年新高考語法填空真題解析課件高三英語一輪復習

語法填空解析目錄CATALOG03010204命題特點真題分析解題技巧歸納備考策略與建議1命題特點------普通高中英語課程標準（2017年版2020年修訂）P23

普通高中英語課程語法知識內(nèi)容要求

英語語法知識包括詞法知識和句法知識：詞法關注詞的形態(tài)變化，如名詞的數(shù)、格，動詞的時、態(tài)（體）等；句法關注句子結構，如句子的成分、語序、種類等。詞法和句法之間的關系非常緊密。在語言使用中，語法知識是“形式—意義—使用”的統(tǒng)一體，與語音、詞匯、語篇和語用知識緊密相連，直接影響語言理解和表達的準確性和得體性。高中階段英語語法知識的學習是義務教育階段語法學習的延伸和繼續(xù)，應在更加豐富的語境中通過各種英語學習和實踐活動進一步鞏固和恰當運用義務教育階段所學的語法知識，學會在語境中理解和運用新的語法知識，進一步發(fā)展英語語法意識。

在閱讀理解的基礎上運用語法和語用知識的能力。在一篇200詞左右的語言材料中留出10個空白，部分空白的后面給出單詞的基本形式，要求考生：閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

該題型把語法放在了語境中進行考查，把對考生的要求由一知半解甚至生搬硬套，提高到了自然、自發(fā)地運用語法知識進行表達的水平。命題要求語法填空重在考查學生高中階段所學過的所有語法知識和具體語境下英語基本句法知識的識別、判斷和運用能力。1.分兩題型：有提示詞和無提示詞填空2.有提示詞（6-7個）：填所給單詞的正確形式。3.無提示詞（3-4個）：填介詞、冠詞、連詞、代詞等?？崭裉幹荒芴?個詞。題型分析題型要求1.速讀語篇,把握語篇的能力主要體現(xiàn)在語篇意識,熟練掌握語篇銜接與連貫的方式。2.熟練運用語法知識分析句子成分與結構的能力主要體現(xiàn)在對動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)以及非謂語動詞的各種形式的判斷上。3.對固定短語和固定搭配的識記與再現(xiàn)能力主要體現(xiàn)在介詞短語、動詞短語、形容詞的比較等級以及一些固定句式的運用上面。4.邏輯推理能力主要體現(xiàn)在對上下文句際的語境及語義邏輯關系的分析上。5.詞的形態(tài)變化主要體現(xiàn)在牢固掌握詞匯基礎知識,熟練掌握派生、轉(zhuǎn)化、合成等構詞法。能力考查近三年高考真題考點分布以說明文為主，關注題材的主題意義，突出文化自信。實詞考查為重，尤其是動詞2真題分析Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicate

dumpling

wrappers,encasinghot,56______(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandaway

myfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether57______(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),

58______toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,

lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe59______(recognize)

homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfood

historianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolongbao’sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently—moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed60______handratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem61______(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyof62______(they)

contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith63______touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,

clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,though,onesteameris64______(rare)enough,yettwo

seemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft65______(want)morenexttime.2023年6月全國高考新課標I卷語法填空真題1.重語篇——語篇是整體認知的建構語法填空是基于理性的語篇型完形填空，語篇的銜接連貫和理解語篇的深層意義是學生語法填空題提分的關鍵。語法參與傳遞語篇的基本意義，語法形式的選擇取決于具體語境中所表達的語用意義。2.明詞性——詞性是句法功能的基礎語法填空的差異主要體現(xiàn)在不同詞性對應不同的句法功能，因此詞性的潛意識運用和詞性的明晰定位是語法填空的基礎。4.析句子——句子是基于語篇的統(tǒng)一熟悉五種基本句型；警惕逗號粘連錯誤，掌握“一個句子一個謂，兩個句子連詞成對，沒有連詞用非謂”的句式特點；立足語篇語境，研判謂語動詞和非謂語動詞及其形態(tài)。3.建語塊——語塊是快速解題的關鍵語塊Chunk是語言中的一種多詞詞匯現(xiàn),包括固定搭配、相對固化的短語框架以及慣常使用的句子框架。語塊能力是衡量語言使用準確性、地道性和流利性的一個重要標志。語塊融合了語法、語義和語境的優(yōu)勢，具有特定的表達功能，可作為整體儲存和提取，從而減少大腦處理信息時的認知負擔，提升語法填空的速度和準確率。Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicate

dumpling

wrappers,encasinghot,56______(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandaway

myfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether57______(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),

