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北京市2023 年高考適應(yīng)性測試 英語12120100分鐘。試卷和答題卡一并交回。aLM節(jié)、45分)11Q1515分)F殉第七根捌而七內(nèi)容而不I個適當?shù)膯卧~.在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確彩式笛空AMn,Baik>w;料iiiipt瞋4mhiilwcduv;iiit?iuljvitniv)IhMjuriedme久h作』jiidinkimV-pri”I”e^iiin.IniilIjoinedherLIQSS.1h^dnIbelietcJin涵ih。JX;i^riicr.S肌 ].(p<rsudd<)i】iuLujoin±epoclrvsocklynindlilinIIKUlireterliteraiurc.SlyTtcugnixd2 (])pt)iemulandshowedme(h;itEcouldvritewithcreattvHyandcnthi^iasmFkcauseofthewotifiduntesheinspiredinme.I\evannedH professionajoun^h^LBSKWIIMHIMvcrsiivsiudenHLurriedmuasi】ip:』gnJ iheiriiholed吁/ithnulcellphonesThkniovcu;isio矯ipr訃i,亡rheirr<hlu>iishipsilhihcirnearnnddeareru?KAnd
kethemaujiyIrumIhcvirtualh「e.5(study)indik.;)lcthatamjfonty?Iyoim^peopleusedthutrplwnc^during crIhniilymcjlsofc\cnatthectnema.ITicpnutikinolphoneuddiction*成匚,ihasbceiiohsen^ed4newmwithrhandholoG(tn)ihcre;iseawarenessJIKHIIthisproblem.CThuliger、h“rk7(oxiHiJer)iobeaticofdiemvNJiuiycroussharksintheu>rld.lYh:an;圻gersh:iAssodtm,ercmM?Fi『L(hc>likelu1i\v M?iitcrsivlvr亡humarKLLSU^IKswint幅thtieharlseKof卻]en^nuail^r(:且遇)aneniuchgrvaier.Second,hger4位山、;gsostrutsandnggre^ite(KitCHIQ(SAYXIBIapersonAndthird,tigershsrV、havet^ethperfectlyHJ(design)-forcuttingtheirfood,soilisceriainIhilthedumgewillbedisasigus.20L530分)閱演下而短文.把握乜大意,從帝置所給的AC、D項,并在答題七上將該項涂黑.AGIwasonlyaverysmallboyMhenhetintsawsnovinapicturebook.Ithadlotsofpicturesofchildren11inbigwhileliclih.lieasked.“Mum.ehalarethosewhitefields0“Hismotherlaughed.??Thatssnow,avkltheyaremakingasnowmanf*Shetriedto12whaisnowWJW.Afkldidiftr^allv13becausetherewasnorealsnowwherehelived.Dullieshowedgreat14 .(hiedaywhenhewas12,Afcl、、aswashingaprogrammeonTVathisundc-shouse.Thuprogrammemfullofsnow..AndnotonlysnowtherewerepeopleISacross,thesnow.IlieylookedlikefaniaMicbirdsllieyhadhaiscoveringalltheirheadsandhiggogglesovertheireyes.Andontlieirfeet,theyliad168hoC8.“WTiatarethose?“heaskedhisuncle17 .“Skis/,repliedhisuncle.“Andthosepeoplearecalledskiers.^Atthatmoment,he]gtobeaskier.Heaskedhisunckwhattheprogrammewas.^ThcWinterOlympicsrsaidhisunde.“Il”slikethenomulOlxinpics.hutfbr19whereyouneedsnou—skijumpingbobsleigji(K-W).thosesortsofthings.They2。it<vcr\”louryears/”AfclfoundoutthatthenextWinterOlympicswouldbeinBeijingin2023.“TcrlcctJ”heihoughl.“Enough21 formelobecomeabrillkmtskier/1“Butthere*snosnowhere!,peopletoldhim.“Whereareyougoingtoski?vAfel22tlicm.liemadehiinxclfapairofskisfromIwopi“csofvsood.Iktiedthemtohisfeetandpractisedskiing23twoKlicksinhishantk.Hepractisedagainandagainuntilhecould21quitequicklyacrossthe$and.He25toflydownthehillslikethepmpleonTV.buthecouldift.**Nevermind/thethouglil.MItesa26 …”^IIowxvillyougototheOlympics?”peopleaskedhim.“Ourcountrydoesn”t27havealean】thatgo?stotheWinterOlympics.WehavegoodrunnersandminloUofiikrdalxatll>cOhmpicx.Buinoskiing,no/wAlcldidiil2XSoever\-night,outinthemiddleofthedesert..\felnowpractisesskiingdownsandhills.Ik2?thattheyellowsandandbrwneartharcasgoldasthemedalhewillbringhomewithhim.whenhekthe30 .2人〔12負〕ILA.drawingA.announceA.mindA.interest
