2023新教材高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解題型分類練三推理判斷題-隱含意義類

閱讀理解題型分類練(三)推理判斷題——隱含意義類A[2022·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市高三調(diào)研(一)]Architectureisamazing.IthaschangedthewayIlookatandinteractwiththeworldandmyenvironment.Ithastrainedmetobehypersensitive(非常敏感的)tothebuiltenvironment,torecognizeproblemsandfindsolutionsthatuntrainedeyeswouldnevernotice.AsmuchasIlovethisprofession,itisveryeasytogetlostinarchitecture.IgetsofocusedthatIhaveforgottenabouteverythingelse.Luckilymypassionforcyclingkeptmesane(清醒的)whileIwasbecominganarchitect.IfacedalotofobstaclesandchallengeswhentakingabicyclerideacrosstheUnitedStates.Lookingback,cyclingacrosstheAmericawasactuallyoneofthesmartestthingsIeverdid.IhaveactuallybicycledacrossthecontinentalUSAtwicefromeasttowestandfromAtlanticOceantoPacificOcean,bothtimes.BicyclingacrossAmericaisn'tashardasyouthink.Irodealoneonmyfirsttripin2005fromVirginiaBeachtothecoastofFlorence,Oregon.Intheenditwas4，547milesoverthecourseof77days.Ileftforthesecondtripin2007withmytwobestfriendsfromBarHarbor,MainetoPortland,Oregon,whichwasa4，886-milerideover90days.Atthattime,Ifellinlovewiththeideaofleavingtheeastcoastbehind,startingawholenewlifeandcareerinanewcity.IendedupinPortland.Afterarrivingintownonabike,Ieventuallyfoundajob,aplacetoliveandanamazingdog.IshareallthisnottoconvinceanyonetogobikingacrossAmerica,butonlytosharehowdoingthishaschangedmylife.Architecturehasgivenmeawonderfullifeandcareerbutitisn'teverything.ThankfullyIhavealsobeenverypassionateabout：myfriends,traveling,bicycles,punkrock,technology,theInternet,mydog,andevenyoga.Myarchitecturebackgroundhasdefinitelysweetenedmyrelationshipwithallthosethings.Becominganarchitectisnoblepursuit,butyoushouldkeeppursuingeverythingelsethatyouarepassionateabout.Itwillenhanceyourarchitecturecareerandultimatelymakeyouamoreinterestingperson,whichinmyopinionisreallymoreimportantthanbeinganothersillyarchitect.1．What'stheadvantageofcyclingaccordingtotheauthor?A．Changinghisnegativeattitudetoarchitecture.B.Keepinghimselffocusedonhiscareerallthetime.C．Enablinghimtofindsolutionswithouttraining.D．Makinghimamuchbetterarchitectandperson.2．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhistwocross-countrybiketrips?A．Theyareharderthanwhatheexpectedbefore.B．Theyshowthebenefitsofridingwithfriends.C.Theygivehimsomeextraordinaryexperiences.D．TheyguaranteehimanewlifeandcareerinPortland.3．WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph6?A．Don'tgetcompletelylostinyourhobbies.B．Don'tabandonhobbiesforyourprofession.C．Don'tfeelashamedofstoppingyourhobbies.D．Don'tweighyourfamilyagainstyourprofession.4．Inthelastparagraph,theauthorremindsusto________．A．takeupthepursuitofbecominganarchitectB．findwhatwearereallypassionateaboutC．a(chǎn)ppreciateotherpeople'sgoodintentionsD．