58______toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,

lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe59______(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfood

historianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolongbao’sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently-moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed60______handratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem61______(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyof62______(they)

contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith63______touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,though,onesteameris64______(rare)enough,yettwo

seemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft65______(want)morenexttime.重語篇——語篇整體認知的建構1.以作者的親身體驗，生動描述小籠包的色香味形，美味沖擊力2.探究小籠包的發(fā)源地，比較各地制作特色，體現(xiàn)中華美食的博大3.介紹作者發(fā)現(xiàn)的最好小籠包的特色，體現(xiàn)中華美食的精深精致4.講述作者對小籠包的喜愛之情，余香繞梁，欲罷不能本文是選自游記WhattoEatinChina:ATraveler'sGuide,菲奧娜.賴利（FionaReilly)是一名自由撰稿人和攝影師，對中國的美食和旅行充滿熱情。作者文筆細膩，觀察細致，描寫生動形象，文風幽默風趣。本篇文體應是記敘文，語篇以浸潤的方式，采用“體驗-探究-發(fā)現(xiàn)-留戀”的描述順序，一步步帶領讀者打開味蕾記憶，一起體驗小籠包那深入人心的味道，感嘆中華美食的博大精深。選材很好地體現(xiàn)了新課標的英語教學語法觀，即語法參與傳遞語篇的基本意義，語法形式的選擇，決于最外語統(tǒng)中所表達的語用意義，有效的語言使用還涉及說話人的意圖、情感態(tài)度及其對具體語境下參與人角色和身份的理解。Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicate

dumpling

wrappers,encasinghot,56______(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandaway

myfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether57______(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),

58______toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,

lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe59______(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfood

historianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolongbao’sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently-moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed60______handratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem61______(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyof62______(they)

contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith63______touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,though,onesteameris64______(rare)enough,yettwo

seemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft65______(want)morenexttime.明詞性——詞性是句法功能的基礎56題查詞性的判斷：根據(jù)前后語境，(taste)soup與后文andsweet,freshmeat形成并列關系，構成語義連貫“美味的湯汁和香甜的鮮肉”，tasty意為“美味的”。-y后綴的形容詞dirty;lucky;healthy;wealthy;greedy;cloudy;stormy;risky;thirsty;shiny/shining;noisy;scary;funny;sunny;foggy;hungry;angry62題考查詞性的判斷：根據(jù)句意“沒有撕破面皮或灑出任何湯汁”。代詞的轉(zhuǎn)換要根據(jù)上下文語句子成分。名詞contents前需加形容詞性物主代詞their.Xiaolongbao......Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem61______(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyof62______(they)

contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith63______touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,though,onesteameris64______(rare)enough,yettwo

seemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft65______(want)morenexttime.明詞性——詞性是句法功能的基礎Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicate

dumpling

wrappers,encasinghot,56______(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandaway

myfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether57______(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),

58______toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,

lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe59______(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfood

historianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolongbao’sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently-moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed60______handratherthanrolled....建語塊——語塊是快速解題的關鍵59題考查語塊的快速建構的能力。單個的過去分詞做定語時，放在被修飾的名詞之前，具備形容詞的詞性，具有被動和完成的含義。本句句意“上?？赡苁枪J的湯包之鄉(xiāng)，但美食歷史學家會告訴你，鄰近的運河古鎮(zhèn)南翔才是小籠包的發(fā)源地?！?，recognized意為“公認的，認可的”，歷年高考真題如：Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations在19個公認的北極熊亞種群中，threearedeclining,sixarestable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.2019年高考英語全國卷|語法填空原文Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicate

dumpling

wrappers,encasinghot,56______(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandaway

myfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether57______(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),

58______toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,

lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe59______(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfood

historianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolongbao’sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently-moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed60______handratherthanrolled....建語塊——語塊是快速解題的關鍵60題考查語塊的快速建構的能力。分析句子結構thewrappersarepressedhandratherthanrolled,可知設空處為“用手壓的”，與下文ratherthan“而不是卷起來的”構成對立相反的邏輯關系。介詞短語byhand意為“手工”注意區(qū)分：1.tohand在手邊，隨時可得到2.onhand現(xiàn)有（尤指幫助）3.inhand在手頭；在掌握中；在處理中；按（月/周等）領薪4.(close/near)athand(在時間或距離上）接近，即將到來Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicate

dumpling

wrappers,encasinghot,56______(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandaway

myfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether57______(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),