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pn>\identhepowertothewheelstokeeptheriderIboardluiicti<Misasthehtnerbc>ardbrain.11proxiessesdatayourspeed,tilt,etc.-andsendsinformationtothemotors.Thisunitcontrol”H】cpoweroftheboardsoriderscanadjusttheirspeed.Alltheabovecomponentsworktogethertocontroltheptnvvrandtiltofthehoverboardssotheriderisbalanced,uprightandmovingatacontrolledspeed.WhyBuyaHoverboaril?Undoubtedly,hoverboardsarccool.You”veprobablyseenkidsridingonearoundthehouse.Iheytreaphenomenonandcver>b<xlywantsin.So.whydenyyourkidsandpreventthemfrombeingpartofthistrend?Whereisaho^erboardkg?l?Despitetheirwildpopularity;hoverboardshaveyettobecome-street-Icpal”.Currencysomeplacesprohibitanyoneunder16irornusingthesedevices,andhoverboardsarcbannedinacademicinstitutionsandpublicplaces*likecampusbuildings,parks,shoppingmallsandsubwaystations.SomeplacesluvealsoputspeedlimitsonthedoicesandrestrictedtheirUKCIObikepath*However,openareasincludingyour>ardarcfreeoftheserestrictions.”IZlogichoardofahovcrK>nrdcanMoreelectricitypo”、crihcwheelsC?sendinformationtoIhendersD.receivedaUiandgivecommandAcccrdingloihepassage,ahoverboardcanbeused.oncampusC.onbikepallw
inparksD.inchoppingmilkWhdiisdiemainpuipuu:uflhi,pa^^agc?A?Toevaluateagill”squalityTorecommendagiftcilice.rlbcomparenewhoserboardmodels.luclarifyfuiictic^Ks“theIUICNIhovelboards.B(in)uingup.DekaIsmailsa、、shektlabelsdefine\vhatshecouldhe.T3asablackgirl,fromarefugee(<&)family/*Dekasaid,“kuifIwaxonlyallowedtoexploreintliispredctermifiedbox.””\fterahighschoolchemistrycl-inspiredhertothinkaboutacareerinscienceandgo、cherconfidenceinthefluid.D^kaburnedtoliveoutsidelabelsandbeganmakingbigplansforherftiturc.Nov%sheisabouttobeginherfrcshnunyearalliieUniversityofCaiitwina.planningtobecomeaprofessor.Bcmandr;?scdinSailDiego?CityIkighlsneighbourhood.Dekai、IhedaughlcrofaSomalirefugeecouple.While、omcmightsayDek<i*$successhappenedillspileofherhackgnnmd.shewouldsa\dinerenllythatherexperiencesshapedherandinspiredhertobvthedriven,youngsciciitisltkitsheistoday.WLKHDeka、、4eight)<<U5vid.IKIIIKMIKIgutajebb\Mudyiii^hmdbmkinschooluiorderlosupportthewholefamily.IhatnudeDekarealizeihalccucatioiicouldmakeadiHcrcncctoone”slik.Shespentalotollimeinthelibranreadingbooks,anddidifldomanyIIKthingsIwrpeersdid.likepiutyingorhavingromanticrelationships.feltlikeIhadtohethepcHcctgirlformyfamily“l(fā)>ckisaidOMIhavetonotevendosourbestbuttwotinieabetterthaneveryoneeke.Ifeltlikethe“hole- 9worldMaswaitingformetoinessup.”AA?5ft(ft12I)Dekascilbrtspaidoil.Thesummerbeforeherseniorscaroi”highschool,shewasacvepledtotheAmericanClicniicalSocietyIVojectSEEDProgramme.’Shebroughtbothenthusiasmandfbcus;“Botliani.aresearcheratthkresearchinstitute,recalled.**Shcarrivedeverydayreadytowork,readytolearnandreadytota:klcnewchallengesrcgiirdlessofwhetherornotshehaddonean)1hingsimilar.wWhenaskeduliatadviceshewouldgivetootherslikeher,Dekawarnedthemnottoundcrestinuilcihemsehcs.“Donitell\ourselftlutscholarshipistoobigorthisprogrammeisloocompetitiveorI”llnevergelintothisschool.“shesaid.*1uasnotsurewhetherIcouldmakeituntilIstartedseeingtheacceptanceletlersrollingin.”Fromthepassage,uecanlearnthat.DekawasadoptedbyarefugeefamilyDekaspentalotoftimegoingtopartiesDekabecameaprofessoratlergraduation1>Dck;i“experiencesdn)vehertouorkhardI>ekarealizedtheimportanceofeducation.fromhermothersexperienceC.byreadingbooksinthelibrary