a(chǎn)voidourcareertakingoverotherpursuitsB[2022·綿陽市高中第二次診斷性考試]Only366NorthAtlanticrightwhalesareleft,representingashocking8%declineinasingleyearandthelowestnumberinabout20yearsforthisfamousspecies.Humanimpacts—specificallyfishingnetsandshipstrikes—remainthebiggestthreatstothesurvivalofthisspeciesineasternCanadaandtheUnitedStates.NorthAtlanticrightwhaleshavebeenindeclinesince2011whenthespecieswasatanestimated481whales.Inthepastdecade,thespecieshasdecreasedby30%.Recentresearchshowsthesethreatsareaffectingtheiroverallhealthwithlessenergytodevotetowardgrowthandreproduction(繁殖),andbodylengthsreducingoverthepastfourdecades.Researchersestimatetherearefewerthan100breeding(繁育的)femalesaliveandmorethan86%ofidentifiedwhaleshadbeenentangled(被網(wǎng)困住)atleastonceintheirlifetime.Thereisstillhope：in2021,scientiststracked18mother-kidpairs,anumberthatiscauseforoptimism—thoughstillwellbelowtheannualaverageof23pairsfromthepreviousdecade.Industryrepresentatives,governmentagencies,andorganizations,includingWWF,gatheredinOctober2011attheannualNorthAtlanticRightWhaleConsortiummeetingtodiscussandarrangerightwhaleconservationeffortsintheUSandCanada.“It'sgoingtobechallenging,buteveryoneinvolvedinrightwhaleconservationbelieveswecancreateanenvironmentwhererightwhalescanbounceback，”saidChrisJohnson.thegloballeaderforWWF'sProtectingWhalesandDolphinsinitiative.“However,it'sgoingtotakesignificantinvestmentandthegreatesturgencyandcommitmenttocreateconditionswhereweprevententanglementsandcollisionswithshipsinthewhales'criticalhabitats.”5．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherightwhalepopulation?A．Wellconserved.B．Slowlydecreasing.C．Rapidlygrowing.D．Criticallyendangered.6．WhatdoesChrisJohnsonsayabouttherightwhaleconservation?A．Itneedsthegovernmenttobanfishingincertainareas.B．Itwillnotworkwithoutfundsfromthegovernment.C．Itcanhelpincreasethenumberofrightwhales.D．Itisnotpracticalandwillfaileventually.7．Whatcanwelearnaboutfemalerightwhales?A．Mostofthemhaveneverbeenentangled.B．Motherrightwhalesmayhaveslightlydecreased.C．Therearemorefemalerightwhalesthanmalerightwhales.D．Theirpopulationhasdecreasedby30%inthepastdecade.8．Whatcanbeinferredabouttherightwhalespecies?A．Theirsizehasbeendecreasingduetoclimatechanges.B．Theymayhavefoundhomeinotherpartsoftheocean.C．Theywerehuntedbypeoplefortheirmeatinthepast.D．Theyarewellonthewaytodyingoutifnotwellprotected.C[2022·南京市、鹽城市高三第二次模擬考試]Forgenerations,depressionhasbeenseenasanillness,disorderorevenweakness.Suchanideamakessensebecausedepressioncausessufferingandevendeath.Butwhatifwe'vegotitallwrong?Thecommonwisdomisthatdepressionstartsinthemindwithabnormalthinking.Thatleadstosymptomslikeheadaches,stomachachesortiredness.Now,modelslikethePolyvagalTheorysuggestthatwe'vegotitbackward.It'sthebodythatdetectsdangerandinitiatesadefensestrategymeanttohelpussurvive.Thatbiologicalstrategyiscalledimmobilization,anditisdemonstratedinthemindandthebodywithasetofsymptomswecalldepression.Whenwethinkofdepressionasunnecessarysuffering,wearetellingpeoplewithdepressionthattheyarenotpartofthegroup,theyarenotrightandtheydon'tbelong.Thatrobsthemofhope.Butwhenwebegintounderstandthatdepression,atleastinitially,happensforagoodreasonwelifttheshame.Instead,peoplewithdepressionarecourageoussurvivors,notdamagedsickpeople.Theautonomicnervoussystem(ANS)isconstantlyscanningourinternalandexternalenvironmentforsignsofdanger.IfourANSdetectsathreatorevenasimplelackofsafety,itsnextstrategyisthefight-or-flightresponse,whichweoftenfeelasanxiety.Sometimesthethreatissobadorgoesonforsolongthatthenervoussystemdecidesthereisnowaytofightortoflee.Atthatpoint,thereisonlyoneoptionleft：immobilization.Theimmobilizationresponseistheoriginalbiologicaldefenseinhigheranimals.Itdullspainandmakesusfeeldisconnected.Thinkofsomereptiles(爬行動物),whichshutdowntheirbodiestoavoidcoldtemperaturesandthelackoffoodandwater.Inhumans,peopleoftendescribefeeling“outoftheirbodies”duringextremelyunpleasantevents,whichhasadefensiveeffectofreducingtheemotionalshock.Thisisimportantbecausesomethingsaresoterrible,andwedon'twantpeopletobefullypresentwhentheyhappen.Whatincrediblecapacityofourbiologytofindawayinhardtimes!9．WhydoestheauthormentionthePolyvagalTheory?A．Toofferastandardforidentifyingdepression.B．Toraisepeople'sawarenessofmentalproblems.C．Tomakesenseofhowdepressionaffectspeople.D．Tocorrectacommonlyheldideaaboutdepression.10．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A．Depressioncanbringpeopleincrisishope.B.Peoplemayfeelitwrongtohavedepression.C.Depressionisanunnecessaryhumanemotion.D.Peopleoftenfeelproudoffightingdepression.11．Whatis“immobilization”inthetext?A．Buildingupanxiety.B．Risingtothechallenge.C．Shuttingdownaction.D．Pullingthroughacrisis.12．Inwhichorderdoesourbodyreacttoanextremelyunpleasantsituation?①seektoworkoutsolutions②becomeawareofathreat③experienceemotionalshock④startdefensiveavoidanceA．②③④①B．④②①③C．②①③④D．④①②③閱讀理解題型分類練(三)A語篇類型：夾敘夾議文主題語境：人與自我——生活與學(xué)習(xí)——騎自行車穿行美國的建筑師【語篇解讀】身為建筑師的作者專注于工作，以至于忘記了一切。幸運的是，騎行讓作者在工作的同時保持清醒。作者兩次騎自行車穿越美國，并找到了一份工作。工作是崇高的追求，但也要一直追求自己所熱愛的其他一切。1．答案與解析：D推斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Itwillenhance...anothersillyarchitect”可知，作者認(rèn)為，騎行使自己成為更好的建筑師，最終使自己成為更有趣的人。2．答案與解析：C推斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ifacedalotof...Ieverdid”可知，作者在騎自行車穿越美國時遇到了很多障礙和挑戰(zhàn)，但回頭看這實際是自己做過的最聰明的事情之一；再結(jié)合第五段尾句可知，作者在波特蘭找到了一份工作、一個住的地方并養(yǎng)了一條狗。據(jù)此可推知，作者認(rèn)為兩次騎自行車穿越美國是非同尋常的經(jīng)歷。3．答案與解析：B推斷。通讀第六段可知，該段首句“Ishareall...haschangedmylife”為全段的主旨句，又結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，該段主要說明騎行改變了作者的生活，建筑給了作者很好的生活和職業(yè)但它不是一切。據(jù)此可以推知，不要因為職業(yè)而放棄愛好。4．答案與解析：D推斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“butyoushouldkeep...passionateabout”可知，作者主張繼續(xù)追求自己所熱愛的其他一切。據(jù)此可以推知，作者提醒我們不要讓自己的職業(yè)取代自己對其他事物的追求，故選D。B語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與自然——人與動物——北大西洋露脊鯨瀕?！菊Z篇解讀】本文主要介紹了北大西洋露脊鯨令人擔(dān)憂的瀕?，F(xiàn)狀以及人類為保護它們所做出的努力。5．答案與解析：D推斷。由第一段中的“Only366North...thisfamousspecies”和第二段中的“Inthepastdecade,thespecieshasdecreasedby30%”我們不難得知，北大西洋露脊鯨的現(xiàn)狀不容樂觀，它們處于瀕危的邊緣，故本題選D項。6．答案與解析：C理解具體信息。由最后一段中的“It'sgoingto...canbounceback”可知，