestatue（雕塑）ofDengXiaoping.Hisgreatimageletustoadmirehimimmediately.Thereweresomanystatueofgreatpeople,whofoughtbraveforNewChinaandmadewhatwearetoday.Whenfacingwithdifficultsituations,theychosetosacrifice（犧牲）them.Theirstoriesaresotouching,whoencourageustocherishthelifewehave.第二節(jié)書面表達（滿分25分）.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Ashelayawakethatnight,TonycouldhearhisparentsdiscussinghissisterAlice’sbirthday.Itwasjusttwodaysaway.Birthdayswerealwaysalotoffun,eventhoughtherewasnomoneyforstore-boughtg