58______toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,

lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe59______(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfood

historianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolongbao’sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently-moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed60______handratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem61______(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyof62______(they)

contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith63______touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,though,onesteameris64______(rare)enough,yettwo

seemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft65______(want)morenexttime.明詞性——詞性是句法功能的基礎61題考查語義理解和語塊建構的能力?？焖倮斫饩湟狻皌hebestxiaolongbaohaveafineskin,

allowingthemtobeliftedoutofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.最好的小籠包外皮細膩，從蒸籠中被取出時不會撕裂面皮或灑出任何餡料湯汁”，本句中“them”指代上文“xiaolongbao”，與“allow...todo...”搭配構成語塊做結果狀語，各根據(jù)句意，設空處需用動詞不定式被動形式tobelifted作賓語補足語。Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicate

dumpling

wrappers,encasinghot,56______(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandaway

myfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether57______(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),

58______toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,

lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue....Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem61______(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyof62______(they)

contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith63______touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,though,onesteameris64______(rare)enough,yettwo

seemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft65______(want)morenexttime.63題考查語義理解和語塊建構的能力。本句句意“肉應該是新鮮的，有一點甜味，湯應該是熱的，清澈的，美味的”。

atouchofsth作為短語，意為“一絲……，一點……”如：atouchoflove一絲愛意；atouchofluck一點兒運氣;

atouchofkindness一點兒好意；withatouchofvinegar有點刻薄Ismelledatouchofironyinhiswords.

我從他的話中感受到一點點諷刺的意味。"Ithinkitmustbethefield-mice,"repliedtheMole,withatouchofprideinhismanner.“我想一定是田鼠們來了，”莫爾回答說，臉上帶著一絲驕傲。建語塊——語塊是快速解題的關鍵Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicate

dumpling

wrappers,encasinghot,56______(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandaway

myfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether57

______(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),

58

______toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,

lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe59______(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfood

historianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolongbao’sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently-moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed60______handratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem61______(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyof62______(they)

contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith63______touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,though,onesteameris64______(rare)enough,yettwo

seemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft65______(want)morenexttime.析句子——句子是基于語篇的統(tǒng)一本句長難句的難點是whether引導的賓語從句的分析和內(nèi)在邏輯的理解：tobiteasmallholeinitfirst,

releasingthestreamandriskingaspill與toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingsoupexplodeonyourtongue為并列的選擇關系，連詞whether...or...體現(xiàn)了語意和句式的連貫。Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicate

dumpling

wrappers,encasinghot,56______(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandaway

myfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether57______(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),

58______toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,

lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.....Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem61______(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyof62______(they)

contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith63______touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,though,onesteameris64______(rare)enough,yettwo

seemsgreedy,soIamalways

left65______(want)morenexttime.析句子——句子是基于語篇的統(tǒng)一本段講述作者對小籠包的喜愛之情，余香繞梁，欲罷不能?！盁o論我在哪里買，一籠小籠包總嫌不夠，兩籠又顯得太貪心而怕別人笑話笑我不淑女，所以我總是欲罷不能，意猶未盡。”“though,yet,so,always”等小詞的表意功能突出表現(xiàn)作者復雜的心情，對小籠包的真愛。有效的語言使用還涉及說話人的意圖、情感態(tài)度及其對具體語境下參與人角色和身份（女性記者）的理解。leavesb/sth+賓補todo/doing/done作為固定短語，意為“讓某人或某物處于某種狀態(tài)（將要/正在/已經(jīng)）此處描述作者既滿足又期待的狀態(tài)，基于整句分析“下次還想再吃，念念不忘”，較好地傳遞了人物內(nèi)心情感。難點突破——句中需要動詞時（謂語or非謂語？)Group1:1.Theyarerequired

toprocess

(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralother

bodilyfunctions.(2017全國卷I)2.Hehadakeeninterestinsolvingproblems

met

(meet)ineverydaylife.3.FinallyIrefusedtoattendclass,shutting

(shut)myselfinmyroomforhours.Tip2：提示詞為動詞，句中已有謂語但無連詞時，所填動詞通常是非謂語；使用何種非謂語動詞依據(jù)：todo表目的、將來，形容詞后；V-ing表主動、進行或用在介詞后（動作性意味強時）;

V-ed表被動、完成。Group2:1.Shewentfromroomtoroomcheckingand

found

(find)hersparecameramissing.2.Byabout6000BC,people

haddiscovered(discover)

thebestcropstogrowandanimalstoraise.

(2020浙江)3.And,

asmorechildrenwereborn,

morefood

wasneeded

(need).

(2020浙江)4.Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers

hasgiven

(give)tenperformancesinthelastthree

months.(2019江蘇)5.Raisingsilkwomsforsilkproduction

has

(have)ahistoryofover6,000years.Tip3：提示詞為動詞時，若句中僅有非謂語，此動詞作謂語。此時應先確定主語，再確定時態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致。要特別注意時間狀語。Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicate

dumpling

wrappers,encasinghot,tastysoupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandaway

myfavoriteChinesestreetfood.The