afterherchemistn”classD.throughworkingattheinstituteAccordingtotheIasiparagraph.Dekaadvisedihatstudentsbe .patientB.confidentC.ambitiousI),generousWhatdocsthestoryintendtotellus?Lifeisnotallroses.IVacticemakesperfectWellbegunishalfdone.Hardworkleadstosuccess.Agroupofblue-facedbirdsstepthrouglithegrassshouldertoshoulder,redeyeslookingaround.IheylooklikemiddlesdioolcNseekingacalctcriatablealluitchtimcPerilapsthey”renotsodillcrcnlAnewstud>;ledbyDamienFarinc.anoniithologis;uhostudiescollectivebehavlour.SIKHVSdialthe\ullurinc612布guiiwaltnvlofeasternAfrica,likelnunair>.havemuhilcvclMKidics.Inthepastbcivnlistsassumedsuchsocialstructuresrequired11lotofbrainpower.Butthepc:i-brainedguiiwaibwlarcNvgdingthefmiltsinthatftssumpttonTheselargebirdswanderacrossthehindscape?ipack*oftenwalkingsocloselythattheirbodiestouch.Theymayfighteachothertomaintain.heirstricthierarchiesbutatolhertimestheyengageinIri^idlybchaviixirslikesharingfix)d.Suspectingtheguineafowlmightliaveasocialstnictiire.Dr.Farineandhiscolleaguesbeganathoroughstudyoftheirsodety.Forawlx)lcwar.theynuuledailyobservationsof441birds.ColouredlegbandsinuniqiKcombinationsletresearclicistelltheblack-aiid-blucbirdsapart.TheyalsoaltachedGPSckvicc^tothebacksor58birds,whichletthemseeexactlywliereevengroupneiiL24houixaday.TheHnding^oftheresearchsuggestthiitthevulturincguineafowlhaveamultilevelsociety.Tlwrcarcgroupsuithingroupswithinthepopulmonasawhole.ThereevenseemIobegroupsoffriendswithinthesmallgroups.Thisis(hefirsttimeanyonehasobsenedsuchasocic1\in<ibird.wAndl>.Farineemphasi/csthisparticularbird”stinybrainsize:“”Ihcydon\onlyhavesmallbrants tQnwnnials(嘀孔動曲、Uwyalsoha、Cquitesmallbrainsrelativetoetherbirds.“hesaid.AccordingIohim.livinginthiskindofsocietymightactuallymakeiteasiertokeeptrackofthesocialorder.Forexample,ifgroupsarcstableandabirdcanidaitifyjuMoneortwoindividualswithinagroup,ilknoMswhichgroupiTslookingatnoneedtorabrainthatcanrecognizeeverysingleanimal.Mullikvdsodclicsalsoletanimalsadjusttheirgroupsizesbasedonulialcvcrchallengesthey”refacing.IX^xndiitgonwhatenemiesorresourcearcaround,ilmightmakesensetotravelinacombinedgroupratherthanasmallerone.“Havingamultilevelstructuremaynotrequirehaving!largebrain:”DrFarina?caid.TheremaybemorebirdsandotherjmimalsoutthereIhut.althoughsmall-brained,havesocietiesasniany-levcledasouroun.According1Oihcpassage,whalinspiredIX.Farinetocarryoutthesmdy?Ilieguineafowlssocialbehaviour.Previemsassumptioiisaboutbirds.Uisinterestinanimalbrainpower.D?Ihefaultsinearlierresearch.薨語?7?<M12?>WhalisParagraph4mainlyabout?Thercarchsubjects.C.Theresearchfinding?.4.Whalcanhelearnedfromthepassage0
Ihcrcseardimethxls.Theresearchequipment.Complexsocialsystem*canbeadisadvantagetotheguincafiwl.Iheguineatdxvlaregoodatrecognizingindividualsinagroup.BirdsnuiinuinNOVIUIorderb\irawlliiigincunibiiicdgruup、.Snmll-braine<lanimalscanformmultilevelsocieties.Whatisthemainpiirpo*eoftheparage9,lbpreKcnlthelitulin^sofastudyofllvguineabuIH.Ibexplaintheinteractionpatternsinmultilevelsocieties.C lointroduceanewapproachioobseningtheguincifbul.D.IouncovercluesabouthowcomplexsocietiesareformedDForsevenildecades,therehasbvmanextensixeandorgmii/cdcampaigninkndedtogeneratedistnislinscience,fundedb\thosewho武interestsandideologiesarcthreatenedbythefindingsofmodemscience.Inresponse,scientistshavetendedtosirensUKsuccesso!sciciKc.Allerall,xciciitrtshavebeenrightmo>tthings.Strewing isn*!、、iun&butformanspeopleit”snotpci、U4i、u.Xnalumativeanswertothequestion““”h、trustsicncc?“isthnlscientistsusetheso-calledscientificmethixi.Ifyou”vegotahighschoolsciencetextbooklyingaround,youllprobablyfindthatansverinit.Ikitwhalisnpioillytlwiiglittobethesciailifkmethoddevelopahypo(hcsK(低汽).IhcndesignincKpcnmenttolestitisn”twhatscicnlisUactuallydv.Scienceisdyiutnu:tKUmethodsgetmvented,oldonesgetabandoned;andsometimes,scientistscanbefounddoingman、diilcrcntthingy.Ifthereisnoidcniifiablescieiiiijicmethod,liienzhaiisilicICUMJIIfurIrusiinscience?iheanswerish。、、theseclaimsarcevaluated.ITKcommonclcinciitinmodemscience,reeardlessofthespecificHeldortheparticularmethodsHeineused,isthestrict ftendiny(Wff)nfclnimsi.h”sthistough,susfninedpmoe&sthatuork(1omakesurefaultyclaimsarerejected.AwientificclaimisneveracceptedastrueuntilithasgonethroughaIcngihsgerreview*becausethercvicucrsarcexpertsinthesamefieldwhohaveboththerightandtheobligation(frft)lofindfaults.55841?fi)Akeyaspectofscientificjudgmentisthatitisdonecollectively.Noclaimgelsaccq>tedinrti!ithasbeenveiledbydo/cns.ifimlhundreds,ofheads.Inarcs、Uvithavebeenc,”Nc、lcd,Iccliuntlc、cicnceandvaccinesatcly.itstliousmuk.Thi、inwhywearcgenerallyjustifiedinnotworningk〕omuchilasinglescicnlist.evenaveryfamousone.disagreeswiththeclaim.:\ndthisiswhydiversityinsciencethemorepeoplelookingataclaimfromdifterentanglesisimportantDoesthisprocessevergowrong?Ofcocirse.Scicntislsarchumans.Ihercisalwaysthepossibililyofrevvinguclaimonthebasisofiwwidmcc.Sonicp^opkarguethatweshouldnottmstsciencebecausescientistsarc^alwa\^changingtheirminds.“Whileexamplesol*trulvsettledscicnccbeingovcrtunicdarclar15、erthanissometimesclaimed,theydoexiu.Butthebeautyofthi?scientificprocessisthatitexplainswhalmiglitotherwiseappearparadoxical〔矛必tij〕:thatscienceproducesbothnoveltyandstability.Scicntislsdochangetheirmindsinthefaceofnewevidence,butthisisastrengthofscience,notaweakness.Mowdocstheauthorthinkofthescicntillcmalwd?AStable. B.Persuasive. C.Unrclubic. D.Unrealistic.Vhatdoestheunderlinedword,Jetted“inParagraph4probablymean?Explained. B.Examined. C.Repealed. D.Released. Accordingiothepa^Migi;.theauthormayagreethntAitisno〔persuasivetorejeclthosefaultsclaimssettledsciencetendstobecollectivelyoxertumedaleadingexpertcannotplayadecisiveroleinascrutinydiversityinknowledgeisthecommonelementinicicnix.VhichoftlwAllowingwouldbetheZsltitIefbrthepassage?PutYourFaithinScienceC.ApplyYourMindtoScience
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